APES 4 Flashcards
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| 11589793541 | purple loosestrife | an example of how humans can unintentionally modify the environment by altering a species' natural geography; displaces other native plant species | 0 | |
| 11589808748 | biogeography | refers to large-scale global patters, such as Wallace's realms, biotic provinces, or biomes | 1 | |
| 11589818437 | Wallaces Realms | propose that the world could be divided into 6 biogeographic regions on the basis of fundamental features of the animals common to those areas | 2 | |
| 11589825288 | taxa | groups that all living organisms are classified into based on their evolutionary relationships or similarity or characteristics | 3 | |
| 11589834024 | taxonomy | the science of naming animals | 4 | |
| 11589844144 | kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species | taxonomic rank order | 5 | |
| 11589849771 | biotic province | a region inhabited by a characteristic set of taxa, bounded by barriers that inhibit the exchange of species; genetically isolated | 6 | |
| 11589875350 | biomes | major ecosystems that are usually defined by their dominant vegetation and climate | 7 | |
| 11589881293 | climate | temperature and precipitation | 8 | |
| 11589885216 | convergent evolution | similar environmental constraints force similar solutions; organisms evolve certain trains since they ended up in similar climates |  | 9 |
| 11589892161 | divergent evolution | populations become separated, usually by geographical barriers; these group retain some common characteristics, but also evolve new ones to adapt to their different environments (major cause of speciation) |  | 10 |
| 11590072366 | ecological island | a comparatively small habitat separated from a major habitat of the same kind | 11 | |
| 11590078537 | island biogeography | proposes that the number of species found on an ecological island is determined by the size and distance of the island | 12 | |
| 11589937124 | smaller, farther away | the __________ and __________ the island is from a continent, the less biodiversity it will have | 13 | |
| 11589966883 | bigger, closer | the __________ and __________ the island is from a continent, the more biodiversity it will have; | 14 | |
| 11589988552 | adaptive radiation | a new species evolves from a common ancestor (divergent evolution); Darwin suggested that the finches on the Galapagos Islands are closely related and descended from a common ancestor, but each species adapted to its unique island habitat |  | 15 |
| 11590072367 | tundra | location: arctic (high latitudes) or alpine (high elevations-mountains) climate: low precipitation, low temperature and permafrost (permanently frozen ground) other: treeless plains; roots can't penetrate through the solid ice | 16 | |
| 11590345726 | Taiga (Boreal Forest) | location: high latitudes and hight altitudes climate: low precipitation, low temperatures dominant vegetation: conifers | 17 | |
| 11590410868 | temperate (moderate) deciduous forest | climate: moderate precipitation, moderate temperatures dominant vegetation: deciduous trees (loose leaves in the winter); deforestation dominant animal species: small mammals human impacts: hardwood for furniture | 18 | |
| 11590438539 | temperate rain forest | climate: high precipitation (over 250 cm a year), moderate temperature human impacts: lumber; deforestation | 19 | |
| 11590458407 | temperate woodland | other: slightly more arid (dry) than deciduous forests | 20 | |
| 11590503859 | temperate scrubland (chaparral) | dominant vegetation: aromatic vegetation tiger =: miniature woodland dominated by dense stands of shrubs; adapted to fires | 21 | |
| 11590688241 | temperate grassland | location: North American prairies, steppes of Eurasia, plains of eastern and southern Africa, pampas of South America | 22 | |
| 11590700812 | tropical rainforest | climate: high precipitation and high temperatures all year around; rainfall and sunlight other: high species diversity and low nutrient soil (reasons: high rate of decomposition due to high humidity, constant rain washes the nutrients low into the soil - leaching, plants suck up the nutrients) | 23 | |
| 11590829594 | desert | human impact: expanding desertification as global temperatures increase biggest deserts: Gobi, Sahara, Sonoran | 24 | |
| 11590866566 | Wetlands | dominant vegetation: mangrove trees human impacts: coal mining, shellfish industry (coastal levels) other: acts as an ecotone | 25 | |
| 11590872115 | ecotone | transition area between two biomes | 26 | |
