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AP Literature Terms 1 Flashcards

7419552161	Illusion	A reference to history, the Bible, art, or literature	0
7419552162	Appositive	A noun or pronoun which explains a noun or pronoun	1
7419552163	Allegory	A tale, inverse, or prose in which the characters represent abstract ideas or moral qualities	2
7419552164	Alliteration	Repetition of initial constants	3
7419552165	Analogy	A comparison between two objects for a purpose of showing similarities	4
7419552166	Anapest	Poetic foot of two unstressed and one stressed	5
7419552167	Antagonist	The person/thing who faces the protagonist and creates a conflict	6
7419552168	Antithesis	Balancing of two contrasting thoughts, words, or phrases	7
7419552169	Apostrophe	Poetic device in which the writer directly addresses a person, place, or thing as if it were present (ex. Hamlet antagonist addresses England)	8
7435811335	Aside	A speech in a play intended for the audience and not for the characters	9
7435811336	Assonance	Repetition of vowel sounds	10
7435811337	Ballad	A poem that tells a story; comes in four line stanzas where the second and fourth lines rhyme (literary and folk)	11
7435811338	Caesura	A break or pause in a line of poetry	12
7435811339	Canto	Section or division of a poem	13
7435811340	Blank verse	Poetic lines of unrhymed iambic pentameter	14

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AP Literature Vocabulary #4 Flashcards

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10658064895	Incognito	Disguised	0
10658081330	Clairvoyant	A psychic	1
10658086991	Panacea	A cure all	2
10658105517	Malingerer	One who feigns illness	3
10658107801	Gape	To stare (openly)	4
10658112552	Gist	Real meaning	5
10658116525	Fissure	Narrow openining	6
10658121729	Sepulcher	Tomb	7
10658123945	Affluent	Wealthy	8
10658126091	Taut	Tight	9

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AP Literature 1st Semester Flashcards

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5726716255	Metaphor	Direct comparison of 2 different things	0
5726719377	Personification	Endowing non human objects or creatures with human qualities or characteristics	1
5726719378	Understatement	The deliberate representation of something as lesser in magnitude than it actually is	2
5726722418	Oxymoron	Expression in which 2 words that contradict each other are joined	3
5726722419	Allusion	A reference to something literary, mythological, or historical that the author assumes the reader will recognize	4
5726729146	Superstitious	of or relating to fear or misunderstanding	5
5726729147	Pessimistic	inclination to emphasize adverse aspects, conditions, or possibilities	6
5726769380	Meticulous	marked by extreme or excessive care in consideration or treatment of details	7
5726769381	Idealistic	unrealistically aiming for perfection	8
5726772854	Cordiality	sincere affection or kindness	9
5726772855	Bohemian	a person living in a unconventional lifestyle	10
5726777021	Benevolent	organized for the purpose of doing good	11
5726777022	Fickle	marked by lack of steadfastness, constancy, or stability	12
5726782076	Rhyme Scheme	the arrangement of rhyme in a stanza or poem	13
5726782077	Winnowing	to remove by a current of air	14
5726788968	Penetrating	entering piercing, or pervading	15
5726788969	Sifting	examine thoroughly so as to isolate that which is most important/useful	16
5726788970	Diluting	diminish strength, make thin	17
5726794638	Invigorating	making one feel strong/healthy, full of energy	18
5726794639	Parody	A humorous imitation of a serious work	19
5726797716	Allegory	A literary work in which characters, objects, or actions represent abstractions	20
5726801114	Biblical Allusion	quick, indirect reference to something in the Bible	21
5726804877	Classical/Historical Allusion	allusion to a historical event	22
5726821216	Romantic	A term describing a character or literary work that reflects the characteristics of romanticism(literary movement beginning of 18th century- emotion, imagination, and individualism	23
5726824835	Spellbound	hold the complete attention of someone as though by spell	24
5726824836	Eccentric	unconventional, slightly strange	25
5726827351	Opulence	great wealth, luxuriousness	26
5726827352	Euphemism	An indirect, less offensive way of saying something that is considered unpleasant	27
5726834275	Apostrophe	A figure of speech in which one directly addresses an absent or imaginary person	28
5726840043	Assonance	in poetry, repetition of a vowel in non rhyming stressed syllables near enough to each other for the echo to be discernible	29
5726845193	Hyperbole	Intentional exaggeration to create an effect	30
5726849253	Sestina	6 stanzas of 6 lines followed by 3 lined conclusion, requires strict pattern of repetition of 6 key words that end lines of the first stanza	31
