| CourseNotes

AP US History Period 8 (1945-1980) Flashcards

7459093942	Lend Lease	Legislation proposed by FDR and adopted by congress, stating that the U.S could either sell or lease arms and other equipment to any country whose security was vital to America's interest -> military equipment to help Britain war effort was shipped from U.S	0
7459093943	Cash and Carry Policy	1939. Law passed by Congress which allowed a nation at war to purchase goods and arms in US as long as they paid cash and carried merchandise on their own ships. This benefited the Allies, because Britain was dominant naval power.	1
7459093944	Neutrality Act	4 laws passed in the late 1930s that were designed to keep the US out of international incidents. Originally designed to avoid American involvement in World War II by preventing loans to those countries taking part in the conflict; they were later modified in 1939 to allow aid to Great Britain and other Allied nations.	2
7459093945	Pearl Harbor	7:50-10:00 AM, December 7, 1941 - Surprise attack by the Japanese on the main U.S. Pacific Fleet harbored in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii destroyed 18 U.S. ships and 200 aircraft. American losses were 3000, Japanese losses less than 100. In response, the U.S. declared war on Japan and Germany, entering World War II.	3
7459093946	Midway	1942, An important battle in the Asian part of the war, the Americans sank 4 Japanese aircraft carriers	4
7459093947	Mobilization	Act of assembling and putting into readiness for war or other emergency: "mobilization of the troops"	5
7459093948	Victory Gardens	Backyard gardens; Americans were encouraged to grow their own vegetables to support the war effort	6
7459093949	Rationing	A system of allocating scarce goods and services using criteria other than price	7
7459093950	D-Day	(FDR) , June 6, 1944, 160,000 Allied troops landed along a 50-mile stretch of heavily-fortified French coastline to fight Nazi Germany on the beaches of Normandy, France. General Dwight D. Eisenhower called the operation a crusade in which "we will accept nothing less than full victory." More than 5,000 Ships and 13,000 aircraft supported the D-Day invasion, and by day's end on June 6, the Allies gained a foot- hold in Normandy.	8
7459093951	Battle of the Bulge	December, 1944-January, 1945 - After recapturing France, the Allied advance became stalled along the German border. In the winter of 1944, Germany staged a massive counterattack in Belgium and Luxembourg which pushed a 30 mile "bulge" into the Allied lines. The Allies stopped the German advance and threw them back across the Rhine with heavy losses.	9
7459093952	Manhattan Project	Code name for the U.S. effort during World War II to produce the atomic bomb. Much of the early research was done in New York City by refugee physicists in the United States.	10
7459093953	Hiroshima	City in Japan, the first to be destroyed by an atomic bomb, on August 6, 1945. The bombing hastened the end of World War II.	11
7459093954	Island Hopping	A military strategy used during World War II that involved selectively attacking specific enemy-held islands and bypassing others	12
7459093955	Iwo Jima	a bloody and prolonged operation on the island of Iwo Jima in which American marines landed and defeated Japanese defenders (February and March 1945)	13
7459093956	United Nations	An international organization whose stated aims are to facilitate co-operation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress and human rights issues. It was founded in 1945 at the signing of the United Nations Charter by 50 countries, replacing the League of Nations, founded in 1919.	14
7459093957	Yalta Conference	FDR, Churchill and Stalin met at Yalta. Russia agreed to declare war on Japan after the surrender of Germany and in return FDR and Churchill promised the USSR concession in Manchuria and the territories that it had lost in the Russo-Japanese War	15
7459093958	Potsdam Conference	July 26, 1945 - Allied leaders Truman, Stalin and Churchill met in Germany to set up zones of control and to inform the Japanese that if they refused to surrender at once, they would face total destruction.	16
7459093959	Rosie the Riveter	A propaganda character designed to increase production of female workers in the factories. It became a rallying symbol for women to do their part.	17
7459093960	Levittown	In 1947, William Levitt used mass production techniques to build inexpensive homes in surburban New York to help relieve the postwar housing shortage. Levittown became a symbol of the movement to the suburbs in the years after WWII.	18
7459093961	Iron Curtain	A political barrier that isolated the peoples of Eastern Europe after WWII, restricting their ability to travel outside the region	19
7459093962	Truman Doctrine	1947, President Truman's policy of providing economic and military aid to any country threatened by communism or totalitarian ideology, mainly helped Greece and Turkey	20
7459093963	Marshall Plan	A United States program of economic aid for the reconstruction of Europe (1948-1952)	21
7459093964	Berlin Blockade	The blockade was a Soviet attempt to starve out the allies in Berlin in order to gain supremacy. The blockade was a high point in the Cold War, and it led to the Berlin Airlift.	22
7459093965	Korean War	The conflict between Communist North Korea and Non-Communist South Korea. The United Nations (led by the United States) helped South Korea.	23
7459093966	McCarthyism	The term associated with Senator Joseph McCarthy who led the search for communists in America during the early 1950s through his leadership in the House Un-American Activities Committee.	24
7459093967	Brown v Board of Education, 1954	1954 - The Supreme Court overruled Plessy v. Ferguson, declared that racially segregated facilities are inherently unequal and ordered all public schools desegregated.	25
7459093968	Montgomery Bus Boycott	In 1955, after Rosa Parks was arrested for refusing to give up her seat on a city bus, Dr. Martin L. King led a boycott of city busses. After 11 months the Supreme Court ruled that segregation of public transportation was illegal.	26
7459093969	Interstate Highway Act	1956 law that authorized the spending of $32 billion to build 41,000 miles of highway	27
7459093970	Little Rock Arkansas	Incident where President Eisenhower sent federal troops to allow black students into the high school.	28
7459093971	Sputnik	First artificial Earth satellite, it was launched by Moscow in 1957 and sparked U.S. fears of Soviet dominance in technology and outer space. It led to the creation of NASA and the space race. Led the US to focus on Math & Science in American schools.	29
7459093972	Sit ins	Protests by black college students, 1960-1961, who took seats at "whites only" lunch counters and refused to leave until served; in 1960 over 50,000 participated in sit-ins across the South. Their success prompted the formation of the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee.	30
7459093973	NASA	The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is the United States government agency responsible for the civilian space program as well as aeronautics and aerospace research.	31
7459093974	Berlin Wall	A fortified wall surrounding West Berlin, Germany, built in 1961 to prevent East German citizens from traveling to the West. Its demolition in 1989 symbolized the end of the Cold War. This wall was both a deterrent to individuals trying to escape and a symbol of repression to the free world.	32
7459093975	Bay of Pigs	In April 1961, a group of Cuban exiles organized and supported by the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency landed on the southern coast of Cuba in an effort to overthrow Fidel Castro. When the invasion ended in disaster, President Kennedy took full responsibility for the failure.	33
7459093976	Freedom Rides	1961 event organized by CORE and SNCC in which an interracial group of civil rights activists tested southern states' compliance to the Supreme Court ban of segregation on interstate buses	34
7459093977	Cuban Missile Crisis	An international crisis in October 1962, the closest approach to nuclear war at any time between the U.S. and the USSR. When the U.S. discovered Soviet nuclear missiles on Cuba, President John F. Kennedy demanded their removal and announced a naval blockade of the island; the Soviet leader Khrushchev acceded to the U.S. demands a week later, on condition that US doesn't invade Cuba	35
7459093978	Rachel Carson	United States biologist remembered for her opposition to the use of pesticides that were hazardous to wildlife (1907-1964) in her book Silent Spring. Considered the birth of environmentalism	36
7459093979	March on Washington	Held in 1963 to show support for the Civil Rights Bill in Congress. Martin Luther King gave his famous "I have a dream..." speech. 250,000 people attended the rally	37
7459093980	JFK Assassinated	November 1963, President John F Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas, Texas.	38
7459093981	Civil Rights Act of 1964	1964; banned discrimination in public acomodations, prohibited discrimination in any federally assisted program, outlawed discrimination in most employment; enlarged federal powers to protect voting rights and to speed school desegregation; this and the voting rights act helped to give African-Americans equality on paper, and more federally-protected power so that social equality was a more realistic goal	39
7459093982	Voting Rights Act of 1965	1965; invalidated the use of any test or device to deny the vote and authorized federal examiners to register voters in states that had disenfranchised blacks; as more blacks became politically active and elected black representatives, it rboguth jobs, contracts, and facilities and services for the black community, encouraging greater social equality and decreasing the wealth and education gap	40
7459093983	Gulf of Tonkin Resolution	1964 Congressional resolution that authorized President Johnson to commit US troops to south vietnam and fight a war against north Vietnam	41
7459093984	Cesar Chavez	1927-1993. Farm worker, labor leader, and civil-rights activist who helped form the National Farm Workers Association, later the United Farm Workers.	42
7459093985	Malcolm X	1952; renamed himself X to signify the loss of his African heritage; converted to Nation of Islam in jail in the 50s, became Black Muslims' most dynamic street orator and recruiter; his beliefs were the basis of a lot of the Black Power movement built on seperationist and nationalist impulses to achieve true independence and equality. Assassinated in 1965 by the Nation of Islam.	43
7459093986	Stonewall Riot	In New York City, 1969 - Triggered activist protests among gays and lesbians - police raided gay bar - people fought back - became symbol of oppression of gays, began the gay pride movement	44
7459093987	Woodstock	A free music festival that attracted more than 400,000 young people to a farm in upstate New York in August 1969	45
7459093988	Earth Day	A holiday conceived of by environmental activist and Senator Gaylord Nelson to encourage support for and increase awareness of environmental concerns; first celebrated on March 22, 1970	46
7459093989	Kent State Massacre	Protests to the war that lead to National Guard being called in and shot students because they burned the ROTC building. Three students were killed, 1970.	47
7459093990	Nixon in China	February 21, 1972 - Nixon visited for a week to meet with Chairman Mao Tse-Tung for improved relations with China, Called "ping-pong diplomacy" because Nixon played ping pong with Mao during his visit. Nixon agreed to support China's admission to the United Nations.	48
7459093991	SALT I Treaty	A five-year agreement between the U.S. and the Soviet Union, sighned in 1972, that limited the nations' numbers of intercontinental ballistic missiles and submarine-launched missiles.	49
7459093992	Roe v Wade	Established national abortion guidelines; trimester guidelines; no state The 1973 Supreme Court decision holding that a state ban on all abortions was unconstitutional. The decision forbade state control over abortions during the first trimester of pregnancy, permitted states to limit abortions to protect the mother's health in the second trimester, and permitted states to protect the fetus during the third trimester.	50
7459093993	Watergate	1972; Nixon feared loss so he approved the Commission to Re-Elect the President to spy on and espionage the Democrats. A security gaurd foiled an attempt to bug the Democratic National Committe Headquarters, exposing the scandal. Seemingly contained, after the election Nixon was impeached and stepped down	51
7459093994	Jimmy Carter	(1977-1981), Created the Department of Energy and the Depatment of Education. He was criticized for his return of the Panama Canal Zone, and because of the Soviet war in Afghanistan, he enacted an embargo on grain shipments to USSR and boycotted the 1980 Olympics in Moscow and his last year in office was marked by the takeover of the American embassy in Iran, fuel shortages, and the Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan, which caused him to lose to Ronald Regan in the next election.	52
7459093995	Camp David Accords	(1978) were negotiated at the presidential retreat of Camp David by Egypt's Anwar Sadat and Israel Menachem Begin; they were brokered by U.S. President Jimmy Carter. They led to a peace treaty the next year that returned the Sinai Peninsula to Egypt, guaranteed Israeli access to the Red Sea and Suez Canal, and more-or-less normalized diplomatic and economic relations between the two countries. This isolated Egypt from the other Arab countries and led to Sadat's assassination in 1981.	53
7459093996	Iran Hostage Crisis	In November 1979, revolutionaries stormed the American embassy in Tehran and held 52 Americans hostage. The Carter administration tried unsuccessfully to negotiate for the hostages release. On January 20, 1981, the day Carter left office, Iran released the Americans, ending their 444 days in captivity.	54
7459093997	Salt II Treaty	This treaty was a controversial experiment of negotiations between Jimmy Carter and Leonid Brezhnev from 1977 to 1979 between the U.S. and the Soviet Union, which sought to curtail the manufacture of strategic nuclear weapons.	55

