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AP Psychology AP Review Flashcards

9859476154	psychology	the study of behavior and mental processes	0
9859476155	psychology's biggest question	Which is more important in determining behavior, nature or nurture?	1
9859476156	psychology's three levels of analysis	biopsychosocial approach (looks at the biological, psychological, and social-cultural approaches together)	2
9859476157	biological approach	genetics, close-relatives, body functions	3
9859476158	evolutionary approach	species - helped with survival (ancestors)	4
9859476159	psychodynamic approach	(Freud) subconscious, repressed feelings, unfulfilled wishes	5
9859476160	behavioral approach	learning (classical and operant) observed	6
9859476161	cognitive approach	thinking affects behavior	7
9859476162	humanistic approach	becoming a better human (behavior, acceptance)	8
9859476163	social-cultural approach	cultural, family, environment	9
9859476164	two reasons of why experiments are important	hindsight bias + overconfidence	10
9859476165	types of research methods	descriptive, correlational, and experimental	11
9859476166	descriptive methods	case study survey naturalistic observation (DON'T SHOW CAUSE/EFFECT)	12
9859476167	case study	studies one person in depth may not be typical of population	13
9859476168	survey	studies lots of people not in depth	14
9859476169	naturalistic observation	observe + write facts without interference	15
9859476170	correlational method	shows relation, but not cause/effect scatterplots show research	16
9859476171	correlation coefficient	+ 1.0 (both increase) 0 (no correlation - 1.0 (one increases, other decreases)	17
9859476172	experimental method	does show cause and effect	18
9859476173	population	type of people who are going to be used in experiment	19
9859476174	sample	actual people who will be used (randomness reduces bias)	20
9859476175	random assignment	chance selection between experimental and control groups	21
9859476176	control group	not receiving experimental treatment receives placebo	22
9859476177	experimental group	receiving treatment/drug	23
9859476178	independent variable	drug/procedure/treatment	24
9859476179	dependent variable	outcome of using the drug/treatment	25
9859476180	confounding variable	can affect dependent variable beyond experiment's control	26
9859476181	scientific method	theory hypothesis operational definition revision	27
9859476182	theory	general idea being tested	28
9859476183	hypothesis	measurable/specific	29
9859476184	operational definition	procedures that explain components	30
9859476185	mode	appears the most	31
9859476186	mean	average	32
9859476187	median	middle	33
9859476188	range	highest - lowest	34
9859476189	standard deviation	how scores vary around the mean	35
9859476190	central tendency	single score that represents the whole	36
9859476191	bell curve	(natural curve)	37
9859476192	ethics of testing on animals	need to be treated humanly basically similar to humans	38
9859476193	ethics of testing on humans	consent debriefing no unnecessary discomfort/pain confidentiality	39
9859476194	sensory neurons	travel from sensory receptors to brain	40
9859476195	motor neurons	travel from brain to "motor" workings	41
9859476196	interneurons	(in brain and spinal cord) connecting motor and sensory neurons	42
9859476389	neuron		43
9859476197	dendrites	receive messages from other neurons	44
9859476198	myelin sheath	protects the axon	45
9859476199	axon	where charges travel from cell body to axon terminal	46
9859476200	neurotransmitters	chemical messengers	47
9859476201	reuptake	extra neurotransmitters are taken back	48
9859476202	excitatory charge	"Let's do it!"	49
9859476203	inhibitory charge	"Let's not do it!"	50
9859476204	central nervous system	brain and spinal cord	51
9859476205	peripheral nervous system	somatic nervous system autonomic nervous system	52
9859476206	somatic nervous system	voluntary movements	53
9859476207	autonomic nervous system	involuntary movements (sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems)	54
9859476208	sympathetic nervous system	arousing	55
9859476209	parasympathetic nervous system	calming	56
9859476210	neural networks	more connections form with greater use others fall away if not used	57
9859476211	spinal cord	expressway of information bypasses brain when reflexes involved	58
9859476212	endocrine system	slow uses hormones in the blood system	59
9859476213	master gland	pituitary gland	60
9859476214	brainstem	extension of the spinal cord responsible for automatic survival	61
9859476215	reticular formation (if stimulated)	sleeping subject wakes up	62
9859476216	reticular formation (if damaged)	coma	63
9859476217	brainstem (if severed)	still move (without purpose)	64
9859476218	thalamus	sensory switchboard (does not process smell)	65
9859476219	hypothalamus	basic behaviors (hunger, thirst, sex, blood chemistry)	66
9859476220	cerebellum	nonverbal memory, judge time, balance emotions, coordinate movements	67
9859476221	cerebellum (if damaged)	difficulty walking and coordinating	68
9859476222	amygdala	aggression, fear, and memory associated with these emotions	69
9859476223	amygdala (if lesioned)	subject is mellow	70
9859476224	amygdala (if stimulated)	aggressive	71
9859476225	hippocampus	process new memory	72
9859476226	cerebrum	two large hemispheres perceiving, thinking, and processing	73
9859476227	cerebral cortex	only in higher life forms	74
9859476228	association areas	integrate and interpret information	75
9859476229	glial cells	provide nutrients to myelin sheath marks intelligence higher proportion of glial cells to neurons	76
9859476230	frontal lobe	judgement, personality, processing (Phineas Gage accident)	77
9859476231	parietal lobe	math and spatial reasoning	78
9859476232	temporal lobe	audition and recognizing faces	79
9859476233	occipital lobe	vision	80
9859476234	corpus callosum	split in the brain to stop hyper-communication (eliminate epileptic seizures)	81
9859476235	Wernicke's area	interprets auditory and hearing	82
9859476236	Broca's area	speaking words	83
9859476237	plasticity	ability to adapt if damaged	84
9859476238	sensation	what our senses tell us	85
9859476239	bottom-up processing	senses to brain	86
9859476240	perception	what our brain tells us to do with that information	87
9859476241	top-down processing	brain to senses	88
9859476242	inattentional blindness	fail to "gorilla" because attention is elsewhere	89
9859476243	cocktail party effect	even with tons of stimuli, we are able to pick out our name, etc.	90
9859476244	change blindness	giving directions and person is changed and we don't notice	91
9859476245	choice blindness	when defending the choice we make, we fail to notice choice was changed	92
9859476246	absolute threshold	minimum stimulation needed in order to notice 50% of the time	93
9859476247	signal detection theory	we notice what is more important to us (rather hear a baby crying)	94
9859476248	JND (just noticeable difference)	(Weber's law) difference between different stimuli noticed in proportion	95
9859476249	sensory adaptation	tired of noticing (Brain says, "Been there, done that. Next?"	96
9859476250	rods	night time	97
9859476251	cones	color	98
9859476252	parallel processing	notice color, form, depth, movement, etc.	99
9859476253	Young-Helmholtz trichromatic theory	3 corresponding color receptors (RGB)	100
9859476254	Hering's opponent-process theory	after image in opposite colors (RG, YB, WB)	101
9859476255	trichromatic + opponent-process	Young-Helmholtz -> color stimuli Hering -> en route to cortex	102
9859476256	frequency we hear most	human voice	103
9859476257	Helmoltz (hearing)	we hear different pitches in different places in basilar membrane (high pitches)	104
9859476258	frequency theory	impulse frequency (low pitches)	105
9859476259	Helmholtz + frequency theory	middle pitches	106
9859476260	Skin feels what?	warmth, cold, pressure, pain	107
9859476261	gate-control theory	small fibers - pain large fibers - other senses	108
9859476262	memory of pain	peaks and ends	109
9859476263	smell	close to memory section (not in thalamus)	110
9859476264	grouping	Gestalt make sense of pieces create a whole	111
9859476265	grouping groups	proximity similarity continuity connectedness closure	112
9859476266	make assumptions of placement	higher - farther smaller - farther blocking - closer, in front	113
9859476267	perception =	mood + motivation	114
9859476268	consciousness	awareness of ourselves and the environment	115
9859476269	circadian rhythm	daily biological clock and regular cycle (sleep and awake)	116
9859476270	circadian rhythm pattern	- activated by light - light sensitive retinal proteins signal brains SCN (suprachiasmatic nucleus) - pineal gland decreases melatonin	117
9859476271	What messes with circadian rhythm?	artificial light	118
9859476272	The whole sleep cycle lasts how long?	90 minutes	119
9859476273	sleep stages	relaxed stage (alpha waves) stage 1 (early sleep) (hallucinations) stage 2 (sleep spindles - bursts of activity) (sleep talk) stage 3 (transition phase) (delta waves) stage 4 (delta waves) (sleepwalk/talk + wet the bed) stage 5 (REM) (sensory-rich dreams) (paradoxical sleep)	120
9859476274	purpose of sleep	1. recuperation - repair neurons and allow unused neural connections to wither 2. making memories 3. body growth (children sleep more)	121
9859476275	insomnia	can't sleep	122
9859476276	narcolepsy	fall asleep anywhere at anytime	123
9859476277	sleep apnea	stop breathing in sleep	124
9859476278	night terrors	prevalent in children	125
9859476279	sleepwalking/sleeptalking	hereditary - prevalent in children	126
9859476280	dreaming (3)	1. vivid bizarre intense sensory experiences 2. carry fear/survival issues - vestiges of ancestors' survival ideas 2. replay previous day's experiences/worries	127
9859476281	purpose of dreaming (5 THEORIES)	1. physiological function - develop/preserve neural pathways 2. Freud's wish-fulfillment (manifest/latent content) 3. activation synthesis - make sense of stimulation originating in brain 4. information processing 5. cognitive development - reflective of intelligence	128
9859476282	1. Can hypnosis bring you back in time? 2. Can hypnosis make you do things you wouldn't normally do? 3. Can it alleviate pain? 4. What state are you in during hypnosis? 5. Who is more susceptible?	1. cannot take you back in time 2. cannot make you do things you won't do 3. can alleviate pain 4. fully conscious ((IMAGINATIVE PEOPLE MORE SUSCEPTIBLE))	129
9859476283	depressants	slows neural pathways	130
9859476284	alcohol	((depressant)) disrupts memory formation (REM) lowers inhibition expectancy effect	131
9859476285	barbituates (tranquilizers)	((depressant)) reduce anxiety	132
9859476286	opiates	((depressant)) pleasure reduce anxiety/pain	133
9859476287	stimulants	hypes neural processing	134
9859476288	methamphetamine	((stimulant)) heightens energy euphoria affects dopamine	135
9859476289	caffeine	((stimulant))	136
9859476290	nicotine	((stimulant)) CNS releases neurotransmitters calm anxiety reduce pain affects (nor)epinephrine and dopamine	137
9859476291	cocaine	((stimulant)) euphoria affects dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine	138
9859476292	hallucinogen	excites neural activity	139
9859476293	ecstasy	((hallucinogen)) reuptake is blocked affects dopamine and serotonin	140
9859476294	LSD	((hallucinogen)) affects sensory/emotional "trip" (+/-) affects serotonin	141
9859476295	marijuana	((hallucinogen)) amplify sensory experience disrupts memory formation	142
9859476296	learning	organism changing behavior due to experience (association of events)	143
9859476297	types of learning	classical operant observational	144
9859476298	famous classical psychologists	Pavlov and Watson	145
9859476299	famous operant psychologist	Skinner	146
9859476300	famous observational psychologists	Bandura	147
9859476301	classical conditioning	outside stimulus	148
9859476302	Pavlov's experiment	Step 1: US (food) -> UR (salivation) Step 2: NS (bell) -> US (food) -> UR (salivation) Later... CS (bell) -> CR (salivation)	149
9859476303	Watson's experiment	white rat was given to Little Albert Step 1: US (noise) -> UR (cry) Step 2: NS (rat) -> US (noise) -> UR (cry) Later... CS (rat) -> CR (cry)	150
9859476304	generalization	any small, white fluffy creature will make Albert cry now	151
9859476305	discriminate	any large, white fluffy creature won't make Albert cry	152
9859476306	extinction	stop "treating" with conditioned response	153
9859476307	spontaneous recovery	bring stimulus back after a while	154
9859476308	operant conditioning	control by organism	155
9859476309	Skinner's experiment	operant chamber / Skinner box (lead to shaping)	156
9859476310	shaping	get animal closer to doing what you want them to do	157
9859476311	reinforcers	want to continue behavior (positive reinforcement: give money to do laundry) (negative reinforcement: do to avoid nagging)	158
9859476312	punishments	want to stop behavior (positive reinforcement: smack) (negative reinforcement: take away phone)	159
9859476313	fixed ratio	happens a certain number of times (Starbucks punch card)	160
9859476314	variable ratio	happens an unpredictable number of times (winning the lottery)	161
9859476315	organism must do these (2 times)	fixed ratio and variable ratio	162
9859476316	fixed interval	happens at a certain time (mailman comes to the house at 10:00 AM)	163
9859476317	variable interval	happens at any time (receive texts from friends)	164
9859476318	these things happen regardless (2 times)	fixed interval and variable interval	165
9859476319	Which (fixed/variable) conditions better?	variable	166
9859476320	criticisms of Skinner	doesn't take into account intrinsic motivation	167
9859476321	intrinsic motivation	doing something for yourself, not the reward	168
9859476322	extrinsic motivation	doing something for reward	169
9859476323	Skinner's legacy	use it personally, at school, and at work	170
9859476324	famous observational experiment	Bandura's Bobo doll	171
9859476325	famous observational psychologist	Bandura	172
9859476326	mirror neurons	"feel" what is observed happens in higher order animals	173
9859476327	Bobo doll experiment legacy	violent video games/movies desensitize us see good: do good see evil: do evil	174
9859476328	observational learning	biological behaviors work best	175
9859476329	habituation	get used to it -> stop reacting	176
9859476330	examples for observational learning	lectures and reading	177
9859476331	serotonin involved with memory	speeds the connection between neurons	178
9859476332	LTP	((long-term potentiation)) strengthens potential neural forming (associated with speed)	179
9859476333	CREB	protein that can switch genes on/off with memory and connection of memories	180
9859476334	glutamate involved with memory	neurotransmitter that enhances LTP	181
9859476335	glucose involved with memory	released during strong emotions ((signaling important event to be remembered))	182
9859476336	flashbulb memory	type of memory remembered because it was an important/quick moment	183
9859476337	amygdala (memory)	boosts activity of proteins in memory-forming areas to fight/flight	184
9859476338	cerebellum (memory)	forms and stores implicit memories ((classical conditioning))	185
9859476339	hippocampus (memory)	active during sleep (forming memories) ((information "moves" after 48 hours))	186
9859476340	memory	learning over time contains information that can be retrieved	187
9859476341	processing stages	encoding -> storage -> retrieval	188
9859476342	encoding	information going in	189
9859476343	storage	keeping information in	190
9859476344	retrieval	taking information out	191
9859476345	How long is sensory memory stored?	seconds	192
9859476346	How long is short-term memory stored?	less than a minute	193
9859476347	How many bits of information is stored in short-term memory?	7	194
9859476348	How many chunks of information is stored in short-term memory?	4	195
9859476349	How many seconds of words is stored in short-term memory?	2	196
9859476350	short term memory goes to ______________	working memory	197
9859476351	working memory	make a connection and process information to mean something	198
9859476352	working memory goes to _________________	long-term memory	199
9859476353	How much is stored in long-term memory?	LIMITLESS	200
9859476354	implicit memory	naturally do	201
9859476355	explicit memory	need to explain	202
9859476356	automatic processing	space, time, frequency, well-learned information	203
9859476357	effortful processing	processing that requires effort	204
9859476358	spacing effect	spread out learning over time	205
9859476359	serial position effect	primary/recency effect	206
9859476360	primary effect	remember the first things in a list	207
9859476361	recency effect	remember the last things in a list	208
9859476362	effortful processing (4 things)	1. recency effect 2. spacing effect 3. testing effect 4. serial position effect	209
9859476363	semantic encoding (1) meaning (2) how to	make meaning out of something --- chunk, hierarchy, or connect to you	210
9859476364	if we can't remember a memory...	1. change memory to suit us 2. fill in the blanks with logical story	211
9859476365	misinformation effect	not correct information	212
9859476366	imagination inflation	imagine or visualize something that isn't real	213
9859476367	source amnesia	what is the truth? (is it a dream, story, memory, etc.?)	214
9859476368	priming	association (setting you up)	215
9859476369	context	environment helps with memory	216
9859476370	state-dependency	you may remember something if you go back to the state you were in (go back to high)	217
9859476371	mood-congruency	emotion will bring back similar emotional memories	218
9859476372	forgetting curve	forget after 5 days forget after 5 years	219
9859476373	the forgetting curve was created by	Ebbinghaus	220
9859476374	proactive interference	old information interferes with the new	221
9859476375	retroactive interference	new information interferes with the old	222
9859476376	children can't remember before age __	3	223
9859476377	Loftus	connected to abuse cases/childhood	224
9859476378	prototypes	generalize	225
9859476379	problem-solving (4)	trial + error algorithms heuristic (representative + availability) insight - "AHA!"	226
9859476380	against problem-solving	fixation	227
9859476381	mental set	what has worked in the past	228
9859476382	functional fixedness	only way to do this is with this	229
9859476383	Chomsky (nature or nurture?)	"born with language" (nature)	230
9859476384	Skinner (nature or nurture?)	language is learned (nurture)	231
9859476385	grammar is _________	universal	232
9859476386	phonemes	smallest sound unit	233
9859476387	morphemes	smallest meaning unit	234

