Chapter 12 B.F. Skinner Flashcards
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| 13762278298 | Behaviorism | the view that psychology should be an objective science that studies behavior without reference to mental processes | 0 | |
| 13762283728 | What is the driving force of behaviorism | the environment | 1 | |
| 13762290488 | Internal forces can be measured | false | 2 | |
| 13762299380 | Two types of behavior | Respondents and operants | 3 | |
| 13762305728 | Respondent | Reflexes (S-R) Pavlovian (S-S) Extinction (unlearning) | 4 | |
| 13762347709 | Operant | Active learning (R-S) Reciprocal nature with environment (two kinds) | 5 | |
| 13762368715 | Two forms of reciprocal nature with environment | reinforcement and punishment | 6 | |
| 13762375403 | How were his parents | strict | 7 | |
| 13762384759 | How was Skinner's childhood | Fear of punishment (God, the law, others reactions) Interest in machinery Had many pets | 8 | |
| 13762400269 | What was associated with his identity crisis | Lost in career Lost in love Devoted to science | 9 | |
| 13762405246 | Pioneer in school of | behaviorism | 10 | |
| 13762419832 | Classification of operant learning | reinforcement and punishment | 11 | |
| 13762431535 | Reinforcement | strengthens behavior | 12 | |
| 13762431536 | punishment | weakens behavior | 13 | |
| 13762442903 | Positive reinforcement | Increasing behaviors by presenting positive stimuli, such as food | 14 | |
| 13762447850 | Negative reinforcement | Increasing behaviors by stopping or reducing negative stimuli, such as shock. A negative reinforcer is any stimulus that, when removed after a response, strengthens the response. (Note: negative reinforcement is not punishment.) | 15 | |
| 13762456675 | Positive punishment | addition of something unpleasant | 16 | |
| 13762464557 | Negative punishment | the removal of a stimulus following a given behavior in order to decrease the frequency of that behavior | 17 | |
| 13762480303 | positive and negative reinforcers can be | Primary: biologically driven Secondary: psychologically driven | 18 | |
| 13762496029 | Primary | Very effective, lose strength over time | 19 | |
| 13762501186 | Secondary | Weaker, can be used more over time | 20 | |
| 13762512214 | Lack of reinforcement with behavior will produce | Extinction (like classical conditioning) | 21 | |
| 13762524873 | Steps of reinforcement | Shaping Chaining | 22 | |
| 13762524874 | Shaping | gradual reinforcement to gain desired behavior | 23 | |
| 13762549506 | Chaining | multiple series of behavior become functional units | 24 | |
| 13762581077 | Immediate vs delayed reinforcement (initial) | Animals: closer to consequences to reward, more likely reinforcement will occur Humans: more likely to respond to delayed reinforcement | 25 | |
| 13762598200 | Schedules of reinforcement | Fixed-ratio schedules Variable-ratio schedules Fixed-interval schedules Variable-interval schedules | 26 | |
| 13762616581 | Fixed-ratio schedule | in operant conditioning, a schedule of reinforcement that reinforces a response only after a SPECIFIED NUMBER of responses | 27 | |
| 13762632962 | Variable-ratio schedule | in operant conditioning, a schedule of reinforcement that reinforces a response after an UNPREDICTED NUMBER of responses | 28 | |
| 13762641972 | Fixed-interval schedule | In operant conditioning, a schedule of reinforcement that reinforces a response ONLY AFTER A SPECIFIED TIME HAS ELAPSED | 29 | |
| 13762660314 | Variable-interval schedule | in operant conditioning, a schedule of reinforcement that reinforces a response at UNPREDICTED TIME INTERVALS | 30 | |
| 13762673461 | Behavioral characteristics | Superstition Creativity Neuroticism Helplessness | 31 | |
| 13762699865 | Types of behavioral modification | Self-control Control of others | 32 | |
| 13762704533 | Self-control | Stimulus avoidance Self-administered satiation Aversive stimulation technique Self-reinforcement | 33 | |
| 13762717379 | Control of others | Applied behavioral analysis Token economy | 34 | |
| 13764321401 | Token economy | Constant good behavior (green stars), kid gets prize | 35 | |
| 13762916428 | free will vs determinism | determinism | 36 | |
| 13762916429 | nature vs nurture | nurture | 37 | |
| 13762920484 | past vs present | both | 38 | |
