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AP Literature Terms Flashcards

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10859780405DictionWord choice0
10859780406DenotationThe dictionary definition of a word1
10859783550Connotationthe implied or associative meaning of a word2
10859827789Shiftindicate some type of change. usually the speaker's perspective3
10859829851toneemotional coloring of a work. Direct reflection of the speaker's attitude. Primarily diction4
10859834002Moodthe feeling a reader gets from a story as a result of the tone5
10859839760Similecomparing two things using like or as6
10859839761Metaphora direct comparison of two different things *Extended metaphor7
10859841571Personificationthe giving of human qualities to an animal, object, or idea8
10859846671imeragyvisually descriptive or figurative language, especially in a literary work.9
10859846689syntaxThe arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language.10
10859850370Inversionmaintain rhyme but also emphasize a point11
10859852102Enjambment(run on line) one line ends without pause and must continue into the next line to complete the meaning12
10859857293CaesuraA natural pause or break in a line of poetry, usually near the middle of the line.13
10859858893Elegycontemplative poem, usually for someone who died14
10859862265Lyrica short poem expressing the thoughts and feelings of a single speaker15
10859864396Odea form of poetry used to meditate on or address a single object or condition16
10859865963VillanelleA 19 line form using only two rhymes and repeating two of the lines according to a set pattern (5 tercets and 1 quatrain)17
10859870832AlliterationRepetition of initial consonant sounds18
10859872778AssonanceRepetition of vowel sounds19
10859872779ConsonanceRepetition of a consonant sound within two or more words in close proximity.20
10859874554Onomatopeiaformation or use of words that imitate sounds of the actions they refer to21
10859876001RhymeRepetition of sounds at the end of words22
10859876002Free versePoetry that does not have a regular meter or rhyme scheme23
10859877814Internal RhymeA word inside a line rhymes with another word on the same line24
10859879407Near Rhyme (Slant rhyme)poetic license to rhyme works that do not quite sound the same.25
10859882988QuatrainA four line stanza26
10859882989Coupletrhyme aabb27
10859885240Oxymoronparadoxes made up of 2 seemingly contradictiory words28
10859887579Parallel structurerepeating words and sounds29
10859889188conflictA struggle between opposing forces30
10859890985expositionBackground information presented in a literary work.31
10859893016rising actionEvents leading up to the climax32
10859893017ClimaxMost exciting moment of the story; turning point33
10859894651Falling actionEvents after the climax, leading to the resolution34
10859898095Denouementan outcome or solution; the unraveling of a plot35
10859899430In media resin the middle of things36
10859899433flashbacka scene in a movie, novel, etc., set in a time earlier than the main story.37
10859900590foreshadowingA narrative device that hints at coming events; often builds suspense or anxiety in the reader.38
10859901616protagonistmain character39
10859901617antagonistA character or force in conflict with the main character40
10859904661BildungsromanA coming of age story41
10859904662round characterA character who demonstrates some complexity and who develops or changes in the course of a work42
10859906015flat characterA character who embodies a single quality and who does not develop in the course of a story43
10859906016foil charactera character's whose main purpose is to highlight the strengths of another character44
10859907291Stock charactera stereotypical character45
10859909562Characterizationthe process by which the writer reveals the personality of a character46
10859909563Directstraightforward and honest47
10859912639indirectnot directly caused by or resulting from something.48
10859914159historical contextthe historical period that shapes a work of literature and allows the reader to understand important issues in a given time period49
10859914160cultural environmentinstitutions and other forces that affect society's basic values, perceptions, preferences, and behaviors50
10859915853narrative voicethe attitude, personality or character of the narrator as it is revealed through dialogue or descriptive and narrative commentary51
10859915854first personthe narrator is a character in the story52
10859917491unreliable narratora narrator whose account of events appears to be faulty, misleadingly biased, or otherwise distorted53
10859919602third person omniscientthe narrator knows all of the thoughts and feelings of all of the characters in a work54
10859919604third person limitedNarrator sees the world through only one characters eyes and thoughts.55
10859923632objective narratorrecounts only what characters say and do, offering no insight or judgement into their thinking or analysis of events56
10859924941symbolA thing that represents or stands for something else, especially a material object representing something abstract.57
10859926336allegoryA literary work in which characters, objects, or actions represent abstractions58