| 11590879338 | fresh water | other: estuaries - areas at the mouth of rivers where river water mixes with ocean waters | 27 | |
| 11590904690 | littoral zone | the near shore area where sunlight penetrates all the way to the sediment and allows aquatic plants to grow | 28 | |
| 11590908748 | Limnetic (pelagic) zone | the open water area where light does not penetrate to the bottom | 29 | |
| 11590914436 | euphotic zone | the layer from the surface to the depth at which light levels become too low for photosynthesis | 30 | |
| 11590919609 | benthic zone | the bottom layer of the lake; covered by fine layers of mud in which animals live; there are no rooted plants since the water is too dependent for light to reach them | 31 | |
| 11590927515 | profoundal zone | the deepest part of the ocean; relevant only in deep lakes | 32 | |
| 11590939346 | intertidal | location: areas exposed alternately to air (during low tide) and ocean waters (during high tide) | 33 | |
| 11590944704 | open ocean (pelagic region) | dominant animal species: low productivity and low diversity of species ** productivity as an ECOSYSTEM is high because the region is large | 34 | |
| 11590957393 | benthos | the bottom proportion of oceans (too dark for photosynthesis) | 35 | |
| 11590959597 | upwellings | areas where upward flow of deep ocean waters brings nutrients (from dead/decaying organisms) to the surface, allowing abundant growth of algae | 36 | |
| 11590969205 | hydrothermal vents | areas in the deep ocean where plate tectonic processes create vents of hot water with a high concentration of sulfur compounds; provides nutrients for chemosynthetic bacteria | 37 | |
| 11590983342 | areas near the coast and upwellings | 2 places in the ocean where productivity is the highest | 38 | |
| 11591017306 | chapter 9 case study | unsustainable timber production | 39 | |
| 11591019827 | biological production | the capture of usable energy from the environment (via photosynthesis) to produce organic compounds in which that energy is stored | 40 | |
| 11591029105 | biomass | the total amount of weight of organic matter on Earth of in any particular ecosystem or area | 41 | |
| 11591040128 | net production | the change in biomass over a given period of time | 42 | |
| 11591044127 | autotrophs | produce own organic matter from a source of energy and inorganic compounds via the process of primary production | 43 | |
| 11591051211 | Photosynthesis | 6CO2 + 6H2O + light -- C6H12O6 + 6O2 | 44 | |
| 11591054784 | Photoautotrophs | Organisms that use light as a source of energy (the sun) | 45 | |
| 11591057906 | chemotrophs/chemoautotrophs | autotrophic bacteria that obtains energy from inorganic sulfur compounds; live in deep ocean vents and muds of marshes, where no oxygen is available | 46 | |
| 11591070213 | heterotrophs | feed on other living things through secondary production; dependent on autotrophs | 47 | |
| 11591075293 | respiration | the use of biomass to release energy (ATP) that can be used o do work; occurs in the mitochondria | 48 | |
| 11591080444 | aerobic respiration | requires oxygen; C6H12O6 (organic compound) + 6O2 -- 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy (ATP) | 49 | |
| 11591140679 | energy flow | the movement of energy through an ecosystem | 50 | |
| 11591144453 | entropy | the disorganization of energy (energy is lost as heat) | 51 | |
| 11591146900 | first law of thermodynamics | matter and energy are neither created or destroyed, but merely changed from one form to another | 52 | |
| 11591174117 | second law of thermodynamics | energy always changes from a more useful organized form to a less useful, disorganized form | 53 | |
| 11591195513 | trophic-level efficiency | the ratio of production of one trophic level to the production of the next lower trophic level (output/input) | 54 | |
| 11591215799 | old field | energy flow: vegetation - meadows mice - weasels | 55 | |
| 11591220036 | stream/river | energy flow: algae - insect larvae - trout - detritivores | 56 | |
| 11591225182 | Detritivore | feed on dead, organic material; common in streams | 57 | |
| 11591238498 | ocean | energy flow: phytoplankton - zooplankton -- (both) omnivores - carnivores/detritivores | 58 | |
| 11591251110 | Chemosynthesis in ocean depths | the source of energy is not sunlight, but hot, inorganic, sulfur compounds (bacteria: clams, mussels and crabs) | 59 | |
| 11594897089 | chapter 10 case study | ponderosa pine, a fire-adapted species, need fire to unseal resin on its cones to germinate and replace trees; however, humans suppress fires | 60 | |