| 13762925388 | uniqueness vs universality | uniqueness | 39 | |
| 13762944233 | equilibrium vs growth | both | 40 | |
| 13762969915 | optimism vs pessimism | optimism | 41 | |
| 13763004059 | Assessment of Skinner must be | meaasurable | 42 | |
| 13763004060 | Functional analysis (ABCs) | A- antecedent, unwanted behavior, influenced behavior B- target behavior, therapist is trying to get rid of (get measured) C- consequences, what can happen after the behavior | 43 | |
| 13763024249 | Assessment techniques | Direct observation Self reports (sign vs sample) Physiological correlates Neurological correlates (post skinner) | 44 | |
| 13763046113 | sign-versus-sample approach | The sign approach is used to assess personality while the sample approach is used to assess behavior | 45 | |
| 13764358285 | sign-versus-sample example | Sign: response "I'm fine" Sample: gives example what happened | 46 | |
| 13764405448 | Reverse experimental design | A: control B: Treatment or change in environment A: Control B: Treatment of change in environment (twice bc normal behavior should go back, see if behavior returns) | 47 | |
| 13764432848 | independent variable | environment | 48 | |
| 13764439123 | dependent variable | behavior | 49 | |
| 13764450136 | Instinctive drift | environment and genetics change so Skinners results with animals are different than what they are now | 50 |
Ap Flashcards
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| 10502746844 | Kalamidad | Ay itinuturing na mga pangyayaring nagdudulot ng malaking pinsala sa kapaligiran , ari-arian, kalusugan, at buhay ng mga tao sa lipunan. | 0 | |
| 10502746845 | El Niño | Kakaibang panahon bunga ng pag iinit ng katubigan ng karagatan pasipiko | 1 | |
| 10502746846 | La Niña | Pagkakaroon ng matagal na tagulan ng magiging sanhi ng pagbaha | 2 | |
| 10502746847 | Landslide | Maari itong maganap kapag may malakas o tuloy tuloy ng pag ulan sa matataas na lugar, pag putok ng bulkan o paglindol | 3 | |
| 10502746848 | DENR | Department of Environment and Natural Resources | 4 | |
| 10502746849 | Geohazard map | Tinutukoy nito sa pinakamadaling paraan ang mga lugar na madaling tamaan ng mga sakura o kalamidad | 5 | |
| 10502746850 | NDRRMC | National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council | 6 | |
| 10502746851 | PAGASA | Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical Astronomical Services Administration | 7 | |
| 10502746852 | DOST | Department of Science and Technology | 8 | |
| 10502746867 | climate change | Nagdudulot ito ng mga kalamidad tulad ng heatwave, tagtuyot, matinding bagyo, baha na nagiging sanhi ng pagkakasakit o pag kawala ng buhay at pagkasira ng ating ecosystem | 9 | |
| 10502746853 | PHIVOLCS | Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology | 10 | |
| 10502746854 | DRM | Disaster risk mitigation | 11 | |
| 10502746855 | DSWD | Department of Social Welfare and Development | 12 | |
| 10502746856 | DILG | Department of Interior and Local Government | 13 | |
| 10502746857 | KIPL | Kagawaran ng interyor at pamahalaang lokal | 14 | |
| 10502746858 | MMDA | Metropolitan Manila Development Authority | 15 | |
| 10502746859 | PPKM | Pangasiwaan sa pagpapaunlad ng kalakhang maynila | 16 | |
| 10502746860 | KEd | Kagawaran ng edukasyon | 17 | |
| 10502746861 | KNKL | Kagawaran ng kalusugan | 18 | |
| 10502746862 | KPBL | Kagawaran ng pagawaing bayan at lansangan | 19 | |
| 10502746863 | KTP | Kagawaran ng taggulang pambansa | 20 | |
| 10502746864 | DND | Department of national defense | 21 | |
| 10502746865 | KKLK | Kagawaran ng kapaligiran at likas na kayamanan | 22 | |
| 10502746866 | NGO | Non government organization | 23 | |
| 10502770757 | unemployment | O kawalan ng trabaho ng mga taong may wastong galing at may mabuting pangangatwiran. Bunga ng kawalan ng oportunidad o pagkakataong makahanap ng trabahong ayon sa kakayahan | 24 | |
| 10503703017 | labor force | Lakas paggawa. 15-18 pataas, full time/part time | 25 | |
| 10503703018 | Yamang tao | Ay isa sa mga yaman ng isang bansa na tumutugon sa pagbuo, paggawa at pagbibigay ng produkto o serbisyo sa bansa o sa mga bansang nangangailangan ng serbisyo | 26 | |
| 10503703019 | labor participation rate | Ang tawag sa bahagi ng populasyon na may edad 18 pataas | 27 | |