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AP Psychology AP Review Flashcards

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9859542398	psychology	the study of behavior and mental processes	0
9859542399	psychology's biggest question	Which is more important in determining behavior, nature or nurture?	1
9859542400	psychology's three levels of analysis	biopsychosocial approach (looks at the biological, psychological, and social-cultural approaches together)	2
9859542401	biological approach	genetics, close-relatives, body functions	3
9859542402	evolutionary approach	species - helped with survival (ancestors)	4
9859542403	psychodynamic approach	(Freud) subconscious, repressed feelings, unfulfilled wishes	5
9859542404	behavioral approach	learning (classical and operant) observed	6
9859542405	cognitive approach	thinking affects behavior	7
9859542406	humanistic approach	becoming a better human (behavior, acceptance)	8
9859542407	social-cultural approach	cultural, family, environment	9
9859542408	two reasons of why experiments are important	hindsight bias + overconfidence	10
9859542409	types of research methods	descriptive, correlational, and experimental	11
9859542410	descriptive methods	case study survey naturalistic observation (DON'T SHOW CAUSE/EFFECT)	12
9859542411	case study	studies one person in depth may not be typical of population	13
9859542412	survey	studies lots of people not in depth	14
9859542413	naturalistic observation	observe + write facts without interference	15
9859542414	correlational method	shows relation, but not cause/effect scatterplots show research	16
9859542415	correlation coefficient	+ 1.0 (both increase) 0 (no correlation - 1.0 (one increases, other decreases)	17
9859542416	experimental method	does show cause and effect	18
9859542417	population	type of people who are going to be used in experiment	19
9859542418	sample	actual people who will be used (randomness reduces bias)	20
9859542419	random assignment	chance selection between experimental and control groups	21
9859542420	control group	not receiving experimental treatment receives placebo	22
9859542421	experimental group	receiving treatment/drug	23
9859542422	independent variable	drug/procedure/treatment	24
9859542423	dependent variable	outcome of using the drug/treatment	25
9859542424	confounding variable	can affect dependent variable beyond experiment's control	26
9859542425	scientific method	theory hypothesis operational definition revision	27
9859542426	theory	general idea being tested	28
9859542427	hypothesis	measurable/specific	29
9859542428	operational definition	procedures that explain components	30
9859542429	mode	appears the most	31
9859542430	mean	average	32
9859542431	median	middle	33
9859542432	range	highest - lowest	34
9859542433	standard deviation	how scores vary around the mean	35
9859542434	central tendency	single score that represents the whole	36
9859542435	bell curve	(natural curve)	37
9859542436	ethics of testing on animals	need to be treated humanly basically similar to humans	38
9859542437	ethics of testing on humans	consent debriefing no unnecessary discomfort/pain confidentiality	39
9859542438	sensory neurons	travel from sensory receptors to brain	40
9859542439	motor neurons	travel from brain to "motor" workings	41
9859542440	interneurons	(in brain and spinal cord) connecting motor and sensory neurons	42
9859542632	neuron		43
9859542441	dendrites	receive messages from other neurons	44
9859542442	myelin sheath	protects the axon	45
9859542443	axon	where charges travel from cell body to axon terminal	46
9859542444	neurotransmitters	chemical messengers	47
9859542445	reuptake	extra neurotransmitters are taken back	48
9859542446	excitatory charge	"Let's do it!"	49
9859542447	inhibitory charge	"Let's not do it!"	50
9859542448	central nervous system	brain and spinal cord	51
9859542449	peripheral nervous system	somatic nervous system autonomic nervous system	52
9859542450	somatic nervous system	voluntary movements	53
9859542451	autonomic nervous system	involuntary movements (sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems)	54
9859542452	sympathetic nervous system	arousing	55
9859542453	parasympathetic nervous system	calming	56
9859542454	neural networks	more connections form with greater use others fall away if not used	57
9859542455	spinal cord	expressway of information bypasses brain when reflexes involved	58
9859542456	endocrine system	slow uses hormones in the blood system	59
9859542457	master gland	pituitary gland	60
9859542458	brainstem	extension of the spinal cord responsible for automatic survival	61
9859542459	reticular formation (if stimulated)	sleeping subject wakes up	62
9859542460	reticular formation (if damaged)	coma	63
9859542461	brainstem (if severed)	still move (without purpose)	64
9859542462	thalamus	sensory switchboard (does not process smell)	65
9859542463	hypothalamus	basic behaviors (hunger, thirst, sex, blood chemistry)	66
9859542464	cerebellum	nonverbal memory, judge time, balance emotions, coordinate movements	67
9859542465	cerebellum (if damaged)	difficulty walking and coordinating	68
9859542466	amygdala	aggression, fear, and memory associated with these emotions	69
9859542467	amygdala (if lesioned)	subject is mellow	70
9859542468	amygdala (if stimulated)	aggressive	71
9859542469	hippocampus	process new memory	72
9859542470	cerebrum	two large hemispheres perceiving, thinking, and processing	73
9859542471	cerebral cortex	only in higher life forms	74
9859542472	association areas	integrate and interpret information	75
9859542473	glial cells	provide nutrients to myelin sheath marks intelligence higher proportion of glial cells to neurons	76
9859542474	frontal lobe	judgement, personality, processing (Phineas Gage accident)	77
9859542475	parietal lobe	math and spatial reasoning	78
9859542476	temporal lobe	audition and recognizing faces	79
9859542477	occipital lobe	vision	80
9859542478	corpus callosum	split in the brain to stop hyper-communication (eliminate epileptic seizures)	81
9859542479	Wernicke's area	interprets auditory and hearing	82
9859542480	Broca's area	speaking words	83
9859542481	plasticity	ability to adapt if damaged	84
9859542482	sensation	what our senses tell us	85
9859542483	bottom-up processing	senses to brain	86
9859542484	perception	what our brain tells us to do with that information	87
9859542485	top-down processing	brain to senses	88
9859542486	inattentional blindness	fail to "gorilla" because attention is elsewhere	89
9859542487	cocktail party effect	even with tons of stimuli, we are able to pick out our name, etc.	90
9859542488	change blindness	giving directions and person is changed and we don't notice	91
9859542489	choice blindness	when defending the choice we make, we fail to notice choice was changed	92
9859542490	absolute threshold	minimum stimulation needed in order to notice 50% of the time	93
9859542491	signal detection theory	we notice what is more important to us (rather hear a baby crying)	94
9859542492	JND (just noticeable difference)	(Weber's law) difference between different stimuli noticed in proportion	95
9859542493	sensory adaptation	tired of noticing (Brain says, "Been there, done that. Next?"	96
9859542494	rods	night time	97
9859542495	cones	color	98
9859542496	parallel processing	notice color, form, depth, movement, etc.	99
9859542497	Young-Helmholtz trichromatic theory	3 corresponding color receptors (RGB)	100
9859542498	Hering's opponent-process theory	after image in opposite colors (RG, YB, WB)	101
9859542499	trichromatic + opponent-process	Young-Helmholtz -> color stimuli Hering -> en route to cortex	102
9859542500	frequency we hear most	human voice	103
9859542501	Helmoltz (hearing)	we hear different pitches in different places in basilar membrane (high pitches)	104
9859542502	frequency theory	impulse frequency (low pitches)	105
9859542503	Helmholtz + frequency theory	middle pitches	106
9859542504	Skin feels what?	warmth, cold, pressure, pain	107
9859542505	gate-control theory	small fibers - pain large fibers - other senses	108
9859542506	memory of pain	peaks and ends	109
9859542507	smell	close to memory section (not in thalamus)	110
9859542508	grouping	Gestalt make sense of pieces create a whole	111
9859542509	grouping groups	proximity similarity continuity connectedness closure	112
9859542510	make assumptions of placement	higher - farther smaller - farther blocking - closer, in front	113
9859542511	perception =	mood + motivation	114
9859542512	consciousness	awareness of ourselves and the environment	115
9859542513	circadian rhythm	daily biological clock and regular cycle (sleep and awake)	116
9859542514	circadian rhythm pattern	- activated by light - light sensitive retinal proteins signal brains SCN (suprachiasmatic nucleus) - pineal gland decreases melatonin	117
9859542515	What messes with circadian rhythm?	artificial light	118
9859542516	The whole sleep cycle lasts how long?	90 minutes	119
9859542517	sleep stages	relaxed stage (alpha waves) stage 1 (early sleep) (hallucinations) stage 2 (sleep spindles - bursts of activity) (sleep talk) stage 3 (transition phase) (delta waves) stage 4 (delta waves) (sleepwalk/talk + wet the bed) stage 5 (REM) (sensory-rich dreams) (paradoxical sleep)	120
9859542518	purpose of sleep	1. recuperation - repair neurons and allow unused neural connections to wither 2. making memories 3. body growth (children sleep more)	121