Powered by Quizlet.com

AP World History Strayer Chapter 3 Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images

7485740694	Alexander the Great	Alexander III of Macedonia, conqueror of the Persian Empire and part of northwestern India.	0
7485740695	Ashoka	The most famous ruler of the Mauryan empire; he converted to Buddhism and tried to rule peacefully and with tolerance.	1
7485740696	Athenian Democracy	A radical form of direct democracy in which much of the free male population of Athens had the franchise and officeholders were chosen by lot.	2
7485740697	Caesar Augustus	The great-nephew and adopted son of Julius Caesar who emerged as sole ruler of the Roman state at the end of an extended period of civil war.	3
7485740698	Greco Persian War	Two major Persian invasions of Greece, in which the Persians were defeated on both land and sea each time.	4
7485740699	Han Dynasty	Dynasty that ruled China, creating a durable state based on Shihuangdi's state-building acheivement.	5
7485740700	Hellenistic Era	The period in which Greek culture spread widely into Eurasia in the kingdoms ruled by Alexander's political successors.	6
7485740701	Mauryan Empire	A major empire founded by Chandragupta that encompassed most of India and unified the Indian subcontinent.	7
7485740702	Pax romana	The "Roman Peace," a term typically used to denote the stability and prosperity of the early Roman Empire.	8
7485740703	Persian Empire	A major empire that expanded from the Iranian plateau to incorporate the Middle East from Egypt to India.	9
7485740704	Qin Shihuangdi	First emperor from the Qin that forcibly reunited China and established a strong and repressive state.	10
7485740705	Trung Trac	The older of two sisters that lead the Vietnamese Revolution. She lived from 12 - 43 C.E and rather than being captured in war after her troops were badly defeated, legend says she committed suicide in honor of her family.	11
7485740706	Kushan Empire	An empire located in Northern India and Central Asia. They maintained the Silk Road and they were one of the first emerging territories from Bactria.	12
7485740707	Empire	States, political systems that exercise coercive power; often multi-national, aggressive, and often conquer, rule and extract resources from other states.	13
7485740708	Imperial State	A state that imposes its will on other states politically, economically and socially.	14

Powered by Quizlet.com

AP World History Chapter 21 Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images

4147056353	What was the effect of Germany's arrival as a new powerful player on the international scene?	It was disruptive to the established order.	0
4147056354	What was the popular attitude in Europe toward the prospect of war in the summer of 1914?	Widespread enthusiasm for war	1
4147056355	What impact did Europe's colonial empires have on the conduct of World War I?	The war drew in laborers and soldiers from the colonies.	2
4147056356	What term best describes the predominant style of warfare in World War I?	Trench warfare	3
4147056357	What was the reaction of many European intellectuals to the experience of World War I?	Profound disillusionment with European civilization	4
4147056358	Which of the following seriously weakened Wilson's idea of a League of Nations?	The failure of the U.S. Senate to ratify the League	5
4147056359	Which of the following was NOT a factor in causing the Great Depression?	Government interference in market economies	6
4147056360	The "Axis" nations were united by their opposition to what international movement?	Communism	7
4147056361	Benito Mussolini's fascist movement came to power promising an alternative to what?	Both democratic rule and communism	8
4147056362	What was meant by the term "corporate state," used to describe fascist Italy?	Business and labor were to be unified within the state.	9
4147056363	What myth arose in Germany in the 1920s to explain why Germany lost the First World War?	Socialists, Jews, and liberals in Germany had betrayed the nation.	10
4147056364	How did Adolf Hitler and the Nazis view modern urban life?	As a Jewish conspiracy to corrupt traditional German values	11
4147056365	Which Enlightenment values did the Nazis draw upon in their ideology?	Science and human perfectibility	12
4147056366	How did Japanese nationalists differentiate Japanese society from Western society?	They believed that the Japanese were more loyal to their ruler than westerners were to their own rulers.	13
4147056367	In what way was nationalist Japan most similar to fascist Italy and Nazi Germany?	Aggressive ambition for conquest and empire building	14
4147056368	What was the real reason that the Japanese began invading French, British, Dutch, and American territories in Southeast Asia and the Pacific?	To gain control of Asia's resources and end Japan's dependence on the West	15
4147056369	Which of the following best describes the attitude of Japanese leaders toward their decision to bomb Pearl Harbor and thus start a war with the United States?	They were regretful, for they knew that they stood only a small chance against the mighty United States, though they saw no other way to maintain power in the Pacific.	16
4147056370	Which of the following events of the Second World War is NOT an example of the term "total war"?	The bombing of Pearl Harbor	17
4147056371	What impact did World War II ultimately have on communism?	It gave communism legitimacy in the Soviet Union and control over half of Europe and much of Asia.	18
4147056372	What happened to European economies after the United States began its Marshall Plan in 1948?	Europe saw massive economic growth and widespread prosperity.	19

Powered by Quizlet.com

AP World History Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images

7229120125	Nile River	0
7229120126	Niger River	1
7229120127	Amazon River	2
7229120128	Tiber River	3
7229120129	Ganges River	4
7229120130	Yellow River	5
7229120131	Yangtze River	6
7229120132	Indus River	7
7229120133	Tigris River	8
7229120134	Euphrates River	9

Powered by Quizlet.com

Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images

Powered by Quizlet.com

AP Spanish Expressions Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images