| 10503703020 | PSA | 15 pataas ay mahigpit 61 milyon at ang nagtatrabaho ay 38 milyon lamang | 28 | |
| 10503703021 | total population | 97.6 million | 29 |
Flashcards
Flashcards
Flashcards
AP language & Composition Term list #3 Flashcards
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| 11402425164 | Antimetabole | Repetition of words in reverse order Example: Ask not what your country can do for you--ask what you can do for your country. |  | 0 |
| 11402425165 | archaic diction | old-fashioned or outdated choice of words Ex: beliefs for which our forebears fought |  | 1 |
| 11402425166 | asyndeton | Omission of conjunctions between coordinate phrases, clause, or words | 2 | |
| 11402425167 | hortative sentence | Sentence that exhorts, urges, entreats, or implores (a call to action). |  | 3 |
| 11402425168 | imperative sentence | sentence used to command or enjoin Ex: My fellow citizens of the world; ask not what America will do for you, but what together we can do for the freedom of man |  | 4 |
| 11402425169 | juxtaposition | placement of two things closely together to emphasize similarities of differences EX: We are the heirs of that first revolution. let the word go forth... that the torch has been passed to a new generation of americans--born in this century |  | 5 |
| 11402425170 | Oxymoron | Paradoxical juxtaposition of words that seem to contradict one another |  | 6 |
| 11402425171 | rhetorical question | figure of speech in the form of a question posed for rhetorical effect, rather than to be answered. | 7 | |
| 11402425172 | Synecdoche | Figure of speech that uses a part to present the whole. EX: In your hands, my fellow citizens, more than mine, will rest the final success or failure of our course |  | 8 |
| 11402425173 | Zeugma | Use of two different words in a grammatically similar way that introduces different, often incongruous meanings. |  | 9 |
| 11402425174 | Refutation | A denial of the validity of an opposing argument. In order to sound reasonable, refutations often follow a concession that acknowledges that an opposing argument may be true or reasonable EX: Lou Gehrig refutes that his bad break is a cause for discouragement by saying that the he "has an awful lot to live for" |  | 10 |
| 11402425175 | Occasion | The time and place a speech is given or a piece is written EX: In the cause of Gehrig's speech the occasion is Lou Gehrig Appreciation Day. More specifically, his moment comes at home plate between games of a doubleheader. |  | 11 |
| 11402425176 | Counterargument | An opposing argument or statement to the one a writer is putting forward. Rather than ignoring a counterargument, a strong writer will usually address it through the process of concession and refutation. EX: Some of Lou Gehrig's listeners might have argued that his bad break was a close for discouragement or despair. |  | 12 |
| 11402425177 | Context | The circumstances, atmosphere, attitudes, and events surrounding a text. EX: The context for Lou Gehrig's speech is the recent announcement of his illness and his subsequent retirement, but also the poignant contrast between his potent career and his debilitating disease. |  | 13 |
Flashcards
Flashcards
Coding-chapter 15 Flashcards
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| 7222831276 | Uniform hospital discharge data set (UHDDS) | A standard data set adopted by the federal government for collection of data for Medicare and Medicaid. | 0 | |
| 7222831277 | Coding | Converting verbal or written descriptions into numerical and alphanumerical designations. he most impor- tant factor in coding is the accuracy of the codes. | 1 | |
| 7222831278 | Medical coding | The translation of medical terms for diagno- ses and procedures into code numbers selected from standard- ized code sets. | 2 | |
| 7222831279 | Chief Complaint (CC) | A description of a patient's medical problem that the patient reports to the physician. | 3 | |
| 7222831280 | Etiology is | The cause of a disorder. A claim is sometimes classified according to its etiology. | 4 | |
| 7222831281 | Coding for coverage | Changing a code to match what the insurance company will pay for, rather than to accurately reflect the procedure that was performed. | 5 | |
| 7222831282 | Level I codes | These codes repeat the CPT's five-number codes for physician procedures and services. | 6 | |