9859542519	insomnia	can't sleep	122
9859542520	narcolepsy	fall asleep anywhere at anytime	123
9859542521	sleep apnea	stop breathing in sleep	124
9859542522	night terrors	prevalent in children	125
9859542523	sleepwalking/sleeptalking	hereditary - prevalent in children	126
9859542524	dreaming (3)	1. vivid bizarre intense sensory experiences 2. carry fear/survival issues - vestiges of ancestors' survival ideas 2. replay previous day's experiences/worries	127
9859542525	purpose of dreaming (5 THEORIES)	1. physiological function - develop/preserve neural pathways 2. Freud's wish-fulfillment (manifest/latent content) 3. activation synthesis - make sense of stimulation originating in brain 4. information processing 5. cognitive development - reflective of intelligence	128
9859542526	1. Can hypnosis bring you back in time? 2. Can hypnosis make you do things you wouldn't normally do? 3. Can it alleviate pain? 4. What state are you in during hypnosis? 5. Who is more susceptible?	1. cannot take you back in time 2. cannot make you do things you won't do 3. can alleviate pain 4. fully conscious ((IMAGINATIVE PEOPLE MORE SUSCEPTIBLE))	129
9859542527	depressants	slows neural pathways	130
9859542528	alcohol	((depressant)) disrupts memory formation (REM) lowers inhibition expectancy effect	131
9859542529	barbituates (tranquilizers)	((depressant)) reduce anxiety	132
9859542530	opiates	((depressant)) pleasure reduce anxiety/pain	133
9859542531	stimulants	hypes neural processing	134
9859542532	methamphetamine	((stimulant)) heightens energy euphoria affects dopamine	135
9859542533	caffeine	((stimulant))	136
9859542534	nicotine	((stimulant)) CNS releases neurotransmitters calm anxiety reduce pain affects (nor)epinephrine and dopamine	137
9859542535	cocaine	((stimulant)) euphoria affects dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine	138
9859542536	hallucinogen	excites neural activity	139
9859542537	ecstasy	((hallucinogen)) reuptake is blocked affects dopamine and serotonin	140
9859542538	LSD	((hallucinogen)) affects sensory/emotional "trip" (+/-) affects serotonin	141
9859542539	marijuana	((hallucinogen)) amplify sensory experience disrupts memory formation	142
9859542540	learning	organism changing behavior due to experience (association of events)	143
9859542541	types of learning	classical operant observational	144
9859542542	famous classical psychologists	Pavlov and Watson	145
9859542543	famous operant psychologist	Skinner	146
9859542544	famous observational psychologists	Bandura	147
9859542545	classical conditioning	outside stimulus	148
9859542546	Pavlov's experiment	Step 1: US (food) -> UR (salivation) Step 2: NS (bell) -> US (food) -> UR (salivation) Later... CS (bell) -> CR (salivation)	149
9859542547	Watson's experiment	white rat was given to Little Albert Step 1: US (noise) -> UR (cry) Step 2: NS (rat) -> US (noise) -> UR (cry) Later... CS (rat) -> CR (cry)	150
9859542548	generalization	any small, white fluffy creature will make Albert cry now	151
9859542549	discriminate	any large, white fluffy creature won't make Albert cry	152
9859542550	extinction	stop "treating" with conditioned response	153
9859542551	spontaneous recovery	bring stimulus back after a while	154
9859542552	operant conditioning	control by organism	155
9859542553	Skinner's experiment	operant chamber / Skinner box (lead to shaping)	156
9859542554	shaping	get animal closer to doing what you want them to do	157
9859542555	reinforcers	want to continue behavior (positive reinforcement: give money to do laundry) (negative reinforcement: do to avoid nagging)	158
9859542556	punishments	want to stop behavior (positive reinforcement: smack) (negative reinforcement: take away phone)	159
9859542557	fixed ratio	happens a certain number of times (Starbucks punch card)	160
9859542558	variable ratio	happens an unpredictable number of times (winning the lottery)	161
9859542559	organism must do these (2 times)	fixed ratio and variable ratio	162
9859542560	fixed interval	happens at a certain time (mailman comes to the house at 10:00 AM)	163
9859542561	variable interval	happens at any time (receive texts from friends)	164
9859542562	these things happen regardless (2 times)	fixed interval and variable interval	165
9859542563	Which (fixed/variable) conditions better?	variable	166
9859542564	criticisms of Skinner	doesn't take into account intrinsic motivation	167
9859542565	intrinsic motivation	doing something for yourself, not the reward	168
9859542566	extrinsic motivation	doing something for reward	169
9859542567	Skinner's legacy	use it personally, at school, and at work	170
9859542568	famous observational experiment	Bandura's Bobo doll	171
9859542569	famous observational psychologist	Bandura	172
9859542570	mirror neurons	"feel" what is observed happens in higher order animals	173
9859542571	Bobo doll experiment legacy	violent video games/movies desensitize us see good: do good see evil: do evil	174
9859542572	observational learning	biological behaviors work best	175
9859542573	habituation	get used to it -> stop reacting	176
9859542574	examples for observational learning	lectures and reading	177
9859542575	serotonin involved with memory	speeds the connection between neurons	178
9859542576	LTP	((long-term potentiation)) strengthens potential neural forming (associated with speed)	179
9859542577	CREB	protein that can switch genes on/off with memory and connection of memories	180
9859542578	glutamate involved with memory	neurotransmitter that enhances LTP	181
9859542579	glucose involved with memory	released during strong emotions ((signaling important event to be remembered))	182
9859542580	flashbulb memory	type of memory remembered because it was an important/quick moment	183
9859542581	amygdala (memory)	boosts activity of proteins in memory-forming areas to fight/flight	184
9859542582	cerebellum (memory)	forms and stores implicit memories ((classical conditioning))	185
9859542583	hippocampus (memory)	active during sleep (forming memories) ((information "moves" after 48 hours))	186
9859542584	memory	learning over time contains information that can be retrieved	187
9859542585	processing stages	encoding -> storage -> retrieval	188
9859542586	encoding	information going in	189
9859542587	storage	keeping information in	190
9859542588	retrieval	taking information out	191
9859542589	How long is sensory memory stored?	seconds	192
9859542590	How long is short-term memory stored?	less than a minute	193
9859542591	How many bits of information is stored in short-term memory?	7	194
9859542592	How many chunks of information is stored in short-term memory?	4	195
9859542593	How many seconds of words is stored in short-term memory?	2	196
9859542594	short term memory goes to ______________	working memory	197
9859542595	working memory	make a connection and process information to mean something	198
9859542596	working memory goes to _________________	long-term memory	199
9859542597	How much is stored in long-term memory?	LIMITLESS	200
9859542598	implicit memory	naturally do	201
9859542599	explicit memory	need to explain	202
9859542600	automatic processing	space, time, frequency, well-learned information	203
9859542601	effortful processing	processing that requires effort	204
9859542602	spacing effect	spread out learning over time	205
9859542603	serial position effect	primary/recency effect	206
9859542604	primary effect	remember the first things in a list	207
9859542605	recency effect	remember the last things in a list	208
9859542606	effortful processing (4 things)	1. recency effect 2. spacing effect 3. testing effect 4. serial position effect	209
9859542607	semantic encoding (1) meaning (2) how to	make meaning out of something --- chunk, hierarchy, or connect to you	210
9859542608	if we can't remember a memory...	1. change memory to suit us 2. fill in the blanks with logical story	211
9859542609	misinformation effect	not correct information	212
9859542610	imagination inflation	imagine or visualize something that isn't real	213
9859542611	source amnesia	what is the truth? (is it a dream, story, memory, etc.?)	214
9859542612	priming	association (setting you up)	215
9859542613	context	environment helps with memory	216
9859542614	state-dependency	you may remember something if you go back to the state you were in (go back to high)	217
9859542615	mood-congruency	emotion will bring back similar emotional memories	218
9859542616	forgetting curve	forget after 5 days forget after 5 years	219
9859542617	the forgetting curve was created by	Ebbinghaus	220
9859542618	proactive interference	old information interferes with the new	221
9859542619	retroactive interference	new information interferes with the old	222
9859542620	children can't remember before age __	3	223
9859542621	Loftus	connected to abuse cases/childhood	224
9859542622	prototypes	generalize	225
9859542623	problem-solving (4)	trial + error algorithms heuristic (representative + availability) insight - "AHA!"	226
9859542624	against problem-solving	fixation	227
9859542625	mental set	what has worked in the past	228
9859542626	functional fixedness	only way to do this is with this	229
9859542627	Chomsky (nature or nurture?)	"born with language" (nature)	230
9859542628	Skinner (nature or nurture?)	language is learned (nurture)	231
9859542629	grammar is _________	universal	232
9859542630	phonemes	smallest sound unit	233
9859542631	morphemes	smallest meaning unit	234