8069897779	dar a to face	to look out on	0
8069897780	dar con	to run into	1
8069897781	dar a conocer	to make known	2
8069897782	dar cuerda	to wind	3
8069897783	dar gritos	to shout, to scream	4
8069897784	dar la hora	to strike (the hour)	5
8069897785	dar las gracias	to thank	6
8069897786	dar recuerdos a	to give regards to	7
8069897787	dar un abrazo	to hug	8
8069897788	dar un paseo	to take a walk	9
8069897789	dar un paseo (una vuelta) en coche	to go for a ride	10
8069897790	dar una vuelta	to take a walk	11
8069897791	darse cuenta de (que)	to realize (that)	12
8069897792	darse la mano	to shake hands	13
8069897793	darse prisa	to hurry	14
8069897794	echar (una carta, una tarjeta, etc.)	to mail (a letter, a card, etc.)	15
8069897795	echar la culpa	to blame	16
8069897796	echar(se) a perder	to spoil, to ruin, to lose its good taste	17
8069897797	echarle de menos a alguien	to miss someone	18
8069897798	echarse a reír	to burst out laughing	19
8069897799	estar a punto de	to be about to	20
8069897800	estar al día	to be up to date (current)	21
8069897801	estar bien enterado	to be well-informed	22
8069897802	estar de acuerdo	to agree unanimously	23
8069897803	estar de buen (mal) humor	to be in a good (bad) mood	24
8069897804	estar de moda	to be in style (fashionable)	25
8069897805	estar de pie	to be standing	26
8069897806	estar de vuelta	to be back	27
8069897807	estar enamorado de	to be in love with	28
8069897808	estar harto de	to be fed up with	29
8069897809	estar muerto de hambre	to be starving	30
8069897810	estar muerto de cansancio	to be dead tired	31
8069897811	estar muerto de sueño	to be very sleepy	32
8069897812	estar para + infinitive	to be about to, to be at the point of	33
8069897813	(no) estar para bromas	to not be in the mood for jokes	34
8069897814	estar por	to be in favor of	35
8069897815	estar seguro	to be sure	36
8069897816	(no) hacer caso a (not)	to pay attention, (not) to listen to, to ignore	37
8069897817	hacer el papel de	to play the part (role) of	38
8069897818	hacer escala	to make a stop (i.e. plane)	39
8069897819	hacer hincapié	to emphasize	40
8069897820	hacer la cama	to make the bed	41
8069897821	hacer la maleta	to pack one's suitcase	42
8069897822	hacer pedazos	to smash, to tear into pieces	43
8069897823	hacer un viaje	to take a trip	44
8069897824	hacer una pregunta	to ask a question	45
8069897825	hacer una visita	to pay a visit	46
8069897826	hacerle daño a alguien	to hurt someone	47
8069897827	hacer(le) falta	to lack, to be in need of, to be lacking	48
8069897828	hacer(le) saber	to inform, to let someone know (something)	49
8069897829	aceptar	to accept	50
8069897830	permitir	to allow, starts with 'p'	51
8069897831	preguntar	to ask	52
8069897832	dejar	to allow, starts with 'd'	53
8069897833	creer	to believe	54
8069897834	prestar	to borrow	55
8069897835	romper	to break	56
8069897836	traer	to bring	57
8069897837	comprar	to buy	58
8069897838	poder	can/to be able	59
8069897839	cancelar	to cancel	60
8069897840	cambiar	to change	61
8069897841	limpiar	to clean	62
8069897842	peinar	to comb	63
8069897843	quejarse	to complain	64
8069897844	toser	to cough	65
8069897845	contar	to count	66
8069897846	cortar	to cut	67
8069897847	bailar	to dance	68
8069897848	dibujar	to draw	69
8069897849	beber	to drink	70
8069897850	conducir	to drive	71
8069897851	comer	to eat	72
8069897852	explicar	to explain	73
8069897853	caerse	to fall	74
8069897854	llenar	to fill	75
8069897855	encontrar	to find	76
8069897856	terminar	to finish	77
8069897857	caber	to fit	78
8069897858	reparar	to fix	79
8069897859	volar	to fly	80
8069897860	el/la inmigrante	Immigrant	81
8069897861	indocumentado	Person without papers	82
8069897862	Obrero	Working Class	83
8069897863	Cuidadanos	Citizens	84
8069897864	Defensores	Defenders	85
8069897865	Los abodgados	Lawyers	86
8069897866	el/la habitante	Inhabitant	87
8069897867	jurar por la bandera de EEUU	Swear an oath to the flag of the U.S.A	88
8069897868	inmigrar	To immigrate	89
8069897869	emigrar	To emigrate	90
8069897870	cruzar/atravesar	To cross	91
8069897871	deportar	To deport	92
8069897872	la paga mínima	Minimum Wage	93
8069897873	la ciudadanía	Citizenship	94
8069897874	documentos	Documents	95
8069897875	la tarjeta verde	Green Card	96
8069897876	la emigración	Migration	97
8069897877	el/la racista	Racist	98
8069897878	la economía	Economy	99
8069897879	la inmigración	Immigration	100
8069897880	Las leyes	Laws	101
8069897881	Criminalizar	To make something a crime	102
8069897882	Los derechos	Rights	103
8069897883	la ley migratoria	Migration Laws	104
8069897884	bruma	mist	105
8069897885	chaparrón	downpour	106
8069897886	remolino	whirlwind	107
8069897887	sequía	drought	108
8069897888	chubasco	rainstorm	109
8069897889	chorrear	to drip	110
8069897890	alba	dawn	111
8069897891	atardecer	dusk	112
8069897892	amanecer	dawn	113
8069897893	anochecer	nightfall	114
8069897894	crepúsculo	twilight	115
8069897895	madrugada	dawn	116
8069898039	tener buena estrella	to be lucky	117
8069898040	tener calor	to be warm	118
8069898041	tener frío	to be cold	119
8069898042	tener corazón de piedra	to be hard-hearted	120
8069898043	tener cuidado	to be careful	121
8069898044	tener dolor de cabeza	to have a headache	122
8069898045	tener en la punta de la lengua	to have on the tip of one's tongue	123
8069898046	tener éxito	to be successful	124
8069898047	tener ganas de	to feel like	125
8069898048	tener hambre	to be hungry	126
8069898049	tener sed	to be thirsty	127
8069898050	tener la culpa de	to be to blame for	128
8069898051	tener la palabra	to have the floor	129
8069898052	tener la razón de su parte	to be in the right	130
8069898053	tener líos	to have difficulties	131
8069898054	tener los nervios de punta	to have one's nerves on edge	132
8069898055	tener lugar	to take place	133
8069898056	tener madera para	to be cut out for, made for	134
8069898057	tener mala cara	to look bad	135
8069898058	tener miedo de	to be afraid of	136
8069898059	tener pájaros en la cabeza	to have bats in the belfry	137
8069898060	tener palabra	to keep one's word	138
8069898061	tener prisa	to be in a hurry	139
8069898062	tener que ver con	to have to do with	140
8069898063	tener razón	to be right	141
8069898064	tener sueño	to be sleepy	142
8069898065	tener suerte	to be lucky	143
8069898066	tener un disgusto	to have a falling out	144
8069898067	tener vergüenza de	to be ashamed of	145
8069898068	no tener arreglo	not to be able to be helped	146
8069898069	no tener donde caerse muerto	not to have a penny to one's name	147
8069898070	no tener nombre	to be unspeakable	148
8069898071	no tener pelo de tonto	to be nobody's fool	149
8069898072	no tener pelos en la lengua	to be very outspoken	150
8069898073	no tener pies ni cabeza	to not make any sense, have no rhyme or reason	151
8069897896	a pesar de	in spite of	152
8069897897	a través de los años	throughout the years	153
8069897898	actualmente	currently	154
8069897899	afirma que	states that	155
8069897900	afirmaciones	statements	156
8069897901	agradable	pleasing	157
8069897902	agradecer	to express thanks	158
8069897903	Al otro lado	On the other hand	159
8069897904	alcanzar una meta	to reach a goal	160
8069897905	alejado de	far away from	161
8069897906	apoyo	support	162
8069897907	aprovechar	to take advantage	163
8069897908	asegurar	to claim, to assure	164
8069897909	Atentamente,	Sincerely,	165
8069897910	aumentar	to increase/augment	166
8069897911	aunque	although	167
8069897912	becas	scholarships	168
8069897913	cifra	figure, number	169
8069897914	como usted sabe	as you (formal) know	170
8069897915	conseguir	to obtain	171
8069897916	contar con	to count on / have	172
8069897917	crecer	to grow	173
8069897918	cumplir con los objetivos	to meet the objectives	174
8069897919	dar un discurso	to give a speech	175
8069897920	datos	data, piece of information	176
8069897921	debe ser	should be	177
8069897922	dejar de funcionar	to stop working/functioning	178
8069897923	desarrollo	development	179
8069897924	despídete	say good-bye	180
8069897925	destacar	to stand out / to point-out	181
8069897926	desventaja	disadvantage	182
8069897927	disfrutar del baile	to enjoy the dance	183
8069897928	disminuir	to diminish/go down	184
8069897929	disponer de	to have (something) available	185
8069897930	durar	to last	186
8069897931	eficaz	effective	187
8069897932	El índice de	the index of	188
8069897933	el ingreso	income, revenue	189
8069897934	el numero promedio	the average number	190
8069897935	el presupuesto	budget	191
8069897936	el valor de	the value of	192
8069897937	elegir	to elect	193
8069897938	empeñarse en hacer	strive to make	194
8069897939	en realidad	actually	195
8069897940	enterarse de	to find out from	196
8069897941	equivocado	mistaken, wrong	197
8069897942	escasez de recursos	scarcity of resources	198
8069897943	Espero que se encuentre bien.	I hope that you find yourself well	199
8069897944	estadísticas	statistics	200
8069897945	Este artículo trata de	This article is about	201
8069897946	Estimado/estimada ___,	Esteemed...	202
8069897947	evitar	to avoid	203
8069897948	exigir	to demand	204
8069897949	expone	exhibits, displays	205
8069897950	fecha	date	206
8069897951	fijarse en	to focus on/pay attention to	207
8069897952	firmar	to sign	208
8069897953	fiscal	fiscal	209
8069897954	gráfico	chart	210
8069897955	hacer una propuesta	to make a proposal	211
8069897956	hallazgo	finding, discovery	212
8069897957	hay que	one must	213
8069897958	hemos acordado	we have agreed	214
8069897959	hipótesis	hypothesis	215
8069897960	ilustra	illustrates	216
8069897961	incentivar	to encourage	217
8069897962	incrementar	to increase	218
8069897963	invertir	to invest	219
8069897964	la actualidad	the present	220
8069897965	la ausencia	absence	221
8069897966	la falta de	the lack of	222
8069897967	la inversión	investment	223
8069897968	la medida presentada por la senadora	the bill presented by the senator	224
8069897969	la tabla	the table (of data)	225
8069897970	la tasa de	the rate of	226
8069897971	llevar a cabo	to carry out	227
8069897972	lograr el éxito	to achieve success	228
8069897973	los datos	data	229
8069897974	Para asegurarme de	to make sure of	230
8069897975	parecido	similar, like	231
8069897976	perdurar	to last	232
8069897977	permanecer estable	to remain stable	233
8069897978	pertenecer a	to pertain to	234
8069897979	prolongar hasta muy tarde	prolong until very late	235
8069897980	promedio	average	236
8069897981	promover	to promote	237
8069897982	proporcionar	to provide	238
8069897983	propósito	purpose	239
8069897984	propuesta	proposal	240
8069897985	Quisiera plantear una pregunta:	I would like to pose a question	241
8069897986	realizar	to fulfill, realize	242
8069897987	recalca	emphasizes, stresses	243
8069897988	recaudar fondos	to raise funds	244
8069897989	rechaza	rejects	245
8069897990	reemplazar	to replace, substitute	246
8069897991	refuta	refutes	247
8069897992	repartir	to divide	248
8069897993	resalta	highlights	249
8069897994	resumen	summary	250
8069897995	resumir	to summarize	251
8069897996	salúdala	greet her	252
8069897997	según	according to	253
8069897998	sin embargo	However, nevertheless	254
8069897999	solicitar	to request	255
8069898000	subraya	underlines	256
8069898001	suceder	to happen	257
8069898002	superar las expectativas	to exceed expectations	258
8069898003	tiene lugar	takes place	259
8069898004	una fuente	a source	260
8069898005	una media de	an average of	261
8069898006	ventaja	advantage	262
8069898007	aceptar	to accept	263
8069898008	permitir	to allow, starts with 'p'	264
8069898009	preguntar	to ask	265
8069898010	dejar	to allow, starts with 'd'	266
8069898011	creer	to believe	267
8069898012	prestar	to borrow	268
8069898013	romper	to break	269
8069898014	traer	to bring	270
8069898015	comprar	to buy	271
8069898016	poder	can/to be able	272
8069898017	cancelar	to cancel	273
8069898018	cambiar	to change	274
8069898019	limpiar	to clean	275
8069898020	peinar	to comb	276
8069898021	quejarse	to complain	277
8069898022	toser	to cough	278
8069898023	contar	to count	279
8069898024	cortar	to cut	280
8069898025	bailar	to dance	281
8069898026	dibujar	to draw	282
8069898027	beber	to drink	283
8069898028	conducir	to drive	284
8069898029	comer	to eat	285
8069898030	explicar	to explain	286
8069898031	caerse	to fall	287
8069898032	llenar	to fill	288
8069898033	encontrar	to find	289
8069898034	terminar	to finish	290
8069898035	caber	to fit	291
8069898036	reparar	to fix	292
8069898037	volar	to fly	293
8069898074	la vida cotidiana	everyday life	294
8069898075	la jornada	workday	295
8069898076	el sueldo	salary	296
8069898077	la rutina diaria	daily routine	297
8069898078	las compras	purchases	298
8069898079	los negocios	business	299
8069898080	las ciencias	sciences	300
8069898081	la medicina	medicine (profession)	301
8069898082	la educación	education	302
8069898083	el gobierno	government	303
8069898084	los sectores	sectors/industries	304
8069898085	el sector servicios	service industry	305
8069898086	la producción	production	306
8069898087	la informática	information technology	307
8069898088	la democracia	democracy	308
8069898089	el socialismo	socialism	309
8069898090	el comunismo	communism	310
8069898091	la dictadura	dictatorship	311
8069898092	el reino	kingdom	312
8069898093	la monarquía	monarchy	313
8069898094	las protestas	protests	314
8069898095	las manifestaciones	demonstrations	315
8069898096	el paro	unemployment	316
8069898097	la huelga	strike	317
8069898098	el entretenimiento	entertainment	318
8069898099	el ocio	leisure time	319
8069898100	el estadio	stadium	320
8069898101	los espectadores	spectators	321
8069898102	el público	crowd/public	322
8069898103	el fanático	fan	323
8069898104	aclamar	cheer	324
8069898105	¿por quién vas?	who are you for?	325
8069898106	voy con...	I'm for... / I cheer for...	326
8069898107	¿quién va?	who's winning?	327
8069898108	marcar	to score	328
8069898109	el marcador	the score	329
8069898110	el campeonato	championship	330
8069898111	la temporada	the season (sports)	331
8069898112	el torneo	tournament	332
8069898113	el cine	cinema	333
8069898114	el teatro	theater	334
8069898115	el actor	actor	335
8069898116	la actriz	actress	336
8069898117	el argumento	plot	337
8069898118	hacer el papel de	to play the part of	338
8069898119	el aplauso	applause	339
8069898120	aplaudir	to applaud	340

