| 6284145717 | absolute location | The exact position of an object or place, measured within the spatial coordinates of a grid system. | | 0 |
| 6284145718 | cartography | science or art of making maps | | 1 |
| 6284145722 | distortion | a change in the shape, size, or position of a place when it is shown on a map | | 2 |
| 6284145724 | equator | an imaginary line drawn around the earth equally distant from both poles, dividing the earth into northern and southern hemispheres and constituting the parallel of latitude 0°. | | 3 |
| 6284145726 | formal regions | Also called uniform regions, an area that has striking similarities in terms of one or a few physical or cultural features. | | 4 |
| 6284145727 | functional (nodal) regions | areas organized around cores, or nodes | | 5 |
| 6284145728 | GIS | Geographic Information System; a computer system that captures, stores, analyzes, and displays data. | | 6 |
| 6284145729 | globalization | Actions or processes that involve the entire world and result in making something worldwide in scope. | | 7 |
| 6284145730 | Greenwich Mean Time | The time in that time zone ecompassing the Prime Meridian, or 0 degrees longitude | | 8 |
| 6284145731 | GPS | Global Positioning System; uses a system of satellites, tracking stations, and receivers to determine precise absolute locations on earth. | | 9 |
| 6284145734 | human geography | a branch of geography that focuses on the study of patterns and processes that shape human interaction with the built environment, with particular reference to the causes and consequences of the spatial distribution of human activity on the Earth's surface | | 10 |
| 6284145738 | latitude | The numbering system used to indicate the location of parallels drawn on a globe and measuring distance north and south of the equator. | | 11 |
| 6284145741 | location | The position of anything on Earth's surface. | | 12 |
| 6284145742 | longitude | The numbering system used to indicate the location of meridians drawn on a globe and measuring distance east and west of the prime meridian (0°). | | 13 |
| 6284145745 | meridian | an arc drawn between North and South poles that measures longitude | | 14 |
| 6284145747 | parallel | A circle drawn around the globe parallel to the equator and at right angles to the meridians. | | 15 |
| 6284145749 | perceptual (vernacular) regions | places that people believe to exist as a part of their cultural identity | | 16 |
| 6284145752 | place | A specific point on Earth distinguished by a particular character. | | 17 |
| 6284145753 | physical geography | one of the two major divisions of systematic geography; the spatial analysis of the structure, processes, and location of the Earth's natural phenomena such as climate, soil, plants, animals, and topography. | | 18 |
| 6284145755 | prime meridian | The meridian, designated at 0° longitude, which passes through the Royal Observatory at Greenwich, England. | | 19 |
| 6284145761 | scale | The ratio between the size of an area on a map and the actual size of that same area on the earth's surface. | | 20 |
| 6284145762 | site | the physical and human-transformed characteristics of a place | | 21 |
| 6284145763 | situation | characteristic that refers to relative location | | 22 |
| 6284145765 | space | the physical gap or distance between two objects | | 23 |
| 6284145769 | time zone | 24, 15 degree sections that each represent a different hour of the day | | 24 |
| 6284145770 | topography | A description of surface features of land. | | 25 |
| 6284145771 | toponym | Place names given to certain features on the land such as settlements, terrain features, and streams. | | 26 |
| 6284145772 | U.S. Census Bureau | a principal agency of the U.S. Federal Statistical System responsible for producing data about the American people and economy. | | 27 |
| 6284145777 | arable land | land suitable for growing crops | | 28 |
| 6284145779 | arithmetic population density | The population of a country or region expressed as an average per unit area. The figure is derived by dividing the population of the areal unit by the number of square kilometers or miles that make up the unit | | 29 |
| 6284145783 | circulation | Short-term, repetitive, or cyclical movements that recur on a regular basis. | | 30 |
| 6284145785 | crude birth rate | The number of live births per year per 1,000 people. | | 31 |
| 6284145786 | crude death rate | The number of deaths per year per 1,000 people. | | 32 |
| 6284145790 | demography | Scientific study of human populations. | | 33 |
| 6284145791 | population density | A measurement of the number of persons per unit land area. | | 34 |
| 6284145793 | distance decay | the effects of distance on interaction, generally the greater the distance the less interaction | | 35 |
| 6284145795 | doubling rate | The length of time needed to double the population | | 36 |
| 6284145796 | emigration | Migration from a location (Exit migration) | | 37 |
| 6284145798 | epidemiologic transition | The shift from high death rates to low death rates in a population as a result of modern medical and sanitary developments. Also called the "mortality revolution" | | 38 |
| 6284145799 | ethnicity | Identity with a group of people that share distinct physical and mental traits as a product of common heredity and cultural traditions. | | 39 |
| 6284145802 | forced migration | Human migration flows in which the movers have no choice but to relocate. | | 40 |
| 6284145804 | immigration | Movement of individuals into a population (In migration) | | 41 |
| 6284145806 | infant mortality rate | The percentage of children who die before their first birthday within a particular area or country. | | 42 |
| 6284145808 | internal migration | Permanent Movement within a particular country. | | 43 |
| 6284145809 | inter-regional migration | Permanent movement from one region of a country to another | | 44 |
| 6284145810 | intervening obstacles | Any forces or factors that may limit human migration. | | 45 |
| 6284145812 | intra-regional migration | Permanent movement within one region of a country. | | 46 |
| 6284145813 | life expectancy | A figure indicating how long, on average, a person may be expected to live | | 47 |
| 6284145815 | Thomas Malthus | Eighteenth-century English intellectual who warned that population growth threatened future generations because, in his view, population growth would always outstrip increases in agricultural production. | | 48 |
| 6284145816 | migration | Form of relocation diffusion involving permanent move to a new location. | | 49 |