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APES Biomes Flashcards

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8382603652	Biome	A large terrestrial region, characterized by a certain type of climate and a certain combination of dominant plant life.	0
8385789108	Deserts	Type of biome that has characteristics of: - Low NPP - Poor Soil - Few Microbes - Slow Nutrient Cycling	1
8385800760	Tropical Deserts	Type of deserts that has characteristics of: - Located Between 0° and 30° Latitude - Hot and Dry - Few Plants and Animals - Rock and Sand	2
8385818234	Temperate Deserts	Type of deserts that has characteristics of: - Seasonal Fluctuations In Temperature - More Precipitation; Shrubs, Cacti, Succulents	3
8385829354	Cold Deserts	Type of deserts that has characteristics of: - Warm/Hot Summers, Cold Winters - Little Precipitation - Sparse Vegetation	4
8385843579	Tropical Desert Climate Graph	- High Temperatures - Low Precipitation	5
8385849330	Temperate Desert Climate Graph	- Seasonal Temperatures - Low Precipitation	6
8385858228	Cold Desert Climate Graph	- Seasonal, but Mostly Cold Temperatures - Low Precipitation	7
8385862713	Grasslands	Type of biome that has characteristics of: - Form in Areas Where Too Dry For Forests, But Too Moist For Deserts - Seasonal Droughts - Occasional Fires	8
8385888092	Tropical Savanna	Type of grassland that has characteristics of: - Scattered Clumps of Trees - Warm Temperatures Year Round - Dry/Wet Seasons	9
8385954645	Temperate Prairies	Type of grassland that has characteristics of: - Cold Winters and Hot Summers - Fertile Soil - Precipitation is Sparse and Uneven	10
8386022702	Arctic Tundra	Type of grassland that has characteristics of: - Cold, Windy, Icy - Treeless - Short Summers - Growth of Grass, Moss, and Lichens - Permafrost Allows For Seasonal Wetlands	11
8386096535	Tropical Savanna Climate Graph	- Overall Moderate Temperatures - Constant Temperature - Major Dip in Precipitation	12
8386132129	Temperate Prairies Climate Graph	- Seasonal Temperatures - Mostly Above Freezing - Seasonal Precipitation - Precipitation Follows Temperature Trends	13
8386157166	Arctic Tundra Climate Graph	- Seasonal Temperatures - Low Precipitation - Majority of Time Below Freezing	14
8386051206	Shrublands & Chapparal	Type of biomes that has characteristics of: - Occurs More Along The Coast, Bordering Deserts - Dense Growth of Evergreen Shrubs - Thin, Fertile Soil - Warm, Dry Summers - Rainy Winters, Heavy Fog - Prone to Fires	15
8386182041	Forests	Type of biomes that has characteristics of: - Land That is Dominated By Trees - Precipitation is Normal - Varied Precipitation and Varied Temperatures	16
8386202249	Tropical Rainforest	Type of forest that has characteristics of: - Hot, Wet and Moist - Dominated By Broad Leaf Evergreens - Huge NPP and Biodiversity - Incredibly Fast Nutrient Cycling - Over Half Have Been Destroyed For Timber and Grazing - Thin, Infertile Soil	17
8386239933	Temperate Deciduous Forests	Type of forest that has characteristics of: - Moderate Temperatures and Rainfall Seasons - Dominated By Broadleaf Deciduous (Lose Leaves) - Rich, Fertile Soils	18
8386258048	Evergreen Coniferous (Taiga or Boreal Forest)	Type of forest that has characteristics of: - Cold, Found at High Elevations - Short Summers - Dominated By Conifers - Decomposition is Slow - Soil is Poor	19
8386277736	Temperate Rainforest	Type of forest that has characteristics of: - Found in Coastal Temperate Areas - Ample Moisture From Rainfall & Fag - Dominated by Conifers	20

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AP ~ Palabras de Alta Frecuencia Flashcards

These are the most important words to learn first in Spanish as they are the top 100 most frequently used. Once you know these words, you will find your comprehension increases by a great deal! For a more complete list, take a look at the book A Frequency Dictionary of Spanish: Core Vocabulary for Learners by Mark Davies.

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4766962227	el / la ; los/las	the; the plural	0
4766962228	de	of, from	1
4766962229	que	that, which	2
4766962230	y	and	3
4766962231	a	to, at	4
4766962232	en	in, on	5
4766962233	un	a, an	6
4766962234	ser	to be	7
4766962235	se	self, oneself	8
4766962236	no	no	9
4766962237	haber	to have (special form)	10
4766962238	por	by, for, through	11
4766962239	con	with	12
4766962240	su	his, her, their, your	13
4766962241	para	for, to, in order to	14
4766962242	como	like, as	15
4766962243	estar	to be	16
4766962244	tener	to have	17
4766962245	le	to him/to her	18
4766962246	lo	the	19
4766962247	lo	him	20
4766962248	todo	all, every	21
4766962249	pero	but, yet, except	22
4766962250	más	more	23
4766962251	hacer	to do, make	24
4766962252	o	or	25
4766962253	poder	to be able to, can	26
4766962254	decir	to tell, say	27
4766962255	este	this	28
4766962256	esta	this	29
4766962257	ir	to go	30
4766962258	otro	other, another	31
4766962259	ese	that	32
4766962260	esa	that	33
4766962261	la	her	34
4766962262	si	if, whether	35
4766962263	me	me	36
4766962264	ya	already, still	37
4766962265	ver	to see	38
4766962266	porque	because	39
4766962267	dar	to give	40
4766962268	cuando	when	41
4766962269	él	he	42
4766962270	muy	very, really	43
4766962271	sin	without	44
4766962272	vez	time, occurrence	45
4766962273	mucho	much, many, a lot	46
4766962274	saber	to know	47
4766962275	qué	what? which? how!	48
4766962276	sobre	on top of, over, about	49
4766962277	mi	my	50
4766962278	alguno	some; someone	51
4766962279	mismo	same	52
4766962280	yo	I	53
4766962281	también	also	54
4766962282	hasta	until, up to; even	55
4766962283	año	year	56
4766962284	dos	two	57
4766962285	querer	to want, love	58
4766962286	entre	between	59
4766962287	así	like that	60
4766962288	primero	first	61
4766962289	desde	from, since	62
4766962290	grande	large, great, big	63
4766962291	eso	that	64
4766962292	ni	not even, neither, nor	65
4766962293	nos	us	66
4766962294	llegar	to arrive	67
4766962295	pasar	to pass, spend (time)	68
4766962296	tiempo	time, weather	69
4766962297	ella	she	70
4766962298	ellas	them	71
4766962299	sí	yes	72
4766962300	día	day	73
4766962301	uno	one	74
4766962302	bien	well	75
4766962303	poco	little few; a little bit	76
4766962304	deber	should, ought to; to owe	77
4766962305	entonces	so, then	78
4766962306	poner	to put (on); get (+ adj.)	79
4766962307	cosa	thing	80
4766962308	tanto	much	81
4766962309	hombre	man, mankind, husband	82
4766962310	parecer	to seem, look like	83
4766962311	nuestro	our	84
4766962312	tan	such, a, too, so	85
4766962313	donde	where	86
4766962314	ahora	now	87
4766962315	parte	part, portion	88
4766962316	después	after	89
4766962317	vida	life	90
4766962318	quedar	to remain, to stay	91
4766962319	siempre	always	92
4766962320	creer	to believe	93
4766962321	hablar	to speak, talk	94
4766962322	llevar	to take, to carry, to wear	95
4766962323	dejar	to let, to leave	96
4766962324	nada	nothing	97
4766962325	cada	each, every	98
4766962326	seguir	to follow	99
4766962327	menos	less, fewer	100
4766962328	nuevo	new	101
4766962329	encontrar	to find	102

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Cell Energy: AP Biology Flashcards

