| CourseNotes

AP US History Semester 1 Flashcards

APUSH semester 1

8388402445	Federalist Party	First American political party formed by George Washington and led by Alexander Hamilton. They were in support of the Constitution, as it gave the government more power. They believed in national banks, tariffs, an elite ruling class, and good relations with Britain. They had major influences and impacts on out national government and its debt.	0
8388402446	Anti-Federalist Party	A group of members that opposed the creation of a stronger US federal government and the Constitution. They were led by Patrick Henry and Thomas Jefferson. They believed in a weak central government and strong state governments. They supported small farmers and landowners. They helped in preventing the Federalists from creating a political system like that of the British.	1
8388402447	Whigs Party	were conservatives who supported government programs, reforms, and public schools. They called for internal improvements like canals, railroads, and telegraph lines.	2
8388402448	Marbury v Madison 1803	William Marbury had not had his commission delivered by Adams. Even though this was illegal on Adams part, Congress could not force Marbury to bring the documents. The court was able to form a basis for exercise of judicial review. It defined the boundary between the constitutionally separate executive and judicial branches. (date)	3
8388402449	McCulloch v Maryland 1819	Maryland attempted to impede operation of a branch of the second bank of the US by imposing a tax on all notes of banks not chartered in Maryland. It established that Congress could implement the Constitution's powers, and state action couldn't impede valid constitutional exercises of power by the government. (date)	4
8388402450	Plessy v Fergusson	case ruled that "separate but equal" public facilities were legal. reversed in Brown v Board of Ed. Racial segregation	5
8388402451	Louisiana Purchase 1803	The acquisition by the USA of France's claim to the territory of Louisiana. They paid $15 million. It doubled the size of the US, removed France's presence in the region, and it protected US trade access and free passage. (date)	6
8388402452	Mexican Cession	1848. Awarded as part of the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo after the Mexican American War. U.S. paid $15 million for 525,000 square miles.	7
8388402453	Gadsden Purchase 1853	..A region of present day southern Arizona and southwestern New Mexico purchased by the US in a treaty. It proved the land necessary for a southern transcontinental railroad and attempted to resolve conflicts that lingered after the Mexican-American War. (date)	8
8388402454	Erie Canal	A canal in New York running from Albany to Buffalo. It created a navigable water route from the Atlantic Ocean to the Great Lakes which gave the western states direct access tot he ocean without shipping goods downstream on Mississippi River.	9
8388402455	Boston Massacre 1770	The killing of five colonists by British regulars. It was the culmination of the tensions in the American colonies. It made many colonists rally together to counter the evil British. Changed people's mind about the British. (date)	10
8388402456	Boston Tea Party 1773	Political protest by the Sons of Liberty. They destroyed an entire shipment of tea sent by the East India company in defiance of the Tea Act by throwing the chests into the sea. It showed that the American colonies had grown tired of arbitrary taxation by the British. (date)	11
8388402457	Popular Sovereignty	A belief that ultimate power resides in the people. The people are able to vote for if they want slavery or not.	12
8388402458	Second Great Awakening	A Protestant revival movement as a reaction against skepticism, deism, and rationalism. It enrolled new members in existing denominations and led to the formation of new denominations. It revived the emotional side of religion, weakened church authority, and played a role in social reform.	13
8388402459	French and Indian War 1754-1763	Fought between the colonies of British America and New France, supported by military units from their parent countries. Hostilities intensified between the two as they both attempted to colonize land in the Ohio Valley. It marked the beginning of conflicts between Great Britain and the American colonists. (Dates)	14
8388402460	Revolutionary War 1775-1783	War fought between the American colonies and England. American colonies won war and gained independence and British land in North America. (date)	15
8388402461	Nullification Crisis	A sectional crisis with an ordinance declared by the power of the state that the Tariffs of 1828 and 1832 were unconstitutional and therefore void in South Carolina. It showed that the economic and political interests of the North and South were drifting, as they had opposing ideas.	16
8388402462	Mexican-American War 1846	An armed conflict between the US and Mexico that started with the US annexation of Texas and was the result of a disagreement over where the Mexican-American border should be. the US received Mexican territory and it raised the question of slavery in the new territory. (date)	17
8388402463	Saratoga Battle	A battle that took place in New York where the Continental Army defeated the British. It proved to be the turning point of the war. This battle ultimately had France to openly support the colonies with military forces in addition to the supplies and money already being sent.	18
8388402464	Bull Run Battle	Was the first meager battle of the civil war with the confederates winning against the north.	19
8388402465	Monroe Doctrine 1823	A US foreign policy regarding Latin American countries. It stated that further efforts by European nations to colonize land or interfere with states in North or South American would be viewed as acts of aggression. It directed a clear warning towards all foreign countries telling them to leave the US alone and to stop settling within the country's borders. (date)	20
8388402466	Slave Trade	European trade agreement with Africa dealing with slaves brought from Africa. Integral part of Triangle Trade between the Americas, Africa, and Europe.	21
8388402467	Amendment 13 1864	This abolished slavery and involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime. It formally released all slaves and prevented slavery to keep occurring. (date)	22
8388402468	Amendment 14 1868	This granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the US, which included former slaves. It defined citizenship within the US (date).	23
8388402469	Amendment 15 1870	This stated that the rights of citizens to vote should not bed denied by the US in race or color. It allowed African American men to vote, though poll taxes and literacy tests still prevented them from doing so. (date)	24
8388402470	Proclamation Act 1763	Issued by King George III following Great Britain's acquisition of French territory in North America. It forbade settlers from settling past a line drawn along the Appalachian Mountains. It organized Britain's empire and stabilized relations with Native Americans through trade, settlement, and land purchases. (date)	25
8388402471	Sugar Act 1764	It reduced the tax to three pence (previously six pence). The tax was more enforced and it occurred on other goods like wine, coffee, and calico. It raised revenue for Britain through American colonists, not Europeans. (date)	26
8388402472	Stamp Act 1765	An act of the Parliament of Great Britain that required the colonies have printed materials be produced on stamp paper. These were legal documents. It helped British troops who were stationed in North America, as the taxes went to their benefit. This angered the colonists. It was considered the last straw, leading to the Revolution. (date)	27
8388402473	Land Ordinance 1785	The goal was to raise money through the sale of land in the territory west of the states. It was important because it established the precedent by which the US would expand westward across North America by the admission of new states. (date)	28
8388402474	Northwest Ordinance 1787	It created the Northwest territory from lands beyond the Appalachian Mountains, between Canada and the Great Lakes. Rather than the expansion of existing states and their established sovereignty, it establish admission for new states. (date)	29
8388402475	Compromise of 1850	This admitted California as a free state while it also created fugitive slave laws to capture escaped slaves. It created a way for slaves to not be able to go to the North and be free. The North had to help the South.	30
8388402476	Intolerable Acts 1774	A series of laws passed by the British Parliament after the Boston Tea Party intending to punish the Massachusetts colonists for their defiance. It was a wake up call for the colonies. The Boston harbor closed. England took over all governmental activities. (date)	31
8388402477	Missouri Compromise 1820	It involved primarily the regulation of slavery in the western territories. It prohibited slavery in the Louisiana Territory north of the southern Missouri border. It became precedent for settling subsequent North and South disagreements over slavery and duty issues. (date)	32
8388402478	Thomas Jefferson	..., Virginian, architect, author, governor, and president. Lived at Monticello. Wrote the Declaration of Independence. Second governor of Virgina. Third president of the United States. Designed the buildings of the University of Virginia.	33
8388402479	John Adams	America's first Vice-President and second President. Sponsor of the American Revolution in Massachusetts, and wrote the Massachusetts guarantee that freedom of press "ought not to be restrained."	34
8388402480	Thomas Paine	American Revolutionary leader and pamphleteer (born in England) who supported the American colonist's fight for independence and supported the French Revolution (1737-1809)	35
8388402481	Andrew Jackson	Seventh president of the US. He opposed the national bank and did not support a strong federal government. He enforced the Indian Removal Act. He enforced the idea of a common man and sovereignty.	36
8388402482	John C Calhoun	Vice President under Andrew Jackson; leading Southern politician; began his political career as a nationalist and an advocate of protective tariffs, later he becomes an advocate of free trade, states' rights, limited government, and nullification.	37
8388402483	Henry Clay	American lawyer, politician, and skilled orator who represented Kentucky. He is important because he was the founder and leader of the Whig Party and a leading advocate of programs for modernizing the economy, like tariffs to eliminate international competition, a national bank, and internal improvements to promote canals, ports, and railroads.	38
8388402484	John Quincy Adams	..., Secretary of State, He served as sixth president under Monroe. In 1819, he drew up the Adams-Onis Treaty in which Spain gave the United States Florida in exchange for the United States dropping its claims to Texas. The Monroe Doctrine was mostly Adams' work.	39
8388402485	Preston Brooks	A hot tempered Congressman of South Carolina took vengeance in his own hands. He beat Sumner with a cane until he was restrained by other Senators over issue of slavery.	40
8388402486	Cotton	The most important cash crop in the South by 1850 that needed a large labor force.	41
8388402487	Indian Removal Act	Part of the Indian Removal policy that was signed into law by Andrew Jackson in 1830; strongly supported in the South where states were eager to gain access to lands occupied by the Five Civilized Tribes.	42
8388402488	American System	An economic regime pioneered by Henry Clay which created a high tariff to support internal improvements such as road-building. This approach was intended to allow the United States to grow and prosper by themselves This would eventually help America industrialize and become an economic power.	43
8388402489	Adams Onis Treaty	1819. Settled land dispute between Spain and United States as a result of tensions brought on by weakening Spanish power in the New World. U.S. gained Florida in exchange for $5 million and renounced any claims on Texas and settled boundary between two countries to the Pacific Ocean.	44
8388402490	Interchangeable parts	1799-1800 - Eli Whitney developed a manufacturing system which uses standardized parts which are all identical and thus, interchangeable. Before this, each part of a given device had been designed only for that one device; if a single piece of the device broke, it was difficult or impossible to replace. With standardized parts, it was easy to get a replacement part from the manufacturer. Whitney first put used standardized parts to make muskets for the U.S. government.	45
8388402491	Samuel Slater	He was a British mechanic that moved to America and in 1791 invented the first American machine for spinning cotton. He is known as "the Father of the Factory System" and he started the idea of child labor in America's factories. -increased labor problem -only benefitted employers, not workers -forbid unions	46
8388402492	Spoils System	Jackson's patronage system, which allowed men to buy their way into office. This resulted in a very corrupt governmental office.	47
8388402493	"Lowell Girls"/Factory Girls 1820-30's	Young single women that were the primary source of labor in the factory system in Lowell, Massachusetts	48
8388402494	Colombian exchange	the exchange between the new world and the old world consisting of the old world bringing wheat, cows, horses, sheep, pigs, sugar, rice, coffee, smallpox, malaria and yellow fever. while the new world sent gold, silver, corn, potatoes, tobacco, and syphills	49
8388402495	Encomienda Systems	Spanish government's policy to "commend", or give, Indians to certain colonists in return for the promise to Christianize them. Part of a broader Spanish effort to subdue Indian tribes in the West Indies and on the North American mainland.	50
8388402496	Tariff of 1828	a protective tariff passed by the U.S. Congress that came to be known as the "Tariff of Abominations" to its Southern detractors because of the effects it had on the Antebellum Southern economy; it was the highest tariff in U.S. peacetime and its goal was to protect industry in the northern United States from competing European goods by increasing the prices of European products. Attempt to keep the American system running.	51