10859928458Theme1) subject and theme are not the same 2) Avoid cliches 3) Do not ignore contradictory details 4) Theme is not a moral 5) Literary work almost always has more than one theme59
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The guilded age Flashcards

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11780313052United States experienced what during the gilded age?an industrial revolution0
11780313053what did the Civil War stimulate?mass production techniques that were used after the war to make industrial goods1
11780313054what was needed to rebuild the nation after the war and build America's new cities?industrial goods like iron steel and railroads2
11780313055what was the first wave of inventions in America's industrial revolution?cash registers, typewriters, and adding machines3
11780313056what revolutionized communication?Marconi's wireless transmitter and Bell's telephone4
11780313057what created a cheap way to transfer my iron into stronger lighter steel?Bessemer process5
11780313058who was The wizard of Menlo Park and was the greatest inventor of the 1800s?Thomas Edison6
11780313059who invented the first phonograph, audio recorder, and battery and also the electric lightbulb?Thomas Edison7
11780313060what was America's industrial revolution fueled by?r. o. S. e. railroads, oil, steel, electricity8
11780313061what was America's first big business?the railroad9
11780313062how were railroads constructed in the years before the Civil War?the tracks were owned by different companies and were not standardized10
11780313063why did railroad construction boom during the gilded age?it was led by tycoons like Cornelius Vanderbilt who bought small railroads, standardized gauges and schedules, and pooled cars11
11780313064what did railroad expansion lead to?a boom in economybecause they connected the south east north and west and allowed for national trade and egional specialization12
11780313065what was finished in 1869?the first Transcontinental railroad13
11780313066how were Eastern railroads connected to the West?by four great trunk lines14
11780313067what did railroads stimulate a demand for?coal, oil, iron, and steel15
11780313068why did industrialization lead to demands for iron and steel?you let the skyscrapers, longer Bridges, stronger railroads, and heavy machinery16
11780313069who dominated the iron and steel industries?Andrew Carnegie because he converted his Mills to the Bessemer process and made the highest quality steel at the lowest price they also produced more steel than all the steel factories in great Britain combined17
11780313070what did Carnegie represent?The American dream by rising from a poor immigrants to richest man in the world18
11780313071how did Carnegie spend his money?he did not pay his employees very much and do not allow unions in his factories but he was a philanthropist who give money to New York City libraries, colleges, and performing arts institutions19
11780313072who dominated the oil industry during the gilded age?John d rockefeller's standard oil company because he use ruthless tactics to buy a competing companies, standard oil lowered cost, and improve the quality of its oil products20
11780313073how did Rockefeller spend his money?he took advantage of his workers and use his fortune to influence the national government but Rockefeller gave away 500 million dollars to charities, created the Rockefeller foundation, and founded the University of Chicago21
11780313074who dominated American finance during the gilded age?JP Morgan because he bailed at the railroad industry when companies were in trouble and he helped ease an economic depression during the panic of 190722
11780313075why do businesses hire professional managers?to oversee employees improve efficiency and manage finances23
11780313076why did corporations use board of trustees?to manage the company and holding companies to manage other subsidiary companies24
11780313077how did corporations use mergers to increase profits?by using horizontal integration device similar companies to reduce competition and using vertical integration to buy companies in order to gain materials needed to make or deliver their products25
11780313078what did corporate mergers lead to?giant companies called monopolies that control the majority of in industry26
11780313079how did monopolist justify their wealth?1 the gospel of wealth argued that it is God's will for some men to gain great wealth so they could serve the public, to social Darwinism. that natural competition weeds out the weak and the Strong survive, 3 the government use laissez-faire policies were big business the lack of regulation of the business is doing very powerful and exploitive27
11861057017what caused the U.S. to place quotas on immigrants?from 1880 to 1921, 23 million immigrants came over and many Americans expressed nativism and accused immigrants of taking jobs away from "real" americans28
11861057018where did most u.s. immigrants come from?colonial era to 1880: England, Ireland, or Germany 1880-1921: southern and Eastern Europe (Italy, Poland, Austria-Hungary, and Russia)29
11861057019what was the typical immigrant?young, male, either Catholic or Jewish, and spoke little or no English ( most were unskilled agricultural laborers with little money or education)30