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9524946963	Catabolism	Metabolic pathways that break down molecules, releasing energy	0
9524946964	Anabolism	Metabolic pathways that construct molecules, requiring energy.	1
9524946965	Enthalpy	total energy	2
9524946966	Entropy	total disorder	3
9524946967	Exergonic	Releases energy	4
9524946968	Endergonic	Energy produced	5
9524946969	ATP structure	Has a phosphate group, hydrogen base that consist of two molecules and a one molecule 5-carbon sugar	6
9524946970	The Cycle	Endergonic (energy made) ATP Made Hydrolysis of ATP Exergonic (energy loss) ADP + Pi starts over	7
9524946972	General equation for cell respiration	glucose - oxygen - carbon dioxide- water, energy C6H12O6 - 6O2 - 6CO2 + 6H2O	8
9524946973	phosphorylation reaction	phosphate from ATP transfer energy to glucose, requires enzyme (kinase)	9
9524946974	cell respiration	glucose oxidized oxygen reduced requires enzyme (dehydrogenases)	10
9524946975	Aerobic	glycolysis, conversion to Acetyl COA, krebs cycle, ETC: oxidation phosphorylation	11
9524946976	Anaerobic	glycolysis, fermentation	12
9524946977	glycolysis is in the	cytoplasm	13
9524946978	Acetyl CoA and krebs cycle are in the	matrix (low H+, less acidic)	14
9524946979	Oxidative phosphorylation	inner membrane (high H+, more acidic)	15
9524946980	Glycolysis	glucose broken down into 2 pyruvate 2 NADH made and transferred to mitochondria forms 2 net ATP ATP to ADP = phosphorylation 2NAD+ to 2H+ = oxidation/reduction	16
9524946981	krebs cycle	conversion to Acetyl CoA - 2NADH & 2 Acetyl CoA made purpose: complete oxidation of glucose and make energy for ETC	17
9524946982	ETC	electrons from NADH move to O2 protons pumped into inner membrane space water forms (O2 final electron acceptor)	18
9524946983	Anemiosmosis	protons diffuse back into matrix trough ATP synthase, makes ATP	19
9524946984	Fermentation	regenerate NAD+, reduce pyruvate end result - alcohol, CO2, lactic acid Alc: bacteria, fungi, plants lactic acid: bacteria, fungi, animals	20
9524946985	Role in cell reparation of: NAD+ FAD+ O2	-NAD+: accept/donate electrons -FAD+: accept/donate electrons - O2: final electron acceptor in ETC	21
9524946986	substrate level phosphorylation	ATP made via transfer of phosphate group	22
9524946987	oxidative phosphorylation	ATP made from redux reactions	23
9524946988	chloroplasts	-stroma: low H+ -thylakiod: high H+	24
9524946989	equation for photosynthesis	6CO2 + 6H2O + energy --- C6H12O6 + 6O2	25
9524946990	light dependent	-utilize water, oxygen released, ATP Made -occurs in thylakoid	26
9524946991	light independent	need CO2 and ATP to make sugar occur in stroma	27
9524946992	pigments important for photosynthesis	chlorophyl a and b, carotenoids	28
9524946993	ATP made	light absorbed, electrons transferred from photosystem 1 to 2, ETC pumps protons into thylakoid, protons diffuse through ATP synthase and phosphate group bonds to ADP	29
9524946994	role of ATP and ADP in Calvin cycle	ATP and ADP: convert carbon into sugar	30
9524946995	ATP made in mitochondria	through cell respiration in the matrix	31
9524946996	ATP made in chloroplast	through light stroma	32
9524946997	ATP made in chloroplast and ATP made in mitochondria both:	have inter membrane space diffuse of protein have ETC	33

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AP Comparative China Terms Flashcards

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9525585468	Autonomous regions	Areas that have limited self-government within a sovereign country; used especially of areas in China where ethnic minorities have been granted some autonomy	0
9525585469	CCP	Chinese communist party. Founded in 1921 and came to power in 1949. It is the ruling party for the people's republic of China.	1
9525585470	Central Committee	Supposedly the most important body in a communist party; its influence declined as it grew in size and the party needed daily leadership.	2
9525585471	Confucianism	A philosophy of ethics, education, and public service based on the writings of Confucius and traditionally thought of as one of the core elements of Chinese culture	3
9525585472	Cult of Personality	Promotion of the image of an authoritarian leader not merely as a political figure but as someone who embodies the spirit of the nation and possesses endowments of wisdom and strength far beyond those of the average individual.	4
9525585473	Cultural Revolution	(1966-1976) Political policy in started in China by Mao Zedong to eliminate his rivals and train a new generation in the revolutionary spirit that created communist China. The Cultural Revolution resulted in beatings, terror, mass jailings, and the deaths of thousands.	5
9525585474	Danwei	The basic means of social organization and a major means of political control in China's communist party-state; all Chinese citizens have a lifetime affiliation with a specific area based on their job that dictated all aspects of their lives, including housing, health care, and other social benefits.	6
9525585475	Decentralization	the spread of power away from the national government to local branches or governments	7
9525585476	Democratic centralism	a form of democracy in which the interests of the masses were discovered through discussion within the Communist party, and then decisions were made under central leadership to serve those interests; rule by a few for the good of the many	8
9525585477	Dynastic cycles	the circle of change the Chinese dynasties went through; establishing power, successful rule, decline, collapse, rise of a new dynasty	9
9525585478	Floating population	China's 150 million moving peasants who left the countryside to find urban employment	10
9525585479	Four Modernizations	A set of goals adopted by the Chinese Deng Xiaoping in the late 20th century, involving progress in agriculture, industry, defense, and science and technology. Unlike the Great Leap Forward, the Four Modernizations was an economic success.	11
9525585480	Great Leap Forward	China's second five-year plan under the leadership of Mao, it aimed to speed up economic development while simultaneously developing a completely socialist society. This plan failed and more than 20 million people starved between 1958 and 1960.	12
9525585481	Guanxi	a Chinese term meaning "connections" or "relationships" and describes personal ties between individuals based on such things as common birthplace or mutual acquaintances; important factor in China's political and economic life; a form of patron-client relationship in China.	13
9525585482	Hukou	A Chinese term that means "household residency permit" and refers to the system in which all citizens of the People's Republic of China must have an official card that allows them to live, work, and receive benefits only in a specific location. The hukou system was used as a means of social control, political surveillance, and internal migration restrictions. The hukou system has not been vigorously enforced since China has moved toward a market economy and the need for labor mobility.	14
9525585483	Hundred Flowers Movement	Refers to a period in 1956-57 when Chinese Communist Party Chairman Mao Zedong encouraged citizens, particularly intellectuals, to speak out ("Let a hundred flowers bloom, let a hundred schools of thought contend!") and give their views on how to improve China's government. Mao was shocked by the depth of the criticism of communist rule and cracked down by silencing and punishing the critics by launching the Anti-Rightist Campaign.	15
9525585484	"Iron Rice Bowl"	a feature of China's socialist economy that provided guarantees of lifetime employment, income, and basic cradle-to-grave benefits to most urban and rural workers	16
9525585485	Long March	The 6,000-mile flight of Chinese Communists from southeastern to northwestern China. The Communists, led by Mao Zedong, were pursued by the Chinese army under orders from Chiang Kai-shek.	17
9525585486	Mandate of Heaven	A political theory of ancient China in which those in power were given the right to rule from a divine source - similar to divine right concept in Europe	18
9525585487	National Party Congress	legislative body of the CCP of over 2,000 delegates chosen primarily from congresses on lower levels; meets every 5 years to rubberstamp decisions by party leaders; main power: elect members of the Central Committee	19
9525585488	One child policy	Act in China that allows people to have only 1 child in the city and 2 children in the countryside created in 1979; program established by the Chinese Government to slow population growth in China	20
9525585489	Plenums	Meetings of Central Committee; occurs annually and is about a week long; gathering of political elites; members of politburo and standing committee chosen during this	21
9525585490	Politburo & Standing Committee	at the very top of the CCP; chosen by the Central Committee to dictate government policies	22
9525585491	Political elites	leaders who have a disproportionate share of policy-making power, democracies often still have them despite their competitive elections	23
9525585492	Special Economic Zones	In 1979, the Chinese government set up these zones on the coast near Macao, Hong Kong and Taiwan. Improved transportation, lower taxes, and other incentives attracted investments from foreign businesses. They helped stimulate innovation and helped China grow economically.	24
9525585493	Standing Committee	a committee consisting of the top leadership of the Communist Party of China that meets regularly to govern the country; seven members that are chosen from the Politburo	25
9525585494	Taiwan	a government on the island of Taiwan established in 1949 by Chiang Kai-shek after the conquest of mainland China by the communists led by Mao Zedong; today is an autonomous region of China	26
9525585495	Technocrats	highly-educated bureaucrats who make decisions based on their perceptions of technical issues rather than political ones	27
9525585496	Tiananmen Square	Site in Beijing where Chinese students and workers gathered to demand greater political openness in 1989. The demonstration was crushed by Chinese military with great loss of life.	28
9525585499	China		29
9525585500	Laos		30
9525585501	Philippines		31
9525585502	North Korea		32
9525585503	Thailand		33
9525585504	Cambodia		34
9525585505	Japan		35
9525585506	Taiwan		36
9525585507	Vietnam		37
9525585508	Indonesia		38
9525585497	mass line	The obligation of leaders to listen to and communicate with ordinary folks in the PRC	39

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9209326379	Human Development Index (HDI)	The United Nations developed a metric to measure the development of each country	0
9209332083	Gross National Income (GNI)	Value of output of goods, money that leaves and comes into the country.	1
9209337020	Purchasing Power Parity (PPP)	Cost of living adjustment made to the GNI	2
9209342863	Gross Domestic Product (GDP)	similar to GNI, accept it doesn't account for money entering and leaving the country. What they used before GNI	3
9209349237	Core	more developed, consuming the high rate, making the profit, making money	4
9209352129	Periphery	less developed, dependent on core countries	5
9209357370	Semi-peripheral	Countries that share both of the characteristics of core and peripheral	6
9209362691	World System Theory	suggests that wealthy countries benefit from other countries and exploit those countries citizens	7
9209369193	Self-sufficiency	encourage domestic production of goods, discourage foreign ownerships of businesses. Popular during most of the 20th century. Businesses don't have to try and compete with large corporations. They try to help everybody in many industries. Equal wages, reduce poverty. Payed for what you need, not what you produce. People have to buy your stuff, it doesn't have to be good quality or cheap because there's no competing company. Don't need to improve quality or efficiency. Need for bureaucracy.	8
9209375051	International Trade	open themselves to foreign affairs and international markets. Taxing. More popular beginning in the late 20th century. Uneven resource distribution. May focus on one industry that is very successful.	9
9209384404	Rostow's 5 stages of developmet?	1. Traditional Society 2. Preconditions for Takeoff 3. Takeoff 4. Drive to maturity 5. Age of mass consumption	10
9209414234	Demographic indicator of gender differences	life expectancy of females compared to males	11
9209419139	Social indicators of gender differences	Number of females enrolled in school compared to males. % of literate females compared to the % of literate males.	12
9209424481	Economic indicator of gender differences	female income compared to male	13
9209436544	What are the 3 major factors that determine location of manufacturing (Weber's)	Labor, Transportation, Agglomeration	14
9209445970	Weber's Least Cost Theory	(triangle) they must take into consideration the location of raw materials and the market for the product. The topography is uniform. Transportation costs are equal. The area in the triangle has similar cultural beliefs and economic value. Labor is infinitely available at any production point in the triangle.	15
9209454878	Deindustrialization	process by which companies move industrial jobs to other regions with cheaper labor.	16
9209459592	Closed Shop "Not right to work"	you have to be in a union.	17
9209463588	Right to Work Laws	you don't have to join a union.	18

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Vocabulaire AP Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images

