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Common descent

Rawle Phylogeny II

Subject: 
Biology
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Phylogenetics
Evolutionary biology
Synapomorphy
Biology
Common descent
Symplesiomorphy
Species
Homology
cladogram
Cladistics

This week?s Bio seminar Friday, Jan. 23, at 12:00 in DV2082 Sapna Sharma, York University A landscape perspective: The effects of climate change on aquatic ecosystems 1 Lecture 5: Phylogeny II Avoid common mistakes Define homologous and analogous characters Distinguish derived and ancestral characters 2 How did you make your decision? Who is more closely related to salamanders? A. Lungfish B. Humans 3 Trees are hypotheses 4 Jetz et al. 2012. Nature 491: 444-448 But how do we construct trees? 5 Similar species are likely related Taxa that are more similar are likely more closely related than less similar species Morphology DNA sequence Behaviour ? 6 Similarity due to shared ancestry produces homology 7

BIO152 Lecture 12 Darwin and Natural Selection

Subject: 
Biology
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Evolutionary biology
Biology
Philosophy of biology
Natural selection
evolution
Mutation
Adaptation
Common descent
Mimicry
Vestigiality
Heritability
Pesticide resistance

Lecture 12-13 BIO152 Darwin and Natural Selection L12 mimicry means similar to something else mimicry can be shape and just not behavior mimic octopus is an example, it mimics a number of poisonous sea animals shape, behavior and colour chromataphors- changes shape , not just colour but patters uniform-little or no contrast moderate- destructive- to interfere with the colour that the actuall organism is octopus is colour blind but because of chromataphors not just matching colour behind you but the texture lyer bird makes sounds that they hear in their environment **Fig 23.13 Less than 35 years Think-Pair-Share Q: Where did antibiotic resistance gene come from?

Ch 22: Descent with Modification

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Biology
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Biology
Evolutionary biology
evolution
On the Origin of Species
Natural selection
Species
Adaptation
Charles Darwin
heredity
Common descent
Artificial selection
organism
Environment

Ch 22: Descent with Modification Charles Darwin published On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection (November 24, 1859) Origin of Species- focused biologists? attention on the great diversity of organisms a. Origins and relationships, similarities and differences, geographic distribution, adaptations to surrounding environments b. Presented evidence that the many species of organisms presently inhabiting Earth are descendants of ancestral species that were different from the modern species c. Proposed a mechanism for this evolutionary process Natural Selection Natural Selection- population can change over generations if individuals that possess certain heritable traits leave more offspring than other individuals
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