| 11594907589 | restoration ecology | to return damages ecosystems to some set of conditions considered functional, sustainable and "natural" | 61 | |
| 11594909338 | Bioremediation | Use of living organisms (fungi) to detoxify polluted ecosystems | 62 | |
| 11594912458 | riparian ecosystem | Ecosystem around a river | 63 | |
| 11594913206 | lightning | a form of natural fire | 64 | |
| 11594964755 | ecological succession | the natural process of establishment or reestablishment (recovery after a storm/fire) or an ecosystem; "nature restoring itself" | 65 | |
| 11594969088 | succession | follows a predictable time course or pattern, depending on the the of ecosystem (climate) | 66 | |
| 11594972885 | primary succession | the initial establishment and development of an ecosystem; the area is initially devoid of any biological community | 67 | |
| 11594981886 | pioneer organisms | the first life forms to move into an area; they die/decompose, adding nutrients to the soil | 68 | |
| 11594997182 | climax community | end/stable community | 69 | |
| 11595001130 | secondary succession | the reestablishment of an ecosystem after a major disturbance | 70 | |
| 11595004123 | fire | causes an increase in availability of inorganic chemicals | 71 | |
| 11595004780 | ash | causes an increase in vegetation | 72 | |
| 11595032169 | gross production, biomass, biodiversity, sold organic content | increases after secondary succession | 73 | |
| 11595034059 | net production | decreases after secondary succession | 74 | |
| 11595011267 | bog | an open body of water with surface nets (small streams) but no surface outlet; has floating mats of vegetation and eventually fills with sediment; becomes a wetland forest | 75 | |
| 11595016797 | pond succession | ponds fills in with sediment | 76 | |
| 11595019255 | oligotrophic pond | the young, nutrient-poor pond; before eutrophication - clear/healthy water | 77 | |
| 11595022660 | eutrophication | an increase in chemical elements of a pond; increase in nutrients - algae bloom - decrease in oxygen - kills fish | 78 | |
| 11595028588 | facilitation | "helping"; makes conditions favorable for the establishment of the next wave of species | 79 | |
| 11595039050 | interference | "prevents"; impeded the establishment of the next wave of species | 80 | |
| 11595040835 | chronic patchiness | succession does not occur; pioneer species are not replaced by others since the species are growing in patches, which often consists of mature individuals with few seedlings | 81 |
AP World History Chapter 13 Flashcards
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| 11330715958 | Akbar | The most famous emperor of India's Mughal Empire (1556-1605); his policies are noted for their efforts at religious tolerance and inclusion |  | 0 |
| 11330715959 | Aurangzeb | Mughal emperor (1658-1707) who reversed his predecessors' policies of religious tolerance and attempted to impose Islamic supremacy |  | 1 |
| 11330715960 | Columbian exchange | The massive transatlantic interaction and exchange between the Americas and Afro-Eurasia that began in the period of European exploration and colonization |  | 2 |
| 11330715961 | Constantinople, 1453 | Constantinople, the capital and almost the only outpost left of the Byzantine Empire, fell to the army of the Ottoman sultan Mehmed II "the Conqueror" in 1453, an event that marked the end of Christian Byzantium |  | 3 |
| 11330715962 | Cortes, Hernan | Spanish conquistador (1485-1547) who led the expedition that conquered the Aztec Empire in modern Mexico |  | 4 |
| 11330715963 | Devshirme | The tribute of boy children that the Ottoman Turks levied from their Christian subjects in the Balkans; the Ottomans raised the boys for service in the civil administration or in the elite Janissary infantry corps |  | 5 |
| 11330715964 | Dona Marina | Native American slave from an elite background who in 1519 became Cortes indispensable interpreter and strategist. She accompanied him during his conquest of the Aztec Empire and bore him a son. After the conquest she was married off to another conquistador, dying around 1530 C.E. |  | 6 |
| 11330715965 | The Great Dying | Term used to describe the devastating demographic impact of European-borne epidemic diseases on the Americas |  | 7 |
| 11330715966 | Mestizo | Literally, "mixed"; a term used to describe the mixed-race population of Spanish colonial societies in the Americas |  | 8 |
| 11330715967 | Mughal Empire | One of the most successful empires in India, a state founded by Muslim Turks who invaded India in 1526; their rule was noted for efforts to create partnerships between Hindus and Muslims |  | 9 |