9880816018	durcir	rendre plus rigide	0
9880816019	esquiver	éviter	1
9880816020	outré	indigné	2
9880816021	se tourner vers	demander (à quelqu'un) pour l'aide	3
9880816022	un centaine	une quantité de 100 et plus	4
9880816023	intenable	insupportable	5
9880816024	une épreuve	l'adversité	6
9880816025	un recours	une solution	7
9880816026	les renseignements	les informations, les données	8
9880816027	prévoir	prédire, annoncer comme probable	9
9880816028	dossier	l'ensemble d'informations sur un sujet	10
9880816029	se méfier	être soupçonneux	11
9880816030	aérien	relatif à l'air	12
9880816031	certes	une marque d'affirmation	13
9880816032	filer	aller très vite	14
9880816033	se plaindre	exprimer une douleur	15
9880816034	un abri	un lieu protecteur	16
9880816035	s'immiscer	s'en mêler	17
9880816036	accrocher	adhérer	18
9880816037	accroître	augmenter, intensifier	19
9880816038	se serrer les coudes	être solidaire	20
9880816039	sournois	insidieux	21
9880816040	à contresens	de façon opposée	22
9880816041	en vogue	à la mode	23
9880816042	néfaste	nuisible	24
9880816043	de gré ou de force	à sa volonté	25
9880816044	se faire un sang d'encre	s'inquiéter excessivement	26
9880816045	perturbé	dérangé	27
9880816046	la racine	l'origine	28
9880816047	se lancer	s'engager dans une activité	29
9880816048	un toxicomane	quelqu'un qui est dépendant sur une chimique	30
9880816049	remporter	gagner	31
9880816050	les méfaits	les mauvaises actions	32
9880816051	refroidir	faire baisser en température	33
9880816052	soutenable	défendable	34
9880816053	la sagesse	savoir sur la vie	35
9880816054	rayonnement	l'émission de rayons	36
9880816055	estomper	adoucir	37
9880816056	renforcer	rendre plus fort	38
9880816057	la rénumération	la salaire	39
9880816058	décrocher	détacher	40
9880816059	maîtriser	savoir utiliser, gérer	41
9880816060	démarrer	commencer	42
9880816061	disponible	qui est libre	43
9880816062	lors de	pendant	44
9880816063	se venger	prendre une revanche	45
9880816064	à coup sûr	avec certitude	46
9880816065	les renseignements	les informations	47
9880816066	l'hébergement	accueil pour la nuit	48
9880816067	inédit	jamais encore vu	49
9880816068	envisager	considérer	50
9880816069	gérer	s'occuper de	51
9880816070	certes	une marque d'affirmation	52
9880816071	fuir	chercher d'éviter	53
9880816072	poursuivre	pourchasser	54
9880816073	s'entraider	s'aider mutuellement	55
9880816074	piéger	capturer, attraper	56
9880816075	filer	aller très vite	57
9880816076	franchir	passer au-delà	58
9880816077	le dépaysement	le changement d'habitudes/état mental	59
9880816078	cibler	choisir un objectif	60
9880816079	ONG	une organisation non-gouvernementale	61
9880816080	dévoiler	faire découvrir	62
9880816081	un hétacombe	un désastre	63
9880816082	le bilan	l'état d'une situation	64
9880816083	croiser	examiner	65
9880816084	vaincre	surmonter un obstacle	66
9880816085	prétendre	affirmer un fait	67
9880816086	pousser	avancer	68
9880816087	une pénurie	une insuffisance	69
9880816088	inopinément	de manière inattendue	70
9880816089	hélas	malheureusement	71
9880816090	démarrer	commencer	72
9880816091	un(e) râté(e)	qui n'a pas réussi(e)	73
9880816092	endolori	qui fait mal	74
9880816093	le consensus	l'accord d'un grand nombre	75
9880816094	avouer	admettre	76
9880816095	l'extase	la joie immense	77
9880816096	un piéton	une personne qui va à pied	78
9880816097	insuffisant(e)	insatisfaisant(e)	79
9880816098	hâter	accélérer	80
9880816099	tirer	amener vers soi	81
9880816100	bruyant	qui génère beaucoup de bruit	82
9880816101	un conseil avisé	un bon conseil intelligent	83
9880816102	misogyne	qui méprise les femmes	84
9880816103	aussitôt	immédiatement	85
9880816104	d'après	selon	86
9880816105	en fait	en réalité	87
9880816106	cela a l'air d'être	apparaître que	88
9880816107	en gros	en sommaire	89
9880816108	fouilli	en désordre	90
9880816109	une chute	une dimunition de valeur	91
9880816110	songer	penser profondement	92
9880816111	une foule	une grande quantité de gens	93
9880816112	innombrable	ce qu'on ne peut pas compter	94
9880816113	recto-verso	des deux côtés d'une chose	95
9880816114	annihiler	détruire	96
9880816115	ébranler	faire trembler	97
9880816116	un porte-parole	la personne qui parle puliquement pour un mouvement	98
9880816117	un deuil	une affliction	99
9880816118	donner le feu vert	donner l'autorisation	100
9880816119	faire un tabac	avoir du succès	101
9880816120	avoir hâte	ne pas pouvoir attendre	102
9880816121	tellement	beaucoup	103
9880816122	cette idée me plaît	une réponse à une déclaration qu'on aime	104
9880816123	s'occuper de	se sentir concerné par quelque chose	105
9880816124	un locuteur	quelqu'un qui s'exprime (dans une langue spécifique)	106
9880816125	un complot	un plan secret, souvent malfaisant	107
9880816126	autant (que/de)	en même quantité	108
9880816127	une disparité	une grande inégalité entre deux	109
9880816128	dès	à partir de ce moment	110
9880816129	surpeuplé	trop de personnes	111
9880816130	austère	très sévère	112
9880816131	un séjour linguistique	un voyage pédagogique où on apprend une langue	113
9880816132	avoir le béguin	avoir un amour vif et passager avec quelqu'un	114
9880816133	aboutir	réussir	115
9880816134	tant	une si grande quantité	116
9880816135	mériter	être digne d'avoir	117
9880816136	ravi(e)	très content; en grande anticipation	118
9880816137	améliorer	rendre mieux	119
9880816138	selon/d'après	l'auteur d'une opinion qu'on va donner	120
9880816139	les inconvénients	les désavantages	121
9880816140	cependant/néanmoins	marque une opposition avec ce qu'on dit	122
9880816141	l'épanouissement	le bon développement d'une personnalité	123
9880816142	convenir	être approprié à	124
9880816143	mitiger	tempérer quelque chose	125
9880816144	caritatif	relatif à la charité/la générosité	126
9880816145	conscient	qui a une pleine et claire connaissance	127
9880816146	le marché du travail	où on cherche un travail	128
9880816147	advenir	arriver par hasard	129
9880816148	attirer	faire quelque chose se rapprocher	130
9880816149	la solidarité	un rapport d'interdépendence entre deux choses/personnes	131
9880816150	montrer	faire voir quelque chose à quelqu'un	132
9880816151	à cause de	en raison de	133
9880816152	sinon	autrement	134
9880816153	un époux/une épouse (la famille et la communauté)	un/e conjoint/e	135
9880816154	avoir des lettres (la vie contemporaine)	être bon à l'écriture et à la parole	136
9880816155	briguer (la quête de soi)	chercher pour avoir	137
9880816156	un bouc émissaire (la vie contemporaine)	quelqu'un qui est accusé de faire quelque chose qu'il n'avait pas fait pour qu'une autre personne ne soit pas punie	138
9880816157	être un mouton (la vie contemporaine)	être naïf	139
9880816158	décrocher (la vie contemporaine)	détacher, séparer	140
9880816159	avoir les jetons (la quête de soi)	avoir peur, être effrayé	141
9880816160	marrant (la famille et la communauté)	drôle, étrange	142
9880816161	sans l'ombre d'un doute (la vie contemporaine)	être absolument certain d'un fait	143
9880816162	viser (la quête de soi)	poursuivre un but	144
9880816163	voire (n'importe quel thème)	en fait	145
9880816164	oser (la quête de soi)	avoir le courage pour faire quelque chose	146
9880816165	souligner (n'importe quel thème)	identifier comme important	147
9880816166	avoir une nuite blanche (n'importe quel thème)	ne pas dormir pendant toute d'une nuit	148
9880816167	auparavant (n'importe quel thème)	pendant les jours précédents	149
9880816168	Anticancéreux (les sciences et la technologie)	ce qui guérit le cancer	150
9880816169	muet (la quête de soi)	pas prononcé, pas exprimé	151
9880816170	ça m'entend (la quête de soi)	je comprends, quelque chose a raison	152
9880816171	être comme un poisson dans l'eau (la quête de soi)	être content	153
9880816172	le sida (les défis mondiaux)	une maladie transmise sexuellement qui attaque le système immunitaire	154
9880816173	surnaturel (n'importe quel thème)	qui vient d'un autre monde	155
9880816174	le détritus (les défis mondiaux)	les déchets	156
9880816175	bout à bout (n'importe quel thème)	l'un après l'autre	157
9880816176	un frein (les défis mondiaux)	ce qui empêche ou arrête quelque chose	158
9880816177	une dimunition (les défis mondiaux)	une réduction d'une somme	159
9880816178	le déroulement (les défis mondiaux)	le développement d'une action	160
9880816179	affaibli (les défis mondiaux)	qui perd de la force	161
9880816180	il n'y a pas un chat (phrase idiomatique)	personne n'est là	162
9880816181	couramment (les défis mondiaux)	très courant ou populaire (adverbe)	163
9880816182	séropositif (les sciences et la technologie)	une personne qui est positif pour le virus VIH qui peut se développer au sida	164
9880816183	éco-rénover (les défis mondiaux)	transformer en amélioration de l'environnement	165
9880816184	avoir un coup de pinceau (les esthétiques)	être bon à l'art	166
9880816185	un titre de séjour (la vie contemporaine)	un titre pour vivre à un pays	167
9880816186	un éclarissement (n'importe quel thème)	une explication	168
9880816187	la réussite (la quête de soi)	un résultat favorable	169
9880816188	avoir honte (la quête de soi)	être humilié	170
9880816189	municipal (la vie contemporaine)	relatif à la ville	171
9880816190	une voie (la vie contemporaine)	un chemin de fer, utilisé par les trains	172
9880816191	l'urgence (la science et la technologie)	un état qui nécessite une réaction immédiate	173
9880816192	exigeante (la famille et la communauté)	qui demande beaucoup	174
9880816193	un abri (la vie contemporaine)	un endroit qui protège	175
9880816194	un sans-abri (la vie contemporaine)	quelqu'un qui n'a pas de maison	176
9880816195	démanteler (la vie contemporaine)	démolir, désorganiser	177
9880816196	une crèche (la famille et la communauté)	une école préscolaire	178
9880816197	l'unanimité (la vie contemporaine)	un accord de tous	179
9880816198	attester (la science et la technologie)	certifier, donner des preuves	180
9880816199	une usine (la science et la technologie)	un établissement industriel qui fait de la production	181
9880816200	aucun(e) (n'importe quel thème)	pas un seul	182
9880816201	résolu à faire (n'importe quel thème)	déterminé, décidé	183
9880816202	un chemin (la quête de soi)	une direction ou une rue	184
9880816203	un témoignage (les défis mondiaux)	une preuve qui vient de l'expérience	185
9880816204	façonner (l'esthétique)	modeler/créer quelque chose	186
9880816205	l'obscurantisme (les défis mondiaux)	un refus d'éduquer un peuple	187
9880816206	poignarder dans le dos (les défis mondiaux)	commettre un trahison	188
9880816207	conçu (l'esthétique)	pensé, développé	189
9880816208	la nature morte (l'esthétique)	une peinture de choses qui ne bougent pas	190
9880816209	aquarelle (l'esthétique)	la peinture de l'eau	191
9880816210	presomptueux (la quête de soi)	trop confidant en soi	192
9880816211	divertissant (n'importe quel thème)	distrayant	193
9880816212	éblouir (l'esthétique)	troubler la vue par un éclat très vif	194
9880816213	un bistouri (l'esthétique)	un outil de chirurgien	195
9880816214	sombre (l'esthétique)	manquant de lumière	196
9880816215	une association caritative (la famille et la communauté)	une organisation qui donne les choses aux pauvres	197
9880816216	un délit (les défis mondiaux)	une crime	198
9880816217	récidiviste (les défis mondiaux)	une personne qui commet à nouveau le même délit	199
9880816218	une décennie (la vie contemporaine)	une période de 10 ans	200
9880816219	dénaturer (l'esthétique)	déformer quelque chose	201
9880816220	envisager (n'importe quel thème)	considérer; voir	202
9880816221	être mal luné (n'importe quel thème)	être en mauvais humeur	203
9880816222	censurer (la vie contemporaine)	examiner avant la diffusion	204
9880816223	s'affranchir (de) (n'importe quel thème)	se libérer d'une contrainte	205
9880816224	antan (n'importe quel thème)	il y a longtemps	206
9880816225	la ligne de démarcation (la vie contemporaine)	une ligne qui sépare deux parties	207
9880816226	une embuscade (les défis mondiaux)	une attaque surprise	208
9880816227	d'outrance (n'importe quel thème)	trop, en excès	209
9880816228	quasiment (n'importe quel thème)	presque	210
9880816229	parmi (n'importe quel thème)	entre, au milieu	211
9880816230	la faiblesse (n'importe quel thème)	la manque de force	212