11861057020where did most immigrants enter the u.s.?Ellis island in New York31
11861057021what did immigrants have to do in the u.s.?pass a health examination and got questioned by inspectors to make sure they were not criminals, could work, and had some money32
11861057022what were nativists?people who had deep-seated prejudices about immigrants based on ethnicity, religion, political and social beliefs33
11861057023what led to massive urbanization in the gilded age?rural Americans and immigrants moving to cities, bridges and skyscrapers were built with new engineering innovations, and cities expanded from industrial centers to a ring of out suburbs34
11861057024where did immigrants typically settle?in parts of cities called enclaves where the ethnic community and feel of security allowed them to be surrounded by the familiar customs, food, and language of their homeland35
11861057025what did immigrants do for work?industrial jobs because industries needed cheap workers and most immigrants are unskilled and willing to accept almost any kind of job36
11861057026what caused people to join labor unions?low wages, long hours, and dangerous working conditions in the factories37
11861057027what was one of the first labor unions in America?The knights of labor which was open to a workers regardless of race, gender, or skill38
11861057028what was the most successful union in America?the American federation of labor led by Samuel Gompers which only included skilled workers but used collective bargaining to gain better pay, shorter hours, and better working conditions for members39
11861057029what tactic did unions use?Strikes which were designed to stop production in order to force management to accept union demands40
11861057030how did business leaders deal with strikes?they hired replacement workers or private police to break them up41
11870475420what happened during the Chicago Haymarket strike?unionists demanded an 8 hour day but when violence broke out, public opinion turned against unions, viewing them as violent and "un-american"42
11870475421what happened during the Homestead strike?violence erupted at Carnegie's steel plant where federal troops were called to re-open the factory with replacement workers43
11870475422why did President Cleveland send an army to end a strike?because railroad workers led a national strike when the Pullman Palace Company cut wages by 50%44
11870475423who were the main migrants to the west?farmers45
11870475424what was the homestead act?gave 160 acres of free western land to anyone who farmed the land for 5 years46
11870475425why was life difficult on the Great Plains?there was a lack of trees and poor soil, tornados and droughts were constant problems and 60% of homesteaders failed to make it to the required 5 years47
11870475426who took advantage of the homestead act?farmers and "exodusters" (African Americans) to escape Jim crow laws in the south48
11870475427how were miners, ranchers, and farmers connected to Eastern cities in 1869?the Transcontinental railroad49
11870475428what did the Chinese workers build?the central Pacific railroad from West to east50
11870475429what did the Irish workers build?the Union Pacific railroad from East to west51
11870475430where did the Union Pacific and central Pacific tracks meet?at promontory point in utah52
11870475431how did the federal government encourage railroad construction?by giving millions of acres of land to railroad companies53
11870475432how many railroads extended to the Pacific coast by 1890?554
11870475433what ended Chinese immigration to America?Chinese exclusion act55
11870475434what innovations did the railroad cause?time zones to coordinate train schedules, luxury train cars (Pullman palace cars) and refrigerated train cars56
11870475435where did 2/3 of all Indians live by the end of the civil war?the great plains57
11870475436what were great plain indians dependent on?the Buffalo and the horse58
11870475437how did Indian policy change during the guilded age?Jackson used the Indian removal act to relocate indians to lands west of the Mississippi River but the manifest destiny caused indians to concentrate on small reservations and the flood of miners, ranchers, and farmers led to the Indian wars59
11870475438what caused the battle of little big Horn?Americans flooded into Sioux territory in South Dakota for gold60
11870475439what was the result of little big horn?the Sioux won by ambushing Colonel Custer and his 197 soldiers in the seventh cavalry61
11870475440what was the last Indian battle in u.s. history?the battle of wounded knee62
11870475441what caused the battle of wounded knee?the u.s. army attacked the Sioux after tribal leaders refused to stop their "ghost dances"63
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Chapter 17: Freedom's Boundaries, at Home and Abroad, 1890-1900 Flashcards

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8745185236How did economic development in Brazil during and after the American Civil War affect the lives of southern cotton farmers?C. The expansion of Brazilian cotton cultivation lowered global prices for the crop and led to indebtedness and loss of land for southern farmers.0