| 11330715968 | Mulattoes | Term commonly used for people of mixed African and European blood |  | 10 |
| 11330715969 | Ottoman Empire | Major Islamic state centered on Anatolia that came to include the Balkans, the Near East, and much of North Africa |  | 11 |
| 11330715970 | Peninsulares | In the Spanish colonies of Latin America, the term used to refer to people who had been born in Spain; they claimed superiority over Spaniards born in the Americas |  | 12 |
| 11330715971 | Plantation Complex | Agricultural system based on African slavery that was used in Brazil, the Caribbean, and the southern colonies of North America |  | 13 |
| 11330715972 | Qing Dynasty | Ruling dynasty of China from 1644 to 1912; the Qing rulers were originally from Manchuria, which had conquered China |  | 14 |
| 11330715973 | Settler Colonies | Colonies in which the colonizing people settled in large numbers, rather than simply sending relatively small numbers to exploit the region; particularly noteworthy in the case of the British colonies in North America |  | 15 |
| 11330715974 | Siberia | Russia's greatest frontier region, a vast territory of what is now central and eastern Russia, most of it unsuited to agriculture but rich in mineral resources and fur-bearing animals |  | 16 |
| 11330715975 | Yasak | Tribute that Russian rulers demanded from the native peoples of Siberia, most often in the form of furs |  | 17 |
| 11330715976 | Amerigo Vespucci | he explored South America on several trips around 1500; realized that the continent was huge and not part of Asia; America was named for him |  | 18 |
| 11330715977 | Ponce de Leon | In 1513, he explored Florida for Spain in search of the fountain of youth |  | 19 |
| 11330715978 | Vasco de Balboa | In 1513, he explored much of Central America for Spain; laid sight on the Pacific Ocean |  | 20 |
| 11330715979 | Ferdinand Magellan | In 1519, he sailed around the tip of South America to the Pacific Ocean for portugal. He made it as far as the Philippines, where he died; his crew continued, however, and became the first to circumnavigate the globe. |  | 21 |
| 11330715980 | Giovanni da Verrazzano | In 1524, he explored the North American coast for France |  | 22 |
| 11330715981 | Sir Francis Drake | In 1578, he became the first Englishman to circumnavigate the globe |  | 23 |
| 11330715982 | John Cabot | In 1597, he explored the coast of North America for England |  | 24 |
| 11330715983 | Henry Hudson | Beginning in 1609, he sailed for the Dutch, looking for a Northwest Passage to Asia. He explored the Hudson River and made claims to the area for the Dutch |  | 25 |
| 11330715984 | Vasco Da Gama | 1497, he sailed for the Portuguese, rounded the Cape of Good Hope, explored the east African kingdoms, and went all the way to India, where he established trade relations. |  | 26 |
| 11330715985 | Bartholomew Dias | he sailed for the Portuguese, rounded the tip of Africa, later became know as the Cape of Good Hope. |  | 27 |
| 11330715986 | Christopher Columbus | 1492, sailed for the Spanish, convinced the Spanish to finance a voyage to reach the east by going west. |  | 28 |
| 11330715987 | Sternpost Rudder | invented in China during the Han Dynasty, the sternpost rudder allowed for better navigation and control of ships of increasing size. The Europeans received it through trade. |  | 29 |
| 11330715988 | Lateen Sails | These sails invented during the early Roman Empire, allowed ships to sail in any direction, regardless of the wind. This was a huge improvement to ships that were dependent on the wind, especially in the Indian Ocean |  | 30 |
| 11330715989 | Astrolabe | Sailors used this portable navigation device, developed in the Hellenic world around 150 B.C.E., to help them find their way. By measuring the distance of the sun and the stars above the horizon, the astrolabe helped determine latitude. |  | 31 |
| 11330715990 | Magnetic Compass | Borrowed from the Chinese, who developed it during the Han Dynasty, the magnetic compass traveled west through trade with Arabs and allowed sailors to determine direction without staying in sight of land. |  | 32 |
| 11330715991 | Three-Masted Caravels | these large ships employed significantly larger lateen sails and could hold provisions for longer journeys in their large cargo rooms. |  | 33 |
AP World History Geography 2017 Flashcards
The AP world essay questions will ask you to compare and contrast regions and to analyze regional changes and continuities over time. If AP asks you to analyze East Asia, discussing India (South Asia) would be a "0".