5726871387	Shakespearean Sonnet	14 lines of emotion/articulation; 3, 4 lines quatrains and a 2 line couplet	32
5726876796	Italian (Petrarchan) Sonnet	14 lines of emotion/articulation; 8 line octave, 6 line sestet	33
5726876797	Ode	long, stately poem in stanzas of varied length, meter, and form	34
5726876814	Ballad	repeated lines/stanzas, swift action, surprise ending, extraordinary events, simple language	35
5726884188	Contemplative	expressing or involving prolonged thought	36
5726884189	Laudatory	expressing praise and commendation	37
5726888312	Apologetic	regretfully acknowledging or excusing on an offense or failure	38
5726888313	Ironic	The use of words to convey the opposite of their literal meaning; or, incongruity between what is expected and what actually occurs	39
5726891653	Superficially	as to the outward appearance only on the fair/impartial surface	40
5726894347	Evenhanded	fair, impartial	41
5726899130	Surreptitiously	done, made, or acquired by stealth	42
5726905682	Painstaking	done with or employing great care and thoroughness	43
5726908507	Instantaneous	occurring/done in an instant	44
5726908508	Transgression	an act, process, or instance of violating law or going beyond boundaries	45
5726917595	Alliteration	The repetition of initial sounds in successive or neighboring words	46
5726921323	Consonance	harmony or agreement among components	47
5726931379	Internal Rhyme	a rhyme involving a word in the middle of a line and another at the end of the line or middle of the next	48
5726935558	Iambic Meter	Pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in poetry	49
5726935559	Admonition	authoritative counsel/warning	50
5726939510	Eulogy	A formal speech praising someone who has died	51
5726939511	Parable	a simple story used tell a moral or spiritual lesson	52
5726945062	Reminiscence	a story told about a past event remembered by the narrator	53
5726953877	Raconteur	a person who excels in telling anecdotes	54
5727069325	Sanctimonious	hypocritically pious or devout	55
5727073528	Advocate	publicly support or recommend a particular cause or policy	56
5727077025	Satirist	One who uses humor to emphasize human weakness or imperfections in social institutions	57
5727077026	Aside	When a character talks directly to the audience to inform them of something the characters do not know	58
5727080873	Paucity	smallness of quality/number	59
5727084632	Veracity	conformity to facts, accuracy	60
5727087758	Counterintuitive	contrary to intuition or to common sense expectation	61
5727101793	Recluse	a person who lives a solitary life and tends to avoid other people	62
5727110913	Thwarted	to oppose successfully	63
5727125738	Wayfarer	a traveler on foot	64
5727129117	Sinister	giving the impression that something harmful/evil is happening or will happen	65
5727129118	Tyrant	a cruel, oppressive leader	66
5727129119	Abject	cast down in spirit; sunk	67
5727134496	Wry	to pull out of proper shape	68
5727138443	Aversion	turning away	69
5727141903	Gothic	characterized by elements of fear, gloom, death, nature, individuality, emotion	70
5727141904	Pastoral	work of literature portraying an idealized version of country life	71
5727145476	Surrealism	An artistic movement emphasizing the imagination and characterized by incongruous juxtapositions & lack of conscious control	72
5727145477	Naturalism	a style of representation based on the accurate depiction of detail	73
5727148892	Classicism	following ancient Greek/Roman principles of harmony, restraint	74

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AP US History period 3 Flashcards

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11369029517	The French and Indian War	1754-1763 War between French and British in American colonies part of 7 years	0
11369029518	The Proclamation of 1763	Line drawn by British Parliament, colonists not allowed to settle past Appalachian mountains	1
11369029519	Stamp Act	1765 direct tax on a stamp that must be put on paper, office documents, etc.	2
11369029520	The Coercive Acts	punitive acts applied to Massachusetts in retaliation for the Boston Tea Party; referred to by colonists as the Intolerable Acts	3
11369029521	Common Sense	1776: a pamphlet written by Thomas Paine that claimed the colonies had a right to be an independent nation	4
11369029522	The Declaration Of Independence	1776 statement, issued by the Second Continental Congress, explaining why the colonies wanted independence from Britain.	5
11369029523	Battle of Saratoga	American victory over British troops in 1777 that was a turning point in the American Revolution.	6