9880816231	se trouver (n'importe quel thème)	être situé	213
9880816232	affreux (l'esthétique)	horrible, très mal	214
9880816233	le bienfait (la famille et la communauté)	un acte de bonté à l'égard de quelqu'un	215
9880816234	éteindre (n'importe quel thème)	faire cesser de brûler, d'éclairer	216
9880816235	vouer (la famille et la communauté)	épprouver durablement	217
9880816236	éolienne (les défis mondiaux)	un système à ailes ou à pales tournantes qui crée l'énergie cinétique	218
9880816237	une réussite (n'importe quel thème)	un résultat favorable	219
9880816238	paraître (l'esthétique)	sembler	220
9880816239	témoigner (n'importe quel thème)	faire connaître par ses actes ou ses paroles un sentiment	221
9880816240	chercher sa voie (la quête de soi)	chercher une façon de vivre	222
9880816241	en bref (n'importe quel thème)	en résumé	223
9880816242	clignoter (n'importe quel thème)	allumer et éteindre alternativement; fermer et ouvrir les yeux	224
9880816243	aisément	facilement	225
9880816244	un sans-papier	un immigrant illégal	226
9880816245	rajeunir	faire plus jeune	227
9880816246	orageux	qui est troublé par la violence de passion; qui troublé par l'orage	228
9880816247	onduler	créer des vagues	229
9880816248	une ménace	une prévision de danger	230
9880816249	une perroque	des cheveux faux	231
9880816250	corporel	ce qui est lié au corps	232
9880816251	amener	faire venir quelque chos	233
9880816252	tomber dans le panneau	tomber dans une piège	234
9880816253	moribond	qui est sur le point de mourir	235
9880816254	la loyauté	la fidelité	236
9880816255	quant	en ce qui concerne	237
9880816256	un roman	un mi-long livre de fiction	238
9880816257	habile	qui agit avec compétence	239
9880816258	une frontière (les défis mondiaux)	la séparation entre deux états ou pays	240
9880816259	les actualités (les défis mondiaux)	les nouvelles; des faits récents, courants	241
9880816260	accro (à) (la science et la technologie)	dépendent d'une drogue	242
9880816261	avouer (la vie contemporaine)	confesser, admettre la vérité	243
9880816262	néfaste (la science et la technologie)	qui cause ou peut causer quelque dommage	244
9880816263	diriger (la quête de soi)	faire aller dans telle direction	245
9880816264	verrouiller (n'importe quel thème)	serrer; fermer pour empêcher l'accès	246
9880816265	un coup de foudre (les défis mondiaux)	l'éclair dans un orage	247
9880816266	un coup de foudre (la famille et la communauté)	un amour soudain contre lequel on ne peut pas lutter	248
9880816267	interrrompre (n'importe quel thème)	intervenir pour arrêter	249
9880816268	un rédacteur/une rédactrice (la science et la technologie)	personne qui rédige les articles d'un journal	250
9880816269	un roi fainéant (la famille et la communauté)	un roi qui n'a pas de pouvoir véritable	251
9880816270	discordant (n'importe quel thème)	ne pas être en d'accord	252
9880816271	pirater (la science et la technologie)	accéder ou copier illégalement	253
9880816272	moindre (n'importe quel thème)	plus petit, plus faible, inférieur	254
9880816273	éteindre (n'importe quel thème)	arrêter un éclairage	255
9880816274	abîmer (n'importe quel thème)	mettre quelque chose en mauvais état	256
9880816275	vorace (n'importe quel thème)	qui mange avec avidité	257
9880816276	maladroit (n'importe quel thème)	qui manque d'aisance, d'habileté	258
9880816277	supprimer (n'importe quel thème)	enlever	259
9880816278	maîtriser (n'importe quel thème)	dominer, se rendre maître	260
9880816279	un coup d'œuil (n'importe quel thème)	au premier regard	261
9880816280	lors de (n'importe quel thème)	dès, depuis	262
9880816281	indélébile (n'importe quel thème)	qui est impossible de faire disparaître	263
9880816282	se sentir bien dans sa peau (la famille et la communauté)	être confortable avec qui on est	264
9880816283	une secousse (la science et la technologie)	un tremblement	265
9880816284	endeuilé (la famille et la communauté)	ce qui est dans le deuil	266
9880816285	un constat (la science et la technologie)	le résultat de l'examen d'une évolution, d'une situation	267
9880816286	la volonté (n'importe quel thème)	de la manière qu'on veut	268
9880816287	démuni (les défis mondiaux)	pauvre, sans ressources	269
9880816288	soigner (la science et la technologie)	combattre une maladie	270
9880816289	dédier (n'importe quel thème)	attribuer de façon exclusive	271
9880816290	un appareil (la science et la technologie)	une machine	272
9880816291	un échec (les défis mondiaux)	un résultat négatif d'une entreprise	273
9880816292	d'autant (n'importe quel thème)	de la même façon	274
9880816293	plutôt (n'importe quel thème)	qui indique la préférence	275
9880816294	un affaiblissement (la science et la technologie)	une perte de force, d'intensité	276
9880816295	se faire rouler dans la farine (n'importe quel thème)	se tromper	277
9880816296	notamment (n'importe quel thème)	qui mérite d'être noté	278
9880816297	pourtant (n'importe quel thème)	cependant	279
9880816298	désormais (n'importe quel thème)	à partir du moment actuel; dorénavant	280
9880816299	numérique (la science et la technologie)	lié à la technologie; digital	281
9880816300	pédagogique (la famille et la communauté)	relatif à la manière d'enseigner	282
9880816301	un virage (la science et la technologie	un changement de direction	283
9880816302	les technologies sans fil (la science et la technologie)	technologie sans les cordes	284
9880816303	emprunter (n'importe quel thème)	être donné une chose qui appartient à quelqu'un d'autre	285
9880816304	une preuve (science et technologie)	un élément matériel qui prouve un fait	286
9880816305	incarner (n'importe quel thème)	personnifier	287
9880816306	en revanche (les défis mondiaux)	de l'autre côté	288
9880816307	fulgurant(e) (la science et technologie)	très rapide	289
9880816308	là-dessus (n'importe quel thème)	sur cet objet-là	290
9880816309	accrocher (la science et technologie)	retenir; arrêter; retarder	291
9880816310	une bête noire (la famille et la communauté)	une habitude qu'on déteste	292
9880816311	promouvoir (la science et technologie)	pousser en avant; faire avancer	293
9880816312	nier (les défis mondiaux)	rejeter; ne pas reconnaître	294
9880816313	se moquer (la famille et la communauté)	tourner en ridicule	295
9880816314	partisan(e) (la vie contemporaine)	personne qui est attachée, dévouée à quelqu'un, à une partie	296
9880816315	estudiantin(e) (la famille et la communauté)	qui est relatif à l'étudiant	297
9880816316	douloureux (l'esthétique)	qui cause une douleur; ce qui est pénible	298
9880816317	déboucher (n'importe quel thème)	ouvrir, dégager des impédiments	299
9880816318	provisoire (la vie contemporaine)	qui existe, qui se fait en attendant autre chose	300
9880816319	subir (n'importe quel thème)	être l'objet sur lequel s'exerce une action, ou un pouvoir qu'on n'a pas voulu	301
9880816320	réunir (la famille et la communauté)	rassembler	302
9880816321	un chouchou (la famille et la communauté)	un étudiant préféré du prof	303
9880816322	une convive (la famille et la communauté)	un invité	304
9880816323	laisser (la famille et la communauté)	ne pas intervenir, empêcher	305
9880816324	assez (de) (n'importe quel thème)	suffisamment (de)	306
9880816325	délaisser (la famille et la communauté)	abandonner, négliger	307
9880816326	d'habitude (la famille et la communauté)	une action qui se passe régulièrement	308
9880816327	accueillir (la famille et la communauté)	admettre au sein d'un groupe	309
9880816328	cultiver (les défis mondiaux)	faire pousser des plantes ou des végétales	310
9880816329	vide (les défis mondiaux)	sans aucune chose dedans	311
9880816330	une maladie (les défis mondiaux)	une dégradation de la santé	312
9880816331	culpabiliser (les défis mondiaux)	donner un sentiment de culpabilité ou faute à	313
9880816332	rabougrir [les plantes] (les défis mondiaux)	se développer incomplètement	314
9880816333	rajouter (n'importe quel thème)	donner plus d'informations	315
9880816334	autrui (la famille et la communauté)	les autres personnes	316
9880816335	un plancher (la famille et la communauté)	une séparation entre deux étages	317
9880816336	un chiffre (n'importe quel thème)	un caractère servant à écrire les numéros	318
9880816337	enclencher (n'importe quel thème)	commencer, se mettre en marche	319
9880816338	caritatif (la communauté)	qui a pour but de porter secours aux plus défavorisés	320
9880816339	convenir (n'importe quel thème)	être approprié/convenable à	321
9880816340	les volailles	les oiseaux pour manger	322
9880816341	un sondage	une interrogation des gens	323
9880816342	mitiger	améliorer; faire moins mauvaise une chose	324
9880816343	raccourci	faire abrégé ou plus petit	325
9880816344	un marché du travail	un endroit où on cherche un travail	326
9880816345	l'épanouissement	la manifestation d'un sentiment de bonheur	327
9880816346	malgré	en dépit de	328
9880816347	le bénévolat	situation d'une personne qui accomplit un travail gratuitement sans y être obligée	329
9880816348	un stage (le travail et les finances)	Un travail pour l'entraînement	330
9880816349	un réseau (le travail et les finances)	Une organisation d'éléments	331
9880816350	la plupart de (n'importe quel thème)	la plus grande part de	332
9880816351	des vieillards (la famille et la communauté)	des gens vieux	333
9880816352	remercier (n'importe quel thème)	donner de la gratitude	334
9880816353	se sembler (n'importe quel thème)	avoir l'apparence de	335
9880816354	malgré (n'importe quel thème)	en opposition de	336
9880816355	ainsi (n'importe quel thème)	de cette façon; comme ça	337
9880816356	incontournable (n'importe quel thème)	impossible à contourner	338
9880816357	pareille (n'importe quel thème)	identique	339
9880816370	Avoir du bol C'est pas d'bol!	Être très chanceux Ce n'est pas de chance ex: Il a eu du bol: le sujet de l'essai était facile!	340
9880816371	ça crève les yeux !	C'est évident!	341
9880816372	Mettre sa main au feu	Affirmer avec ferveur, être sûr(e) de ce que l'on avance ex: Je mets ma main au feu que le chômage sera difficile à résoudre rapidement	342
9880816373	Raconter des salades	Mentir, dire n'importe quoi, raconter des balivernes Ex: Mon ami m'a raconté des salades	343
9880816374	Avoir d'autres chats à fouetter	Avoir d'autres choses plus importantes à faire ex: J'ai d'autres chats à fouetter que de regarder cette vidéo	344
9880816375	Avoir du pain sur la planche	Avoir beaucoup de travail ex: Les élèves ont du pain sur la planche avec les examens AP	345
9880816376	Avoir la pêche/la frite	Être de bonne humeur, avoir la forme Ex: Madame a la pêche ce matin!	346
9880816377	Donner le feu vert	Donner l'autorisation Ex: Ils ont eu le feu vert pour ouvrir un nouveau restaurant	347
9880816378	Donner sa langue au chat	Renoncer à trouver une solution Ex: Je donne ma langue au chat	348
9880816379	Faire du ramdam	Faire beaucoup de bruit Ex: Le scandale a fait beaucoup de bruit aux infos.	349
9880816380	Faire un tabac	Avoir du succès Ex: Le iPhone 6 a fait un tabac!	350
9880816381	Être tiré à quatre épingles Être sur sont trente-et-un (31)	Être bien habillé Ex: Les Parisiennes sont toujours tirées à quatre épingles	351
9880816382	Avoir une faim de loup	Avoir très faim Ex: A midi, les élèves ont une faim de loup	352
9880816383	Être tiré par les cheveux	Une idée trop compliquée Ex: Son explication est tirée par les cheveux	353
9880816358	Être riche comme Crésus	Avoir beaucoup d'argent Ex: Il est riche comme Crésus	354
9880816359	à gogo	beaucoup Ex: Il a des chaussures à gogo!	355
9880816360	c'est (ce n'est pas) mon truc	ne pas vraiment aimer faire qq chose Ex: Ce n'est pas mon truc de faire du shopping	356
9880816361	en avoir marre (de)	en avoir assez Ex: J'en ai marre de me lever à 5h00!	357
9880816362	avoir hâte (de)	ne pas pouvoir attendre ex: J'ai hâte de partir en France J'ai hâte que nous partions en France	358
9880816363	avoir la côte	être populaire Ex: Stromae a la côte aux Etats-Unis!	359
9880816364	ça coûte les yeux de la tête	être très cher Ex: J'ai acheté le livre de Bio, ça m'a coûté les yeux de la tête!	360
9880816365	Tu me fais marcher!	Tu racontes des bêtises Ex: Je ne te crois pas! Stromae ne va pas venir en concert à ABQ. Tu me fais marcher, pas vrai?	361