Powered by Quizlet.com

AP US History Midterm Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images

5767184465	54 million	The population of the Americas in 1492, when the Europeans arrived	0
5767184466	Very bad	The best description of the treatment of Native Americans by the Conquistadors	1
5767184467	Jamestown	The settlement founded in the early 1600s that was the most consequential for the future United States	2
5767184468	exporting agricultural; tobacco; rice; slavery; cities; religious	The 4 major characteristics of the southern plantation colonies by 1750 were a devotion to _________ ____________ products (mainly _______ and ____), _______, slow growth of ______, and _________ toleration	3
5767184469	freedom of religion	Roger Williams, the founder of Rhode Island, established complete _______ __ ________.	4
5767184470	fair	The best description of Indian policy in early Pennsylvania was ____.	5
5767184471	South	The physical and social conditions of slavery were the harshest in the _____.	6
5767184472	Puritan Congregational Church Town Meeting	Thomas Jefferson described the _______ ______________ ______ ____ _______ (New Engand) as the best school of political liberty the world ever saw.	7
5767184473	South Carolina	In 1760, fearful of heavy concentrations of slaves, which colonial legislature unsuccessfully sought to halt the importation of slaves?	8
5767184474	Anglican; Congregational	In 1775, the ________ and ______________ churches were the only established (tax-supported) churches in colonial America.	9
5767184475	Ohio River Valley	The clash between Britain and France for control of North America began with a fight over the ____ _____ ______.	10
5767184476	fairly; eruption; uprising; settling	The Proclamation of 1763 designed to work out the Indian problem ______ and prevent another bloody ________ like Pontiac's ________ and to keep the colonists from ____.	11
5767184477	loosely	The Navigation Laws were _______ enforced in the colonies before 1763.	12
5767184478	Boston Port	The most drastic measure of the Intolerable Acts was the ______ ____ Act.	13
5767184479	August; 1775	King George III officially declared the colonies in rebellion in ______ of ____ (after the Battle of Bunker Hill)	14
5767184480	neutral	When it came to supporting the Revolution, most colonists were _______.	15
5767184481	House of Representatives	What was the 1 branch of the government directly elected by the people?	16
5767184482	Legislative	Anti-federalists thought the sovereignty of the people resided in which branch of the central government?	17
5767184483	No Bill of Rights	What was a major criticism of the Constitution, drafted in Philadelphia?	18
5767184484	protective tariffs	The aspect of Hamilton's financial program that received the least support in Congress was __________ _______.	19
5767184485	House of Representatives	Thomas Jefferson won the popular and electoral vote, a strange deadlock led to the election being decided where?	20
5767184486	federal power; interests	John Marshall helped ensure an increase of _______ _____ and _________ as chief justice of the United States.	21
5767184487	disunity	The War of 1812 was one of the worst fought wars in the United States History because of its widespread ________.	22
5767184488	American industry	The Tariff of 1816 was so important because it aimed to protect ________ ________.	23
5767184489	electoral votes; Republican	The House of Representative decided the 1824 election because no one won the most _________ _____ and there were 4 __________ candidates.	24
5767184490	southwest	Most early American settlers in Texas came from the __________.	25
5767184491	potato famine	The overwhelming event in Ireland in the 1840s was the ______ ______.	26
5767184492	Erie Canal	What began the canal era of American History?	27
5767184493	women('s) rights; feminization; religion	The main effects of the Second Great Awakening were _____'s ______ movements and the ____________ of ________.	28
5767184494	Mormon Religion	Originated in New York, original prophet was Joseph Smith, Utah, Book of Mormon, Brigham Young, polygamy are all related to the ______ ________.	29
5767184495	Harriet Beecher Stowe	Who wrote Uncle Tom's Cabin?	30
5767184496	mountain whites	The ________ ______ were the most pro-Union white southerners.	31
5767184497	Texas; California	The Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo, which ended the Mexican War, confirmed the American title to _____ and __________.	32
5767184498	Mexican Cession	The largest single addition to American territory was the _______ _______.	33
5767184499	vote; territory	With "Popular Sovereignty", the question of slavery in the territories was to be settled by the ____ of the people in any given __________.	34
5767184500	gold; California	The discovery of ____ in __________ threatened to destroy the longstanding balance of free and slave states in the US Senate.	35
5767184501	California; balance	The South was growing increasingly worried about the future of slavery because the admission to __________ may tie the political _______ against them.	36
5767184502	property; honor	The issue of runaway slaves was of such importance because it was a loss of ________ and _____.	37
5767184503	homes; hide; escaping	The Underground Railroad consisted of networks of _____ that slaves could ____ in while ________.	38
5767184504	Nicaragua	What area, for a short time, did the American William Walker seize control of in the 1850s?	39
5767184505	Matthew Perry	The man who opened Japan to the United States was _______ _____.	40
5767184506	Atlantic; Pacific	The primary objective of Manifest Destiny expansionists in the 1850s was to spread from the ________ to the _______.	41
5767184507	secret Ostend Manifesto	The secret ______ _________ that was leaked to the ______ stopped the Pierce administration's plans to gain control of Cuba?	42
5767184508	transcontinental railroad	Most American leaders believed that the only way to keep the new Pacific Coast territories was to construct a ________________ ________.	43
5767184509	popular sovereignty	Senator Douglas proposed that the question of slavery be dealt with in the Kansas-Nebraska territory by _______ _______ ___________.	44
5767184510	slavery; constitutional; slave	In 1857, the Supreme Court decision in the Dred Scott case affected the Western territories by deciding that _______ would be ______________ in those areas that were already _____ territories.	45
5767184511	cruelty; slavery	Uncle Tom's Cabin showed people the _______ of _______.	46
5767184512	little woman; started; great war	President Lincoln described Harriet Beecher Stowe by saying "So you're the ______ _____ who wrote the book that _______ this _____ ___."	47
5767184513	help; South; support	The British and French governments concluded after Uncle Tom's Cabin gained a wide following in their countries that they couldn't ____ the _____ because their people wouldn't _______ it.	48
5767184514	slave	In 1855, proslavery southerners regarded Kansas as a _____ state.	49
5767184515	deeply divided	The clash between Preston S. Brooks and Charles Sumner revealed that the nation was ______ _______.	50
5767184516	nativists	The central plank of the Know-Nothing Party in the 1856 election was _________.	51
5767362167	anti-foreign; anti-immigrant	The nativists in the 1850s were known for being ____-_______ and ____-_________.	52
5767362168	lack; honesty; war	In part, the Republicans lost the 1856 election because of Fremont's ____ of _______, and the Southerners threatened to start a ___, so Northerner's didn't vote for him.	53
5767362169	Southerners	Who applauded the decision in the Dred Scott case?	54
5767362170	homestead; public land; away	In the North, the Panic of 1857 created calls for _________ of 160 acres of ______ ____ to be given ____.	55
5767362171	amature; president	The political career of Abraham Lincoln can best be described as _______ until he became ________.	56
5767362172	won; Senate seat	As a result of the Lincoln-Douglas debates, Douglas ___ the ______ ____.	57
5767362173	all rights; Declaration (of) Independence	Lincoln stated that he believed that the black race should have ___ ______ as stated in the ___________ of ____________.	58
5767362174	arsenal; weapons; slaves	John Brown intended to sieze an _______ of _______ and give them to ______ during his raid on Harpers Ferry.	59
5767362175	gangs; out	The South concluded that there were northern _____ trying to take them ___ after John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry.	60
5767362176	secede	The reaction of the people of South Carolina when Lincoln won the 1860 election was to ______.	61
5767362177	Montgomery, Alabama	Where the Confederate government was 1st organized?	62
5767362178	low; supplies; set out	Confederate batteries opened fire on Fort Sumter when they were ___ on ________ and had to ___ ___.	63
5767362179	Confederates; fire; Fort Sumter	In 1861, many Northerners were willing to allow Southern States to leave the Union until ____________ opened ____ on ____ ______.	64
5767362180	dubious legality	Lincoln used methods of _______ ________ in order to persuade the Border States to remain in the Union.	65
5767362181	Union; pro-slavery	Lincoln's declaration that the North sought to preserve the Union with or without slavery was meant for the people in the _____ who were ___-______.	66
5767362182	save; Union	Lincoln declared the purpose of the war at the beginning was to ____ the _____.	67
5767362183	fight; draw	In order to achieve its independence, the Confederacy had to _____ to a ____.	68
5767362184	high morale; locating; soldiers	As the Civil War began, what the South seemed to have the advantage in ____ ______, and at ________ better trained ________.	69
5767362185	lack; food; clothes	Of all the hardships faced by the soldiers in the Civil War, the greatest was the ____ of ____ and ______.	70
5767362186	economy	The greatest weakness of the South during the Civil War was the _______.	71
5767362187	economy	The North's greatest strength in the Civil War was the _______.	72
5767362188	discipline; determination	Northern soldiers eventually became known for their __________ and _____________.	73
5767362189	slavery; end	Most working people in Britain sided with the North because they believed that _______ would ___ if the North won.	74
5768012754	opposition; citizens	One reason that the British did not try to break the Union blockade of the South during the Civil War was that they forced __________ of the ________.	75
5768012755	cotton; economy	The South believed that the British would come to its aid because of ______, and therefore the _______.	76
5768012756	keep; out; bring; into	What was the role of diplomacy for the Union in the war was to ____ the British and French ___ of the war, and the Confederacy wanted to _____ the British and French ____ the war.	77
5768012757	Alabama	The Confederacy's most effective commerce raiding ship was the _______.	78
5768012758	president; popular; impeached	The Southern cause was weak because their _________ wasn't _______, and people wanted him _________.	79
5768012759	volunteers	To man its army, prior to 1863, the North relied on __________.	80
5768012760	standard bank note	The National Banking System was important because it established a ________ ____ ____.	81
5768012761	keeping; Union	At the beginning of the war, Lincoln favored _______ the ______ together.	82
5768012762	capture; Richmond	Lincoln hoped that a Union victory at Bull Run would result in the _______ of ________.	83
5768012763	long; enlistments; southern army	An unexpected result of the Southern victory at Bull Run was the realization that the war would be ____, and also that ___________ in the ________ ____ decreased.	84
5768012764	cautious	General George McClellan can best be described as ________.	85
5768012765	enemy outnumbered his men	The major mistake that McClellan consistently made was that he believed that the _____ ___________ ___ ___.	86
5768012766	Emancipation Proclamation	Lincoln made the political move to draft the ____________ ___________ after the Union loss during the Peninsula Campaign.	87
5768012767	border states; join	By invading Maryland, one of Lee's key objectives was to inspire ______ _____ to ____ the Confederacy.	88
5768012768	fired	After the Battle of Antietam, General McClellan was _____.	89
5768012769	Gettysburg; Antietam	The two major battles of the Civil War fought on Northern soil were the Battles of __________ and ________.	90
5768012770	intervention; Confederacy	The Battle of Antietam was critical for the North because it prevented British ____________ with the ___________.	91
5768012771	Emancipation Proclamation	The North's victory at Antietam allowed Lincoln to issue the ____________ ____________.	92
5768012772	13th Amendment	The ____ _________ legally abolished slavery in the United States.	93
5768012773	moral cause; Union	The Emancipation Proclamation strengthened the _____ _____ of the _____.	94
5768012774	soldiers	African-Americans served in the Union Army as ________.	95
5768012775	month; ended	The Confederacy enlisted slaves into its army a _____ before the war _____.	96
5768012776	victory; doomed	The Battle of Gettysburg was significant because the Union _______ made the Southern cause ______.	97
5768012777	Northern Peace Democrats	The group in the North most dangerous to Union cause was the ________ _____ ________.	98
5768012778	Copperhead	Clement L. Vallandigham was labeled as __________.	99
5768012779	Andrew Johnson	Lincoln's running mate in the 1864 election was ______ _______.	100
5768012780	George McClellan	The Democrats nominated ______ _________ to oppose Lincoln in the 1864 election.	101
5768379738	Atlanta and Mobile	Union victories in _______ and ______ were crucial to Lincoln's reelection in 1864.	102
5768379739	calamity	Ironically, Lincoln's assassination was a ________ for the South.	103
5768379740	pardoned; brief jail terms	The defeated Confederate leaders were all ________ in 1868 after _____ ____ _____.	104
5768379741	devastated	The economy in the South at the war's conclusion was totally __________.	105
5768379742	secession; correct	Many white Southerners believed that their view of _________ was _______ at the end of the Civil War.	106
5768379743	meddlesome federal agency; dominance	The white South viewed the Freedmen's Bureau as a __________ _______ ______ that threatened to upset white racial _________.	107
5768379744	meddlesome agency; killed	Johnson's view of the Freedmen's Bureau was a __________ ______ that should be ______.	108
5768379745	democrats; pro-union southerners	Johnson was put on Lincoln's ticket in the 1864 election because he would politically attract war _________ and ___-_____ ___________.	109
5768379746	champion; poor whites	As a politician, Johnson developed a reputation as a ________ of the ____ ______.	110
5768379747	readmission; states; Union	Lincoln promised rapid ___________ of Southern ______ into the _____ in the 10 Per Cent Plan for Reconstruction.	111
5768379748	swift restoration; southern states; basic conditions	Johnson's plan for Reconstruction was aimed at _____ __________ of the ________ ______ after a few _____ __________ were met.	112
5768379749	stable labor supply	The main purpose of the Black Codes was to ensure a ______ _____ ______.	113
5768379750	South; not won; war	The Black Codes seemed to indicate to many Northerners an arrogant _____ acting as if the North had ___ ___ the ___.	114
5768379751	citizenship; civil rights; free	The 14th Amendment guaranteed ___________ and _____ ______ to ____ slaves.	115
5768379752	soft treatment; white south	The root cause of the battle between President Johnson and Congress was Johnson's ____ _________ of the _____ _____.	116
5768379753	troops; removed	Radical Reconstruction of the South ended when the last of the federal ______ were _______ in 1877.	117
5768379754	15th	What was the last of the Reconstruction era amendments?	118
5768379755	legislation; needed reforms	The Radical Reconstruction state governments passed desirable ___________ and badly ______ _______.	119
5768379756	both; North; South	Political corruption was widespread across the nation during Reconstruction in ____ the _____ and _____.	120
5768379757	terrorist organization	The Ku Klux Klan can best be described as a _________ ____________.	121
5768379758	white; success; black	A primary motive for the formation of the Ku Klux Klan was _____ resentment of the _______ of _____ legislators.	122
5768379759	Secretary (of) War; Tenure (of) Office Act	The official charge the House used to impeach President Johnson was his dismissal of _________ of ___ (Stanton), contrary to the ______ of ______ ___.	123
5768379760	economic reforms; political	Reconstruction might have been more successful if Thaddeus Stevens' radical program of drastic ________ _______ and stronger protection of _________ rights had been enacted.	124

Powered by Quizlet.com

AMSCO AP US History Chapter 27 Flashcards

AMSCO United States History 2015 Edition, Chapter 27 The Eisenhower Years, 1952-1960

Terms : Hide Images

9035349424	elections of 1952, 1956	In these two presidential elections Dwight Eisenhower and Richard Nixon defeated Adlai Stevenson quite easily. (p. 580-581)	0
9035349425	Dwight Eisenhower	The United States general who supervised the invasion of Normandy and the defeat of Nazi Germany. In the election of 1952 he became the the 34th President of the United States. (p. 579)	1
9035349426	Adlai Stevenson	An Illinois governor and the Democratic presidential nominee in 1952 and 1956. He lost both elections to Dwight Eisenhower and Richard Nixon. (p. 580)	2
9035349427	Richard Nixon	He was vice president under Dwight Eisenhower. In 19868, he would become the 37th President of the United States, but in 1974 he resigned in disgrace after the Watergate scandal. (p. 580)	3
9035349428	modern Republicanism	President Eisenhower's term for his balanced and moderate approach to governing. Claiming he was liberal toward people but conservative about spending money. He helped balance the federal budget and lowered taxes without destroying existing social programs. (p. 580)	4
9035349429	Dept. of Health, Education and Welfare (HEW)	In 1953, President Eisenhower consolidated welfare programs under this new department, run by Oveta Culp Hobby, the first woman in a Republican cabinet. (p. 580)	5
9035349430	soil-bank program	President Eisenhower created this program as a way to reduce farm production, thereby increasing farm income. (p. 580)	6
9035349431	Highway Act; interstate highway system	The most permanent legacy of the Eisenhower administration was this act passed in 1956. It created 42,000 miles of highway linking every major city in the nation. (p. 580)	7
9035349432	John Foster Dulles	In the Eisenhower administration, he was the Secretary of State that pursued a policy of pushing the USSR and China to the brink of war. However, Eisenhower prevented him from carrying his ideas the extreme. (p. 581)	8
9035349433	brinksmanship	The principle of pushing Communist nations to the brink of war, thinking they would back down because of American nuclear superiority. (p. 581)	9
9035349434	massive retaliation	This was Eisenhower's policy, it advocated the full use of American nuclear weapons to counteract even a Soviet ground attack in Europe. (p. 582)	10
9035349435	decolonization	After World War II, dozens of European colonies in Asia and Africa became independent countries. (p. 582)	11
9035349436	India, Pakistan, Indonesia	From 1947 to 1949, these three countries gained their independence. (p. 582)	12
9035349437	Third World	Term applied to a group of developing countries that often lacked stable political and economic institutions. Their need for foreign aid often made them pawns of the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War. (p. 582)	13
9035349438	CIA, covert action	Undercover intervention in foreign government by the CIA during Eisenhower's presidency. (p. 582)	14
9035349439	Iranian overthrow	In 1953, the CIA helped overthrow this government and established a monarch ruler with close ties to the U.S. He provided favorable oil prices and purchased American military arms. (p. 582)	15
9035349440	Korean armistice	In July 1953, China and North Korea agreed to an armistice that would divide Korea into North Korea and South Korea near the 38th parallel. (p. 583)	16
9035349441	Indochina	In the early 1950s, France was fighting to retake control of their colony in southeastern Asia. The French were defeated in 1954 and they agreed to give up Indochina, which was divided into the nations of Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam. (p. 583)	17
9035349442	Ho Chi Minh	The North Vietnam Communist dictator who fought the French until 1954, and South Vietnam until 1975. (p. 583)	18
9035349443	Geneva Conference	A 1954 conference between many countries that agreed to end hostilities and restore peace in French Indochina and Vietnam. (p. 583)	19
9035349444	division of Vietnam	By the terms of the Geneva Convention, Vietnam would be temporarily divided at the 17 parallel until a general election could be held. A prolonged war (1954-1975) occurred between the Communist armies of North Vietnam who were supported by the Chinese and the non-communist armies of South Vietnam who were supported by the United States. (p. 583)	20
9035349445	domino theory	The political theory that if one nation comes under Communist control then neighboring nations will also fall to Communist control. (p. 583)	21
9035349446	Southeast Asia Treaty Organization	In 1954, an international organization for collective defend and block further Communist gains is Southeast Asia. (p. 583)	22
9035349447	State of Israel	In 1948, after a civil war in the British mandate territory of Palestine left the land divided between the Israelis and the Palestinians, this nation was founded. The United Nations oversaw the process and many neighboring countries fought against the creating of this Jewish state. (p. 584)	23
9035349448	Arab nationalism	Arab nationalist General Gamal Nasser of Egypt, asked the United States for funds to build the Aswan Dam on the Nile River. (p. 584)	24
9035349449	Suez Canal Crisis	In July 1956, Egypt sized the British and French owned Suez Canal. Britain and France carried out a surprise attack and retook the canal. The United States sponsored a U.N. resolution condemning the invasion of Egypt. Eventually Britain and France withdrew their troops. (p. 584)	25
9035349450	Eisenhower Doctrine	This 1957 doctrine, pledged United States economic and military aid to any Middle Eastern country threatened by Communism. (p. 584)	26
9035349451	Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)	In 1960, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Iraq, Iran, and Venezuela formed this organization of oil-producing nations. (p. 584)	27
9035349452	atoms for peace	In 1953, President Eisenhower's proposal to the U.N. to slow down the arms race. (p. 585)	28
9035349453	spirit of Geneva	The 1955 meeting in Geneva, which produced the first thaw in the Cold War. (p. 585)	29
9035349454	open-skies	The Soviets rejected this proposal for open aerial photography of eachothers territory in order to eliminate surprise nuclear attacks. (p. 585)	30
9035349455	Nikita Khrushchev	The ruler of the USSR from 1958-1964. He reduced government control of Soviet citizens and sought peaceful coexistence with the West. (p. 585)	31
9035349456	peaceful coexistence	In early 1956, Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev, gave a speech in which he denounced the crimes of Joseph Stalin and supported "peaceful coexistence" with the West. (p. 585)	32
9035349457	Hungarian revolt	In October 1956, Hungary actually succeeded in overthrowing a government backed by Moscow. The Soviets sent in tanks to crush the freedom fighters and restore control over Hungary. The United States took no action in the crisis and gave de facto recognition of the Soviet sphere of influence in Eastern Europe. (p. 586)	33
9035349458	Warsaw Pact	This 1945 agreement formed formed an alliance of the Eastern European countries including the USSR, Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, and Romania. (p. 586)	34
9035349459	Sputnik	In 1957, the Soviet Union shocked the United States by launching the first space satellites into orbit around the earth. Fears of nuclear war were intensified since the missiles that launched the satellites could also deliver nuclear warheads anywhere in the world within minutes. (p. 586)	35
9035349460	NDEA, NASA	In 1958, Congress created the National Defense and Education Act (NDEA) and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). (p. 586)	36
9035349461	U-2 incident	In 1960, the Soviet military used a guided missile to shoot down an American U-2 spy plane over Soviet territory, revealing a formerly secret American tactic of the Cold War. (p. 586)	37
9035349462	Fidel Castro	A bearded socialist leader who overthrew a dictator in 1959 and established a Marxist socialist state in Cuba, only 90 miles from the United States. He nationalized American-owned businesses and the U.S. cut off trade with the country. (p. 587)	38
9035349463	military-industrial complex	In his farewell address, President Eisenhower warned the nation to "guard against the acquisition of unwarranted influence... by the military-industrial complex". (p. 587)	39
9035349464	Jackie Robinson	The first African American player in major league baseball. His actions helped to bring about other opportunities for African Americans. (p. 588)	40
9035349465	causes of movement	The origins of the 1950s civil rights movement was the migration of African Americans to the North where they gained more political power. As the United States battled the Soviets for the hearts and minds of people around the world, it was clear that racial discrimination in the U.S. was a wrong that needed to be corrected. (p. 588)	41
9035349466	NAACP	The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People tried to protect the constitutional right of African Americans. (p. 588)	42
9035349467	desegregation	The action of incorporating a racial or religious group into a community. (p. 588)	43
9035349468	Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka	In May 1954, the Supreme Court agreed with Thurgood Marshal and ruled that "separate facilities are inherently unequal" and unconstitutional, and that school segregation should end immediately. (p. 588)	44
9035349469	Earl Warren	Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, who presided over the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka case, which overturned Plessy v. Ferguson. (p. 588)	45
9035349470	Southern Manifesto	After the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka Supreme Court decision, 101 members of Congress signed this manifesto condemning the Supreme Court for a "clear abuse of judicial power". (p. 588)	46
9035349471	Little Rock Crisis	In 1957, Governor Faubus used the Arkansas National Guard to prevent nine black students from entering Little Rock Central High School. President Eisenhower sent federal troops to ensure the black students could attend class. (p. 589)	47
9035349472	Rosa Parks	In 1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, a middle aged black woman refused to give up her seat on a bus, which led to her arrest for violating segregation laws. This triggered an African American protest of boycotting the city buses. (p. 589)	48
9035349473	Montgomery bus boycott	Rosa Park sparked a massive Afican American protest of the Montgomery, Alabama buses. (p. 589)	49
9035349474	Martin Luther King Jr.	The minister of a Baptist church in Montgomery, Alabama, and a civil rights leader. (p. 589)	50
9035349475	Civil Rights acts of 1957, 1960	The first civil rights laws since Reconstruction, they formed the Civil Rights Commission and provided some protection for the voting rights of blacks. (p. 590)	51
9035349476	Civil Rights Commission	Created by civil rights laws of 1957 and 1960. (p. 590)	52
9035349477	Southern Christian Leadership Conference	In 1957, Martin Luther King Jr. organized ministers and churches to create this civil rights organization. (p. 590)	53
9035349478	nonviolent protest	To call attention to the injustice of segregated facilities students would deliberately invite arrest by sitting in restricted areas. (p. 590)	54
9035349479	sit-in movement	In February 1960, African American college students in Greensboro, North Carolina created this protest after they were refused service at a segregated Woolworth's lunch counter. (p. 590)	55
9035349480	Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee	In 1960, an organization that called attention to the sit-in movement. (p. 590)	56
9035349481	immigration issues	In the 1950s, Congress dropped the bans on Chinese and other Asian immigrants and eliminated race as barrier to naturalization. (p. 590)	57
9035349482	Operation Wetback	In the early 1950s, this program forced an estimated 3.8 million people to return to Mexico. (p. 590)	58
9035349483	homogeneity	A description of American 1950s culture. (p. 590)	59
9035349484	popular culture	In the 1950s, white suburbanites conformed to societal norms. (p. 590)	60
9035349485	paperbacks	This innovation in books, started in the 1950s, and led to the sales of a million copies per day by 1960. (p. 591)	61
9035349486	television	A curiosity in the late 1940s, by 1961 there were 55 million of these devices in America. (p. 591)	62
9035349487	rock and roll	Teenagers loved this popular music which was available as inexpensive records during the 1950s. (p. 591)	63
9035349488	consumer culture	In the 1950s, consensus and conformity were hallmarks of the American culture. Television, advertising, and the middle-class move to the suburbs, contributed to this culture. (p. 590)	64
9035349489	fast food	There was a proliferation of these restaurants in the 1950s. (p. 591)	65
9035349490	credit cards	A new method of payment in the 1950s. (p. 591)	66
9035349491	conglomerates	In the 1950s, large businesses with diversified holdings began to dominate industries such as food processing, hotels, transportation, insurance, and banking. (p. 591)	67
9035349492	social critics	In the 1950s, conformity was valued. William Whyte documented the loss of individuality in his book, "The Organization Man" (p. 591)	68
9035349493	The Lonely Crowd	In 1958, this book by Harvard sociologist David Riesman criticised the replacement of inner direct individuals with other directed conformists. (p. 592)	69
9035349494	The Affluent Society	In 1958, economist by John Kenneth Galbraith wrote this book about the failure of wealthy American to address the need for increased social spending for the common good. (p. 592)	70
9035349495	The Catcher in the Rye	A 1950s book by J. D. Salinger, it provided a classic commentary on phoniness as viewed by a troubled teenager. (p. 592)	71
9035349496	Catch-22	A 1950s book by Joseph Heller that satirized the stupidity of the military and war. (p. 592)	72
9035349497	beatniks	A group of rebellious writer and intellectuals led by Jack Kerouac and Allen Ginsberg. They advocated spontaneity, use of drugs, and rebellion against societal standards. (p. 592)	73