11369029524	French American Alliance	pact signed by the Americans and the French after the Battle of Saratoga, paving the way for French support of the colonial war for independence and binding the two countries together long-term	7
11369029525	Treaty of Paris	1783 treaty ending the Revolutionary War	8
11369029526	Articles of confederation	first government of the United States; extremely weak government that gave most of the power to states	9
11369029527	The Northwest Ordinance of 1787	a law that established a procedure for the admission of new states to the Union and set the boundary for slavery at the Ohio River	10
11369029528	Shay's Rebellion	A 1787 rebellion in which ex-Revolutionary War soldiers attempted to prevent foreclosures of farms as a result of high interest rates and taxes	11
11369029529	The Constitution	document which spells out the principles by which the US government runs and the fundamental laws that govern society	12
11369029530	The Great Compromise	a compromise between the New Jersey and Virginia plans that created the Senate and the House of Representatives; each state received equal number of senators, states received representatives based on population	13
11369029531	The Three-Fifths compromise	Agreement at the creation of the Constitution that each slave counted as three-fifths of a person in determining representation in the House for representation and taxation purposes	14
11369029532	The Federalists papers	This collection of essays by John Jay, Alexander Hamilton, and James Madison; explained the importance of a strong central government; published to convince New York to ratify the Constitution	15
11369029533	Federalists	Supported the ratification of the Constitution and a strong federal government	16
11369029534	Anti-federalists	early opponents of the Constitution during the period of ratification; opposed the Constitution's powerful centralized government, arguing that the Constitution gave too much political, economic, and military control	17
11369029535	The Bill of rights	First ten amendments to the Constitution, drafted by Madison, created limitations on government and protects natural rights.	18
11369029536	Alexander Hamilton	1789-1795; First Secretary of the Treasury. He advocated creation of a national bank, assumption of state debts by the federal government, and a tariff system to pay off the national debt; strong federalist	19
11369029537	Washington's farewell address	He warned against the dangers of political parties and foreign alliances.	20
11369029538	XYZ Affair	A 1797 incident in which French officials demanded a bribe from U.S. diplomats	21
11369029539	Alien and Sedition Acts	Series of four laws enacted in 1798 to reduce the political power of recent immigrants and limit political opposition to the federalists	22
11369029540	Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions	Republican documents that argued that the Alien and Sedition Acts were unconstitutional; claimed that states have the authority to nullify federal laws	23
11369029541	Enlightenment	A philosophical movement which started in Europe in the 1700's and spread to the colonies. It emphasized reason and the scientific method. Writers of the enlightenment tended to focus on government, ethics, and science, rather than on imagination, emotions, or religion. Many members of the Enlightenment rejected traditional religious beliefs in favor of Deism, which holds that the world is run by natural laws without the direct intervention of God.	24
11369029542	John Locke	English philosopher who advocated the idea of a "social contract" in which government powers are derived from the consent of the governed and in which the government serves the people; also said people have natural rights to life, liberty and property.	25
11369029543	George Whitefield	Christian preacher whose tour of the English colonies attracted big crowds; prominent preacher during the First Great Awakening	26
11369029544	First Great Awakening	Religious revival in the colonies in 1730s and 1740s; George Whitefield and Jonathan Edwards preached a message of atonement for sins by admitting them to God; the movement attempted to combat the growing secularism and rationalism of mid-eighteenth century America	27
11369029545	Pietism	A Christian revival moment characterized by Bible study, the conversion experience, and the individual's personal relationship with God. It began as an effort to reform the German Lutheran Church in the mid-seventeenth century and became widely influential in Britain and its colonies in the eighteenth century.	28
11369029546	Ben Franklin	A delegate from Pennsylvania and proposed the "Albany Plan of the Union" as a way to strengthen colonies.	29
11369029547	Abolition	The movement to make slavery and the slave trade illegal; begun by Quakers in England in the 1780s	30