8745185237Which of the following prompted some urban observers to misjudge Populists as a backward looking movement?D. Their belief in a commonwealth of small producers and the dignity of labor.1
8745185238How did Populists hope to guarantee farmers inexpensive access to markets for their crops?C. They called for public ownership of the railroads.2
8745185239Why did Republicans succeed in winning over workers with the tariff issue?C. They reasoned that a protective tariff would guard American businesses and its workers against cheap foreign competition.3
8745185240Why did the South fail to attract significant economic development in the wake of Reconstruction?C. Investors came to the South for cheap labor and low taxes, so they made few capital investments in the region.4
8745185241How did racial segregation in the labor market affect African-Americans women?D. A high percentage of black women worked for wages, typically in domestic service.5
8745185242How did black women challenge the racial ideology of the Jim Crow South?C. they insisted on the equal respectability of black women by working for "racial uplift."6
8745185243Apart from the racial identity of victims , what typically triggered the lynch violence of southern white mobs?D. The victim's alleged sexual conducts.7
8745185244On what grounds did Justice David J. Brewer dissent from the majority opinion in the case of Fong Yue Ting (1893) that authorized the federal government to expel Chinese aliens without due process of law?B. Brewer worried that a similar rationale could be used in the future to subvert the rights to due process of other people.8
8745185245The ascendancy of the American Federation of Labor during the 1890's reflectedLC. A shift from broad reform goals to more limited goals.9
8745185246Native-born middle-class women under the leadership of Carrie Chapman-Catt argued hat they deserved the right to vote on account of:A. Their birth in the United States.10
8745185247In contrast to the expansion of the 1890's, U.S. interests in Alaska originated in a desire for:A. Territory.11
8745185248Had the Teller Amendment been applied to the Philippines and Cuba, how would it have changed the Spanish-American War?D. The United States would have been barred from annexing the archipelago.12
8745185249Which of the following was the reason for U.S. control over Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines?D. Control of strategic gateways from which to project American naval and commercial power.13
8745185250Why did Americans celebrate the Spanish-American War?D. Americans experienced the war as an occasion for national reconciliation between North and South.14
8745185251How did American racial attitudes shape South African politics?D. The sense of shared purpose between the United States and the Union of South Africa led to a close military alliance aimed at the subjugation of sub-Saharan Africa.15
8745185252Farmers believed that their plight derived from all of the following EXCEPT:E. The free and unlimited coinage of silver.16
8745185253The Farmers' Alliance:C. Sought to improve conditions through cooperatives.17
8745185254The People's Party:A. Evolved out of the Farmers' Alliance.18
8745185255Which statement about the People's Party is FALSE:D. It emerged as an urban, middle-class vehicle for social, economic, and political reform.19
8745185256The Populist platform:C. Called for public ownership of railroads.20
8745185257Which was NOT part of the Populist platform?D. Higher tariffs.21
8745185258The Populist:D. Relied on women orators such as Mary Elizabeth Lease.22
8745185259The severe depression of 1893:E. Led to increased conflict between capitol and labor.23
8745185260The 1894 Pullman Strike:D. Collapsed when union leaders were jailed.24
8745185261How were federal trooped used in the Pullman Strike of 1894?B. To help suppress the strikers on behalf of the owners.25
8745185262William Jenning's Bryan:B. Ran for president in 1896 on the free silver platform.26
8745185263The silver issue:C. Refers to the fight to increase the money supply by mining silver money.27
8745185264Republican presidential candidate William McKinley:C. Argued in favor of the gold standard.28
8745185265The election of 1896:A. Is sometimes called the first modern presidential campaign.29
8745185266Which statement about the 1896 election is FALSE?E. William Jennings Bryan lost because he supported the gold standard.30
8745185267Which institution was hardest hit by the Redeemers once they assumed power in the South?B. Public schools.31
8745185268In the South, The Redeemers:D. Imposed a new racial order.32
8745185269The New South as promoted by Henry Grady:E. Promised prosperity based on industrial expansion.33
8745185270Who migrated to Kansas during the Kansas Exodus?D. Blacks.34
8745185271By the end of the nineteenth century, African-American men in the South:B. Were forced out of politics and passed leadership to female African-American activists.35
8745185272Between 1890 and 1906, southern state governments and white Southerners eliminated black voting using all of the following EXCEPT:E. Racial tests.36