Powered by Quizlet.com

AMSCO AP US History Chapter 28 Flashcards

AMSCO United States History 2015 Edition, Chapter 28 Promise and Turmoil, The 1960s

Terms : Hide Images

9035359835	Election of 1960	In this election, Democrat John F. Kennedy ran against Republican Richard M. Nixon. Television was perhaps the most decisive factor in this very close race which Kennedy won. (p. 601)	0
9035359836	John F. Kennedy	In 1960, this 43 year old senator from Massachusetts appeared more vigorous and comfortable on the first televised debates than Richard Nixon. He won the presidency in a very close election, that many Republicans including Nixon, said had been stolen by illegal voting in some Democrat controlled polls. (p. 601)	1
9035359837	New Frontier	President Kennedy proposed new domestic programs such as aid to education, federal support of health care, urban renewal, and civil rights. These programs did not become law until many of them passed in the Lyndon Johnson administration. (p. 601)	2
9035359838	Jacqueline Kennedy	As first lady in the early 1960s, she brought style, glamor, and appreciation of the arts to the White House. (p. 601)	3
9035359839	Robert Kennedy	He was attorney general during his brother John Kennedy's administration. In 1964, he was elected as a senator in New York. In 1968, he decided to enter the presidential race after Eugene McCarthy's strong showing in New Hampshire. On June 5, 1968, he won a major victory in the California Democratic primary but was shot and killed just after his victory speech. (p. 616)	4
9035359840	race to the moon	President Kennedy committed the U.S. to land on the moon by the end of the 1960s decade. (p. 602)	5
9035359841	assassination in Dallas	On November 22, 1963, in Dallas, Texas, after just two and a half years in office, President John Kennedy was shot and killed. (p. 603)	6
9035359842	Warren Commission	Chief Justice Earl Warren headed this commission which concluded that Lee Harvey Oswald was the lone assassin in President Kennedy's murder. Many unanswered questions lead to various theories about the assassination. For many Americans, this marked the beginning of the loss of credibility in government. (p. 604)	7
9035359843	Peace Corps	In 1961, President Kennedy set up this organization, which recruited young American volunteers to give technical aid to developing countries. (p. 602)	8
9035359844	Alliance for Progress	In 1961, President Kennedy created this organization to promote land reform and economic development in Latin America. (p. 602)	9
9035359845	Trade Expansion Act	In 1962, this act authorized tariff reduction with the recently formed European Economic Community (Common Market) of Western European nations. (p. 602)	10
9035359846	Bay of Pigs	In April 1961, the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) trained Cuban exiles to attempt the invasion of Cuba and the overthrow of Fidel Castro. The invasion failed and Castro tightened his grip on Cuba. (p. 602)	11
9035359847	Berlin Wall	In 1961, the East Germans, with Soviet backing built this wall around West Berlin to stop East Germans from escaping to West Germany. (p. 602)	12
9035359848	Cuban missile crisis	In October 1962 the United States discovered that the Soviets were building underground offensive missile sites in Cuba. President Kennedy responded by announcing a naval blockade of Cuba until the missiles were removed. Nuclear war seemed possible until Soviet premier Nikita Khrushchev agreed to remove the missiles in exchange for a pledge that the U.S. would not invade Cuba and the U.S. would remove some missiles from Turkey. (p. 602)	13
9035359849	flexible response	President Kennedy increased spending on conventional arms and mobile military forces. This type of military force could be used in response to smaller wars in Africa and Southeast Asia and avoid the possibility of having to use nuclear weapons in these conflicts. (p. 603)	14
9035359850	Nuclear Test Ban Treaty	In 1963, the United States and 100 other nations signed this agreement to end the testing of nuclear weapons in the atmosphere. (p. 603)	15
9035359851	Lyndon Johnson	On November 22, 1963, just two hours after John Kennedy's assassination he took presidential oath of office aboard an airplane at the Dallas airport. In the 1964 presidential election he easily defeated Senator Barry Goldwater. In 1968, he decided to not run for president again. (p. 604)	16
9035359852	Great Society	President Lyndon Johnson was determined to expand the social reforms of the New Deal and passed a long list of new programs that would have a lasting effect on American society. (p. 604)	17
9035359853	War on Poverty	In 1964, President Johnson declared "an unconditional war on poverty". (p. 604)	18
9035359854	Michael Harrington, "The Other America"	In 1962 this best-selling book that focused on the 40 million Americans living in poverty. (p. 604)	19
9035359855	Election of 1964	In this presidential election, Democrats Lyndon Johnson and Hubert Humphrey ran against the very conservative Senator Barry Goldwater of Arizona. Johnson and Humphrey easily won, capturing 61 percent of the popular vote. (p. 605)	20
9035359856	Barry Goldwater	The Republican presidential candidate in 1964. He was an Arizona Senator who advocated ending the welfare state, including TVA and Social Security. (p. 605)	21
9035359857	Medicare; Medicaid	This first program provides health insurance program for all people 65 years of age and older. This second program provides funds to states to pay for medical care for the poor and disabled. (p. 605)	22
9035359858	Elementary and Secondary Education Act	This 1965 act provided federal funds to poor school districts, funds for special education, and funds to expand Head Start. (p. 605)	23
9035359859	Immigrant Act	This 1965 act abolished discriminatory quotas based on national origins. (p. 605)	24
9035359860	National Foundation on the Arts and Humanities	This agency formed in 1965 provided federal funding for the arts and for creative and scholarly projects. (p. 605)	25
9035359861	DOT and HUD	President Lyndon Johnson established the Department of Transportation (DOT) and the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). (p. 606)	26
9035359862	Ralph Nader, "Unsafe at Any Speed"	His 1965 book lead Congress to pass automobile industry regulations that would save thousands of lives. (p. 606)	27
9035359863	Rachel Carson, "Silent Spring"	Her 1962 book exposed the use of pesticides and would lead Congress to pass clean air and water laws. (p. 606)	28
9035359864	Lady Bird Johnson	This first lady contributed to improving the environment with her Beautify America campaign which lead to the Highway Beautification Act. (p. 606)	29
9035359865	Civil Rights Act of 1964	This act made segregation illegal in all public facilities and gave the federal government additional powers to enforce school desegregation. (p. 606)	30
9035359866	Equal Employment Opportunity Commission	This agency was created to end discrimination in employment on the basis of race, religion, sex, or national origin. (p. 606)	31
9035359867	24th Amendment	In 1964, this amendment abolished the practice of collecting a poll tax, one of the measures that discouraged poor people from voting. (p. 606)	32
9035359868	Voting Rights Act of 1965	In 1965, this act ended literacy tests and provided federal registrars in areas in which blacks were kept from voting. (p. 606)	33
9035359869	James Meredith	In 1962, a young African American air force veteran who attempted to enroll in the University of Mississippi. President Kennedy sent 400 federal marshals and 3,000 troops to protect his rights to attend the university. (p. 607)	34
9035359870	George Wallace	In 1968, he was the American Independent party presidential candidate. The growing hostility of many whites to federal desegregation, antiwar protests, and race riots was tapped by his campaign. (p. 616)	35
9035359871	Martin Luther King Jr.	In August 1963, he led 200,000 people in a peaceful March on Washington. (p. 607)	36
9035359872	March on Washington	In August 1963, Dr. Martin Luther King led one of the largest and most the successful demonstrations in U.S. history when about 200,000 blacks and whites took part in this peaceful march. The highlight was Dr. King's famous "I Have a Dream Speech" at the Lincoln Memorial. (p. 607)	37
9035359873	"I Have a Dream" Speech	The greatest speech in American history (according to americanrhetoric.com). It was the highlight of the August 1963 March on Washington in which Dr. Martin Luther King in front of the Lincoln Memorial made an emotional appeal for the end of racial prejudice. (p. 607)	38
9035359874	March to Montgomery	In 1965, this was a voting rights march from Selma Alabama to the capitol in Montgomery. Television showed protesters being beaten and tear gassed and the march was a turning point in the civil rights movement. President Johnson sent federal troops to protect the marchers. (p. 607)	39
9035359875	Black Muslims	Their leader Elijah Muhammad preached black nationalism, separatism, and self-improvement. (p. 608)	40
9035359876	Malcom X	He acquired a reputation as the Black Muslim movement's most controversial voice. He criticized Martin Luther King as "an Uncle Tom" and advocated self-defense against white violence. (p. 608)	41
9035359877	Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee	This civil rights organization of young blacks, influenced by Malcolm X, repudiated non-violence and advocated "black power" and racial separatism. (p. 608)	42
9035359878	Congress of Racial Equality	This civil rights organization of young blacks was influenced by Malcolm X. (p. 608)	43
9035359879	Stokely Carmichael	The leader of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) repudiated non-violence and advocated "black power" and racial separatism. (p. 608)	44
9035359880	Black Panthers	In 1966, this organization was founded by Huey Newton, Bobby Seale and other militants as a revolutionary socialist movement advocating self-rule for American blacks. (p. 608)	45
9035359881	Watts riots, race riots	In the summer of 1965 the arrest of a black motorist in the Watts neighborhood of Los Angeles led to a six-day riot that resulted in the deaths of 34 people and the destruction of 700 buildings. (p. 608)	46
9035359882	de facto segregation	Segregation and discrimination caused by racists attitudes in the North and the West. (p. 608)	47
9035359883	Kerner Commission	In 1968, this federal investigation of many riots concluded that racism and segregation were chiefly responsible and that the U.S. was becoming "two societies, one black, one white-separate and unequal". (p. 608)	48
9035359884	King assassination	In April 1968, while standing on a motel balcony in Memphis, Tennessee Martin Luther King was shot and killed by a white man. Riots erupted in hundreds of cities across the U.S. and resulted in 46 deaths. (p. 609)	49
9035359885	Warren Court	The Supreme Court under Earl Warren. It had an impact on the nation comparable to that of the John Marshall Court. (p. 609)	50
9035359886	Mapp v. Ohio	In 1961, this Supreme Court case ruled that illegally seized evidence cannot be used in court against the accused. (p. 609)	51
9035359887	Gideon v. Wainwright	In 1966, this Supreme Court case ruled that that state courts must provide counsel for poor defendants. (p. 609)	52
9035359888	Escobedo v. Illinois	In 1964, the Supreme Court ruling that required the police to inform an arrested person of his or her right to remain silent. (p. 609)	53
9035359889	Miranda v. Arizona	In 1966, the Supreme Court extended the ruling in Escobedo to include the right to a lawyer being present during questioning by the police. (p. 609)	54
9035359890	reapportionment	The process of reallocating seats in the House of Representatives. (p. 609)	55
9035359891	Baker v. Carr	In 1962, the Supreme Court declared it was unconstitutional for one house of a state legislature to draw district lines that strongly favored rural areas, to the disadvantage of large cities. (p. 609)	56
9035359892	one man, one vote	This principle meant that election districts would have to be redrawn to provide equal representation for all of a state's citizens. (p. 609)	57
9035359893	Yates v. Unted States	In 1957, the Supreme Court ruled that the first amendment protected radical and revolutionary speech, even by Communists, unless it was a "clear and present danger" to the safety of the country. (p. 610)	58
9035359894	separation of church and state	Engel vs. Vitale ruled that state laws requiring prayers and Bible readings in the public schools violated the first amendments provision for this. (p. 610)	59
9035359895	Engel v. Vitale	In 1962, the Supreme Court ruled that state laws requiring prayers and Bible readings in the public schools violated the first amendment's provision for separation of church and state. (p. 610)	60
9035359896	Griswold v. Connecticut	In 1965, the Supreme Court ruled that in recognition of a citizen's right to privacy, a state could not prohibit the use of contraceptives by adults. (p. 610)	61
9035359897	privacy and contraceptives	In 1965, the Supreme Court ruled in Griswold v. Connecticut case that a citizen's had the right to privacy, and a state could not prohibit the use of contraceptives by adults. (p. 610)	62
9035359898	Students for a Democratic Society	In 1962, this group of radical students led by Tom Hayden issued a declaration of purposes known as the Port Huron Statement. It called for university decisions to be made through a participatory democracy. (p. 610)	63
9035359899	New Left	Activists and intellectuals who supported Tom Hayden's ideas. (p. 610)	64
9035359900	Weathermen	They were the most radical fringe of the SDS, they embraced violence and vandalism in their attacks on American institutions. (p. 611)	65
9035359901	counterculture	Expressed by young people in their rebellious styles of dress, music, drug use, and for some, communal living. (p. 611)	66
9035359902	Woodstock	In the summer of 1969, about 500,000 million young people descended on upper New York State farm for what turned into a free music festival. In the early morning hours of the last day Jimi Hendrix played his jaw dropping version of the "Stars Spangled Banner" featuring amplifier feedback to convey bombs falling, jets overhead, and cries of human anguish. (p. 611)	67
9035359903	Alfred Kinsey	In the late 1940s he did pioneering surveys of sexual practice. (p. 611)	68
9035359904	sexual revolution	One aspect of counterculture that continued beyond the 1960s was a change in many Americans' attitudes toward sexual expression. (p. 611)	69
9035359905	women's movement	The increased education and employment of women in the 1950s, the civil rights movement, and the sexual revolution all contributed to a renewal of this movement in the 1960s. (p. 612)	70
9035359906	Betty Friedan, "The Feminine Mystique"	She gave the women's movement a new direction by encouraging middle-class women to seek fulfillment in professional careers rather than confining themselves to the roles of wife, mother, and homemaker. (p. 612)	71
9035359907	National Organization for Women	In 1966, this organization was formed. They adopted activist tactics of other civil rights movements to secure equal treatment of women, especially for job opportunities. (p. 612)	72
9035359908	Equal Pay Act	In 1963, this act prohibited discrimination in employment and compensation on the basis of gender. (p. 612)	73
9035359909	Equal Rights Amendment (ERA)	This proposed constitutional amendment stated that "equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of sex". It just missed being passed. (p. 612)	74
9035359910	military advisors	By 1963, the United States was becoming more involved in helping South Vietnam. President Kennedy provided military advisors and 16,000 support troops, but not combat troops. (p. 613)	75
9035359911	fall of Diem	In 1963, South Vietnam's leader was overthrown and killed by South Vietnamese generals. (p. 613)	76
9035359912	Tonkin Gulf Resolution	In 1964, North Vietnamese gunboats allegedly fired on U.S. warships off the coast of Vietnam. Congress gave approval for President Johnson to wage war in Vietnam. (p. 613)	77
9035359913	escalation of troops	In April 1965, President Johnson used U.S. combat troops in Vietnam for the first time. Johnson continued a step-by-step escalation and by March 1969 there were 540,000 troops deployed to Vietnam. (p. 613)	78
9035359914	General Westmoreland	Commander of U.S. armed forces in Vietnam. (p. 614)	79
9035359915	credibility gap	The media's term for President Johnson's reluctance to speak frankly with the American people about the scope and costs of the Vietnam war. (p. 614)	80
9035359916	Tet Offensive	In January 1968, the Vietcong (North Vietnam troops) launched an all-out surprise attack on almost every provincial capital and American base in South Vietnam. The U.S. military counterattacked and recovered the lost territory. However, the destruction viewed on television in the United States, appeared as a setback for the U.S. efforts. (p. 615)	81
9035359917	hawks and doves	Hawks believed that the Vietnam War was part of a Soviet-backed Communist master plan to conquer all of Southeast Asia. Doves believed it was a civil war, fought by Vietnamese nationalists and some Communists who wanted to unite their country by overthrowing a corrupt Saigon government. (p. 615)	82
9035359918	LBJ withdraws	On March 23, 1968, President Johnson made a television address in which he said that the U.S. would limit bombing of North Vietnam and negotiate peace. He also announced that he would not run for president in 1968. (p. 615)	83
9035359919	Eugene McCarthy	The first antiwar candidate to challenge for the 1968 Democratic presidential nomination. (p. 615)	84
9035359920	RFK assassination	On June 5, 1968, after he had won the California Democratic primary Robert F. Kennedy (RFK) was shot and killed by an Arab nationalist. (p. 616)	85
9035359921	Hubert Humphrey	The liberal Democratic candidate in the presidential election of 1968. He had been Lyndon Johnson's vice president. (p. 616)	86
9035359922	Chicago convention	The 1968 Democratic Convention was held in Chicago. Television showed what looked like a "police riot" as antiwar protesters were brutally beaten. (p. 616)	87
9035359923	white backlash	In the 1968 presidential election, the growing hostility of many whites to federal desegregation, antiwar protests, and race riots was tapped by Governor George Wallace of Alabama. He became the American Independent party's presidential candidate. (p. 616)	88
9035359924	Richard Nixon	He served as vice president under Eisenhower from 1953 to 1960. He was nominated as the Republican candidate for president in 1960, but lost the close election to John Kennedy. In 1968 he was elected president, and again in 1972. However, he was forced to resign the presidency in 1974. (p. 600)	89