11369029548	representation	A basic principle of traditional democratic theory that describes the relationship between the few leaders and the many followers	31
11369029549	Sugar Act of 1764	An act that raised tax revenue in the colonies for the crown. It also increased the duty on foreign sugar imported from the West Indies.	32
11369029550	Vice-Admiralty Courts	In these courts, British judges tried colonials in trials with no juries.	33
11369029551	Virtual Representation	The political theory that a class of persons is represented in a lawmaking body without direct vote.	34
11369029552	Quartering Act of 1765	Act forcing colonists to house and supply British forces in the colonies; created more resentment; seen as assault on liberties.	35
11369029553	English Common Law	The centuries-old body of legal rules and procedures that protected the lives and property of the British monarch's subjects.	36
11369029554	Declaratory Act	Act passed in 1766 after the repeal of the Stamp Act; stated that Parliament had authority over the the colonies and the right to tax and pass legislation "in all cases whatsoever."	37
11369029555	Townshend Acts	A tax that the British Parliament passed in 1767 that was placed on lead, glass, paint, and tea	38
11369029556	Popular Sovereignty	A belief that ultimate power resides in the people.	39
11369029557	Thomas Jefferson	Wrote the Declaration of Independence; 3rd President of the United States	40
11369029558	Second Continental Congress (1775)	Managed the colonial war effort, and moved incrementally towards independence - finally adopting the Declaration of Independence in 1776.	41
11369029559	Sons of Liberty	A radical political organization for colonial independence which formed in 1765 after the passage of the Stamp Act. They incited riots and burned the customs houses where the stamped British paper was kept. After the repeal of the Stamp Act, many of the local chapters formed the Committees of Correspondence which continued to promote opposition to British policies towards the colonies. Leaders included Samuel Adams and Paul Revere.	42
11369029560	Patriots	(also known as Revolutionaries, Continentals, Rebels, or American Whigs) were those colonists of the Thirteen Colonies who rejected British rule during the American Revolution and declared the United States of America as an independent nation in July 1776.	43
11369029561	Tories/Loyalists	Colonists who favored remaining under British control	44
11369029562	Constitutional Convention	A meeting in Philadelphia in 1787 that produced a new constitution	45
11369029563	Republican Motherhood	The idea that American women had a special responsibility to cultivate "civic virtue" in their children	46
11369029564	American System	Economic program advanced by Henry Clay that included support for a national bank, high tariffs, and internal improvements; emphasized strong role for federal government in the economy.	47
11369029565	War of 1812	A war (1812-1814) between the United States and England; reaction to British impressment of American sailors and interference with American trade	48
11369029566	John Marshall	American jurist and politician who served as the chief justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (1801-1835) and helped establish the practice of judicial review.	49
11369029567	Louisiana Purchase	territory in western United States purchased from France in 1803 for $15 million	50
11369029568	Pinckney's Treaty (1795)	This treaty between the U.S. and Spain which gave the U.S. the right to transport goods on the Mississippi River and to store goods in the Spanish port of New Orleans	51
11369029569	Quasi War (1798-1800)	undeclared war fought mostly at sea between the French Republic and the United States, caused by the signing of Jay's Treaty between the UK and the US	52
11369029570	Jay's Treaty	Treaty signed in 1794 between the U.S. and Britain; intended to strengthen trade relations between the US and Britain; British agreed to abandon outposts in the Northwest Territory but would not guarantee the non-impressment of American sailors	53
11369029571	Northwest Ordinance	a law passed by Congress in 1787 that specified how western lands would be integrated into the Union	54
11369029572	Treaty of Ghent (1814)	Ended the War of 1812 with Britain confirming the sovereignty of the new nation	55
11369029573	Embargo Act of 1807	restrictions on trade with Britain and France intended to induce both nations to cease impressing American citizens; inflicted economic harm on the US	56
11369029574	Gaspee Affair	Rhode Island colonists boarded the HMS Gaspee, a British ship, looted it, then burned and sank it in 1772.	57