Powered by Quizlet.com

AP English Literature Terms Flashcards

Note: Sources of definitions are The Princeton Review (TPR) and Barron's AP study guides, and some other important terms--list graciously filched from Mr. Enns.

Terms : Hide Images

7217718477	abstract	an abbreviated synopsis of a longer work of scholarship or research	0
7217718478	adage	a saying/proverb containing a truth based on experience and often couched in metaphorical language	1
7217718479	allegory	a story in which the narrative/characters carry an underlying symbolic, metaphorical or possibly an ethical meaning	2
7217718480	alliteration	the repetition of one or more initial consonant in a group of words or lines of poetry or prose. writers use this for ornament or for emphasis	3
7217718481	allusion	a reference to a person, place, or event meant to create an effect or enhance the meaning of an idea	4
7217718482	ambiguity	a vagueness of meaning; a conscious lack of clarity meant to evoke multiple meanings and interpretation	5
7217718483	anachronism	a person, scene, event, or other element in literature that fails to correspond with the time/era in which the work is set	6
7217718484	analogy	a comparison that points out similarities between two dissimilar things	7
7217718485	annotation	a brief explanation,summary, or evaluation of a text or work of literature	8
7217718486	antagonist	a character or force in a work of literature that, by opposing the protagonist produces tension or conflict	9
7217718487	antithesis	a rhetorical opposition or contrast of ideas by means of a grammatical arrangement of words, clauses, or sentences	10
7217718488	aphorism	a short, pithy statement of a generally accepted truth or sentiment	11
7217718489	Apollonian	in contrast to Dionysian, it refers to the most noble, godlike qualities of human nature and behavior	12
7217718490	apostrophe	a locution that addresses a person/personified thing not present	13
7217718491	archetype	an abstract or ideal conception of a type; a perfectly typical example; an original model/form	14
7217718492	assonance	the repetition of two or more vowel sounds in a group of words or lines in poetry and prose	15
7217718493	ballad	a simple narrative verse that tells a story that is sung or recited; a long narrative poem, usually in very regular meter and rhyme, typically has a naive folksy quality	16
7217718494	bard	a poet, in olden times, a performer who told heroic stories to musical accompaniment	17
7217718495	bathos	the use of insincere or overdone sentimentality	18
7217718496	belle-lettres	the French term for the world of books, criticism, and literature in general	19
7217718497	bibliography	a list of works cited or otherwise relevant to a subject or other work	20
7217718498	Bildungsroman	a German word referring to a novel structured as a series of events that take place as the hero travels in quest of a goal	21
7217718499	blank verse	poetry written in iambic pentameter, the primary meter used in English poetry and the works of Shakespeare and Milton. its lines generally do not rhyme	22
7217718500	bombast	inflated, pretentious language used for trivial subjects	23
7217718501	burlesque	a work of literature meant to ridicule a subject; a grotesque imitation; a broad parody and exaggerates it into ridiculousness	24
7217718502	cacophony	grating, inharmonious sounds	25
7217718503	caesura	a pause somewhere in the middle of a verse, often (but not always marked by punctuation)	26
7217718504	canon	the works considered most important in national literature or period; works widely read and studied	27
7217718505	caricature	a grotesque likeness of striking qualities in persons and things; a portrait that exaggerates a facet of personality	28
7217718506	carpe diem	"seize the day"	29
7217718507	catharsis	a cleansing of the spirit brought about by the pity and terror of a dramatic tragedy	30
7217718508	classic	a highly regarded work of literature or other art form that has withstood the test of time, similar to canon	31
7217718509	classicism	deriving from the orderly qualities of ancient Greek and Roman culture; implies formality, objectivity, simplicity and restraint	32
7217718510	climax	the high point, or turning point, of a story/play	33
7217718511	novel	a tale in which a young protagonist experiences an introduction to adulthood. the character may develop understanding via disillusionment, education, doses of reality, or any other experiences that alter his/her emotional/intellectual maturity. e.g. Invisible Man	34
7217718512	conceit	a witty or ingenious thought; a diverting or highly fanciful idea, often stated in figurative language; a startling or unusual metaphor, or a metaphor developed and expanded upon several lines	35
7217718513	anticlimax	this occurs when an action produces far smaller results than one had been led to expect, it is frequently comic in effect	36
7217718514	antihero	a protagonist who is markedly unheroic: morally weak, cowardly, dishonest, or any number of other unsavory qualities	37
7217718515	aside	a speech (usually just a short comment) made by an actor to the audience, as though momentarily stepping outside of the action on stage	38
7217718516	aspect	a trait of characteristic, as in "an aspect of the dew drop"	39
7217718517	atmosphere	the emotional tone or background that surrounds a scene	40
7217718518	black humor	this is the use of disturbing themes in comedy. e.g. two tramps comically debating over which should commit suicide first, and whether the branches of a tree will support their weight	41
7217718519	cadence	the beat or rhythm of poetry in a general sense	42
7217718520	canto	is a divider in long poems, much like chapters in a novel	43
7217718521	coinage	a.k.a. neologism, inventing a word	44
7217718522	colloquialism	this is a word or phrase used in everyday conversational English that isn't a part of accepted "schoolbook" English	45
7217718523	controlling image	when an image dominates and shapes the entire work	46
7217718524	metaphysical conceit	a type of conceit that occurs only in metaphysical poetry	47
7217718525	connotation	the suggest or implied meaning of a word/phrase	48
7217718526	consonance	the repetition of two or more consonant sounds within a group of words or a line of poetry	49
7217718527	couplet	a pair of lines that end in rhyme	50
7217718528	heroic couplet	two rhyming lines in iambic pentameter are called this	51
7217718529	denotation	the literal, dictionary definition of a word	52
7217718530	denouement	the resolution that occurs at the end of a play or work or fiction	53
7217718531	deus ex machina	in literature, the use of an artificial device or gimmick to solve a problem	54
7217718532	Dionysian	as distinguished from Apollonian, the word refers to sensual, pleasure seeking impulses	55
7217718533	diction	the choice of words in oral and written discourse	56
7217718534	syntax	the ordering and structuring of the words in a sentence	57
7217718535	dirge	a song for the dead, its tone is typically slow, heavy, and melancholy	58
7217718536	dissonance	the grating of incompatible sounds	59
7217718537	doggerel	crude, simplistic verse, often in sing-song rhyme	60
7217718538	dramatic irony	when the audience knows something that the characters in the drama do not	61
7217718539	dramatic monologue	when a single speaker in literature says something to a silent audience	62
7217718540	elegy	a poem or prose selection that laments or meditates on the passing/death of something/someone of value	63
7217718541	elements	the basic techniques of each genre of literature. IN SHORT STORY: characters, irony, theme, symbol, plot, setting. IN POETRY: figurative language, symbol, imagery, rhythm, rhyme. IN DRAMA: conflict, characters, climax, conclusion, exposition, rising action, falling action, props. IN NONFICTION: argument, evidence, reason, appeals, fallacies, thesis.	64
7217718542	ellipsis	three periods (...) indicating the omission of words in a thought or quotation	65
7217718543	empathy	a feeling of association or identification with an object/person	66
7217718544	end stopped	a term that describes a line of poetry that ends with a natural pause often indicated by a mark of punctuation	67
7217718545	enjambment	the continuation of a syntactic unit from one line or couplet of a poem to the next with no pause	68
7217718546	epic	an extended narrative poem that tells of the adventures and exploits of a hero that is generally larger than life and is often considered a legendary figure	69
7217718547	mock epic	a parody form that deals with mundane events and ironically treats them as worthy of epic poetry	70
7217718548	epitaph	lines that commemorate the dead at their burial place. usually a line or handful of lines, often serious or religious, but sometimes witty and even irreverent	71
7217718549	epigram	a concise but ingenious, witty and thoughtful statement	72
7217718550	euphony	when sounds blend harmoniously; pleasing, harmonious sounds	73
7217718551	epithet	an adjective or phrase that expresses a striking quality of a person or thing	74
7217718552	eponymous	a term for the title character of a work of literature	75
7217718553	euphemism	a mild or less negative usage for a harsh or blunt term	76
7217718554	exegesis	a detailed analysis or interpretation of a work of literature	77
7217718555	expose	a piece of writing that reveals weaknesses, faults, frailties, or other short comings	78
7217718556	explicit	to say or write something directly and clearly	79
7217718557	explication	the interpretation/analysis of a text	80
7217718558	extended metaphor	a series of comparisons between two unlike objects that occur over a number of lines	81