Powered by Quizlet.com

Important Dates to Remember AP US History Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images

5024694115	1607	Jamestown Virginia Founded	0
5024699699	1612	John Rolfe Brings Tobacco to Virginia	1
5024702085	1619	House of Burgesses Established in Virginia	2
5054096390	1620	Pilgrims Establish Plymouth	3
5024694116	1649	Toleration Act in Maryland	4
5054087540	1681	Pennsylvania Founded	5
5143938860	1688 (Writer)	John Locke writes Two Treatises on Government	6
5024694118	1692	Witch Trials	7
5024694119	1754-1763	French and Indian War	8
5024694120	1763 (America)	Proclamation of 1763 (forbade colonization west of the Appalachians)	9
5054115439	1763 (Europe)	Peace of Paris ends Seven Years War/French and Indian War.	10
5143932905	1763 (Salutary Neglect)	End of Salutary Neglect in America	11
5143950331	1764-1765 (Taxes)	Sugar Act, Quartering Act, Stamp Act	12
5024694122	1770	Boston Massacre	13
5024694123	1773	Tea Party	14
5024694124	1775	Lexington and Concord	15
5024694125	1776	Decalaration of Independence	16
5024694126	1777	Battle of Saratoga, France enters revolutionary war	17
5024694128	1783	Treaty of Paris Ends Revolutionary War	18
5024694129	1787	Constitutinal Convention	19
5024694130	1788	Washington's Election	20
5143969428	1798 (France)	French Revolution, Storming of the Bastille	21
5024694131	1798 (Event)	XYZ Affair	22
5024694132	1798 (Acts)	Alien and Sedition Act	23
5024694133	1800 (Event)	Convention of 1800	24
5024694134	1800 (Person)	Jefferson's Election	25
5024694135	1803	Lousiana Purchase	26
5024694136	1812-1815	War of 1812	27
5024694137	1814 (Battle)	Battle of New Orleans	28
5024694138	1816-1824	Era of Good Feelings	29
5024694139	1820 (Compromise)	Missouri Compromise	30
5024694140	1823 (Doctrine)	Monroe Doctrine	31
5024694141	1820's	Sectionalism	32
5024694142	1828	Jackson's Election	33
5024694143	1828-1830	Tariff Crisis	34
5024694144	1830 (Act)	Indian Removal Act	35
5024694145	1832	Nat Turner Rebellion	36
5024694146	1830-1850	Manifest Destiny	37
5024694147	1836	Battle of the Alamo	38
5024694148	1844 (President)	Polk's Election	39
5024694149	1845	Texas Annexation	40
5024694150	1845-1848	Mexican American War	41
5024694151	1848	Seneca Falls Convention	42
6704724179	1848 (President)	Zachary Taylor Elected	43
5024694152	1850 (Compromise)	Compromise of 1850	44
6704730938	1850 (President)	Millard Fillmore Elected	45
5024694154	1852 (Book)	Uncle Tom's Cabin	46
6704738058	1854 (President)	Franklin Pierce Elected	47
5024694155	1854	Bleeding Kansas	48
6704748073	1856 (President)	James Buchanan Elected	49
5024694156	1857 (Court Case)	Dred Scott Case	50
5024694157	1858	Lincoln Douglas Debates	51
5024694158	1860 (President)	Lincoln's Election	52
5024694159	1861-1865	Civil War	53
5024694160	1862	Homestead Act	54
5024694161	1863 (Battle)	Gettysburg	55
5024694162	1867 (Acts)	Reconstruction Acts	56
5024694163	1867 (State)	Alaska	57
5024694164	1876 (President)	Hayes Election	58
5024694165	1876	Little Bighorn	59
5024694166	1886	Haymarket Square Riot	60
5024694167	1887 (Act)	Dawes Severalty Act	61
5024694168	1887 (Act)	Interstate Commerce Act	62
5024694169	1890	Wounded Knee	63
5024694170	1890 (Act)	Sherman Anti-Trust Act	64
5024694171	1894	Pullman Strike	65
5024694172	1896	Election--Mckinley--Bryan	66
5024694173	1896 (Court Case)	Plessy vs. Ferguson	67
5024694174	1898	Hawaii	68
5024694175	1898 (War)	Spanish American War	69
5024694176	1900 (President)	Theodore Roosevelt Elected	70
5024694177	1903 (Invention)	Wright Brothers	71
6704675400	1908 (President)	Taft Elected	72
5024694178	1912 (President)	Wilson Elected	73
5024694179	1915	RMS Lusitania Sunk, British Ship	74
5024694180	1916	Wilson's Neutrality	75
5024694181	1917	US enters WWI	76
5024694182	1920 (Amendment)	19th Amendment (Women get the vote)	77
5024694183	1920 (President)	Harding Election	78
5024694184	1920's (Relations with Russia)	Red Scare	79
5024694185	1920's (Amendment)	Prohibition, 18th Amendment	80
5024694186	1928	Hoover's Election	81
5024694187	1929	Stock Market Crash, Black Friday	82
5024694188	1932	Bonus Army	83
5024694189	1932 (President)	FDR Elected	84
5024694190	1935	Social Security	85
5024694191	1939	WWII Starts	86
5024694192	1941	Pearl Harbor	87
5024694193	1944	D-Day	88
5024694194	1945	Atomic Bomb	89
5024694195	1945-1989	Cold War	90
5024694196	1947	Truman Doctrine	91
5024694197	1950 (Korean)	Korean War	92
5024694198	1952 (President)	Ike Elected	93
5024694199	1950's	McCarthyism	94
5024694200	1954 (Court Case)	Brown vs. Board	95
5024694201	1955	Montgomery Bus Boycott	96
5024694202	1957 (Russia)	Sputnik	97
5024694203	1957	Little Rock Crisis	98
5024694204	1960 (Issues with Russia)	U2 Spy Plane	99
5024694205	1960	Sit-In Movement	100
5024694206	1960 (President)	JFK Elected	101
5024694207	1962	Cuban Missile Crisis	102
5024694208	1963	March on Washington	103
5024694209	1963 (Someone Dies)	JFK assassinated	104
5024694210	1964 (Act)	Civil RIghts Act	105
5024694211	1964	Freedom Summer	106
5024694212	1965	Voting Rights Axct	107
5024694213	1965 (Someone Dies)	Malcolm X killed	108
5024694214	1968 (Someone Dies)	Martin Luther King killed	109
5024694215	1968	Tet Offensive	110
5024694216	1968 (President)	Nixon Elected	111
5024694217	1972	Watergate Break-In	112
5024694218	1979	Iranian Hostage Crisis	113
5024694219	1980 (President)	Reagan Elected	114
5024694220	1989	Cold War Ends	115
5024694221	1991	Desert Storm	116
5024694222	1992 (President)	Clinton Elected	117
5024694223	2000 (President)	George Bush Elected	118
5024694224	2001	9-11 Attacks	119