Terms : Hide Images
| 6781549990 | Afroeurasia | the landmass made up of Africa and Eurasia together. This geographical expression serves as a helpful tool in discussing large-scale historical developments that cut across the traditionally-defined continental divisions of Africa, Asia, and Europe. |  | 0 |
| 6781549991 | Eurasia | ____ is the landmass made up of Asia & Europe. The idea that Europe and Asia are separate continents goes back many centuries, but scholars who accept the definition of a continent as "a large landmass surrounded, or nearly surrounded, by water" know that the definition applies to neither Europe nor Asia because these two landmasses are conjoined. Most world historians define Europe as a subcontinent of Eurasia. |  | 1 |
| 6781549992 | Americas | The ______ are made up of the continents of North America and South America, including neighboring islands, notably the islands of the Caribbean Sea. Until the twentieth century, most geography books classified North and South America together as a single continent, labeling them the "New World" ("new" to Europeans beginning in the late fifteenth century CE) in contradistinction to the "Old World," that is Afroeurasia. |  | 2 |
| 6781549993 | East Asia | The Yellow region is called ? |  | 3 |
| 6781549994 | South East Asia | The Dark Green region is called? |  | 4 |
| 6781549995 | South Asia | The Purple region is called? |  | 5 |
| 6781549996 | Middle East | The Bright Green region is called? |  | 6 |
| 6781549997 | Sub-Saharan Africa | The Dark Brown region is called? |  | 7 |
| 6781549998 | North Africa | The Light Brown region is called? |  | 8 |
| 6781549999 | North America | The Dark Orange region is called? |  | 9 |
| 6781550000 | Oceania | The Grey region is called? |  | 10 |
AP World History (Chapter 6) Flashcards
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| 11451836837 | Meroe | *Definition:* City in southern Nubia that was the center of Nubian civilization. *Significance:* Governed by a female monarch. Gained its wealth through long-distance trade. Declined after Islam invaded. |  | 0 |
| 11451836838 | Axum | *Definition:* Northern Ethiopian city that relied on highly productive agriculture with plow-based farming. *Significance:* A part at Adulis and used taxes to gain revenue from other empires. They didn't rely on hoe and digging stick. |  | 1 |
| 11451836839 | Piye | *Definition:* 8th century BCE, Africa. Paid respect to gods for great victory. *Significance:* Reunified Egypt and conquered ruler and began to govern/lead war. |  | 2 |
| 11451836840 | Niger Valley Civilization | *Definition:* City-based civilization in Niger valley. Noted for its lack of centralized state structure. *Significance:* Led to the uprising of jenne jeno |  | 3 |
| 11451836841 | Maya Civilization | *Definition:* Mesoamerican civilization known for the only fully developed written language of the Pre-columbian Americas. *Significance:* Resembled the competing city-states of Mesopotamia and written language. |  | 4 |
| 11451836842 | Teotihuacan | *Definition:* Largest city of Pre-Columbian America that governed and/or influenced much of the surrounding region ("City of the gods"). *Significance:* Had long-distance trade which enabled them to live a more luxurious life. |  | 5 |
| 11451836843 | Chavin | *Definition:* Andean town that was the center of a large Peruvian religious movement. *Significance:* Religious movement within class system of elites. Decline due to famine and drought. |  | 6 |
| 11451836844 | Moche | *Definition:* Important regional civilization of Peru, governed by warrior-priests. *Significance:* Elites lived luxuriously, prisoners and poor were sacrificed in rituals. |  | 7 |
| 11451836845 | Wari and Tiwanaku | *Definition:* Civilizations in Andes Mountains before Inca Empire. *Significance:* Almost opposites, the Wari used irrigation for agriculture and Tiwanaku farmed. The Wari depended on the Tiwanaku. |  | 8 |
| 11451836846 | Bantu Expansion | *Definition:* Gradual migration of Bantu peoples from their homeland. *Significance:* Their ironworking and agricultural techniques gave them an advantage over gathering and hunting peoples. |  | 9 |
| 11451836847 | Chaco Phenomenon | *Definition:* Name given to a major process settlement and social organization among the peoples of Chaco Canyon. *Significance:* Drought caused people to start depending on agriculture which made a large population develop. |  | 10 |