8745185273Which statement about the disenfranchisement of blacks in the South is FALSE?E. The Supreme Court upheld the grandfather clause.37
8745185274Which statement about the South after 1890 is FALSE?A. Whites feared that northerners and the federal government would abolish the Jim Crow laws.38
8745185275Plessy v. Ferguson:B. Sanctioned racial segregation.39
8745185276In Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), the Supreme Court:A. Ruled that "separate by equal" accommodations were constitutional.40
8745185277All of the following were used by southern white to maintain domination over blacks EXCEPT:E. Outlawing the use of black female domestic workers in white homes.41
8745185278At the end of the nineteenth century, lynching:B. Was an act of violence directed mostly at black men.42
8745185279Twenty years after the Reconstruction, African-Americans in the South:D. Suffered the most from the region's poor conditions.43
8745185280How did the Civil War come to be remembered by the 1890's as the white North and South moved toward reconciliation?A. As a tragic family quarrel among white Americans, in which blacks played no significant part.44
8745185281What explains the appeal of the Lost Cause mythology for Southern whites in the late nineteenth century?D. It helped southern whites cope with defeat but preserve white supremacy.45
8745185282The new immigrants:C. Came from Southern and Eastern Europe.46
8745185283The Immigration Restriction League:D. Wanted to bar immigrants who were illiterate.47
8745185284The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882:E. Prohibited any Chinese from entering the United States.48
8745185285The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882:E. Was the first time race was used to exclude an entire group of people from entering the United States.49
8745185286The Supreme Court decision "United States v. Wong Kim Ark" ruled that:A. The Fourteenth Amendment gave Asians born in the United States citizenship.50
8745185287In his Atlanta speech of 1895, Booker T. Washington:B. Encouraged Blacks to adjust to segregation/51
8745185288Founded in 1886, the American Federation of Labor:B. Restricted membership to only skilled workers.52
8745185289The American Federation of Labor's founder Samuel Gompers used the idea of "freedom of contract" to :A. Argue against interference by judges with workers' right to organize unions.53
8745185290Americans have referred to the 1890's as the women's era because:C. Women's economic opportunities and roles in public life expanded.54
8745185291In 1900, most of the nearly 5 million women who worked for wages worked in:C. The garment industry and as domestic laborers.55
8745185292The Women's Christian Temperance Union (WCTU):C. Moved from demanding prohibition to pushing for women's suffrage.56
8745185293In the 1890s, the National American Woman Suffrage Association:D. Argued that native-born white women's votes would counteract the "ignorant foreign vote."57
8745185294After the 1890's, American expansionism:B. Was partly fueled by the need to stimulate American exports.58
8745185295American territorial expansionism:B. Was a feature of American life since well before independence.59
8745185296Journalists who worked for newspapers like William Randolph Hearst's "New York Journal", which sensationalized events to sell papers, were called:A. Yellow Journalists.60
8745185297Which statement about the Spanish-American War is true?A. The was lasted only four months and resulted in less than 400 U.S. battle casualties.61
8745185298The Teller Amendment stated that:C. The United States would not annex Cuba.62
8745185299The Spanish-American War:C. Brought the Philippines, Guam and Puerto Rico under U.S. control.63
8745185300In 1899, President William McKinley explained in an interview with Methodist Church leaders that his decision to annex the Philippines:C. Was in part based on his desire to educate and uplift the Filipinos.64
8745185301The Platt Amendment:D. Authorized the United States to intervene militarily in Cuba.65
8745185302President William McKinley justified U.S. annexation of the Philippines on all of the following grounds EXCEPT:E. The United States needed to ensure that the Philippines became and independent democracy.66
8745185303The Philippine War:B. Was far longer and bloodier than the Spanish-American War.67
8745185304All of the following statements about Emilio Aguinaldo are true EXCEPT:C. Aguinaldo believed that Filipinos could only govern themselves with U.S. assistance.68
8745185305The "white man's burden":D. Comes from a poem by Rudyard Kipling.69
8745185306Which of the following stated that the Constitution did not fully apply to the territories recently acquired by the United States?B. Insular Cases.70
8745185307In the Insular Cases, the Supreme Court:B. Held that the Constitution did not fully apply to the territories acquired by the United States during the Spanish-American War.71
8745185308During the "Age of Empire," American racial attitudes:A. Had a global impact.72
8745185309Supporters of the Anti-Imperialist League:E. Believed that American energies should be directed at home, not abroad.73
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Campbell Biology Concepts and Connections Chapter 8B Flashcards