Powered by Quizlet.com

AP US history Midterm Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images

6864775918	all the wars going on in Europe, Asia, and the Pacific Islands would be combined into one war --- World War II	As a result of the Japanese "sneak" attack on Pearl Harbor and other pacific possessions? A. The U.s. would be involved in it own war with Japan separate from the war going on in Europe B.all the wars going on in Europe,Asia, and the Pacific islands would be combined into one war -- World War II C. United States territorial possessions in east Asia and the Pacific islands would be permanently lost to US control D. The way would be open for the union of soviet socialist republicans to spread their influence into Asia	0
6326533801	Bacon's Rebellion	The event that led tot eh end of the labor system of indentured servitude? A. salem witch trials B. King Phillips war C. Bacon's rebellion D. passage of the navigation act	1
6326558173	Farm Animals	By the location of their dwellings the passage I comparing the workers on the plantations with? A. Native Americans B. European immigrants C. forest animals D. farm animals	2
6326578801	inheritance from their well off middle class families	The planter class rose to a position to be free from physical toil as result of A. legislation from the colonial assemblies B. inheritance from their well off middle class families C. grants of land from the ruling monarchs of Great Britain D. hard work in acquiring the lands of the plantation	3
6326605431	Puritan (protestant) ethic	In term of the development of the American character the planter class did NOT have what characteristic that is considered to be an essential ingredient in its development? A. Puritan (Protestant) ethic B. Respect for liberty C. Constitutionalism D. Principles of republicanism	4
6326629835	Puritans	The observations made in the passage above tends to contradict the commonly accepted views of which group? A. Puritan B. Separatists C. Frontiersmen D. Pioneers	5
6326647601	Settlement house	The ideas of progress, perfectibility, and betterment as expressed in the Ver Steeg interpretation influenced which late 19th and early 20th century movement? A. Gospel of Wealth B. Settlement House C. social Darwinism D. Nativism	6
6326677706	Pragmatism	The Buoyant, self confident, optimistic view of the colonial Americans led to 19th century belief A. religious conformity B. original sin C. secularism D. Pragmatism	7
6326735013	progress and betterment	The two concepts that dominated the daily lives of the colonials were A. condemned and doomed B. economic hardship C. progress and betterment D. enlightenment philosophy	8
6326758618	social	The type or kind of history that is contained in the above document could best be described as being written from which of the following frame of reference (aka Point of View)?	9
6326781174	upper class and the masses	According to the interpretation which types of people were welcome in the plantations? A. Fellow slave owning planters B. the social equal of the owners C. Upper class and the masses D. spiritual and religious ones	10
6326798795	Private home vacation rentals	Complaints by innkeepers about the hospitality of the planters hurting their business are similar to the complaints of modern day hotels who try to stop which enterprise A. roadside and motels B. bed and breakfast C. destination resorts D private home vacation	11
6328090151	wanted to hear the news of what was going on in the world and in the colony	One reason why the planters invited all types of people into his house was that he A. viewed these people as potential investors in his business B. wanted to hear the news of what was going on in the world and in the colony C. believed that all people, regardless of their race, were equal in the eyes of God D. hoped to run for political office in the future and was trying to get their support	12
6328124879	Columbian Exchange	Sugar became a major product in going from the Caribbean to Europe in what is now usually called the A. market revolution B. commercial revitalization C. Columbian exchange D. triangle trade	13
6328161595	gave up larger land areas for smaller ones that produced it	According to the passage above sugar became so important that European countries A. used it as a form of money B. gave up larger land areas for smaller ones that produced it C. made alliances to fight the British to keep them from gaining a sugar monopoly D. went into debt producing it	14
6328195462	the amount of sugar consumption was more than 1/3rd of a pound a day per person among North Americans	A historical continuity that started in the 17th century and continued into the 20th century is that A. the amount o sugar consumption was more than 1/3rd of a pound a day per person B. countries with the largest amount of sugar production became the richest countries in the world C. the final ending of slavery in Brazil in 1888 brought an end to sugar production in Latin America D. in order to curb sugar consumption laws were passed in the united states to curtail its production	15
6329409519	democracy	The political term frequently associated with the Jacksonian era is A. democracy B. republic C. confederation D. popular sovereignty	16
6329431413	Jeffersonians	Although the two movements differed the Jacksonians liked to trace their origins back to the A. anti-federalists B. Federalists C. Jeffersonians D. Whigs	17
6329452725	Democrats	From 1828 to 1860 the Jacksonians became the dominant political party and were called which party? A. National Republicans B. Federalist C. Democratic -Republicans D. Democrats	18
6329490325	distrust of privilege and large businesses, belief in rotation in office, support for states' rights	The issues the Jacksonians believed in included A. support for the national bank, and internal improvements B. distrust of privilege and large businesses, belief in rotation in office, support for states' rights C. reforms like temperance, abolitionism, mental health, prisons, schools, vegetarianism, peace D. Homestead Act, Wilmot Proviso, Preemption, Nativism, sabbatarianism	19
6329643908	his imperious nature included trampling the constitution and use of the veto to create one-man rule	Which of the following is the best interpretation of the meaning of the above political cartoon? A. Jackson wanted to have the dame prestige that European monarchs had B. his imperious nature included trampling the constitution and use of the veto to create one-man rule C. The throne and scepter symbolized a republics equality with the royalty of Europe D. Political opponents depicted him s weakling and a coward	20
6329716913	Imperial presidencies of Johnson and Nixon	Which of the following could be a considered to be a continuity in untied state history similar to the depiction of Jackson? A. Expansionist presidencies of Polk and Taylor B. Progressive presidencies of Roosevelt and Wilson C. conservative presidencies of Coolidge and Hoover D. Imperial presidencies of Johnson and Nixon	21
6329788369	Veto of the re-charter bill for the second bank of the united states	Which of the following actions by President Andrew Jackson best supports the interpretation of his presidency in the cartoon shown above? A.Expulsion of the Cherokee nation from Georgia and Tennessee B. Refusal to support the admission of Texas to the union as a slave state C. Veto of the re-charter bill for the second bank of the united states D. Adoption of the independent treasury plan	22
6330009168	Land of ownership	In the passage above Tecumseh points out an important philosophical difference between the Indians and the whites over which issue that the Dawes and Wheelor-Howard Act would try to solve? A. Role of chief B. Decisions of the council C. Land ownership D. Religion	23
6330076387	Dawes Severalty Act	A subsequent decision by U.S. politicians to impose assimilation by making the Indians into yeoman farmers was passage of the A. homestead Act B. Morrill Act C. Newlands Act D. Dawes Severalty Act	24
6330106682	Trail of Tears	in what would prove to be the ultimate indignity for the Indians, the civilized tribes of the southeast would be forced of miles west in what became known as the A. Great Trek B. Trail of Tears C. Mass Migration D. Native American Exodus	25
6330187195	riot and intimidate officials to stop the distribution of the stamps	The colonial response to the Stamp Act was to A. comply with the law as a good British subjects B. rely upon petitions to get the law repealed by parliament C. riot and intimidate officials to stop the distribution of the stamps D. file legal action against the act so the British courts could nullify the act	26
6330227375	American Revolution	The action of the colonials in this 1765 incident would ultimately lead to the A. American Revolution B. writing the constitution C. abolition of the navigation acts D. jailing of the mob leaders	27
6330306708	Sons of liberty	In order to improve their image, after this incident against the Stamp Act the Boston mob began to call themselves A. Minutemen B. Committees of Correspondence C. Colonial Militias D. Sons of Liberty	28
6330334836	Revolutionary War	The conflict that Patrick Henry is referring to eventually became the A. French and Indian War B. War between the States C. Revolutionary War D. American-British War	29
6330373742	Olive Branch	When Henry refers to " our petitions have been slighted" which of the following is a subsequent petition that was spurned by the British? A. Petition of Rights B. Olive Branch C. Petition to the Courts D. Laurel Wreath	30
6330419025	Manifest Destiny	The idea of God raising up friends to fight our battles for us became a major part of what 19th century movement that saw providence as guiding the country? A. Great Awakening B. Abolitionism C. Social Gospel D. Manifest Destiny	31
6330482406	I only regret that I have but one life to give for my country	Henry's statement of " give me liberty or give me death" was put into practice by Nathan Hale when he was being put to death by the British and said, A. I only regret that I have but one life to give for my country B. we have met the enemy and they are ours C. the end may justify the means as long as there is something to justify the end D. it is better to die on your feet than live on your knees	32
6330545727	Bill of Rights	Henry's statement of a British guard will stationed in every house was a reference to which British practice of quartering that was detested by the colonials and was later outlawed in the A. Articles of confederation B. Suffolk Resolves C. Washington's farewell address D. Bill of rights	33
6330571191	convening of the First Continental Congress	This 1773 event captured in the lithograph directly led to A. the death of Crispis Attucks and four others B. the establishment of "home rule" for Massachusetts C. British issuing the "writs of assistance" D. convening of the First Continental Congress	34
6330654722	Passed the Coercive Acts that the colonials called the Intolerable Acts	As a consequence of this event the British took which subsequent action? A. passed the coercive acts that the colonials called the intolerable acts B. petitioned the colonials legislature asking them to pay for the tea C. Rescinded the Tea Act because of the success of the Sons of Liberty D. blamed the Mohawk Indians for the destruction of the tea	35
6330693266	the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act, American Recovery and Reinvestment Act and Affordable Care Act	A modern day protest by groups calling themselves the " Tea Party" movement oppose A. an extension of the New Deal programs under President Clinton B. undeclared and unpaid for wars in Afghanistan and Iraq C.the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act, American Recovery and Reinvestment Act and Affordable Care Act D. Great Society overreaches including the War on Poverty, the War on Drugs, and Aid to Families with Dependent Children	36
6330842448	The revolution was two-sided, on one hand a struggle between the colonists and England and on the other hand a struggle between the colonists themselves	Which of the following statements could be used to support this interpretations? A. The revolution was two-sided, on one hand a struggle between the colonists and England and on the other hand a struggle between the colonists themselves B. These are the times that try men's souls. The summer soldier and the sunshine patriot will, in this crisis, shrink from the service of their country; but he that stand by it now, deserves the love and thanks of man and women C. Americans, although having political disagreements, some of which sparked violence, had nonetheless always operated within a framework of agreement on basic principles, namely political and economic liberalism D. Throughout American history there has been a wide consensus about which policies to follow and the colonists were no exception to this as they comprised a homogeneous group that engaged in a unified battle against the English as a common enemy	37
6330856582	The Revolution was effected [sic] before the War commenced. The Revolution was in the minds and hearts of the people, a change in their religious sentiments of their duties and obligations	All of the following are factual or interpretive statements that support the Becker interpretation Except A. the North-end mob clashed with the South- end mob over the political control of the streets of Boston B. James Otis' motivation in arguing against the "writs od assistance" had as much to do with his opposition to the Hutchinson machine that controlled the politics of Massachusetts as it did over any issue of " natural rights" C. class conflict between the merchants and the artisans characterized the internal revolution in the cities of the colonies D. The Revolution was effected [sic] before the War commenced. The Revolution was in the minds and hearts of the people, a change in their religious sentiments of their duties and obligations	38
6330903448	First Amendment	The ideas expressed in this document were later incorporated into A. the U.S. constitution B. Declaration of Independence C. First Amendment D. Gettysburg Address	39
6330926411	Absence of the word God	Most modern day neo-conservatives and conservatives would object to which of the following: A. the Christian practice of love and charity B. freedom of religion C. reason directing man's action D. Absence of the word God	40
6330952890	Foreign Policy	The development of political parties into Federalists and Jeffersonians came primarily because of discord over A. Religion B. Economics C. Social Structure D. Foreign Policy	41
6330952891	Federalists	The reference to foreign allegiance to the British was reference to which political party? A. Federalists B. Republican C. Whig D. Democratic	42
6330955766	Passage of the Alien and Sedition Acts	The Jeffersonians or Democratic Republicans were most opposed to which of the following Federalists sponsored measures that attempted to stifle the Jeffersonians dissent? A. undeclared naval war with France in the Caribbean B. Conduct of the French in th eXYZ affair C. Passage of the Alien and Sedition Acts D. Whiskey Tax	43
6331051187	birth	Class structure in America existed in the 1780s but was based on all of the following EXCEPT A. birth b. wealth c. property d. ability	44
6331062007	Gentlemen	Those who had the attributes of superior wealth and status in the in the 1780s in America were given the descriptive title of A. aristocracy b. the rich c. Mr. d. Gentlemen	45
6331080035	commerce/manufacturing	The change that occurred between the 1780s and the 1880s regarding men of wealth is that the men of wealth of the letter period, the so-called, nouveaux riche, or new rich were primarily men of a. property b. commerce/manufacturing c. high social status d. hereditary wealth	46
6331092494	gentlemen	Fashionable dress, education, art patronage and buying luxuries were all attributes of a. men of hereditary wealth b. the well born c. gentlemen d. self-made me	47
6331117454	Articles of Confederation	This government established in 1789 replaced which of following governments? a. Articles of Confederation b. Parliament c. Continental Congress d. Declaration of Independence	48
6331124922	Religious	The phrase "do ordain" in this document has what kind of connotation? a. Secular b. Religious c. Intellectual d. Economic	49
6331134931	sovereignty of the people	The Preamble to the United States Constitution was based on the idea of which theory of government? a. compact b. divine right c. sovereignty of the people d. hereditary	50
6331147139	change of government	The U.S. Constitution primarily represents a a. statement of philosophy b. propaganda document c. law or ordinance d. change of government	51
6331167780	Republican	Which modern day political party is often perceived as being the party of the rich, well-born, and the able? a. Republican b. Democrat c. Libertarian d. Federalist	52
6331176468	Democratic	What term was seen as a negative one by the Federalist and some of the Jeffersonians? a. Republican b. Aristocratic c. Democratic d. Federalism	53
6331187163	Andrew Jackson	The first time a political party could use the term democrat openly without trepidation was under which Man's Presidency? a. George Washington b. Andrew Jackson c. Martin Van Buren d. Abraham Lincoln	54
6331226737	1st Amendment to the U.S. Constitution	This statement is from which document in United states history? a. Preamble to the U.S. Constitution b. Declaration of Independence c. 1st Amendment to the U. S. Constitution d. Articles of Confederation	55
6331248951	Senate and House of Representatives	Which of the following institutions does the document refer to in prohibiting certain actions a. State Governments b. Senate and House of Representatives c. Supreme Court d. President and Cabinet	56
6331264651	civil liberties	The freedoms mentioned in the quotation above are usually known collectively as a. civil liberties b. rights of passage c. democracy d. liberal rights	57
6331277918	people have the right to found a religion and worship as they please	The phrase "respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof" means a. tax money can be used to support churches b. established churches can be supported by the government c. private religious schools are exempt from constitutional limitations d. people have the right to found a religion and worship as they please	58
6331292650	voting	All of the following are rights or freedom guaranteed in this document EXCEPT a. speech b. petition c. voting d. assembly	59
6331303821	House and Senate could not agree	The reason that the President of the United States was not given a title is because a. the Constitution forbid it b. Washington was not in favor of a title c. House and Senate could not agree d. a title was foreign to the American political experience	60
6331320804	Mr. President	The failure to provide the President with a formal title resulted in what subsequent title that emerged out of practice and experience? a. Mr. President b. Citizen President c. Hail to the Chief d. Honorable President	61
6331334912	European monarchies	The reference the Senate made of "a decent respect for the opinion and practice of civilized nations" was likely referring to a. the democratic nations of the world b. economic trading partners of the U.S. c. an international alliance system d. European monarchies	62
6331350530	Jacksonian democracy	What later 19th century political movement dealt the death knell to the trapping of monarchy that the Federalist flirted with? a. Manifest destiny and western expansion b. Jacksonian democracy c. Mid-Century immigration of Irish and Germans d. The Whig Party's American System	63
6331376844	Immigration of the Irish and the southern Germans	The great anti-Catholic crusade from 1830 to 1860 was caused primarily by which of the following events in the United States history? a. Immigration of the Irish and the southern Germans b. Manifest destiny bringing in large areas of Mexican territory c. Development of a national economy through the market revolution d. Sectionalism becoming the dominant characteristic of political life	64
6331402692	election of John F. Kennedy, a practicing Catholic as President	To a certain extent anti-Catholicism was put to rest in the mid-20th century with the a. merger of the Roman Catholic and mainstream Protestant churches b. inter-marriage of Catholics with non-Catholics c. election of John F. Kennedy, a practicing Catholic as President d. acceptance by the Church of modern religious practices like the non-Latin Mass	65
6331418864	Republicans	The American or Know-Nothing Party became the second largest political party in the House of Representatives with 52 members to the Democrats 82 in 1854 but their numbers would plummet in 1856 as which new party took most of their membership? a. Democrats b. Republicans c. Whigs d. Free Soil	66
6331441480	Ireland	A primary reason for the anti-Catholic crusade was the large number of immigrants who were arriving from a. the Balkans b. Scandinavia c. Mediterranean countries d. Ireland	67
6331456205	Uncle Tom's Cabin	Which popular novel against slavery was inspired by Weld's book? a. Gone With the Wind b. Red Badge of Courage c. Uncle Tom's Cabin d. The Impending Crisis of the South	68
6331466363	Abolition	The sentiments expressed in the above passage were a part of which movement to get rid of slavery? a. Colonization b. Emancipation c. Eradication d. Abolition	69
6331484270	the words of the slave owners themselves	The Weld book proved the inhumanity of the institution of slavery in the South primarily by a. running newspaper advertisements in the South condemning slavery b. the words of the slave owners themselves c. comparing it to slavery in Africa and the Middle East d. analyzing laws in the South that defended and protected slavery	70
6331502861	2nd Great Awakening	The Evangelicalism referred to in the above passage was a part of which mid 19th century movement a. Transcendentalism b. Enlightenment c. 2nd Great Awakening d. Progressivism	71
6331518754	Catholic	The only one of the following religions that did not engage in evangelicalism was a. Catholic b. Methodist c. Baptist d. Congregational	72
6331527688	Abolitionism	Finney's social conscience form of evangelism resulted in inspiring what reform movement that would eventually dominate all reform movements in the antebellum period? a. temperance b. Mental Health c. Communitarianism d. Abolitionism	73
6331542016	Puritans	The evangelical belief of conversion or being "born again" was similar to regeneration that originally came from the a. Cavaliers b. Puritans c. Quakers d. Anabaptist	74
6332693766	social	The type or kind of history that is contained in the above document could best be described as being written from which of the following frame of reference (aka point of view)? A. Economic B. Diplomaitc C. Political D. Social	75
6863957764	Articles of Confederation	This government established in 1789 replaced which of following governments? A. Articles of Confederation B. parliament C.Continental Congress D. Declaration of Independence	76
6863969094	sovereignty of the people	This document was based on the idea of which theory of government? A. compact B. divine right C. sovereignty of the people D. hereditary	77
6863980167	1st Amendment to the U.S. Constitution	This statement is from which document in United States History? A. Preamble to the U.S. constitution B. Declaration of Independence C. 1st Amendment to the U.S. Constitution D. Articles of Confederation	78
6863987171	Senate and House of Representatives	Which of the following institutions does the document refer to in prohibiting certain actions? A. State Governments B. Senate and House of Representatives C. Supreme Court D. President and Cabinet	79
6863995594	voting	All of the following are rights or freedoms guaranteed in this document EXCEPT A. speech B. petition C. voting D. assembly	80
6864007088	House and Senate could not agree	The reason that the President of the United States was not given a title is because A, the constitution forbid it B. Washington was not in favor of a title C. House and Senate could not agree D. a title was foreign to the American political experience	81
6864021128	Mr. President	The failure to provide the President with a formal title resulted in what subsequent title that emerged out of practice and experience? A. Mr. President B. Citizen President C. Hail of the Chief D. Honorable President	82
6864031181	Jacksonian democracy	What later 19th century political movement dealt the death knell to the trappings of monarchy that the Federalist flirted with? A. Manifest destiny and western expansion B. Jacksonian democracy C. Mid-century immigration of Irish and Germans D. The Whig Party's American System	83
6864121782	Immigration of the Irish and the southern Germans	The great anti-Catholic crusade from 1830 to 1860 was caused primarily by which of the following events in United States history? A. immigration of the Irish and the southern Germans B. Manifest destiny bringing in large areas of Mexican territory C. Development of a national economy through the market revolution D. sectionalism becoming the dominant characteristic of political life	84
6864144754	Republicans	The American or Know-Nothing Party became the second largest political party in the House of Representatives with 52 members to the Democrats 82 in 1854 but their numbers would plummet in 1856 as which new party took most of their membership? A. Democrats B. Republicans C. Whigs D. Free soil	85
6864161938	Ireland	A primary reason for the anti-Catholic crusade was the large number of immigrants who were arriving from A. the Balkans B. Scandinava C. mediterrian countries D. Ireland	86
6864175357	Defending slavery by using the scriptures by those calling themselves christians	The passage above is primary directed against which aspect of slavery? A. inhumane treatment of the Africans during the middle passage B. Making the Africans into slaves on West Indies Islands C. Defending Slavery by using the scriptures by those calling themselves Christians D. The failure to include the abolition of slavery in the Declaration of Independence	87
6864184521	Slave trade act of 1808	Paine's objections in 1775 would ultimately be partially successful with the passage of the	88
6864193260	Middle passage	The scene that Equiano is describing was given which euphemistic name by the "slavers?"	89
6864211711	making them pay double the usual fine if it is with a negro man or woman	The code in the above passage discriminates against those who commit fornication (sex outside of marriage) by	90
6864220856	Children would take the status of free or slave from their mother	Virginia's slave code of 1662 firmly established that	91
6864614162	Economic reasons	Which of the following was a direct cause of the migration westward post-Civil War? A. The Civil War B. Economic reasons C. The completion of the transcontinental railroad D. The Sharecropper Contract	92
6864644624	the ideals of liberty and equality set forth in the American Revolution had reverberations	The passage above demonstrates that A. America's commitment to democracy led it to extend aid to the revolutionaries of France. B. the ideals of liberty and equality set fourth in the American Revolution had reverberations in many places are the world C. the support of the French was vital to the Americans' success during the revolution. D. the French Revolution helped to convince many Americans of the need for a centralized power.	93
6864677357	the French and Indian (Seven Years') War	The Proclamation above sought to address British-Indian relations following the conclusion of A. French and Indian (Seven Years') war B. The American Revolution C. the Pueblo Revolt D. The Atlantic slave Trade	94
6864686572	colonists' perception of British policies designed to re-assert political and economic control over the colonies	Acts of protest like the one pictured above occurred in response to A. Colonists' perception of British policies designed to re-assert political and economic control over the colonies B. citizens fears that the government could not protect the borders from Native American attacks C. Popular frustration over the persistence of elitism in colonial governments D. anger over the use of protest in what may considered a political debate between the colonists and the British Government	95
6864700129	supported American isolationism	Those who agreed with the viewpoint of the cartoonist would most likely have A. encouraged American expansion in Latin B. called for a defense of democratic principles aboard C. supported American isolationism D. lobbied for a stronger role for the United States in global affairs.	96
6864709780	European exploitation of native populations and resources	The ideas expressed by de las Casas were the result of which of the following A. European exploitation of native populations and resources B. The introduction of domesticated livestock into the western hemisphere C. The introduction of African slave labor into the Americans D. Widespread deadly epidemics caused by encounters with Europeans	97
6864718348	any act contrary to the Constitution should not be allowed	According to the Constitution A. the legislative branch has more power than the other two branches B.Ultimate power rests with the courts C. states have the ability to nullify laws made by the federal government D. any act contrary to the constitution should not be allowed	98
6864723134	The idea that the Massachusetts Bay Colony was a colony of religious believers	Winthrop's ideas on Puritan settlement were largely based on which of the following? A. the prohibition of slavery in New England in this period B. Fears of Spanish territorial settlement in New England C. the idea that the Massachusetts Bay Colony was a colony of religious believers D. The ethnic diversity of colonists in New England	99
6864726871	14 points	The Atlantic Charter was similar to which earlier document in U.S. history A. Emancipation Proclamation B. Monroe Doctrine C. 14 points D. Declaration of Independence	100
6864736465	United Nations	The Atlantic Charter was the basis of which subsequent international organization? A. united Nations B. North Atlantic Treaty Organization C. League of Nations D. North American Free Trade Agreement	101
6864746306	The war aims of the allied nations in the World War II	The eight points of the Atlantic Charter established which of the following? A. The foundations of what became the General Agreement of Trade and Tariffs B. The justification for the outbreak of the Cold War C. The cornerstone of the Anglo-American bilateral alliance D. The war aims of the allied nations in World War II	102
6864759490	Hawaii	The main Japanese attack took place in which territorial possession of the United States? A. Puerto Rico B. American Samoa C. Tahiti D. Hawaii	103
6864766128	Isolationists	This action by Japan would end which powerful group's strong influence on American foreign policy? A. Interventionist B. Internationalists C. Isolationists D. Exceptionalists	104
6864782220	it had broken the Japanese code and knew wan attack was forthcoming	The attack on Pearl Harbor was a surprise only because of its location as the U.S. expected an attack because A. it had broken the Japanese code and knew an attack was forthcoming B. The U.S. was historically aware that Japan had launched "sneak" in the past to start wars C. the rival imperial ambitions of Japan and U.S. meant a war was inevitable D. economic conditions in Japan gave it no choice but to expand geographically	105
6864798099	Supporting free people who were being subjugated by armed groups	In a speech before Congress, President Harry Truman took the unprecedented peach-time step of A. signing a formal military alliance with Greece and Turkey B. combating communist aggression by sending combat ground troops to fight the enemy C. forming an alliance with Great Britain to assist Greece and Turkey's fight against aggression D. supporting free people who were being subjugated by armed groups	106
6864806800	A growing acceptance in Congress for U.S. engagement in the world	The action taken in Greece and Turkey indicated what shift in public opinion in U.S. foreign policy? A, a desire to reaffirm the Neutrality Acts of the 1930's B. A growing acceptance in Congress for U.S. engagement in the world C. The movement to bring the boys home now that the war was over D. Bipartisanship in foreign policy led by Republican leaders like Senator Robert Taft	107
6864814713	Great Britain	After being battered in WWII, which country would no longer be the traditional financial and economic supporter of Greece and Turkey A. Germany B. Soviet Union C. Great Britain D. United States	108
6864823683	Containment	The Truman Doctrine was the first specific example of the implementation of which policy that would govern U.S. foreign policy for the next 40 years. A. Containment B. Isolationism C. Neo-conservatism D. Colonization	109