| 11451836848 | Mound Builders/Cahokia | *Definition:* Members of a number of cultures that developed along the Mississippi that built large mounds that they buried people with their stuff under. *Significance:* Buried people with all their things in hopes to make it to the afterlife (only for wealthy people). |  | 11 |
Period 4 AP World History: Tyner Flashcards
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| 6794163070 | Atlantic System | The network of trading links after 1500 that moved goods, wealth, people, and cultures around the Atlantic Ocean Basin | 0 | |
| 6794163071 | Middle Passage | A voyage that brought enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean to North America and the West Indies. | 1 | |
| 6794163072 | Aztec Empire | mexican indian people who est. a great empire, centered on the valley of mexico and was overthrown by cortes along with disease in the 16th centuary | 2 | |
| 6794163074 | Columbian exchange | the exchange of goods between Europe and the Americas after Columbus' discovery | 3 | |
| 6794163075 | Hernan cortes | 1485-1547, Spanish conquistador who defeated the Aztecs and conquered Mexico | 4 | |
| 6794163076 | Francisco Pizzaro | A Spanish conquistador who conquered the Incas | 5 | |
| 6794163077 | Conquistadors | Early-sixteenth-century Spanish adventurers who conquered Mexico, Central America, and Peru. (Examples Cortez, Pizarro, Francisco.) | 6 | |
| 6794163080 | Inca Empire | Largest Empire ever built in South America; and conquered by the european, Francisco Pizzaro | 7 | |
| 6794163082 | Mestizos | A person of mixed Native American and European ancestory | 8 | |
| 6794163083 | Creoles | a person that is european but born in the americas. | 9 | |
| 6794163084 | Peninusulars | a person that was born in Europe but lives in the americas. | 10 | |
| 6794163085 | Encomienda System | A system whereby the Spanish crown granted the conquerors the right to forcibly employ groups of Indians | 11 | |
| 6794163086 | Mughal Empire | Muslim state (1526-1857) exercising dominion over most of India in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. | 12 | |
| 6794163087 | New World | A term for the Americas during the Age of Exploration | 13 | |
| 6794163088 | Protestant Reformation | 16th century series of religious actions which led to establishment of the Protestant churches. Led by Martin Luther | 14 | |
| 6794163089 | Martin Luther | " started " the reformation because of his anger towards indulgences and unjust clergy. he also translated the bible into German | 15 | |
| 6794163090 | Lutheran Church | believed to get into heaven all you need is faith | 16 | |
| 6794163091 | John Calvin | wrote 'Institutes of the Christian Religion' in 1536; believed that ppl are sinful by nature and that people cannot earn salvation - God chooses a few "elect" who he will save | 17 | |
| 6794163092 | Henry VIII | founded the church of England because he wanted to divorce his wife but the pope said no. The fact that the pope was above the king angered him and forced conversion of his country | 18 | |
| 6794163093 | Catholic Counter Reformation | Charles V's response to the Protestant Reformation as Emperor to the Holy Roman Empire | 19 | |
| 6794163095 | European religious wars | European regions fought each other on whether to be Protestant or Catholic, princes/leaders would change minds & people would have to follow, soon the wars became political | 20 | |
| 6794163096 | Thirty Years War | (1618-1648) A series of European wars that were partially a Catholic-Protestant religious conflict. It was primarily a battle between Frence and their rivals the Hapsburgs, rulers of the Holy Roman Empire | 21 | |
| 6794163097 | Treaty Of Westphalia | 1648 ended the Thirty Years war. Granted religious freedom to various German towns throughout the Holy Roman Empire | 22 | |
| 6794163098 | Absolute monarchy | A system of government in which the head of state is a hereditary position and the king or queen has almost complete power | 23 | |
| 6794163099 | parliamentary monarchy | A government with a king or queen whose power is limited by the power of a parliament who checked the ruler | 24 | |
| 6794163100 | Louis XIV | (1638-1715) Known as the Sun King, he was an absolute monarch that completely controlled France. One of his greatest accomplishments was the building of the palace at Versailles. | 25 | |
| 6794163101 | Frederick the Great | (1740-1786) - The Prussian ruler who expanded his territory by defeating Maria Theresa of Austria. | 26 | |
| 6794163102 | Seven Years War | (1756-1763 CE) Known also as the French and Indian war. It was the war between the French and their Indian allies and the English, proved the English to be the more dominant force. | 27 | |