11369029575	British Southern Strategy	1778-79; British campaign to take over the Southern colonies and build support amongst Loyalists and foment rebellion within the slave population	58
11369029576	Revolution of 1800	Electoral victory of Democratic Republicans over the Federalists, who lost their Congressional majority and the presidency. The peaceful transfer of power between rival parties solidified faith in America's political system.	59
11369029577	Barbary Wars (1801-1805)	President Thomas Jefferson's refusal to pay tribute to protect American ships from the Barbary pirates off the Mediterranean coast of Africa sparked an undeclared naval war with North African nations that lasted from 1801 to 1805.	60
11369029578	Missouri Compromise of 1820	Allowed Missouri to enter the union as a slave state, Maine to enter the union as a free state, prohibited slavery north of latitude 36˚ 30' within the Louisiana Territory (1820)	61

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11927569162	Annexation	Legally adding land area to a city in the United States	0
11927594626	anocracy	A country that is not fully democratic or fully autocratic, but rather displays a mix of the two types.	1
11927679105	Autocracy	a system of government by one person with absolute power.	2
11927702869	Autonomous region	a political unit with limited self-government	3
11927718092	Balance of Power	Condition of roughly equal strength between opposing countries or alliances of countries.	4
11927737378	Balkanization	Process by which a state breaks down through conflicts among its ethnicities	5
11927759948	Berlin Conference	A meeting from 1884-1885 at which representatives of European nations agreed on rules colonization of Africa	6
11927796649	boundary	invisible line that marks the extent of a state's territory	7
11927817116	city-state	A sovereign state comprising a city and its immediate hinterland.	8
11927821055	centripetal force	An attitude that tends to unify people and enhance support for a state	9
11927828933	centrifugal force	a force that divides people and countries	10
11927828934	Cold War	A conflict that was between the US and the Soviet Union. The nations never directly confronted each other on the battlefield but deadly threats went on for years.	11
11927833468	Colonialism	Attempt by one country to establish settlements and to impose its political, economic, and cultural principles in another territory.	12
11927838772	colony	A territory that is legally tied to a sovereign state rather than completely independent.	13
11927844747	compact state	A state in which the distance from the center to any boundary does not vary significantly.	14
11927844796	Democracy	A political system in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens who can elect people to represent them	15
11927848601	Elongated State	A state whose territory is long and narrow in shape.	16
11928019381	European Union	An international organization of European countries formed after World War II to reduce trade barriers and increase cooperation among its members.	17
11928019383	Federal State	An internal organization of a state that allocates most powers to units of local government.	18
11928022875	fragmented state	A state that includes several discontinuous pieces of territory.	19
11928028174	frontier	A zone separating two states in which neither state exercises political control.	20
11928028175	Gerrymandering	Process of redrawing legislative boundaries for the purpose of benefiting the party in power.	21
11928122053	Landlocked State	A state that does not have a direct outlet to the sea.	22
11928127158	Micro state	A state that encompasses a very small land area.	23
11928131722	Multiethnic state	A state that contains more than one ethnicity	24
11928131723	multinational state	State that contains two or more ethnic groups with traditions of self-determination that agree to coexist peacefully by recognizing each other as distinct nationalities.	25
11928805472	multistate nation	nation that stretches across borders and across states	26
11928805473	Nation	a politically organized body of people under a single government	27
11928810592	nation-state	A state whose territory corresponds to that occupied by a particular ethnicity that has been transformed into a nationality	28
11928814379	Nationalism	A strong feeling of pride in and devotion to one's country	29
11928823339	Perforated State	a state that completely surrounds another one	30
11928826795	Proupted state	an otherwise compact state with a large projecting extension	31
11928830162	Satellite State	independent nation under the control of a more powerful nation	32
11928833599	Self-determination	Concept that ethnicities have the right to govern themselves	33