7217718559	fable	a short tale often featuring nonhuman character that act as people whose actions enable the author to make observations or draw useful lessons about human behavior. i.e Orwell's "Animal Farm"	82
7217718560	falling action	the action in a play or story that occurs after the climax and that leads to the conclusion and often to the resolution of the conflict	83
7217718561	fantasy	a story containing unreal, imaginary features	84
7217718562	farce	a comedy that contains an extravagant and nonsensical disregard of seriousness, although it may have a serious, scornful purpose	85
7217718563	figurative language	in contrast to literal language, this implies meanings. It includes devices such as metaphors, similes, and personification, etc.	86
7217718564	foil	a secondary character whose purpose is to highlight the characteristics of a main character, usually by contrast	87
7217718565	first person narrative	a narrative told by a character involved in the story, using first-person pronouns such as "I" and "we"	88
7217718566	flashback	a return to an earlier time in a story or play in order to clarify present actions or circumstances i.e. Invisible Man	89
7217718567	foreshadowing	an event or statement in a narrative that suggests, in miniature, a larger event that comes later	90
7217718568	foot	the basic rhythmic unit of a line in poetry. it is formed by a combination of two or three syllables, either stressed or unstressed	91
7217718569	frame	a structure that provides premise or setting for a narrative	92
7217718570	free verse	a kind of poetry without rhymed lines, rhythm or fixed metrical feet	93
7217718571	genre	a term used to describe literary forms, such as novel, play, and essay	94
7217718572	Gothic novel	a novel in which supernatural horrors and an atmosphere of unknown terror pervades the action. i.e. "Frankenstein"	95
7217718573	harangue	a forceful sermon, lecture, or tirade	96
7217718574	hubris	the excessive pride/ambition that leads to the main character's downfall	97
7217718575	hyperbole	exaggeration/deliberate overstatement	98
7217718576	humanism	a belief that emphasizes faith and optimism in human potential and creativity	99
7217718577	implicit	to say or write something that suggests and implies but never says it directly or clearly	100
7217718578	in medias res	Latin for "in the midst of things"; a narrative that starts not at the beginning of events but at some other critical point	101
7217718579	idyll	a lyric poem or passage that describes a kind of ideal life or place	102
7217718580	image	a word or phrase representing that which can be seen, touched, tasted, smelled or felt	103
7217718581	inversion	switching customary order of elements in a sentence or phrase. when done badly it can give a stilted, artificial look-at-me-I'm-poetry feel to the verse. type of syntax	104
7217718582	irony	a mode of expression in which the intended meaning is the opposite of what is stated, often implying ridicule or light sarcasm	105
7217718583	invective	a direct verbal assault; a denunciation. i.e. Candide	106
7217718584	kenning	a device employed in Anglo-Saxon poetry in which the name of a thing is replaced by one of its functions/qualities, as in "ring-giver" for king and "wale-road" for ocean	107
7217718585	lament	a poem of sadness or grief over the death of a loved one or over some other intense loss	108
7217718586	lampoon	a satire	109
7217718587	light verse	a variety of poetry meant to entertain or amuse, butt sometimes with a satirical thrust	110
7217718588	loose sentence	a sentence that is complete before its end. follows customary word order of English sentences i.e. subject-verb-object	111
7217718589	periodic sentence	a sentence not grammatically complete until it has reached its final phrase; sentence that departs from the usual word order of English sentences by expressing its main thought only at the end	112
7217718590	lyric	personal, reflective poetry that reveals the speaker's thoughts and feelings about the subject; the word is used to describe tone, it refers to a sweet, emotional melodiousness	113
7217718591	melodrama	a form of cheesy theater in which the hero is very, very good, the villain mean and rotten, and the heroine oh-so-pure.	114
7217718592	litotes	a form of understatement in which the negative of the contrary is used to achieve emphasis or intensity	115
7217718593	maxim	a saying or proverb expressing common wisdom or truth	116
7217718594	metaphor	a figure of speech that compares unlike objects	117
7217718595	metaphysical poetry	the work of poets, particularly those of 17th c., that uses elaborate conceits, is highly intellectual, and expresses the complexities of love and life	118
7217718596	meter	the pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables found in poetry	119
7217718597	metonymy	a figure of speech that uses the name of one thing to represent something else with which it is associated. e.g. "The White House says..."	120
7217718598	mode	the general form, pattern, and manner of expression of a work of literature	121
7217718599	montage	a quick succession of images/impressions used to express an idea	122
7217718600	mood	the emotional tone in a work of literature	123
7217718601	nemesis	the protagonist's archenemy or supreme and persistent difficulty	124
7217718602	objectivity	this treatment of a subject matter is an impersonal/outside view of events	125
7217718603	subjectivity	this treatment of a subject matter uses the interior/personal view of a single observer and is typically colored with that observer's emotional responses	126
7217718604	onomatopoeia	words that sound like what they mean	127
7217718605	moral	a brief and often simplistic lesson that a reader may infer from a work of literature	128
7217718606	motif	a phrase, idea, event that through repetition serves to unify or convey a theme in a work of literature.	129
7217718607	muse	one of the ancient Greek goddesses presiding over the arts. the imaginary source of inspiration for an artist or writer	130
7217718608	myth	an imaginary story that has become accepted part of the cultural or religious tradition of a group/society. often used to explain natural phenomena.	131
7217718609	narrative	a form of verse or prose that tells a story	132
7217718610	naturalism	a term often used as a synonym for "realism"; also a view of experiences that is generally characterized as bleak and pessimistic	133
7217718611	non sequitur	a statement or idea that fails to follow logically from the one before	134
7217718612	novel of manners	a novel focusing on and describing the social customs and habits of a particular social group	135
7217718613	ode	a lyric poem usually marked by serious, respectful and exalted feelings toward the subject.	136
7217718614	omniscient narrator	a narrator with unlimited awareness, understanding, and insight of characters, setting, background, and all other elements of the story	137
7217718615	oxymoron	a phrase composed of opposites; a contradiction. juxtaposition of contradictory element to create a paradoxical effect	138
7217718616	opposition	one of the most useful concepts in analyzing literature. it means that you have a pair of elements that contrast sharply.	139
7217718617	ottava rima	an eight-line rhyming stanza of a poem	140
7217718618	parable	like a fable or an allegory, it's a story that instructs; a story consisting of events from which a moral or spiritual truth may be derived	141
7217718619	paradox	a statement that seems self-contradictory yet true	142
7217718620	parallelism	repeated syntactical similarities used for effect	143
7217718621	parody	an imitation of a work meant to ridicule its style and subject	144
7217718622	paraphrase	a version of a text put into simpler, everyday, words	145
7217718623	pastoral	a work of literature dealing with rural life	146
7217718624	pathetic fallacy	faulty reasoning that inappropriately ascribes human feelings to nature or nonhuman objects	147
7217718625	pathos	that element in literature that stimulates pity or sorrow	148
7217718626	pentameter	a verse with five poetic feet per line	149
7217718627	persona	the role/facade that a character assumes or depicts to a reader, viewer, or the world at large; the narrator in a non-first-person novel	150
7217718628	personification	giving an inanimate object human like qualities or form	151
7217718629	plot	the interrelationship among the events in a story, including exposition, rising action, climax, falling action and resolution	152
7217718630	picaresque novel	an episodic novel about a roguelike wanderer who lives off his wits. e.g. "Don Quixote", "Moll Flanders"	153
7217718631	plaint	a poem or speech expressing sorrow	154
7217718632	point of view	the perspective from which the action of a novel in presented.	155
7217718633	omniscient narrator	3rd person narrator who sees like God into each character's mind and understands all the action going on.	156
7217718634	limited omniscient narrator	3rd person narrator who generally reports only what one character (usually the main) sees, and who only reports the thoughts of that one privileged character.	157
7217718635	objective narrator	3rd person narr. who only reports on what would be visible to a camera, doesn't know what the character is thinking unless the character speaks of it.	158
7217718636	first person narrator	this is a narrator who is a character in the story and tells the tale from his/her POV. when the narrator is crazy, a liar, very young, or for some reason not entirely credible, the narrator is "unreliable"	159
7217718637	prosody	the grammar of meter and rhythm in poetry	160
7217718638	protagonist	the main character in a work of literature	161
7217718639	prelude	an introductory poem to a longer work of verse	162
7217718640	pun	the usually humorous use of a word in such a way to suggest two or more meanings	163