| 7222831283 | Level II codes | These codes consist of more than 2400 five- digit alphanumerical codes for items that are not listed in CPT-4. Most of these items are supplies, materials, or injec- tions that are covered by Medicare. Level II codes start with a letter followed by four digits, such as J7630. here are 18 sec- tions, each covering a related group of items. | 7 | |
| 7222831284 | Level III codes | Commonly called local carrier codes, these codes are created and used only by the insurance companies that process Medicare for HCFA in the various geographical regions they are assigned. | 8 | |
| 7222831285 | Fraud | An act of deception used to take advantage of another person or entity. Claims fraud occurs when physi- cians or others falsely represent services or charges to payers. | 9 | |
| 7222831286 | Evaluation and Management codes | 99201-99499 | 10 | |
| 7222831287 | Anesthesia codes | 00100-01999; 99100-99150 | 11 | |
| 7222831288 | Surgery codes | 10021- 69990 | 12 | |
| 7222831289 | Radiology codes | 70010 -79999 | 13 | |
| 7222831290 | Pathology and Laboratory | 80047-89398 | 14 | |
| 7222831291 | Medicine | 90281-99099; 99151-99199; 99500-99607 | 15 | |
| 7222831292 | Category II Codes | 0001F-7025F | 16 | |
| 7225603129 | CPT | Current Procedural Terminology, Procedure codes | 17 | |
| 7225608803 | Main Text (Tabular List) | Six sections (1) evaluation and management, (2) anesthesia, (3) surgery for all body systems, (4) radiology, (5) pathology and laboratory, and (6) medicine. | 18 | |
| 7225677549 | CPT codes | five-digit numbers | 19 | |
| 7225679288 | CPT manual | Alphabetic Index Tabular List | 20 | |
| 7225685457 | Bullet point (•) | new procedure code | 21 | |
| 7225688089 | Triangle (symbol) | change in the code's description | 22 | |
| 7225691125 | Plus sign (+) | add-on codes addition to another procedure | 23 | |
| 7225694124 | Arrow (➔) | with a circle around it refers to the CPT Assistant | 24 | |
| 7225695816 | Asterisk (*) | surgical procedure only | 25 | |
| 7225700921 | Facing triangles | placed at the beginning and end of new or revised information | 26 | |
| 7225707417 | Semicolon ( ; ) | everything to its left is applicable to indented shorter descriptions that follow. | 27 | |
| 7225710615 | circle with a line | modifier -51 is not assigned to the code and the procedures are not add-on procedures. | 28 | |
| 7225712871 | lightning bolt | product is pending FDA approval. | 29 | |
| 7225715805 | dot surrounded by a circle | denotes moderate sedation | 30 | |
| 7225721452 | Code linkage | connection between the diagnostic and procedural information on a health-care claim | 31 | |
| 7225723507 | Upcoding | Using a code on a claim form that indicates a higher level of service than that which was actually performed. | 32 | |
| 7225727375 | Double billing | Submitting two claims for one encounter | 33 | |
| 7225729557 | Correct Coding Initiative (CCI) | A computerized system used by Medicare to prevent overpayment for procedures. | 34 | |
| 7225732482 | Mutually exclusive codes | Codes that are identified in the coding book as not permitted to be used on the same claim form with other specified codes | 35 | |
| 7225967365 | Certain Infectious and Parasitic Diseases ICD-10-CM | A00-B99 ICD-9-CM 001-139 | 36 | |
| 7225975319 | Neoplasms ICD-10-CM | C00-D49 ICD-9-CM 140-239 | 37 | |
| 7225984553 | Diseases of the Blood and Blood-Forming Organs and Certain Disorders Involving the Immune Mechanism ICD-10-CM | D50-D89 ICD-9-CM 208-289 | 38 | |
| 7225992204 | Endocrine, Nutritional, and Metabolic Diseases ICD-10-CM | E00-E89 | 39 | |
| 7225998544 | Mental and Behavioral Disorders ICD-10-CM | F01-F99 ICD-9-CM 290-319 | 40 | |
| 7226004757 | Diseases of the nervous system ICD-10-CM | G00-G99 IDC-9-CM 320-389 | 41 | |
| 7226012527 | Diseases of the Eye and Adnexa ICD-10-CM | H00-H59 | 42 | |
| 7226016360 | Diseases of the Ear and Mastoid Process ICD-10-CM | H60-H95 | 43 | |
| 7226021689 | Diseases of the circulatory system | 100-199 ICD-9-CM 390-459 | 44 | |
| 7226027885 | Diseases of the Respiratory system ICD-10-CM | J00-J99 ICD-9-CM 460-519 | 45 | |
| 7226030253 | Diseases of the Digestive system ICD-10-CM | K00-K94 ICD-9-CM520-579 | 46 |
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