| 6794163103 | The Northern Renaissance | the expansion of Italian renaissance past the alps and into all of Europe. | 28 | |
| 6794163104 | Bullion | Gold and silver in the form of bars | 29 | |
| 6794163105 | Canton system | china's way of restricting trade, certain countries could only trade certain items at certain ports | 30 | |
| 6794163106 | Charted companies | groups of private investors who paid an annual fee in exchange for a monopoly over trade to the West Indies colonies. | 31 | |
| 6794163109 | Mercantilism | An economic policy under which nations sought to increase their wealth and power by obtaining large amounts of gold and silver and by selling more goods than they bought | 32 | |
| 6794163111 | Muscovy | Russian principality that emerged gradually during the era of Mongol domination. The Muscovite dynasty ruled without interruption from 1276 to 1598. | 33 | |
| 6794163112 | Qing Dynasty | (1644-1911 CE), the last imperial dynasty of China which was overthrown by revolutionaries; was ruled by the Manchu people: began to isolate themselves from Western culture, | 34 | |
| 6794163116 | Cartography | map making | 35 | |
| 6794163117 | The Scientific Revolution | A new way of thinking about the natural world. It was based on careful observation and a willingness to question accepted beliefs | 36 | |
| 6794163119 | Heliocentric Theory | the idea that the earth and the other planets revolve around the sun( went against the church ) | 37 | |
| 6794163120 | Galileo | He was the first person to use a telescope to observe objects in space further proved the heliocentric theory | 38 | |
| 6794163121 | Issac Newton | British scientist who defined the laws of motion, discovered gravity, | 39 | |
| 6794163122 | Enlightened despot | Absolute ruler who used his or her power to bring about political and social change | 40 | |
| 6794163123 | Enlightenment | A movement in the 18th century that advocated the use of reason in the reappraisal of accepted ideas and social institutions | 41 | |
| 6794163124 | Voltaire | He believed that freedom of speech was the best weapon against bad government | 42 | |
| 6794163125 | Rosseau | "The Social Contract", people are born good but environment and education corrupts them | 43 | |
| 6794163127 | Mercantilism | An economic policy under which nations sought to increase their profit by selling more goods than they bought | 44 | |
| 6794163128 | Prince Henry the Navigator | (1394-1460) Prince of Portugal who established an observatory and school of navigation that spurred the growth of Portugal's colonial empire. | 45 | |
| 6794163129 | Christopher Columbus | Italian navigator who discovered the New World in the service of Spain while looking for a route to China (1451-1506) | 46 | |
| 6794163130 | Dutch West India Company | (1621-1794) Trading company chartered by the Dutch government to conduct its merchants' trade in the Americas and Africa. | 47 | |
| 6794163132 | French and Indian War | (1754-1763) War fought in the colonies between the English and the French and their allies, The English won and dominated colonials | 48 | |
| 6794163137 | Oceania | a large group of islands in the south Pacific | 49 | |
| 6794163138 | Palace of Verailles | King Louis XIV estate where he moved his court, which quickly became the center of political, social, and cultural life | 50 | |
| 6794163139 | Scientific method | A series of steps followed to solve problems including experimenting and data collecting | 51 | |
| 6794163150 | the boers | Dutch (farmers), who settled in South Africa. | 52 | |
| 6794163153 | edict of nantes | 1598 grant of tolerance in France to French Protestants | 53 | |
| 6794163156 | enclousure | a farming system practiced in England where you farm what people need to buy | 54 | |
| 6794163157 | Hobbes | believes that absolute government creates order and control | 55 | |
| 6794163158 | Locke | you are born with natural rights, and people are a product of their experiences | 56 |
ap Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 11568698639 | Dome of the Rock | Umayyad Jerusalem | 0 | |
| 11568706347 | Folio from Qur'an | Abbasid 8th-9th Century C.E. | 1 | |
| 11568734154 | Bahram Gur Fights the Karg from the Great IL-Khanid Shahnama | Ii-Khanid of Persia C.1330-1340 C.E. | 2 | |
| 11568741322 | Rottgen Pieta | Late Medieval Art in Germany Painted Wood | 3 | |
| 11568747443 | The Kaaba | Islamic Mecca, Saudi Arabia | 4 | |
| 11568750950 | Pyxis of Al-Mughira | Umayyad Spain Ivory | 5 | |
| 11568758284 | Great Mosque at Isfahan | Persian Isfahan, Iran | 6 |
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