7217718641	pseudonym	also called "pen name", a false name or alias used by writers. i.e Mark Twain (Samuel Clemens) George Eliot (Mary Ann Evans) George Orwell (Eric Blair)	164
7217718642	quatrian	a four-line poem or a four-line unit of a longer poem	165
7217718643	refrain	a line or set of lines repeated several times over the course of a poem	166
7217718644	requiem	a song of prayer for the dead	167
7217718645	realism	the depiction of people, things, and events as they really are without idealization or exaggeration for effect	168
7217718646	rhetoric	the language of a work and its style; words, often highly emotional, used to convince or sway an audience	169
7217718647	rhetorical question	a question that suggests an answer. in theory, the effect is that it causes the listener to feel they have come up with the answer themselves	170
7217718648	rhapsody	an intensely passionate verse or section of verse, usually of love or praise	171
7217718649	rhyme	the repetition of similar sounds at regular intervals, used mostly in poetry	172
7217718650	rhyme scheme	the patterns of rhymes within a given poem i.e. abba	173
7217718651	rhythm	the pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables that make up a line of poetry. similar to meter	174
7217718652	romance	an extended narrative about improbable events and extraordinary people in exotic places	175
7217718653	sarcasm	a sharp, caustic expression or remark; a bitter jibe or taunt	176
7217718654	satire	a literary style used to poke fun at, attack or ridicule an idea, vice, or foible, often for the purpose of inducing change. great subjects for this include hypocrisy, vanity and greed, especially if those characteristics have become institutionalized in society	177
7217718655	simile	figurative comparison using the words "like" or "as"	178
7217718656	setting	the total environment for the action in a novel/play. it includes time, place, historical milieu, and social, political and even spiritual circumstances	179
7217718657	sentimental	a term that describes characters' excessive emotional response to experience; also nauseatingly nostalgic and mawkish	180
7217718658	sentiment	a synonym for "view" or "feeling"; also refined and tender emotion in literature	181
7217718659	scansion	the act of determining the meter of a poetic line.	182
7217718660	sonnet	a popular form of verse consisting of fourteen lines and a prescribed rhyme scheme. two types: Shakespearean and Petrarchan	183
7217718661	soliloquy	a speech spoken by a character alone on stage. meant to convey the impression that the audience is listening to the character's THOUGHTS. unlike an aside, it is not meant to imply that the actor acknowledges the audience's presence	184
7217718662	stanza	a group of lines in verse, roughly analogous in function to the paragraph in prose; a group of two or more lines in poetry combined according to subject matter, rhyme, or some other plan	185
7217718663	stream of consciousness	a style of writing in which the author tries to reproduce the random flow of thoughts in the human mind, e.g. Ernest Hemingway	186
7217718664	stock characters	standard or cliched character types: the drunk, the miser, the foolish girl, etc.	187
7217718665	suggest	to imply, infer indicate. goes along with the concept of implicit	188
7217718666	style	the manner in which an author uses and arranges words, shapes ideas, forms sentences and creates a structure to convey ideas	189
7217718667	subplot	a subordinate or minor collection of events in a novel or play, usually connected to the main plot	190
7217718668	subtext	the implied meaning that underlies the main meaning of a work of literature	191
7217718669	summary	a simple retelling of what you've just read. what you DON'T want to do in the Open Essay section :)	192
7217718670	symbolism	a device in literature where an object represents an idea	193
7217718671	synecdoche	a figure of speech in which a part signifies the whole or the whole signifies the part	194
7217718672	theme	the main idea or meaning, often an abstract idea upon which a work of literature is built	195
7217718673	thesis	the main position of an argument. the central contention that will be supported	196
7217718674	tone	the author's attitude toward the subject being written about. it's the characteristic emotion that pervades a work or part of a work	197
7217718675	tragic flaw	in a tragedy, this is the weakness of a character in an otherwise good individual that ultimately leads to his demise	198
7217718676	tragedy	a form of literature in which the hero is destroyed by some character flaw and a set of forces that cause the hero considerable anguish, or even death	199
7217718677	travesty	a grotesque parody	200
7217718678	truism	a way-too-obvious truth	201
7217718679	utopia	an idealized place. imaginary communities in which people are able to live in happiness, prosperity and peace. Sir Thomas More came up with this idea.	202
7217718680	verbal irony	a discrepancy between the true meaning of a situation and the literal meaning of the written or spoken words	203
7217718681	verse	a synonym for poetry. also a group of lines in a song or poem; also a single line of poetry	204
7217718682	verisimilitude	similar to the truth; the quality of realism in a work that persuades readers that they are getting a vision of life as it is	205
7217718683	versification	the structural form of a line of verse as revealed by the number of feet it contains. i.e. monometer = 1 foot; tetrameter = 4 feet; pentameter = 5 feet, etc.	206
7217718684	villanelle	a French verse form calculated to appear simple and spontaneous but consisting of 19 lines and a prescribed pattern of rhymes	207
7217718685	voice	the real or assumed personality used by a writer or speaker. a verb is in the active voice when it expresses an action performed by its subject. a verb is in the passive voice when it expresses an action performed upon its subject or when the subject is the result of the action. Active: The crew raked the leaves. Passive: The leaves were raked by the crew.	208
7217718686	wit	the quickness of intellect and the power and talent for saying brilliant things that surprise and delight by their unexpectedness; the power to comment subtly and pointedly on the foibles of the passing scene	209
7217718687	zeugma	the use of a word to modify two or more words, but used for different meanings. "He close the door and his heart on his lost love."	210
7217718688	anastrophe	inversion of the natural or usual word order	211
7217718689	parenthesis	insertion of some verbal unit in a position that interrupts the normal syntactical flow of the sentence	212
7217718690	apposition	placing side by side two coordinate elements, the second of which serves as an explanation or modification of the first. "The mountain was the earth, her home."	213
7217718691	ellipsis	deliberate omission of a word or words which are readily implied by context	214
7217718692	asyndeton	deliberate omission of conjunctions between a series of related clauses. used to produce a hurried rhythm in the sentence.	215
7217718693	polysyndeton	the deliberate use of many conjunctions. its effect is to slow down the rhythm of the sentence	216
7217718694	anaphora	repetition of the same words or group of words at the beginning of successive clauses. e.g. "I have a dream..."	217
7217718695	epistrophe	repetition of the same word or group of words at the ends of successive clauses "When we first came we were very many and you were very few. Now you are many and we are getting very few."	218
7217718696	epanalepsis	repetition at the end of a clause of the word that occurred at the beginning of the clause. "Blood hat bought blood, and blows have answer'd blows"	219
7217718697	anadiplosis	repetition of the last word of one clause at the beginning of the following clause. "The crime was common, common be the pain."	220
7217718698	climax	the arrangement of words, phrases, or clauses in an order of importance	221
7217718699	antimetabole	repetition of words, in successive clauses, in reverse grammatical order. "Ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country."	222
7217718700	chiasmus	reversal of grammatical structures in successive phrases or clauses. "Exalts his enemies, his friends destroys."	223
7217718701	polyptoton	repetition of words derived from the same root. "But in this desert country they may see the land being rendered USELESS by OVERUSE."	224
7217718702	antanaclasis	repetition of a word in two different senses. "Your argument is sound, nothing but sound."	225
7217718703	paronomasia	use of words alike in sound but different in meaning. "ask for me tomorrow and you will find me a GRAVE man."	226
7217718704	syllepsis	the use of a word understood differently in relation to two or more other words, which it modifies/governs. "The ink, like our pig, keeps running out of the pen."	227
7217718705	anthimeria	the substitution of one part of speech for another "I'll UNHAIR they head."	228
7217718706	periphrasis	substitution of a descriptive word or phrase for a proper name or of a proper name for a quality associated with the name. "They do not escape JIM CROW; they merely encounter another, not less deadly variety."	229
7217718707	autobiography	an account of a person's own life	230
7217718708	dialect	a way of speaking that is characteristic of a particular region/group of people	231
7217718709	epiphany	in a literary work, a moment of sudden insight/revelation that a character experiences	232
7217718710	essay	a short piece of non-fiction prose that examines a single subject from a limited POV	233
7217718711	suspense	the uncertainty/anxiety we feel about what is going to happen next in a story	234