| 6284145818 | natural increase | Population growth measured as the excess of live births over deaths. Natural increase of a does not reflect either emigrant or immigrant movements. | | 50 |
| 6284145820 | net-migration rate | Difference between immigrants and emmigrants per 1,000 people | | 51 |
| 6284145823 | overpopulation | The number of people in an area exceeds the capacity of the environment to support life at a decent standard of living. | | 52 |
| 6284145824 | pandemic | Disease that occurs over a wide geographic area and affects a very high proportion of the population. | | 53 |
| 6284145825 | physiological population density | The number of people per unit of area of arable land, which is land suitable for agriculture | | 54 |
| 6284145829 | population pyramid | A model used in population geography to show the age and sex distribution of a particular population. |  | 55 |
| 6284145830 | pull factors | Factors that induce people to move to a new location. Also called "centripetal factors" | | 56 |
| 6284145831 | push factors | Incentives for potential migrants to leave a place, such as a harsh climate, economic recession, or political turmoil. Also called "centrifugal factors" | | 57 |
| 6284145832 | race | A group of human beings distinguished by physical traits, blood types, genetic code patterns or genetically inherited characteristics. | | 58 |
| 6284145834 | refugees | People who are forced to migrate from their home country and cannot return for fear of persecution because of their race, religion, nationality, membership in a social group, or political opinion. | | 59 |
| 6284145840 | sustainability | The ability to keep in existence or maintain. A sustainable ecosystem is one that can be maintained | | 60 |
| 6284145841 | total fertility rate | The average number of children born to a woman during her childbearing years. | | 61 |
| 6284145842 | voluntary migration | movement in which people relocate in response to perceived opportunity; not forced. | | 62 |
| 6284145843 | zero population growth | a condition in which the population of a country does not grow but remains stable. This condition comes about when the birth rate plus immigration equals the death rate plus emigration. | | 63 |
| 6284145845 | animism | Belief that objects, such as plants and stones, or natural events, like thunderstorms and earthquakes, have a discrete spirit and conscious life. | | 64 |
| 6284145846 | artifacts | object made by human beings, either hand-made or mass-produced | | 65 |
| 6284145847 | assimilation | Adopting the traits of another culture. Often happens over time when one immigrates into a new country. | | 66 |
| 6284145852 | Buddhism | A religion founded in India by Siddhartha Gautama which teaches that the most important thing in life is to reach peace by ending suffering. | | 67 |
| 6284145853 | Confucianism | A philosophy that adheres to the teachings of the Chinese philosopher Confucius. It shows the way to ensure a stable government and an orderly society in the present world and stresses a moral code of conduct. | | 68 |
| 6284145854 | contagious diffusion | The spread of a disease, an innovation, or cultural traits through direct contact with another person or another place. | | 69 |
| 6284145857 | cultural diffusion | The expansion and adoption of a cultural element, from its place of origin to a wider area. | | 70 |
| 6284145860 | cultural hearths | the areas where civilizations first began that radiated the customs, innovations, and ideologies that culturally transformed the world | | 71 |
| 6284145869 | dialect | A regional variety of a language distinguished by vocabulary, spelling, and pronunciation. | | 72 |
| 6284145874 | ethnic religion | A religion with a relatively concentrated spatial distribution whose principles are likely to be based on the physical characteristics of the particular location in which its adherents are concentrated. | | 73 |
| 6284145877 | folk culture | Culture traditionally practiced by a small, homogeneous, rural group living in relative isolation from other groups. | | 74 |
| 6284145883 | Hinduism | A religion and philosophy developed in ancient India, characterized by a belief in reincarnation and a supreme being who takes many forms | | 75 |
| 6284145886 | Indo-European language family | Language family including the Germanic and Romance languages that is spoken by 50% of the world's people | | 76 |
| 6284145887 | Islam | A monotheistic religion based on the belief that there is one God, Allah, and that Muhammad was Allah's prophet. Islam is based in the ancient city of Mecca, Saudi Arabia, the birthplace of Muhammad. | | 77 |
| 6284145889 | Judaism | A religion with a belief in one god. It originated with Abraham and the Hebrew people. Yahweh was responsible for the world and everything within it. They preserved their early history in the Old Testament. | | 78 |
| 6284145891 | language families | Group of languages with a shared but fairly distant origin |  | 79 |
| 6284145893 | lingua franca | A language mutually understood and commonly used in trade by people who have different native languages. | | 80 |
| 6284145898 | material culture | tangible, physical items produced and used by members of a specific culture group and reflective of their traditions, lifestyles, and technologies | | 81 |
| 6284145900 | monotheistic religion | Belief system in which one supreme being is revered as creator and arbiter of all that exists in the universe | | 82 |
| 6284145902 | non-material culture | Human creations, such as values, norms, knowledge, systems of government, language, and so on, that are not embodied in physical objects |  | 83 |
| 6284145903 | norms | rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members | | 84 |
| 6284145906 | popular culture | general mass of people primarily urban based, constantly adopting, conforming to, and quickly abandoning ever-changing common modes of behavior and fads of material and nonmaterial culture | | 85 |
| 6284145911 | Religious sects | relatively small groups that do not affiliate with the more mainstream denominations | | 86 |
| 6284145912 | relocation diffusion | the spread of an idea through physical movement of people from one place to another | | 87 |
| 6284145918 | stimulus diffusion | The spread of an underlying principle, even though a specific characteristic is rejected. | | 88 |
| 6284145926 | toponymy | the study of place names of a region, or toponyms | | 89 |
| 6284145929 | universalizing religion | A religion that attempts to appeal to all people, not just those living in a particular location. | | 90 |
| 6284145996 | relative location | The position of a place in relation to another place | | 91 |