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9258169221autosomea chromosome that is not directly involved in determining sex, as opposed to a sex chromosomes0
9258169230centromerethe centralized region joining two sister chromatids1
9258169232chiasmathe place where crossing over occurs2
9258169233chromatinthe complex of DNA and proteins that makes up a eukaryotic chromosome. When the cell is not dividing, the DNA exists as a mass of very long, thin fibers that are not visible with a light microscope3
9258169234chromosomea gene-carrying structure found in the nucleus. Each consisting of two very long DNA molecules and associated proteins generally seen compressed into tightly wound x-shaped bodies4
9258169236crossing overthe reciprocal exchange of genetic material between nonsister chromatids during synapsis of meiosis 15
9258169238deletion(1) a deficiency in a chromosome resulting from the loss of a fragment through breakage6
9258169240diploid cella cell containing two sets of chromosomes (2n), one set inherited from each parent7
9258169241down syndromea human genetic disease resulting from having an extra 21st chromosome, characterized by mental retardation and heart and respiratory defects8
9258169242duplicationan aberration in chromosome structure resulting from an error in meiosis or mutagens, this genetic error causes a repeat of a portion of a chromosome resulting from fusion with a fragment from homologous chromosome9
9258169243fertilizationthe union of haploid gametes to produce a diploid zygote10
9258169244gametea haploid cell such as an egg or sperm. they unite during sexual reproduction to produce a diploid zygote11
9258169245genetic recombinationthe general term for the production of offspring with new combinations of traits inherited from the two parents12
9258169248haploid cella cell containing only one set of chromosomes13
9258169249homologous chromosomeschromosome pairs of the same length, centromere position, and staining pattern that possess genes for the same characters at corresponding loci. one homologous chromosome is inherited from the organism's father, the other from the mother14
9258169251inversionan aberration in chromosome structure resulting from an error in meiosis or from mutagens; specifically, reattachment of a chromosomal fragment to the chromosome from which the fragment originated, but in reverse orientation15
9258169252karyotypea method of organizing the chromosomes of a cell in relation to number, size, and type16
9258169253leukemiaa type of cancer of the blood-forming tissues, characterized by an excessive production of white blood cells and an abnormally high number of them in the blood; cancer of the bone marrow that produces leukocytes17
9258169255locusa particular place along the length of a certain chromosome where a given gene is located18
9258169258meiosisa two-stage type of cell division in sexually reproducing organisms that results in cells with half the chromosome number of the original cell19
9258169264nondisjunctionan accident of meiosis or mitosis, in which the members of a pair of homologous chromosome or sister chromatid fail to move apart properly20
9258169267sex chromosomesone of the pair of chromosomes responsible for determining the sex of an individual21
9258169269sister chromatidsreplicated forms of a chromosome joined together by the centromere and eventually separated during mitosis or meiosis 222
9258169270somatic cellany cell in a multicellular organisms except a sperm or egg cell23
9258169272trisomy 21a condition in which there are three number-21 chromosomes, which can cause down syndrome24
9258169274zygotethe diploid product of the union of haploid gametes in conception; a fertilized egg25
9258169275tetradthe joining of two homologous pairs of chromosomes during prophase I, resulting in four joined chromatids.26
9258169276Klinefelter syndromea genetic disorder in men that causes feminine secondary sexual characteristics; such as, larger than normal breast development, reduced facial hair, and sterility. XXY27
9258169277Turners syndromea genetic disorder in women that causes reduced feminine secondary sexual characteristics; such as short stature (usually under 5'), webbing of the neck, the woman will not undergo puberty without treatment, and she will have ovarian hypofunction (making her sterile).28
9258169278Patau SyndromeTrisomy 13 can be a lethal genetic disorder in mammals, resulting in chromosomes failing to separate during meiosis.29
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AP Literature Terms Flashcards

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10743936528Imageryvisually descriptive or figurative language, especially in a literary work.0
10743936529Mooda literary element that evokes certain feelings or vibes in readers through words and descriptions1
10743936530ToneAttitude a writer takes toward the audience, a subject, or a character2
10743936531Syntaxthe actual way in which words and sentences are placed together in the writing3
10743936532Dictionstyle of speaking or writing determined by the choice of words by a speaker or a writer4
10743936533round charactercomplex and undergo development5