Powered by Quizlet.com

AP Language Summer Terms Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images

7162961162	allegory	a story, poem, or picture that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning, typically a moral or political one(symbol)	0
7162962511	alliteration	the occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of adjacent or closely connected words	1
7162963756	allusion	an expression designed to call something to mind without mentioning it explicitly; an indirect or passing reference	2
7162965019	anaphora	the use of a word referring to or replacing a word used earlier in a sentence, to avoid repetition, such as do in I like it and so do they	3
7162975815	antithesis	a person or thing that is the direct opposite of someone or something else	4
7162978069	aphorism	a pithy observation that contains a general truth, such as, "if it ain't broke, don't fix it."	5
7162982111	apostrophe	a punctuation mark ( ' ) used to indicate either possession (e.g., Harry's book ; boys' coats ) or the omission of letters or numbers (e.g., can't ; he's ; class of '99 )	6
7162983221	assonance	in poetry, the repetition of the sound of a vowel or diphthong in nonrhyming stressed syllables near enough to each other for the echo to be discernible (e.g., penitence, reticence ).	7
7162987785	asyndeton	the omission or absence of a conjunction between parts of a sentence	8
7162988857	attitude	a settled way of thinking or feeling about someone or something, typically one that is reflected in a person's behavior	9
7162990072	begging the question	when someone attempts to prove a proposition based on a premise that itself requires proof	10
7162997565	canon	a general law, rule, principle, or criterion by which something is judged a collection or list of sacred books accepted as genuine	11
7163001897	chiasmus	a rhetorical or literary figure in which words, grammatical constructions, or concepts are repeated in reverse order, in the same or a modified form	12
7163003512	claim	an assertion of the truth of something, typically one that is disputed or in doubt	13
7163005428	colloquial	used in ordinary or familiar conversation; not formal or literary	14
7163006877	compare and contrast	analyze the differences and/or the similarities of two distinct subjects	15
7163014084	conceit	a fanciful expression in writing or speech; an elaborate metaphor	16
7163014831	connotation	an idea or feeling that a word invokes in addition to its literal or primary meaning	17
7163016217	consonance	the recurrence of similar sounds, especially consonants, in close proximity	18
7163016959	convention	a way in which something is usually done, especially within a particular area or activity	19
7163024305	critique	a detailed analysis and assessment of something, especially a literary, philosophical, or political theory	20
7163030223	deductive reasoning	a logical process in which a conclusion is based on the concordance of multiple premises that are generally assumed to be true	21
7163030936	dialect	a particular form of a language that is peculiar to a specific region or social group	22
7163032643	diction	the choice and use of words and phrases in speech or writing	23
7163033622	didactic	intended to teach, particularly in having moral instruction as an ulterior motive	24
7163036467	elegy	a poem of serious reflection, typically a lament for the dead	25
7163038024	epistrophe	the repetition of a word at the end of successive clauses or sentences	26
7163040377	epitaph	a phrase or statement written in memory of a person who has died, especially as an inscription on a tombstone	27
7163043229	ethos	the characteristic spirit of a culture, era, or community as manifested in its beliefs and aspirations	28
7163045186	eulogy	a speech or piece of writing that praises someone or something highly, typically someone who has just died	29
7163046653	euphemism	a mild or indirect word or expression substituted for one considered to be too harsh or blunt when referring to something unpleasant or embarrassing	30
7163048731	exposition	a comprehensive description and explanation of an idea or theory	31
7163051400	extended metaphor	an author exploits a single metaphor or analogy at length through multiple linked, tenors, and grounds throughout a poem or story	32
7163052714	figurative language	language that uses words or expressions with a meaning that is different from the literal interpretation	33
7163057133	flashback	a scene in a movie, novel, etc., set in a time earlier than the main story	34
7163069577	genre	a category of artistic composition, as in music or literature, characterized by similarities in form, style, or subject matter	35
7163078013	homily	a religious discourse that is intended primarily for spiritual edification rather than doctrinal instruction; a sermon	36
7163078977	hyperbole	exaggeration	37
7163080863	imagery	visually descriptive or figurative language, especially in a literary work	38
7163082342	inductive reasoning	a logical process in which multiple premises, all believed true or found true most of the time, are combined to obtain a specific conclusion	39
7163083694	inference	a conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and reasoning	40
7163085188	irony	the expression of one's meaning by using language that normally signifies the opposite, typically for humorous or emphatic effect	41
7163088139	isocolon	a rhetorical device that involves a succession of sentences, phrases and clauses of grammatically equal length	42
7163088871	jargon	special words or expressions that are used by a particular profession or group and are difficult for others to understand	43
7163090742	juxtaposition	the fact of two things being seen or placed close together with contrasting effect	44
7163095895	litote	an understatement by using double negatives or, in other words, positive statement is expressed by negating its opposite expressions	45
7163098657	loose sentence	a type of sentence in which the main idea (independent clause) is elaborated by the successive addition of modifying clauses or phrases	46
7163101462	metaphor	a figure of speech in which a word or phrase is applied to an object or action to which it is not literally applicable	47
7163102448	metonymy	the substitution of the name of an attribute or adjunct for that of the thing meant, for example suit for business executive, or the track for horse racing	48
7163104345	mode of discourse	describe the variety, conventions, and purposes of the major kinds of language-based communication, particularly writing and speaking	49
7163108751	mood	a temporary state of mind or feeling	50
7163109692	narrative	a spoken or written account of connected events; a story	51
7163115165	onomatopoeia	the formation of a word from a sound associated with what is named	52
7163117037	oxymoron	a figure of speech in which apparently contradictory terms appear in conjunction	53
7163117954	paradox	a seemingly absurd or self-contradictory statement or proposition that when investigated or explained may prove to be well founded or true	54
7163128465	parallel structure	the repetition of a chosen grammatical form within a sentence	55
7163129291	pathos	an appeal to emotion	56
7163135458	periodic sentence	the main clause or predicate at the end	57
7163137824	personification	the attribution of a personal nature or human characteristics to something nonhuman, or the representation of an abstract quality in human form	58
7163139880	point of view	the narrator's position in relation to the story being told	59
7163192645	prose	written or spoken language in its ordinary form, without metrical structure	60
7163194084	realism	the attitude or practice of accepting a situation as it is and being prepared to deal with it accordingly	61
7163195664	rebuttal	a refutation or contradiction	62
7163196961	rhetoric	the art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing, especially the use of figures of speech and other compositional techniques	63
7163200213	rhetorical question	a question asked in order to create a dramatic effect or to make a point rather than to get an answer	64
7163201840	sarcasm	the use of irony to mock or convey contempt	65
7163203154	satire	the use of humor, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule to expose and criticize people's stupidity or vices, particularly in the context of contemporary politics and other topical issues	66
7163205887	simile	a figure of speech involving the comparison of one thing with another thing of a different kind, used to make a description more emphatic or vivid	67
7163207961	style	the choice of words used by a specific group of people when they speak	68
7163212971	symbolism	a mark, sign, or word that indicates, signifies, or is understood as representing an idea, object, or relationship	69
7163214686	synecdoche	a figure of speech in which a term for a part of something refers to the whole of something or vice versa	70
7163216155	syntax	the arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language	71
7163216666	theme	the subject of a talk, a piece of writing, a person's thoughts, or an exhibition; a topic	72
7163217878	tone	the general character or attitude of a place, piece of writing, situation, etc	73
7163219212	voice	the individual writing style of an author, a combination of idiotypical usage of syntax, diction, punctuation, character development, dialogue, etc., within a given body of text (or across several works)	74
7163226561	zeugma	a figure of speech in which a word applies to two others in different senses (e.g., John and his license expired last week ) or to two others of which it semantically suits only one (e.g., with weeping eyes and hearts )	75