Powered by Quizlet.com

AMSCO AP US History Chapter 9 Flashcards

AMSCO United States History 2015 Edition, Chapter 9 Sectionalism, 1820-1860

Terms : Hide Images

5353690730	Northeast	New England and the Middle Atlantic states. (p. 173)	0
5353690731	Old Northwest	Territory which stretched from Ohio to Minnesota.	1
5353690732	sectionalism	Loyalty to a particular region. (p. 173)	2
5353690733	Nativists	Native-born Americans who reacted strongly against the immigrants, they feared the newcomers would take their jobs and weaken the culture of the Protestant and Anglo majority. (p. 176)	3
5353690734	American party	Anti Foreign party that nominated candidates in the early 1850s. (p. 176)	4
5353690735	Supreme Order of the Star-Spangled Banner	A secret anti-foreign in the 1840s. (p. 176)	5
5353690736	Know-Nothing Party	Nativists, also known as the American party. (p. 176)	6
5353690737	Free African Americans	By 1860 as many as 250,000 African Americans in the south were free. They were not allowed to vote or work in most skilled professions. (p. 179)	7
5353690738	planters	The South's small wealthy elite that owned more than 100 slaves and more than 1000 acres. (p. 18)	8
5353690739	Code of Chivalry	Southern planter class does included strong sense fo personal honor, defense of womanhood, paternalistic attitudes. (p. 180)	9
5353690740	poor whites	Three-fourths of the South's white population owned no slaves.	10
5353690741	hillbillies	Derisive term for poor white subsistence farmers in the South. (p. 180)	11
5353690742	mountain men	In the 1820 the first whites in the Rocky Mountains. They trapped for furs. (p. 181)	12
5353690743	the West	The term that referred to the new area that was being settled, the location changed as the whites settled more regions.	13
5353690744	the frontier	The area in the West that moved further over time. (p. 181)	14
5353690745	Deep South	The cotton rich area of the lower Mississippi Valley. (p. 178)	15
5353690746	American Indian removal	Native Americans were cajoled, pushed, or driven westward as white settlers encroached on their original homelands	16
5353690747	Great Plains	Provided only temporary respite for the native americans from conflict with the white settlers	17
5353690748	white settlers	In the 1840s and 1850s they settled the western frontier. They worked hard, lived in log cabins or sod huts. Disease and malnutrition were even greater dangers than attacks by American Indians. (p. 182)	18
5353690749	urbanization		19
5353690750	urban life	From 1800 to 1850 the urban population in the North increased rapidly. This caused crowded housing, poor sanitation, infectious diseases, and high rates of crime. (p. 174)	20
5353690751	new cities	After 1820 Buffalo, Cleveland, Detroit, Chicago, Cincinnati, and St. Louis developed as transfer points for agriculture and manufactured products. (p. 175)	21
5353690752	Irish potato famine	Immigrants driven from their home; faced strong discrimination because of their Roman Catholic religion; worked hard at whatever employment they could find; congregated for mutual support in the northern cities	22
5353690753	Roman Catholic	The Irish were primarily this religion.	23
5353690754	Tammany Hall	New York City's Democratic organization.	24
5353690755	Germans	One million of them came to the United States in the 1840s and 1850s. (p. 176)	25
5353690756	immigration	From the 1830s to the 1850s four million people came from northern Europe to the United States. (p. 175)	26
5353690757	King Cotton	In the 1850s cotton provided two-thirds of all U.S. exports and tied the South's economy to Great Britain.	27
5353690758	Eli Whitney	The United States inventor of the mechanical cotton gin (1765-1825).	28
5353690759	peculiar institution	A term that referred to slavery because southern whites were uneasiness with the fact that slaves were human beings and the need to continually to defend slavery. They used historical and religious arguments to support their claim that it was good for both slave and master.	29
5353690760	Denmark Vesey	In 1822 he led a major slave uprising. It was quickly and violently suppressed; gave hope to enslaved african americans, drove Southern states to tighten already strict slave codes, and demonstrated to many, especially in the North, the evils of slavery. (p. 179)	30
5353690761	Nat Turner	In 1831 he led a major slave uprising. (p. 179)	31
5353690762	slave codes		32
5353690763	Industrial Revolution	Originally centered in the textile industry but by the 1830's northern factories were producing a wide range of goods-everything from farm implements to clocks and shoes	33
5353690764	unions		34
5353690765	Commonwealth v. Hunt	The Massachusetts Supreme Court ruled in 1842 that peaceful unions had the right to negotiate labor contracts with employers. (p. 174)	35
5353690766	ten-hour workday		36
5353690767	Cyrus McCormick	United States inventor and manufacturer of a mechanical reaper. (p. 175)	37
5353690768	John Deere	He was responsible for inventing the steel plow. This new plow was much stronger than the old iron version; therefore, it made plowing farmland in the west easier, making expansion faster. (p. 175)	38
5353690769	Daniel Webster	A senator who warned that sectionalism was dangerous for the U.S. (p. 173)	39
5353690770	environmental damage	This term described settlers cleared forests and exhausted the soil. (p. 182)	40
5353690771	extinction	This term described what trappers and hunters did to the beaver and buffalo populations. (p. 182)	41

Powered by Quizlet.com

AMSCO AP US History Chapter 31 Flashcards

AMSCO United States History 2015 Edition, Chapter 31 Challenges of the 21st Century, 2000-Present

Terms : Hide Images

9035395394	political polarization	In the 2000s the political parties became regionally divided. Traditional, religious, and anti-government voters were often in rural and suburban areas and voted Republican. Liberals were commonly found in urban areas and voted Democrat. (p. 679)	0
9035395395	Southern white conservatives	Southerners Newt Gingrich, Tom DeLay, and Trent Lott took over the leadership of the Republican party, making it more conservative and partisan. (p. 679)	1
9035395396	gerrymandered "safe seats"	Democrats and Republicans manipulated congressional districts to create "safe seats", which rewarded partisanship and discouraged compromise in Congress. (p. 679)	2
9035395397	election of 2000	In this presidential race Al Gore won the popular vote, George W. Bush won the electoral vote. It was the closest election since 1876. The Supreme Court settled the election in Bush's favor. (p. 680)	3
9035395398	George W. Bush	He won the 2000 and 2004 presidential elections. He was the son of former president George H. W. Bush. (p. 680)	4
9035395399	Al Gore	He was Bill Clinton's vice president. In 2000 he lost a very close presidential election to George W. Bush. (p. 680)	5
9035395400	Bush v. Gore	In the 2000 election, Florida was the deciding state. George Bush led by 537 popular vote after a partial recount in that state. The Democrats asked for a manual recount. The Supreme Court majority ruled that the varying standards used in Florida's recount violated the Equal-Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment. Al Gore ended the election crisis by accepting the ruling. (p. 680)	6
9035395401	Bush tax cuts	President George W. Bush cut taxes on the top tax bracket, gradually eliminated estate taxes, increased child tax credits, gave all taxpayers an immediate rebate. Bush pushed for tax cuts for stock dividends, capital gains, and married couples. (p. 680)	7
9035395402	No Child Left Behind Act	This act aimed to improve student performance and close the gap between rich students and poor students, gave students the right to transfer to better schools, stronger reading programs, and trained high-quality teachers. (p. 681)	8
9035395403	Enron, corporate corruption	This large corporation falsified stated earnings and profits with the help of accounting companies. (p. 681)	9
9035395404	housing bubble	When the stock market gains turned down, many investors put their money into real estate, creating a speculative bubble that would burst in George W. Bush's second term. (p. 681)	10
9035395405	election of 2004	In this presidential election George W. Bush was reelected, defeating Senator John Kerry. The Republicans energized their base of voters by focusing on the war against terrorism, more tax cuts, and opposition to gay marriage and abortion. (p. 684)	11
9035395406	John Kerry	In 2004, this senator from Massachusetts was the Democratic presidential nominee. (p. 684)	12
9035395407	privatization of Social Security	President Bush pushed Congress to privatize Social Security by encouraging Americans to invest part of their Social Security payroll deductions into various market investments. (p. 685)	13
9035395408	Hurricane Katrina	When the hurricane hit, FEMA failed to anticipate and respond to the crisis, resulting in more than 1,000 deaths, and tens of thousands of mostly poor people left in desperate conditions. (p. 685)	14
9035395409	corruption in Congress	In George W. Bush's second term, Republican's reputations were tarnished by scandals including, taking bribes from lobbyists, committing perjury and obstruction of justice, and having improper relations with congressional pages. (p. 685)	15
9035395410	John Roberts	President George W. Bush appointed this conservative judge to the Supreme Court as chief justice. (p. 685)	16
9035395411	Samuel Alito	President George W. Bush appointed this conservative judge to the Supreme Court. (p. 685)	17
9035395412	Colin Powell	This general became George W. Bush's secretary of state, the first African American to hold the job. (p. 681)	18
9035395413	Islamic roots of anti-Americanism	After World War I, the Ottoman Empire, the last of Islamic empires, was replaced with Western-style secular nation states. The U.S. stationed troops in the Middle East after the Gulf War. Islamic religious fundamentalists objected to these actions. (p. 682)	19
9035395414	Al-Qaeda	"The Base" preached jihad, which they defined as a holy war against "Jews and Crusaders", to restore an Islamic realm in the Middle East. (p. 682)	20
9035395415	Osama bin Laden	The founder of Al-Qaeda, the terrorist network responsible for the attacks of September 11, 2001, and other attacks. (p. 682)	21
9035395416	asymmetric warfare	Warfare conducted by terrorists when combatants have highly unequal military capabilities, such as when terrorists or rebel groups fight strong states. (p. 682)	22
9035395417	bombing of U.S. embassies	In 1998, terrorists bombed two U.S. embassies in Kenya and Tanzania. The U.S. responded by bombing Al-Qaeda camps in Afghanistan and the Sudan. (p. 682)	23
9035395418	U.S.S. Cole	In 2000, two suicide bombers in a small rubber boat nearly sank a billion dollar warship docked in Yemen, the USS Cole. (p. 682)	24
9035395419	World Trade Center	A group of buildings in New York City. Two of the largest tower buildings were attacked and destroyed on September 11, 2001. (p. 682)	25
9035395420	September 11, 2001	On this date, know as 9/11, Al-Qaeda terrorists flew planes into World Trade Center twin towers, the Pentagon, and crashed a jetliner into a field in Pennsylvanian. Nearly 3,000 people were killed in the attacks. The attacks galvanized public opinion as nothing since the Pearl Harbor attack in 1941. (p. 682)	26
9035395421	Afghanistan, Taliban	President Bush declared he wanted Osama bin Laden and other Al-Qaeda leaders "dead or alive". The Taliban refused to turn them over, so in response the U.S. quickly overthrew the Taliban government in Afghanistan. U.S. led troops pursued bin Laden to the mountains bordering Pakistan, but were unable to catch him. (p. 682)	27
9035395422	Hamid Karzai	He became the head of the Afghanistan government in Kabul with the U.S. backing. However, Afghanistan remained unstable and divided by the Taliban insurgency and tribal conflicts. (p. 682)	28
9035395423	Homeland Security Department	President George W. Bush created this new department by combining more than 20 federal agencies with 170,000 employees. The agencies including the Secret Service, Coast Guard, and customs and immigration agencies. Many questioned why the FBI and CIA were left out of the new department. (p. 683)	29
9035395424	connect the dots	In 2004, a bipartisan commission on terrorism criticized the FBI, CIA, and the Defense Department for failing to work together to "connect the dots" that may have uncovered the 9/11 plot. Congress followed up on their recommendations, creating a Director of National Intelligence position. (p. 683)	30
9035395425	Director of National Intelligence	This newly created position was responsible for coordinating the intelligence activities of all agencies. (p. 683)	31
9035395426	Kyoto Accord	The Bush administration refused to join this climate agreement to prevent global warming. (p. 683)	32
9035395427	Bush Doctrine	This doctrine argued that the old policies of containment and deterrence were no longer effective in a world of stateless terrorism. It stated that to protect itself, the United States should take preemptive action against terrorist threats to its national security. (p. 683)	33
9035395428	unilateralist approach	The United States would pursue its own defense policy with little or no cooperation with other nations. (p. 683)	34
9035395429	axis of evil	In his 2002 State of the Union Address, President George W. Bush used this term for the countries of North Korea, Iraq, and Iran. (p. 683)	35
9035395430	WMDs	Weapons of Mass destruction (p. 683)	36
9035395431	Saddam Hussein	He was the Iraq dictator in Iraq who invaded Kuwait. He refused to let the U.N. into Iraq for WMD inspections. (p. 683)	37
9035395432	U.N. inspections	U.N. inspections failed to find WMD's in Iraq. However, the Bush administration continued to present claims of their existence based on intelligence information that proved to be false. (p. 683)	38
9035395433	Operation Iraq Freedom	In early 2003, President Bush declared that Iraq had not complied with numerous U.N. resolutions, and that "the game was over". In March 2003 the United States launched air attacks on Iraq, and within 4 weeks U.S., British, and other allies captured the capital city, Baghdad. (p. 684)	39
9035395434	regime change	When U.S. forces could not find WMDs in Iraq, criticism of the "regime change" mounted. (p. 684)	40
9035395435	war of choice	A term used for the Iraq War because it was not clear that is was a war that was required. (p. 684)	41
9035395436	Sunni vs. Shiite	After Saddam Hussein's death, the Sunni and Shiites attacked each other, and millions of Iraqis fled the country or were displaced. The Bush administration was widely criticized for going into Iraq without sufficient troops to control the country and to disband the Iraqi army. (p. 684)	42
9035395437	Abu Ghraib prison	Pictures of the barbaric treatment of prisoners by U.S. troops in this prison further diminished America's reputation in Iraq and around the world. (p. 684)	43
9035395438	2007 troop surge	In early 2007, President George W. Bush sent an additional 30,000 troops in a "surge" to establish order in Iraq. (p. 684)	44
9035395439	securitization	Wall Street packaged the high risk housing loans into a variety of complex investments , then sold them to unsuspecting investors around the world. (p. 685)	45
9035395440	liquidity crisis	When the housing market bubble burst, banks and financial institutions faced failure resulting in this crisis. Banks either lacked funds or were unable to make the loans to businesses and consumers necessary for the day-to-day functioning of the economy. (p. 685)	46
9035395441	Fannie May, Freddie Mac	In early 2008 the federal government took over these two quasi-governmental mortgage institutions. (p. 685)	47
9035395442	Lehman Brothers	In September 2008, this large Wall Street investment bank declared bankruptcy, which led to a panic in the financial industry. (p. 685)	48
9035395443	Troubled Assets Relief Program (TARP)	The Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 created this controversial program. The federal government used $700 million to purchase failing assets, that included mortgages and mortgage-related securities, from financial institutions. Conservatives called it socialism, and liberals called it a bailout of the people who had caused the problems in the first place. (p. 685)	49
9035395444	poor regulation of financial institutions	The causes of the Great Recession will be debated for years, causes include: Excessive deregulation of the financial industry Real estate bank fraud Federal Reserve kept interest rates too low Government efforts to promote home ownership (p. 685)	50
9035395445	election of 2008	In this presidential election Democrats Barack Obama and Joseph Biden ran against Republicans John McCain and Sarah Palin. The Republican Bush administration was unpopular and the country faced was facing an economic crisis. Obama's message for change and his well-funded grassroots campaign led him to victory. (p. 686)	51
9035395446	Hillary Clinton	In 2008, this Democratic senator from New York was the early favorite in the Democrat primary race. (p. 686)	52
9035395447	Barack Obama	In 2008, this young, charismatic, Democratic senator from Illinois became the first African American president of the United States. (p. 686)	53
9035395448	John McCain	In 2008, this Republican senator from Arizona was the Republican nominee for president. He was a Vietnam war hero who hoped to appeal to undecided voters. (p 686)	54
9035395449	Sarah Palin	In 2008, this Republican governor of Alaska was the vice presidential candidate, running with John McCain. (p. 686)	55
9035395450	effects of Great Recession	The Great Recession started in late 2007. The stock market dropped dramatically but recovered by 2013, unemployment peaked at 10 percent in 2009 and stayed at 7 percent until 2013. Obama enacted a number of Keynesian programs to promote recovery. (p. 687)	56
9035395451	2009 stimulus bill	The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 provided $787 billion economic stimulus package designed to create or save 3.5 billion jobs. It featured tax cuts, aid to state and local governments, and funding for construction projects, health care, education, and renewable energy. (p. 687)	57
9035395452	Dodd-Frank Act	This act was designed to improve regulations of banking and investment firms, and to protect taxpayers from future bailouts of "too big to fail" businesses. It also set up a Bureau of Consumer Protection to regulate mortgages and credit cards. (p. 687)	58
9035395453	aid to auto industry	With General Motors and and Chrysler near collapse, the Obama administration stepped in to help. The government temporarily took over General Motors while in bankruptcy, and guided the sale of Chrysler to Italian automaker Fiat. (p. 687)	59
9035395454	Affordable Care Act	!in 2008, the U.S. "fee for service" medical system was the most expensive in the world, but produced mixed results. This healthcare act aimed to extend affordable health care insurance to more Americans through combinations of subsidies, mandates, and insurance exchanges while introducing medical and insurance reforms to control health care costs. Many Americans were confused by its complexity. (p. 687)	60
9035395455	budget deficits	The Great Recession lowered federal income tax collected and increased spending on recovery programs. The annual federal deficit tripled to $1.75 trillion in 2009. The national debt rose to $16 trillion by 2012. (p. 688)	61
9035395456	Bowles-Simpson plan	This plan would have eliminated the deficit by 2035 through $2 of spending cuts for every $1 increase in revenues. It was rejected by both parties. (p. 688)	62
9035395457	Tea Party	In 2010, this group of loosely united conservatives and libertarians formed this movement. Many members focused on economic issues and limited government, but others focused on gun rights, prayer in schools, outlawing abortions, and preventing undocumented immigration. (p. 688)	63
9035395458	debt ceiling	In August 2011, as the debt ceiling closed in an agreement was reached to cut $900 billion in spending and cut an additional $1.4 trillion to be determined by a bipartisan committee. (p. 688)	64
9035395459	super-committee	The bipartisan committee that was to determine what the $900 billion spending cuts were to be. (p. 688)	65
9035395460	U.S. credit rating	In 2011, the uncertainty and gridlock in Washington led Standard & Poor's to downgrade the US AAA credit rating. (p. 688)	66
9035395461	election of 2012	In this presidential election the Great Recession and Obamacare (new healthcare act) were the top issues. Barack Obama defeated Mitt Romney in this election. (p. 690)	67
9035395462	Mitt Romney	In 2012, this conservative, Mormon, former governor of Massachusetts, was the Republican presidential candidate. (p. 690)	68
9035395463	Latino voters	In 2012, 1 in every 6 American voter was a Latino voter, and President Obama won 71 percent of the Latino votes in this election. (p. 690)	69
9035395464	sequester cuts	In 2013, Congress was unable to compromise on the budget so these cuts went into effect. (p. 690)	70
9035395465	2013 shutdown of government	In October 2013, the Republican effort to defund the Affordable Care Act resulted in a shutdown of the government for 16 days, and threatened default on the national debt. The approval rating of Congress dropped to 10 percent. (p. 690)	71
9035395466	gun violence	Mass shootings at a Colorado movie theater and a Connecticut school sparked another debate over guns. President Obama's proposals to tighten gun laws went nowhere because of gun rights advocates. (p. 690)	72
9035395467	Boston Marathon bombing	Fear of home-grown terrorism became real when two brothers set off two bombs at the finish line of the Boston Marathon killing three and injuring more than 250 people. The young men who did the bombing seemed motivated by extremist Islamic beliefs. (p. 690)	73
9035395468	ban on torture	In 2009, President Obama placed a formal ban on torture by requiring that Army field manuals be used as the guide for interrogating terrorist suspects. (p. 687)	74
9035395469	withdrawal from Iraq	In early 2009, President Obama developed a plan to wind down US ground combat operations in Iraq. In 2011, the last of U.S. forces were withdrawn. However, Sunni and Al-Qaeda insurgents continued to terrorize the majority Shiite government. (p. 688)	75
9035395470	Afghanistan surge	President Obama made fighting Al-Qaeda and the Taliban in Afghanistan a priority. He sent an additional 47,000 troops to Afghanistan. The counter-terrorism surge proved effective in Afghanistan, but the increase in drone attacks on terrorists in Pakistan intensified anger against the U.S. (p. 689)	76
9035395471	death of bin Laden	In May 2011, he was killed by the U.S. in clandestine operation in Pakistan. (p. 689)	77
9035395472	drawdown in Afghanistan	In 2012, the U.S. and Afghanistan signed a long-term agreement which called for the U.S. to train and support the Afghanistan military, and for the U.S. to end combat missions by 2014. (p. 689)	78
9035395473	Arab Spring	In 2010, civil unrest and armed rebellion toppled governments in Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, and Yemen. (p. 689)	79
9035395474	fall of dictatorships	Arab spring, civil unrest and armed rebellions toppled dictatorships in North Africa and the Middle East. (p. 689)	80
9035395475	civil war in Syria	The Syrian leader, Bashar al-Assad used poisonous gas on the people in the country who were rising up against him. Military action was avoided when the Syrians agreed to give up all their chemical weapons. (p. 691)	81
9035395476	"pivot" to Asia	Events in the Middle East limited the president's planned "pivot" to Asia. The Obama administration realized that America's future would be closely tied to the Pacific Rim because within two decades the economies of Asia would soon be larger than the U.S. and Europe combined. (p. 689)	82
9035395477	euro crisis	In the early 2010s, the European Union was struggling with a debt crisis in Greece, Spain, and Ireland. It took German leadership to save the euro as a common currency. (p. 689)	83
9035395478	Sonia Sotomayor	President Obama appointed her to the Supreme Court in 2009. (p. 691)	84
9035395479	Elena Kagan	President Obama appointed her to the Supreme Court in 2010. (p. 691)	85
9035395480	Shelby County v. Holder (2013)	In 2013, the Supreme Court struck down a key provision of the Voting Rights Act of 1965, that required that certain states with a history of voter discrimination obtain federal approval of any changes in voting laws. (p. 691)	86
9035395481	repeal of "Don't Ask, Don't Tell"	In 2010, Congress repealed the Clinton era "Don't Ask, Don't Tell" to end discrimination of gays in the military. (p. 692)	87
9035395482	same-sex marriage	In 2013, the Supreme Court ruled that the 1996 Defense of Marriage Act, a California law, was unconstitutional. However the states remained divided, with fourteen allowing same sex marriage and thirty-five banning it (p. 692)	88
9035395483	2nd Amendment and Heller case	In 2008, the Supreme Court ruled that the 2nd amendment protects an individual's right to posses a firearm unconnected with service in a militia. (p. 692)	89
9035395484	campaign financing	In 2013, the Supreme Court heard arguments to overturn the federal limits on campaign contributions, which some worried would open the door to wider corruption of elected officials. (p. 691)	90
9035395485	Citizens United	In 2010, the Supreme Court ruled that corporations were "legal persons" and had the same rights as individuals to buys ads to influence political elections. (p. 691)	91
9035395486	NFIB v. Sebelius	In 2012, the Supreme Court ruled that the federal government had the authority to require that individuals purchase health insurance because Congress had the authority to levy taxes. (p. 692)	92