10743936534flat charactertwo-dimensional in that they are relatively uncomplicated and do not change throughout the course of a work6
10743936535Allusiona figure of speech that refers to a well-known story, event, person, or object in order to make a comparison in the readers' minds7
10743936536ApostropheA figure of speech sometimes represented by a exclamation8
10743936537SyncedocheA part of something represents the whole, or it may use a whole to represent a part9
10743936538extended metaphorA comparison between two unlike things that continues throughout a series of sentences in a paragraph or lines in a poem.10
10743936539HyperboleA figure of speech that uses exaggeration to express strong emotion, make a point, or evoke humor11
10743936540Onomatopoeiaa poetic structure of words to convey how something sounds12
10743936541Understatementa figure of speech employed by writers or speakers to intentionally make a situation seem less important than it really is13
10743936542Oxymorona figure of speech in which two opposite ideas are joined to create an effect14
10743936543Paradoxa statement that contradicts itself15
10743936544Analogya comparison in which an idea or a thing is compared to another thing that is quite different from it16
10743936545Allegorya story, poem, or picture that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning, typically a moral or political one.17
10743936546Anaphorathe repetition of a certain word or phrase at the beginning of successive lines of writing or speech18
10743936547AlliterationTwo or more words in a phrase that share the same beginning consonant sound19
10743936548AssonanceRepetition of vowel sounds20
10743936549Rythma literary device which demonstrates the long and short patterns through stressed and unstressed syllables particularly in verse form.21
10743936550Rhymecorrespondence of sound between words or the endings of words, especially when these are used at the ends of lines of poetry.22
10743936551Ballada poem that is typically arranged in quatrains with the rhyme scheme ABAB23
10743936552English Sonnet (Shakespearean)fourteen line poem consisting of three quatrains and a couplet24
10743936553blank versea literary device defined as un-rhyming verse written in iambic pentameter25
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Ap Spanish Literature: Figuras Retoricas Flashcards

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7164304577la antítesisconsiste en contraponer dos ideas o palabras de significacion contraria (una muerte feliz)0
7164304578la circunlocución (perífrasis)un rodeo de palabras para expresar algo que se podría haber dicho con menos palabras1
7164304579la elipsisuna oración o idea que no se completa sintácticamente, y el lector tiene que inferir (llovió ayer, y hoy también)2
7164304580el epítetoun adjetivo que solo enfatiza el sustantivo (el fuego caliente)3
7164304581el eufemismosustituye una palabra más suave en lugar de una más franca y malsonante (partes íntimas- órganos sexuales)4
7164304582el hipérbatonla aliteración del orden lógico y normal de las palabras (volverán las golondrinas en tú balcón, sus nidos a colgar)5
7164304583la hipérboleexagerar para hacer énfasis en alguna idea o con fines satíricos (más lento que una tortuga)6
7164304584la ironíadar a entender lo contrario de lo que se dice7
7164304585la metáforautilizar una palabra o frase por otra (tus dientes son perlas)8
7164304586la metonimiaemplea un signo por otro, con el cual mantiene alguna semejanza (comió dos platos)9
7164304587la onomatopeyauna palabra que recrea un sonido asociado con esa palabra (pío pío)10
7164304588la paradojala unión de dos ideas que parecen imposibles de reconciliar (la riqueza lo hace más pobre)11
7164304589la prosopopeya (personificación)concederse a objetos inanimados características humanas (las estrellas nos miraban)12
7164304590el retruécanocambiar el orden de los términos en una frase para construir otra que contraste con el anterior (Hay grandes libros en el mundo y grandes mundos en los libros)13
7164304591el símboloun signo que dentro de su sistema de significación, adquiere otro significante, sin perder su significado original (paloma=paz)14
7164304592el símiluna comparación que emplea el adverbio "como" (durmió como un bebé)15
7164304593la sinécdoqueuna forma sencilla de metonimia cuando se emplea una palabra en vez de otra (tiene quince primaveras- años16
7164304594la sinestesiaune dos ideas o palabras que provienen de distintos ámbitos sensoriales (un sonido blanco)17
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AP World History Flashcards

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11606526699Ibn BattutaMoroccan Muslim scholar, the most widely traveled individual of his time. He wrote a detailed account of his visits to Islamic lands from China to Spain and the western Sudan.0
11606539393Marco PoloVenetian merchant and traveler. His accounts of his travels to China offered Europeans a firsthand view of Asian lands and stimulated interest in Asian trade.1
11606559921XuanzangA famous Chinese Buddhist monk, scholar, traveler, and translator who described the interaction between China and India in the early Tang period. He became famous for his 17 year trip to India and back.2