11928839021	Shatterbelt	a region caught between stronger colliding external cultural-political forces, under persistent stress, and often fragmented by aggressive rivals (e.g., Israel or Kashmir today; Eastern Europe during the Cold War,...).	34
11928844176	Sovereignty	Ability of a state to govern its territory free from control of its internal affairs by other states.	35
11928844177	State	An area organized into a political unit and ruled by an established government with control over its internal and foreign affairs.	36
11928849659	stateless nation	A nationality that is not represented by a state.	37
11928854197	Terrorism	Acts of violence designed to promote a specific ideology or agenda by creating panic among an enemy population	38
11928858275	Unitary State	An internal organization of a state that places most power in the hands of central government officials	39
11928858276	Untied Nations	an international organization whose goals are to facilitate cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress, human rights, and the achieving of world peace. The UN was founded in 1945 after World War II to replace the League of Nations, to stop wars between countries.	40

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11499205752	Language Tree	a representation of the relationships of languages to each other	0
11936265719	Culture	Beliefs, customs, and traditions of a specific group of people.	1
11936276128	cultural trait	The specific customs that are part of the everyday life of a particular culture, such as language, religion, ethnicity, social institutions, and aspects of popular culture.	2
11936286476	Sacred Sites	A location that is held by a certain religion to be holy and worthy of reverence, such as a temple.	3
11936293728	Ethnic Neighborhood	an area within a city containing members of the same ethnic background	4
11936298680	Expansion Diffusion	The spread of a feature or trend among people from one area to another in a snowballing process.	5
11936304423	Contagious Diffusion	The rapid, widespread diffusion of a feature or trend throughout a population.	6
11936315844	Hierarchical Diffusion	The spread of an idea from persons or nodes of authority or power to other persons or places	7
11936321157	Stimulus Diffusion	The spread of an underlying principle, even though a specific characteristic is rejected.	8
11936324380	relocation diffusion	The spread of a feature or trend through bodily movement of people from one place to another.	9
11936328801	language families	large groups of languages having similar roots	10
11936356819	Language Dialect	A regional variety of a language distinguished by vocabulary, spelling, and pronunciation.	11
11936361240	languages	human speech, spoken or written	12
11936367363	gender roles	sets of behavioral norms assumed to accompany one's status as male or female	13
11936376506	Cultural Hearth	Locations on Earth's surface where specific cultures first arose.	14
11936383946	lingua franca	A language mutually understood and commonly used in trade by people who have different native languages	15
11936392100	Colonialism	Attempt by one country to establish settlements and to impose its political, economic, and cultural principles in another territory.	16
11936392101	Imperialism	A policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force.	17
11936401079	Acculturation	(n.) the modification of the social patterns, traits, or structures of one group or society by contact with those of another; the resultant blend	18
11936404936	Assimilation	interpreting our new experiences in terms of our existing schemas	19
11936409940	Multiculturalism	A perspective recognizing the cultural diversity of the United States and promoting equal standing for all cultural traditions	20
11936415340	ethnic religion	A religion with a relatively concentrated spatial distribution whose principles are likely to be based on the physical characteristics of the particular location in which its adherents are concentrated.	21
11936427445	Universalizing Religion	A religion that attempts to appeal to all people, not just those living in a particular location.	22
11936431985	cultural landscape	Fashioning of a natural landscape by a cultural group.	23
11936436733	sense of place	State of mind derived through the infusion of a place with meaning and emotion by remembering important events that occurred in that place or by labeling a place with a certain character.	24
11936442324	Placelessness	the loss of uniqueness of place in the cultural landscape so that one place looks like the next	25
11936449027	Reionalism	n international relations, regionalism is the expression of a common sense of identity and purpose combined with the creation and implementation of institutions that express a particular identity and shape collective action within a geographical region.	26