Powered by Quizlet.com

AMSCO AP US History Chapter 28 Flashcards

AMSCO United States History 2015 Edition, Chapter 28 Promise and Turmoil, The 1960s

Terms : Hide Images

9243080913	Election of 1960	In this election, Democrat John F. Kennedy ran against Republican Richard M. Nixon. Television was perhaps the most decisive factor in this very close race which Kennedy won. (p. 601)	0
9243080941	John F. Kennedy	In 1960, this 43 year old senator from Massachusetts appeared more vigorous and comfortable on the first televised debates than Richard Nixon. He won the presidency in a very close election, that many Republicans including Nixon, said had been stolen by illegal voting in some Democrat controlled polls. (p. 601)	1
9243080942	New Frontier	President Kennedy proposed new domestic programs such as aid to education, federal support of health care, urban renewal, and civil rights. These programs did not become law until many of them passed in the Lyndon Johnson administration. (p. 601)	2
9243080943	Jacqueline Kennedy	As first lady in the early 1960s, she brought style, glamor, and appreciation of the arts to the White House. (p. 601)	3
9243080944	Robert Kennedy	He was attorney general during his brother John Kennedy's administration. In 1964, he was elected as a senator in New York. In 1968, he decided to enter the presidential race after Eugene McCarthy's strong showing in New Hampshire. On June 5, 1968, he won a major victory in the California Democratic primary but was shot and killed just after his victory speech. (p. 616)	4
9243080914	race to the moon	President Kennedy committed the U.S. to land on the moon by the end of the 1960s decade. (p. 602)	5
9243080915	assassination in Dallas	On November 22, 1963, in Dallas, Texas, after just two and a half years in office, President John Kennedy was shot and killed. (p. 603)	6
9243080945	Warren Commission	Chief Justice Earl Warren headed this commission which concluded that Lee Harvey Oswald was the lone assassin in President Kennedy's murder. Many unanswered questions lead to various theories about the assassination. For many Americans, this marked the beginning of the loss of credibility in government. (p. 604)	7
9243080946	Peace Corps	In 1961, President Kennedy set up this organization, which recruited young American volunteers to give technical aid to developing countries. (p. 602)	8
9243080947	Alliance for Progress	In 1961, President Kennedy created this organization to promote land reform and economic development in Latin America. (p. 602)	9
9243080948	Trade Expansion Act	In 1962, this act authorized tariff reduction with the recently formed European Economic Community (Common Market) of Western European nations. (p. 602)	10
9243080949	Bay of Pigs	In April 1961, the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) trained Cuban exiles to attempt the invasion of Cuba and the overthrow of Fidel Castro. The invasion failed and Castro tightened his grip on Cuba. (p. 602)	11
9243080950	Berlin Wall	In 1961, the East Germans, with Soviet backing built this wall around West Berlin to stop East Germans from escaping to West Germany. (p. 602)	12
9243080951	Cuban missile crisis	In October 1962 the United States discovered that the Soviets were building underground offensive missile sites in Cuba. President Kennedy responded by announcing a naval blockade of Cuba until the missiles were removed. Nuclear war seemed possible until Soviet premier Nikita Khrushchev agreed to remove the missiles in exchange for a pledge that the U.S. would not invade Cuba and the U.S. would remove some missiles from Turkey. (p. 602)	13
9243080952	flexible response	President Kennedy increased spending on conventional arms and mobile military forces. This type of military force could be used in response to smaller wars in Africa and Southeast Asia and avoid the possibility of having to use nuclear weapons in these conflicts. (p. 603)	14
9243080953	Nuclear Test Ban Treaty	In 1963, the United States and 100 other nations signed this agreement to end the testing of nuclear weapons in the atmosphere. (p. 603)	15
9243080954	Lyndon Johnson	On November 22, 1963, just two hours after John Kennedy's assassination he took presidential oath of office aboard an airplane at the Dallas airport. In the 1964 presidential election he easily defeated Senator Barry Goldwater. In 1968, he decided to not run for president again. (p. 604)	16
9243080955	Great Society	President Lyndon Johnson was determined to expand the social reforms of the New Deal and passed a long list of new programs that would have a lasting effect on American society. (p. 604)	17
9243080956	War on Poverty	In 1964, President Johnson declared "an unconditional war on poverty". (p. 604)	18
9243080916	Michael Harrington, "The Other America"	In 1962 this best-selling book that focused on the 40 million Americans living in poverty. (p. 604)	19
9243080917	Election of 1964	In this presidential election, Democrats Lyndon Johnson and Hubert Humphrey ran against the very conservative Senator Barry Goldwater of Arizona. Johnson and Humphrey easily won, capturing 61 percent of the popular vote. (p. 605)	20
9243080957	Barry Goldwater	The Republican presidential candidate in 1964. He was an Arizona Senator who advocated ending the welfare state, including TVA and Social Security. (p. 605)	21
9243080958	Medicare; Medicaid	This first program provides health insurance program for all people 65 years of age and older. This second program provides funds to states to pay for medical care for the poor and disabled. (p. 605)	22
9243080959	Elementary and Secondary Education Act	This 1965 act provided federal funds to poor school districts, funds for special education, and funds to expand Head Start. (p. 605)	23
9243080918	Immigrant Act	This 1965 act abolished discriminatory quotas based on national origins. (p. 605)	24
9243080919	National Foundation on the Arts and Humanities	This agency formed in 1965 provided federal funding for the arts and for creative and scholarly projects. (p. 605)	25
9243080920	DOT and HUD	President Lyndon Johnson established the Department of Transportation (DOT) and the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). (p. 606)	26
9243080960	Ralph Nader, "Unsafe at Any Speed"	His 1965 book lead Congress to pass automobile industry regulations that would save thousands of lives. (p. 606)	27
9243080961	Rachel Carson, "Silent Spring"	Her 1962 book exposed the use of pesticides and would lead Congress to pass clean air and water laws. (p. 606)	28
9243080962	Lady Bird Johnson	This first lady contributed to improving the environment with her Beautify America campaign which lead to the Highway Beautification Act. (p. 606)	29
9243080963	Civil Rights Act of 1964	This act made segregation illegal in all public facilities and gave the federal government additional powers to enforce school desegregation. (p. 606)	30
9243080964	Equal Employment Opportunity Commission	This agency was created to end discrimination in employment on the basis of race, religion, sex, or national origin. (p. 606)	31
9243080965	24th Amendment	In 1964, this amendment abolished the practice of collecting a poll tax, one of the measures that discouraged poor people from voting. (p. 606)	32
9243080966	Voting Rights Act of 1965	In 1965, this act ended literacy tests and provided federal registrars in areas in which blacks were kept from voting. (p. 606)	33
9243080967	James Meredith	In 1962, a young African American air force veteran who attempted to enroll in the University of Mississippi. President Kennedy sent 400 federal marshals and 3,000 troops to protect his rights to attend the university. (p. 607)	34
9243080968	George Wallace	In 1968, he was the American Independent party presidential candidate. The growing hostility of many whites to federal desegregation, antiwar protests, and race riots was tapped by his campaign. (p. 616)	35
9243080969	Martin Luther King Jr.	In August 1963, he led 200,000 people in a peaceful March on Washington. (p. 607)	36
9243080970	March on Washington	In August 1963, Dr. Martin Luther King led one of the largest and most the successful demonstrations in U.S. history when about 200,000 blacks and whites took part in this peaceful march. The highlight was Dr. King's famous "I Have a Dream Speech" at the Lincoln Memorial. (p. 607)	37
9243080971	"I Have a Dream" Speech	The greatest speech in American history (according to americanrhetoric.com). It was the highlight of the August 1963 March on Washington in which Dr. Martin Luther King in front of the Lincoln Memorial made an emotional appeal for the end of racial prejudice. (p. 607)	38
9243080921	March to Montgomery	In 1965, this was a voting rights march from Selma Alabama to the capitol in Montgomery. Television showed protesters being beaten and tear gassed and the march was a turning point in the civil rights movement. President Johnson sent federal troops to protect the marchers. (p. 607)	39
9243080972	Black Muslims	Their leader Elijah Muhammad preached black nationalism, separatism, and self-improvement. (p. 608)	40
9243080973	Malcom X	He acquired a reputation as the Black Muslim movement's most controversial voice. He criticized Martin Luther King as "an Uncle Tom" and advocated self-defense against white violence. (p. 608)	41
9243080974	Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee	This civil rights organization of young blacks, influenced by Malcolm X, repudiated non-violence and advocated "black power" and racial separatism. (p. 608)	42
9243080975	Congress of Racial Equality	This civil rights organization of young blacks was influenced by Malcolm X. (p. 608)	43
9243080976	Stokely Carmichael	The leader of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) repudiated non-violence and advocated "black power" and racial separatism. (p. 608)	44
9243080977	Black Panthers	In 1966, this organization was founded by Huey Newton, Bobby Seale and other militants as a revolutionary socialist movement advocating self-rule for American blacks. (p. 608)	45
9243080978	Watts riots, race riots	In the summer of 1965 the arrest of a black motorist in the Watts neighborhood of Los Angeles led to a six-day riot that resulted in the deaths of 34 people and the destruction of 700 buildings. (p. 608)	46
9243080922	de facto segregation	Segregation and discrimination caused by racists attitudes in the North and the West. (p. 608)	47
9243080979	Kerner Commission	In 1968, this federal investigation of many riots concluded that racism and segregation were chiefly responsible and that the U.S. was becoming "two societies, one black, one white-separate and unequal". (p. 608)	48
9243080923	King assassination	In April 1968, while standing on a motel balcony in Memphis, Tennessee Martin Luther King was shot and killed by a white man. Riots erupted in hundreds of cities across the U.S. and resulted in 46 deaths. (p. 609)	49
9243080980	Warren Court	The Supreme Court under Earl Warren. It had an impact on the nation comparable to that of the John Marshall Court. (p. 609)	50
9243080924	Mapp v. Ohio	In 1961, this Supreme Court case ruled that illegally seized evidence cannot be used in court against the accused. (p. 609)	51
9243080981	Gideon v. Wainwright	In 1966, this Supreme Court case ruled that that state courts must provide counsel for poor defendants. (p. 609)	52
9243080982	Escobedo v. Illinois	In 1964, the Supreme Court ruling that required the police to inform an arrested person of his or her right to remain silent. (p. 609)	53
9243080983	Miranda v. Arizona	In 1966, the Supreme Court extended the ruling in Escobedo to include the right to a lawyer being present during questioning by the police. (p. 609)	54
9243080984	reapportionment	The process of reallocating seats in the House of Representatives. (p. 609)	55
9243080985	Baker v. Carr	In 1962, the Supreme Court declared it was unconstitutional for one house of a state legislature to draw district lines that strongly favored rural areas, to the disadvantage of large cities. (p. 609)	56
9243080986	one man, one vote	This principle meant that election districts would have to be redrawn to provide equal representation for all of a state's citizens. (p. 609)	57
9243080987	Yates v. United States	In 1957, the Supreme Court ruled that the first amendment protected radical and revolutionary speech, even by Communists, unless it was a "clear and present danger" to the safety of the country. (p. 610)	58
9243080988	separation of church and state	Engel vs. Vitale ruled that state laws requiring prayers and Bible readings in the public schools violated the first amendments provision for this. (p. 610)	59
9243080989	Engel v. Vitale	In 1962, the Supreme Court ruled that state laws requiring prayers and Bible readings in the public schools violated the first amendment's provision for separation of church and state. (p. 610)	60
9243080925	Griswold v. Connecticut	In 1965, the Supreme Court ruled that in recognition of a citizen's right to privacy, a state could not prohibit the use of contraceptives by adults. (p. 610)	61
9243080926	privacy and contraceptives	In 1965, the Supreme Court ruled in Griswold v. Connecticut case that a citizen's had the right to privacy, and a state could not prohibit the use of contraceptives by adults. (p. 610)	62
9243080990	Students for a Democratic Society	In 1962, this group of radical students led by Tom Hayden issued a declaration of purposes known as the Port Huron Statement. It called for university decisions to be made through a participatory democracy. (p. 610)	63
9243080991	New Left	Activists and intellectuals who supported Tom Hayden's ideas. (p. 610)	64
9243080927	Weathermen	They were the most radical fringe of the SDS, they embraced violence and vandalism in their attacks on American institutions. (p. 611)	65
9243080992	counterculture	Expressed by young people in their rebellious styles of dress, music, drug use, and for some, communal living. (p. 611)	66
9243080928	Woodstock	In the summer of 1969, about 500,000 million young people descended on upper New York State farm for what turned into a free music festival. In the early morning hours of the last day Jimi Hendrix played his jaw dropping version of the "Stars Spangled Banner" featuring amplifier feedback to convey bombs falling, jets overhead, and cries of human anguish. (p. 611)	67
9243080929	Alfred Kinsey	In the late 1940s he did pioneering surveys of sexual practice. (p. 611)	68
9243080993	sexual revolution	One aspect of counterculture that continued beyond the 1960s was a change in many Americans' attitudes toward sexual expression. (p. 611)	69
9243080994	women's movement	The increased education and employment of women in the 1950s, the civil rights movement, and the sexual revolution all contributed to a renewal of this movement in the 1960s. (p. 612)	70
9243080995	Betty Friedan, "The Feminine Mystique"	She gave the women's movement a new direction by encouraging middle-class women to seek fulfillment in professional careers rather than confining themselves to the roles of wife, mother, and homemaker. (p. 612)	71
9243080996	National Organization for Women	In 1966, this organization was formed. They adopted activist tactics of other civil rights movements to secure equal treatment of women, especially for job opportunities. (p. 612)	72
9243080997	Equal Pay Act	In 1963, this act prohibited discrimination in employment and compensation on the basis of gender. (p. 612)	73
9243080998	Equal Rights Amendment (ERA)	This proposed constitutional amendment stated that "equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of sex". It just missed being passed. (p. 612)	74
9243080930	military advisors	By 1963, the United States was becoming more involved in helping South Vietnam. President Kennedy provided military advisors and 16,000 support troops, but not combat troops. (p. 613)	75
9243080931	fall of Diem	In 1963, South Vietnam's leader was overthrown and killed by South Vietnamese generals. (p. 613)	76
9243080999	Tonkin Gulf Resolution	In 1964, North Vietnamese gunboats allegedly fired on U.S. warships off the coast of Vietnam. Congress gave approval for President Johnson to wage war in Vietnam. (p. 613)	77
9243080932	escalation of troops	In April 1965, President Johnson used U.S. combat troops in Vietnam for the first time. Johnson continued a step-by-step escalation and by March 1969 there were 540,000 troops deployed to Vietnam. (p. 613)	78
9243080933	General Westmoreland	Commander of U.S. armed forces in Vietnam. (p. 614)	79
9243080934	credibility gap	The media's term for President Johnson's reluctance to speak frankly with the American people about the scope and costs of the Vietnam war. (p. 614)	80
9243081000	Tet Offensive	In January 1968, the Vietcong (North Vietnam troops) launched an all-out surprise attack on almost every provincial capital and American base in South Vietnam. The U.S. military counterattacked and recovered the lost territory. However, the destruction viewed on television in the United States, appeared as a setback for the U.S. efforts. (p. 615)	81
9243081001	hawks and doves	Hawks believed that the Vietnam War was part of a Soviet-backed Communist master plan to conquer all of Southeast Asia. Doves believed it was a civil war, fought by Vietnamese nationalists and some Communists who wanted to unite their country by overthrowing a corrupt Saigon government. (p. 615)	82
9243080935	LBJ withdraws	On March 23, 1968, President Johnson made a television address in which he said that the U.S. would limit bombing of North Vietnam and negotiate peace. He also announced that he would not run for president in 1968. (p. 615)	83
9243081002	Eugene McCarthy	The first antiwar candidate to challenge for the 1968 Democratic presidential nomination. (p. 615)	84
9243080936	RFK assassination	On June 5, 1968, after he had won the California Democratic primary Robert F. Kennedy (RFK) was shot and killed by an Arab nationalist. (p. 616)	85
9243081003	Hubert Humphrey	The liberal Democratic candidate in the presidential election of 1968. He had been Lyndon Johnson's vice president. (p. 616)	86
9243080937	Chicago convention	The 1968 Democratic Convention was held in Chicago. Television showed what looked like a "police riot" as antiwar protesters were brutally beaten. (p. 616)	87
9243080938	white backlash	In the 1968 presidential election, the growing hostility of many whites to federal desegregation, antiwar protests, and race riots was tapped by Governor George Wallace of Alabama. He became the American Independent party's presidential candidate. (p. 616)	88
9243080939	Richard Nixon	He served as vice president under Eisenhower from 1953 to 1960. He was nominated as the Republican candidate for president in 1960, but lost the close election to John Kennedy. In 1968 he was elected president, and again in 1972. However, he was forced to resign the presidency in 1974. (p. 600)	89