11606570996NeoconfucianismIn postclassical China, a mixture of traditional Confucian and Buddhist beliefs.3
11606592122Sui DynastyThe short dynasty between the Han and the Tang; built the Grand Canal, strengthened the government, and introduced Buddhism to China4
11606607820Tang Dynasty(618-907 CE) The Chinese dynasty that was much like the Han, who used Confucianism. This dynasty had the equal-field system, a bureaucracy based on merit, and a Confucian education system.5
11606625848Song DynastyEmpire in southern China (1127-1279) while the Jin people controlled the north. Distinguished for its advances in technology, medicine, astronomy, and mathematics.6
11606646323Zheng HeAn imperial eunuch and Muslim, entrusted by the Ming emperor Yongle with a series of state voyages that took his gigantic ships through the Indian Ocean, from Southeast Asia to Africa.7
11606668583Tributary SystemsA system in which, from the time of the Han Empire, countries in East and Southeast Asia not under the direct control of empires based in China nevertheless enrolled as tributary states, acknowledging the superiority of the emperors in China in exchange for trading rights or strategic alliances.8
11606680991Porcelaina ceramic made of fine clay baked at very high temperatures9
11606692209Red Turban Revoltan uprising influenced by the White Lotus Society members that, between 1351 and 1368, targeted the ruling Yuan dynasty of China, eventually leading to its overthrow10
11606697945Grand CanalA canal linking northern and southern China11
11606718599Foot BindingChinese practice of tightly wrapping girls' feet to keep them small, begun in the Tang dynasty; an emphasis on small size and delicacy was central to views of female beauty.12
11606729348Ming DynastySucceeded Mongol Yuan dynasty in China in 1368; lasted until 1644; initially mounted huge trade expeditions to southern Asia and elsewhere, but later concentrated efforts on internal development within China.13
11606750994The MongolsFirst mentioned as early as the records of the Tang Empire, living as nomads in northern Eurasia. After 1206 they established an enormous empire under Genghis Khan, linking western and eastern Eurasia.14
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AP Literature Vocabulary List 12 Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
10500035257Terza rimaAn interlocking rhyme scheme with the pattern aba bcb cdc, etc.0
10500035258Tetrametera metrical line containing four feet1
10500035259Themethe central idea or unifying generalization implied or stated by a literary work2
10500035260Third-person limited point of viewThis is a point of view in which the narrator is outside the story and reveals the thoughts of only one character, who is referred to as "he" or "she."3
10500035261Tonethe writer's or speaker's attitude toward the subject of a story/poem, toward a character, or toward the audience (the readers).4
10500035262Total Meaningthe total experience communicated by a poem5
10500035263Tragedydrama in which the protagonist is overcome by some superior force or circumstance6
10500035264Trimetera metrical line containing three feet7
10500035265Triple Metera meter in which a majority of the feet contain three syllables8
10500035266Trochaic metera meter in which the majority of feet are trochees9
10500035267Trocheea metrical unit consisting of one accented syllable followed by one unaccented syllable10
10500035268Truncationomission of an unaccented syllable at either end of a line11
10500035269Understatementa figure of speech that consists of saying less than one means, or of saying what one means with less force than the occasion warrants12
10500035270Unhappy endingan ending that turns out unhappily for a sympathetic protagonist13
10500035271VerseMetrical language14
10500035272Villanellea nineteen-line poem divided into five tercets and a final quatrain15
10500035273Theater in the RoundThe presentation of plays on a stage surrounded by the audience.16
10500035274Theater of CrueltyDrama that subordinates words to action, gesture, and sound in an effort to overwhelm the spectators and liberate their instinctual preoccupations with crime, cruelty, and eroticism.17
10500035275Theater of the AbsurdAn Avant-garde kind of drama that represents the absurdity of the human condition by abandoning rational devices and realistic form.18
10500035276Tragedy of BloodIt works out the theme of revenge and retribution through murder, assassination, mutilation, and carnage.19
10500035277Tragic FlawThe theory that there is a flaw, error, or defect in the tragic hero that is the cause of his or her downfall.20
10500035278TragicomedyA play that employs a plot suitable to tragedy but ends happily, like a comedy.21
10500035279TranscendentalismA reliance on the intuition and the conscience, a form of idealism; a philosophical romanticism reaching America a generation or two after it developed in Europe.22
10500035280VerisimilitudeThe semblance of truth. The term has been used in criticism to indicate the degree to which a writer faithfully creates the appearance or semblance of the truth.23
10500035281VoltaA shift, a turn in thought: from question to answer, problem to solution.24
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