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AP Flashcards

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6610315282	Social context	how someone reacts to something depending on their immediate social or physical environment.	0
6610316227	Situationism	theory that places emphasis on external and situational factors in personality and behavior.	1
6610317876	Dispositionism	belief that people's actions are conditioned by some internal factor, such as beliefs, values, personality traits, or abilities, rather than the situation they find themselves in	2
6610331266	Social role	the pattern behavior that is expected of a person who is on a particular social position.	3
6610339917	Script	series of behaviors, actions, and consequences that are expected in a particular situation or environment	4
6610341308	Norms of reciprocity	assumption that if someone does something for a person, that person should do something for the other in return	5
6610342575	Norm	unwritten but understood rules of a society or culture for the behaviors that are considered acceptable and expected	6
6610344306	Asch effect	A form of conformity in which a group majority influences individual judgments.	7
6610345286	Conformity	changing one's behavior to match those of other people or a group standard	8
6610346992	Reward theory of attraction	A social-learning view that says we like best those who give us maximum rewards at minimum cost	9
6610359332	Cognitive dissonance	sense of discomfort or distress that occurs when a person's behavior does not correspond to that person's attitude.	10
6610362156	Fundamental attribution error	the tendency to overestimate the influence of internal factors in determining the behavior of another person (the actor), to underestimate the situation and to overestimate the personal disposition.	11
6610364453	Self-serving bias	people's tendency to attribute positive outcomes to personal factors, but attribute negative outcomes to external factors	12
6610365058	Prejudice	negative attitude	13
6610365995	Social loafing	tendency for people in a group to put less effort into the task when the effort is pooled (when they are all supposed to work on the task) compared to when they are all responsible for their own contributions	14
6610368089	Groupthink-	When people place more importance on maintaining a group cohesiveness than on assessing the facts of the problem with which the groups is concerned	15
6610370105	door in the face technique	asking for a large commitment and being refused and then asking for a smaller commitment	16
6610374430	foot in the door technique	asking for a small commitment and, after gaining compliance,asking for a bigger commitment	17
6610378012	social facilitation	the tendency for the presence of other people to have a positive impact on the performance of an easy task	18
6610381160	central route processing	type of information processing that involves attending to the content of the message itself	19
6610383047	peripheral route processing	involves attending to factors not involved in the message, such as the appearance of the source of the message, the length of the message, and other noncontent factors	20
6610394514	Diffusion of respondsibility	occurring when a person fails to take responsibility for actions or for inactions because of the presence of other people who are seen to share the responsibility	21
6615138943	Discrimination	treating people differently because of prejudice toward the social group to which they belong	22
6615144896	Expectancy value theories	incentive theories that assume the actions of humans cannot be predicted or fully understood without understanding the beliefs, values, and the importance that a person attaches to those beliefs and values at given moment in time	23
6615162290	Group polarization	the strengthening of shared beliefs through discussion	24
6615182271	bystander effect	referring to the effect that the presence of other people has on the decision to help or not help, with help becoming less likely as the number of bystanders increases	25

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2 Ich bin neu hier Flashcards

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7959290646	Forum (das, Pl. Foren)	forum	0
7959290647	Gastschüler (der, Pl. Gastschüler)	exchange student	1
7959290648	geschmacklos	tasteless	2
7959290649	J-Pop (der (nur Sg.))	J-Pop, Japanese pop	3
7959290650	Karaoke (das (nur Sg.))	karaoke	4
7959290651	klassisch	classical	5
7959290652	Mode-Tussi (die, Pl. Mode-Tussis)	fashionista	6
7959290653	Popmusik (die (nur Sg.))	pop music	7
7959290654	schlank	slim	8
7959290655	Schuluniform (die, Pl. Schuluniformen)	school uniform	9
7959290656	Ausland (das (nur Sg.))	foreign country	10
7959290657	Austausch (der, Pl. Austausche)	exchange	11
7959290658	Infotag (der, Pl. Infotage)	information day, open house	12
7959290659	anders	different	13
7959290660	Ankunft (die (nur Sg.))	arrival	14
7959290661	blass	pale	15
7959290662	bleich	pale	16
7959290663	Blödmann (der, Pl. Blödmänner)	idiot	17
7959290664	Blog (der, Pl. Blogs)	blog	18
7959290665	Churro (der, Pl. Churros)	churro	19
7959290666	eben	here: just	20
7959290667	eifersüchtig	jealous	21
7959290668	eincremen	to put some cream on	22
7959290669	Einzelkind (das, Pl. Einzelkinder)	only child	23
7959290670	exotisch	exotic	24
7959290671	fettig	fatty	25
7959290672	Gastbruder (der, Pl. Gastbrüder)	host brother	26
7959290673	Gasteltern (die (nur Pl.))	host parents	27
7959290674	Gastmutter (die, Pl. Gastmütter)	host mother	28
7959290675	Gastvater (der, Pl. Gastväter)	host father	29
7959290676	Gebäck (das, Pl. Gebäcke)	pastry	30
7959290677	gleichzeitig	simultaneously	31
7959290678	Halbschwester (die, Pl. Halbschwestern)	half-sister	32
7959290679	Hitze (die (nur Sg.))	heat	33
7959290680	Innenstadt (die, Pl. Innenstädte)	downtown	34
7959290681	jedenfalls	anyway, nonetheless	35
7959290682	normal	normal	36
7959290683	Siesta (die, Pl. Siestas)	siesta, afternoon nap	37
7959290684	Sonnenmilch (die (nur Sg.))	sunscreen	38
7959290685	Streiterei (die, Pl. Streitereien)	quarrel, fight	39
7959290686	super-	very	40
7959290687	unbedingt	absolutely, at all costs	41
7959290688	undeutlich	unclear(ly)	42
7959290689	vergehen(*)	to pass by	43
7959290690	vermissen	to miss (so.)	44
7959290691	voll	very, totally	45
7959290692	wohl	here; indeed	46
7959290693	Zeile (die, Pl. Zeilen)	line (of text)	47
7959290694	Halbbruder (der, Pl. Halbbrüder)	half-brother	48
7959290695	wen	whom	49
7959290696	anbieten(*)	to offer	50
7959290697	dabeihaben(*)	to have (sth.) on you	51
7959290698	Geldkarte (die, Pl. Geldkarten)	cash card	52
7959290699	ändern	to change, to alter	53
7959290700	ausgeflippt	crazy, outlandish	54
7959290701	Schulkonzert (das, Pl. Schulkonzerte)	school concert	55
7959290702	anschauen	to look at	56
7959290703	Austauschjahr (das, Pl. Austauschjahre)	exchange year, study abroad year	57
7959290704	reisen	to travel	58
7959290705	Traumland (das, Pl. Traumländer)	dream country	59

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