Powered by Quizlet.com

AP US History Timeline Flashcards

Continuation from Chapter 2

Terms : Hide Images

6045103758	14,000 - 12,000 BCE	Asians begin migrating to North America across the Bering Strait	0
6045103759	1347	Black Death begins in Europe	1
6045103760	1480s	Portuguese explorers travel down west coast of Africa in search of sea route to Asia	2
6045103761	1492	Columbus sails west from Spain in search of Asia, reaches Bahama Islands in the Caribbean	3
6045103762	1494	Papal decree divided New World between Spain and Portugal	4
6045103763	1497	John Cabot establishes first English claim in North America	5
6045103764	1502	First African slaves arrive in Spanish America	6
6045103765	1517	Martin Luther challenges Catholic Church, sparking Protestant Reformation in Europe	7
6045103766	1518 - 1530	Smallpox epidemic ravages Indian societies of Central and South America	8
6045103767	1519 - 1522	Magellan expedition circumnavigates globe	9
6045103768	1521	Cortes captures Tenochtitlan and conquers Aztec Empire in Mexico	10
6045103769	1532 - 1538	Pizarro conquers Incas in Peru	11
6045103770	1558	Elizabeth I ascends English throne	12
6045103771	1565	St. Augustine founded in Florida	13
6045103772	1566	English conquest of Ireland begins	14
6045103773	1587	"Lost Colony" established on Roanoke Island	15
6045103774	1598	Don Juan de Ornate establishes Spanish colony in present day New Mexico	16
6045103775	1603	James I succeeds Elizabeth I in England	17
6045103776	1608	French establishes Quebec, their first permanent settlement in America	18
6045103777	1609	Spanish colonists found Santa Fe	19
6045103778	1624	Dutch establish permanent settlements in what is now New York	20
6045103779	1680	Pueblos revolt and drive Spanish colonists from present-day New Mexico	21
6045103780	1692	Spanish return to New Mexico	22
6045103781	1696	Spanish crush last Pueblo revolt in New Mexico	23
6045103782	1607	Jamestown founded	24
6045103783	1608	Pilgrims flee to Holland from England	25
6045103784	1612	Tobacco production established in Virginia	26
6045103785	1619	First African workers arrive in Virginia Virginia House of Burgesses meets for first time	27
6045103786	1620	Pilgrims found Plymouth colony	28
6045103787	1620s	English colonization accelerates in the Caribbean	29
6045103788	1622	Powhatan Indians attack English colony in Virginia	30
6045103789	1624	Dutch establish settlement on Manhattan Island	31
6045103790	1629	New Hampshire and Maine established	32
6045103791	1630	Puritans establish Massachusetts Bay colony at Boston	33
6045103792	1634	First English settlements founded in Maryland	34
6045103793	1635	Hartford settled in Connecticut	35
6045103794	1636	Roger Williams founds settlement in Rhode Island	36
6045103795	1637	Anna Hutchinson expelled from Massachusetts Bay colony Pequot War fought	37
6045103796	1638	Swedes and Finns establish New Sweden on the Delaware River	38
6045103797	1642 - 1649	English Civil War	39
6045103798	1644	Last major Powhatan uprising against English settlers in Virginia	40
6045103799	1649	Charles I executed	41
6045103800	1655	Civil war in Maryland temporarily unseats Catholic proprietor	42
6045103801	1660	English Restoration: Charles II becomes king First Navigation Act passed	43
6045103802	1663	Carolina colony chartered Second Navigation Act passed	44
6045103803	1664	English capture New Netherland New Jersey chartered	45
6045103804	1673	Third Navigation Act passed	46
6045103805	1675 - 1676	King Philip's War in New England	47
6045103806	1676	Bacon's Rebellion in Virginia	48
6045103807	1681	William Penn receives charter for Pennsylvania	49
6045103808	1685	James II becomes king	50
6045103809	1686	Dominion of New England established	51
6045103810	1688	Glorious Revolution in England: William and Mary ascend throne	52
6045103811	1689	Glorious Revolution in America: rebellion breaks out against Andros in New England Leisler leads rebellion in New York	53
6045103812	1732	Georgia chartered	54
6045103813	1636	Harvard College founded in Massachusetts	55
6045103814	1640	Instability in tobacco markets begins	56
6045103815	1647	Massachusetts law requires a public school in every town	57
6045103816	1650	Population of New England begins to grow by natural increase	58
6045103817	1662	halfway Covenant established in New England	59
6045103818	1670s	Flow of indentured servants declines Slave traders begin importing slaves directly from Africa to North America	60
6045103819	1685	Edict of Nanets revoked in France; Huguenots begin migrating to North America	61
6045103820	1690s	Rice production becomes central to South Carolina economy Slave trade expands as prices decline	62
6045103821	1691	Official toleration of Catholics ends in Maryland	63
6045103822	1692	Witchcraft trials begin in Salem	64
6045103823	1693	College of William and Mary founded in Virginia	65
6045103824	1697	Royal African Company monopoly of slave trade broken; slave importations begin to increase	66
6045103825	1701	Yale College founded in Connecticut	67
6045103826	1708 - 1709	First major migration of Palatinate Germans to North America begins	68
6045103827	1710	Major Scotch-Irish migrations to North America begin German-Swiss establish settlements in North Carolina	69
6045103828	1720	Cotton Mather initiates smallpox inoculations in Massachusetts	70
6045103829	1734	Great Awakening begins in Massachusetts Peter Zenger tried in New York	71
6045103830	1739	George Whitefield arrives in North America Great Awakening intensifies Stono slave rebellion in South Carolina	72
6045103831	1740s	Indigo production begins in South Carolina	73
6045103832	1746	College of New Jersey founded at Princeton	74
6045103833	1754	Kings College(later Columbia University) founded in New York	75
6045103834	1755	Academy and College of Philadelphia(later University of Pennsylvania) founded	76
6045103835	1764	Major ironworks established in New Jersey	77
6045103836	1713	Treaty of Utrecht concludes Queen Anne's War	78
6045103837	1718	New Orleans founded to serve French plantation economy in Louisiana	79
6045103838	1744 - 1748	King George's War	80
6045103839	1749	French construct fortress in Ohio Valley	81
6045103840	1754	Albany Plan for intercolonial cooperation rejected Battle of Fort Duquesne begins French and Indian War	82
6045103841	1756	Seven Years' War begins in Europe	83
6045103842	1757	British policies provoke riots in New York	84
6045103843	1758	Pitt returns authority to colonial assemblies British capture Louisbourg fortress and Fort Dequesne	85
6045103844	1759	British forces under Wolfe capture Quebec	86
6045103845	1760	George III becomes King French army surrenders to Amherst at Montreal	87
6045103846	1763	Peace of Paris ends Seven Years' (and French and Indian) War Grenville becomes prime minister Proclamation of 1763 restricts western settlement Paxton uprising in Pennsylvania	88
6045103847	1764	Sugar Act passed Currency Act passed	89
6045103848	1765	Stamp Act crisis Mutiny Act passed	90
6045103849	1766	Stamp Act repealed Declaratory Act passed	91
6045103850	1767	Townshend duties imposed	92
6045103851	1768	Boston, New York, and Philadelphia merchants make nonimportation agreement	93
6045103852	1770	Boston Massacre Most Townshend duties repealed	94
6045103853	1771	Regulator movement quelled in North Carolina	95
6045103854	1772	Committees of correspondence established in Boston Gaspee incident in Rhode Island	96
6045103855	1773	Tea Act passed Bostonians stage tea party	97
6045103856	1774	Intolerable Acts passed First Continental Congress meets at Philadelphia North Carolina women sign Edenton Proclamation calling for boycott of British goods	98
6045103857	1775	Clashes at Lexington and Concord begin American Revolution	99
6045103858	1774	Shawnee defeated by Virginia militia in Lord Dunmore's War	100
6045103859	1775	Second Continental Congress meets George Washington appointed to command American forces Battle of Bunker Hill Montgomery assault on Quebec fails	101
6045103860	1776	Thomas Paine's Common Sense published British troops leave Boston Declaration of Independence debated and signed Hoew routs Americans on Long Island Battle of Trenton First state constitutions written	102
6045103861	1777	Articles of Confederation adopted Battles of Princeton, Bandywine, and Germantown Howe occupies Philadelphia Washington camps at valley Forge for winter Burgoyne surrenders to Gates at Saratoga	103
6045103862	1778	French-American alliance established Clinton replaces Howe British leave Philadelphia War shifts to the South British capture Savannah	104
6045103863	1780	British capture Charleston Cornwallis defeats Gates at Camden, South Carolina Patriots defeats Tories at King's Mountain, South Carolina Massachusetts state constitution ratified Slavery abolished in Pennsylvania	105
6045103864	1781	Battles of Cowpens and Guilford Court House Cornwallis surrenders at Yorktown Articles of Confederation ratified Continental impost proposed	106
6045103865	1781 - 1784	States cede western lands to Confederation	107
6045103866	1782	American militiamen massacre Delaware Indians in Ohio	108
6045103867	1783	Treaty of Paris with Great Britain recognizes American independence Slavery abolished in Massachusetts	109
6045103868	1784	Postwar depression begins, aggravating currency problems	110
6045103869	1784 - 1785	First ordinance establishing procedures for settling western lands enacted	111
6045103870	1786	Virginia Statute of Religious Freedom passed	112
6045103871	1786 - 1787	Shay's Rebellion in Massachusetts	113
6045103872	1787	Northwest Ordinance enacted	114
6045103873	1789	John Carroll named first bishop of Catholic Church of the United States	115
6045103874	1792	Mary Wollstonecraft's Vindication of the Rights of Women published in the United States	116
6045103875	1794	Anthony Wayne defeats Indians in Ohio	117
6045103876	1783	Confederation Congress leaves Philadelphia	118
6045103877	1785	Confederation Congress settles in New York	119
6045103878	1786	Annapolis Conference meets	120
6045103879	1787	Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia meets Constitution adopted (September 17)	121
6045103880	1787 - 1788	States ratify Constitution	122
6045103881	1789	First elections held under Constitution New government assembles in New York Washington becomes first president Bill of Rights adopted by Congress Judiciary Act of 1789 is passed French Revolution begins	123
6045103882	1791	Hamilton issues "Reports on Manufactures" First Bank of the United States chartered Vermont becomes fourteenth states	124
6045103883	1792	Washington reelected without opposition Kentucky becomes fifteenth state	125
6045103884	1793	Citizen Genet affair challenges American neutrality	126
6045103885	1794	Whiskey Rebellion quelled in Pennsylvania Jay's Treaty signed	127
6045103886	1795	Pinckney's Treaty signed	128
6045103887	1796	John Adams elected president Tennessee becomes sixteenth state	129
6045103888	1768	XYZ Affair precipitates state of quasi war with France Alien and Sedition Acts passed Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions passed	130
6045103889	1800	Jefferson and Burr tie vote in electoral college	131
6045103890	1801	Jefferson becomes president after Congress confirms election Judiciary Act of 1801 passed	132
6045103891	1769	James Watt patents steam engine	133
6045103892	1778	Phillips Academy founded in Andover, Massachusetts	134
6045103893	1779	Universalist Church founded	135
6045103894	1781	Phillips Exeter Academy founded in New Hampshire	136
6045103895	1782	Unitarian Church founded in Boston	137
6045103896	1784	Judith Sargent Murray publishes essay on rights of women Methodist Church formally established	138
6045103897	1789	Massachusetts public schools admit females	139
6045103898	1790	Samuel Slater builds textile mill, first modern factory in America, in Pawtucket, Rhode Island	140
6045103899	1792	Toll road constructed from Philadelphia to Lancaster	141
6045103900	1793	Eli Whitney invents Cotton Gin	142
6045103901	1794 - 1796	Thomas Paine's "The Age of Reason" published	143
6045103902	1800	United States capital moves to Washington DC Gabriel Prosser's plans for slave rebellion foiled	144
6045103903	1801	Second Great Awakening begins John Marshall appointed cheif justice	145
6045103904	1801 - 1805	Conflict with Tripoli	146
6045103905	1802	Jefferson abolishes all internal federal taxes United States Military Academy founded at West Point	147
6045103906	1803	Napoleonic Wars escalate in Europe Louisiana Territory purchased from French Supreme Court establishes power of Judicial Review in Marbury vs. Madison	148
6045103907	1804	Aaron Burr kills Alexander Hamilton in duel Thomas Jefferson reelected President	149
6045103908	1804 - 1806	Lewis and Clark, and Zebulon Pike, explore Louisiana Territory	150
6045103909	1805	British defeat French at Trafalgar	151
6045103910	1806	Burr charged with conspiracy	152
6045103911	1806 - 1807	Napoleon issues Berlin and Milan decrees	153
6045103912	1807	Fulton and Livingston launch the first steamboat Burr tried and acquitted for conspiracy Chesapeake-Leopard incident with Great Britain Embargo beings	154
6045103913	1808	Economy plunges into depression Madison is elected President	155
6045103914	1809	Embargo Act repealed Non-Intercourse Act passed Tecumseh establishes tribal confederacy	156
6045103915	1810	Macon's Bill No. 2 reopens trade with Britain and France United States annexes West Florida	157
6045103916	1811	Harrison is victorious in Battle of Tippecanoe	158
6045103917	1812	United States declares war on Great Britain (June 18th) Madison reelected President Louisiana admitted to Union as a state	159
6045103918	1813	British erect naval blockade American forces burn York(Toronto), Canadian capital Perry defeats British fleet at Put-In Bay on Lake Erie Harrison defeats British and Tecumseh	160
6045103919	1814	Jackson, at Battle of Horseshoe Bend, slaughters Creek Indians British troops capture and burn Washington Francis Scott Key writes "The Star-Spangled Banner" Americans win Battle of Plattsburgh Hartford Convention meets Treaty of Ghent signed	161
6045103920	1815	Jackson wins Battle of New Orleans Naval war fought with ALgiers	162
6045103921	1828	Websters American Dictionary of the English Language published	163
6045103922	1813	Francis Lowell establishes textile factories in Waltham, Massachusetts	164
6045103923	1815	US signs treaties with tribes taking western lands from Indians	165
6045103924	1816	Second Bank of the United STates chartered Monroe elected president Tariff protects textile industry from foreign competition Indiana enters Union	166
6045103925	1817	Madison vetoes internal improvements bill Mississippi enters Union	167
6045103926	1818	Jackson invades Florida, ends first Seminole War Illinois enters Union	168
6045103927	1819	Commercial panic destabilizes economy Spain cedes Florida to the United States in Adams-Onis Treaty Supreme Court hears Dartmouth College vs. Woodward and McCulloch vs. Maryland Alabama enters Union	169
6045103928	1819 - 1820	Stephen H. Long explores Kansas, Nebraska, and Colorado	170
6045103929	1820	Missouri Compromise enacted Monroe reelected President without opposition	171
6045103930	1821	Mexico wins independence from Spain William Becknell opens trade between US territories and New Mexico	172
6045103931	1822	Rocky Mountain Fur Company established	173
6045103932	1823	Monroe Doctrine proclaimed	174
6045103933	1824	John Quincy Adams wins disputed presidential election	175
6045103934	1826	Thomas Jefferson and John Adams die on July 4th	176
6045103935	1827	Creek Indians cede lands to Georgia	177
6045103936	1828	"Tariff of Abominations" passed Andrew Jackson elected President	178

Class Notes

Social Science

Math

Science

Fine Arts

Test Prep

Textbook Notes

Members Only

Forum

Blogs

Textbook Request

AP US History Semester 1 Flashcards

AP US History Midterm Flashcards

AMSCO AP US History Chapter 27 Flashcards

AMSCO AP US History Chapter 28 Flashcards

Important Dates to Remember AP US History Flashcards

AP US history Midterm Flashcards

AMSCO AP US History Chapter 9 Flashcards

AMSCO AP US History Chapter 31 Flashcards

AMSCO AP US History Chapter 28 Flashcards

AP US History Timeline Flashcards

Pages

Need Help?

Need Notes?

About Course-Notes.Org

You are here

Pages

Need Help?

Need Notes?

About Course-Notes.Org