Powered by Quizlet.com

AP Literature Literary Terms Flashcards

2017 summer assignment
(1st 30 words: 1-30)

Terms : Hide Images

7107285492	Allegory	a narrative either in verse or prose, in which characters, action, and sometimes setting represent abstract concepts apart from the literal meaning of the story. (ex. Everyman)	0
7107285493	Alliteration	Repetition of consonant sounds	1
7107285494	Allusion	a brief reference to a person, event, or place in history, or to a work of art/ literature.	2
7107285495	Analogy	a comparison made between two items, situations, or ideas that are somewhat alike but unlike in most respects	3
7107297361	Anaphora	figure of repetition that occurs when the first word or set of words in one sentence, clause, or phrase is/are repeated at or very near the beginning of successive sentences, clauses or phrases	4
7107299264	Antagonist	a character in a story or play who opposes the chief character or protagonist	5
7107301590	Apostrophe	a figure of speech in which a speaker directly addresses an absent person or a personified quality, object, or idea	6
7107302675	Archetype	a character in a story or play who opposes the chief character or protagonist	7
7107305314	Aside	in drama, a few words or a short passage spoken by one character to the audience while the other actors on stage pretend their characters cannot hear the speaker's words	8
7107306746	Assonance	the repetition of similar vowel sounds followed by different consonant sounds in stressed syllables or words	9
7107308581	Asyndeton	the omission of conjunctions from constructions in which they would normally be used	10
7107309565	Atmosphere (mood)	the mood/feeling of the literary work created for the reader by the writer	11
7107310213	Ballad	a narrative poem that usually includes a repeated refrain	12
7107310920	Blank Verse	unrhymed iambic pentameter, a line of five feet	13
7107311963	Cacophony	the use of words in poetry that combine sharp, harsh, hissing, or unmelodious sounds	14
7107935544	Caesura	A natural pause or break in a line of poetry, usually near the middle of the line.	15
7107935545	Carpe Diem	Latin for "seize the day," the name applied to a theme frequently found in lyric poetry: enjoy life's pleasures while you are able	16
7107935546	Catharsis	purification or purging of emotions (pity or fear)	17
7107951297	Character	An imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (described as round/flat, protagonist/antagonist, etc.)	18
7107951298	Characterization	the method an author uses to acquaint the reader with his or her characters	19
7107951299	Chiasmus	A scheme in which the author introduces words or concepts in a particular order then later repeats those terms or similar ones in reverse or backwards order. It involves taking parellelism and deliberately turning it inside out, creating a "crisscross" pattern	20
7107951300	Cliché	an expression or phrase that is over-used as to become trite and meaningless	21
7107951301	Climax	as a term of dramatic structure, the decisive or turning point in a story or play when the action changes course and, as a result, begins to resolve itself	22
7107951302	Conceit	elaborate figure of speech combining possible metaphor, simile, hyperbole, or oxymoron.	23
7114184548	Conflict	the struggle between two opposing forces (man v. man, man v. nature, man v. self, man v. society).	24
7107951303	Connotation	the emotional associations surrounding a word, as opposed to its literal meaning or denotation	25
7107951304	Couplet	a pair of rhyming lines with identical meter	26
7107951305	Denotation	the strict, literal meaning of a word	27
7107951306	Denouement	the resolution of the plot	28
7107951307	Dialogue	the conversation between two or more people in literary work	29

Powered by Quizlet.com

AP Language Terms Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images

7043512060	Alliteration	The repitition of the same sound or letter at the beginning of consecutive words or syllables	0
7043512061	Allusion	An indirect reference, often to another text or historic event	1
7043512062	Analogy	An extended comparison between two seemingly dissimilar things	2
7043512063	Anaphora	The repetition of words at the beginning of successive clauses	3
7043512064	Anecdote	A short account of an interesting event	4
7043512065	Annotation	Explanatory or critical notes added to a text	5
7043512066	Antecedent	The noun to which a later pronoun refers	6
7043512067	Antimetabole	The repetition of words in an inverted order to sharpen a contrast	7
7043512068	Antithesis	Parallel structure that juxtaposes contrasting ideas	8
7043512069	Aphorism	A short, astute statement of a general truth	9
7043512070	Appositive	A word or phrase that renames a nearby noun or pronoun	10
7043512071	Archaic Diction	The use of words common to an earlier time period; antiquated language	11
7043512072	Argument	A statement put forth and supported by evidence	12
7043512073	Aristotelian Triangle	A diagram that represents a rhetorical situation as the relationship among the speaker, the subject, and the audience	13
7043512074	Assertion	An emphatic statement; declaration. An assertion supported by evidence becomes an argument	14
7043512075	Assumption	A belief or statement taken for granted without proof	15
7043512076	Asyndeton	Leaving out conjunctions between words, phrases, clauses	16
7043512077	Attitude	The speaker's position on a subject as revealed through his or her tone	17
7043512078	Audience	One's listener or readership; those to whom a speech or piece of writing is addressed	18
7043512079	Authority	A reliable, respected source - Someone with knowledge	19
7043512080	Bias	Prejudice or predisposition toward one side of a subject or issue	20
7056395189	Cite	Identifying a part of a piece of writing as being derived from a source	21
7056407184	Claim	An assertion, usually supported by evidence	22
7056407185	Close Reading	A careful reading that is attentive to organization, figurative language, sentence structure, vocabulary, and other literary and structural elements of a text	23
7056407186	Colloquial/ism	An informal or conversational use of language	24
7056407187	Common Ground	Shared beliefs, values, or positions	25
7056407188	Complex Sentence	A sentence that includes one independent clause and at least one dependent clause	26
7056407189	Concession	A reluctant acknowledgment or yielding	27
7056407190	Connotation	That which is implied by a word, as opposed to the word's literal meaning	28
7056407191	Context	Words, events, or circumstances that help determine meaning	29

Class Notes

Social Science

Math

Science

Fine Arts

Test Prep

Textbook Notes

Members Only

Forum

Blogs

Textbook Request

AP US History Period 8 (1945-1980) Flashcards

AP World History Strayer Chapter 3 Flashcards

AP World History Chapter 21 Flashcards

AP World History Flashcards

Flashcards

AP Spanish Expressions Flashcards

AP English Literature Terms Flashcards

AP Language Summer Terms Flashcards

AP Literature Literary Terms Flashcards

AP Language Terms Flashcards

Pages

Need Help?

Need Notes?

About Course-Notes.Org

You are here

Pages

Need Help?

Need Notes?

About Course-Notes.Org