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European History

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Religious Wars

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Dynasty? Growth of Empire? Gained power by marriage? Biggest empire of ALL the Hapsburgs? Reign of Charles V? Hapsburgs- Charles V- (in Spain = Charles II): Background of Charles V:? Austrian emperor- Holy Roman emperor- Spanish ruler- 1519-1556- Catholic- Empire of Charles V:? LARGEST Hapsburg Empire (Austria, Bohemia, Hungary, Holy Roman Empire, Spain, Netherlands, parts of Italy, Spanish America) - Look for Netherlands, Spain and Holy Roman Empire all on one map- Problems for Charles V:? Turks - invaded (recurring)- Charles V vs. Protestant states? 1547-1555? War of the League of Schmalkald ? Cuius regio eius religio? Ruler determines religion? Can't take anymore church property- Ecclesiastical Reservation? Peace of Augsburg, 1555? Protestants - resented Hapsburg-

Religious Wars

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Dynasty? Growth of Empire? Gained power by marriage? Biggest empire of ALL the Hapsburgs? Reign of Charles V? Hapsburgs- Charles V- (in Spain = Charles II): Background of Charles V:? Austrian emperor- Holy Roman emperor- Spanish ruler- 1519-1556- Catholic- Empire of Charles V:? LARGEST Hapsburg Empire (Austria, Bohemia, Hungary, Holy Roman Empire, Spain, Netherlands, parts of Italy, Spanish America) - Look for Netherlands, Spain and Holy Roman Empire all on one map- Problems for Charles V:? Turks - invaded (recurring)- Charles V vs. Protestant states? 1547-1555? War of the League of Schmalkald ? Cuius regio eius religio? Ruler determines religion? Can't take anymore church property- Ecclesiastical Reservation? Peace of Augsburg, 1555? Protestants - resented Hapsburg-

Religious Wars

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Dynasty? Growth of Empire? Gained power by marriage? Biggest empire of ALL the Hapsburgs? Reign of Charles V? Hapsburgs- Charles V- (in Spain = Charles II): Background of Charles V:? Austrian emperor- Holy Roman emperor- Spanish ruler- 1519-1556- Catholic- Empire of Charles V:? LARGEST Hapsburg Empire (Austria, Bohemia, Hungary, Holy Roman Empire, Spain, Netherlands, parts of Italy, Spanish America) - Look for Netherlands, Spain and Holy Roman Empire all on one map- Problems for Charles V:? Turks - invaded (recurring)- Charles V vs. Protestant states? 1547-1555? War of the League of Schmalkald ? Cuius regio eius religio? Ruler determines religion? Can't take anymore church property- Ecclesiastical Reservation? Peace of Augsburg, 1555? Protestants - resented Hapsburg-

Euro Notes

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Birthplace for the Renaissance? Rich and wealthy? Trade? Crossroads of ideas? Only when there is extra wealth to invest in the arts? Golden Age of arts? But mostly ruled by Merchant Oligarchies? Merchants = most powerful / ruling class? Each had different governments? Italian City States? Group of Germanic trading cities? Trading states in the north? Ports? Hanseatic League (the Hanse)? Because of trade as well? Later spread North? LOCATION- Ideas outside the church? "Here and now"? Paintings still carried certain religious themes? Secularism? Applauded differences? Personal credit for achievement? Portraits, autobiography? "Renaissance Man" ? Spend money to enjoy life? Individualism? Interest in the culture of the ancient Greeks and the Romans?

ap euro

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Chapter 23: Ideologies and Upheavals, 1815-1850 The peace settlement By 1814, the conservative monarchs had defeated French armies and checked the spread of the French Revolution--but many questions remained unanswered.. The European balance of power The victors (mainly the alliance of Russia, Austria, Prussia, and Great Britain) restored the French boundaries of 1792 and the Bourbon dynasty. They made other changes in the boundaries of Europe, establishing Prussia as a "sentinel" against France, and created a new kingdom out of Belgium and Holland. It was believed that the concept of the balance of power--an international equilibrium of political and military forces--would preserve peace in Europe.

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Chapter 15- The Age of Religious Wars and Overseas Expansion Politics, Religion, and War In 1559 France and Spain signed the Treaty of Cateau- Cambresis, which ended the long conflict known as the Habsburg-Valois Wars. Spain was the victor. Spanish governments ruled in Sicily, Naples, and Milan, and Spanish influence was strong in the Papal States and Tuscany. The Treaty of Cateau-Cambresis ended an era of dynastic wars and initiated a period of conflicts in which politics and religion played the dominant roles. Religious passions conditioned the mindsets of all elements of European society. Wars of late sixteenth century differed considerably from earlier wars. Check out Phillip II The use of gunpowder altered the nature of war and popular attitudes toward it.

apen notes

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Chapter 12.1 Meaning and Characteristics of the Italian Renaissance Meaning Rebirth Reviaval of the culture of classic antiquity or of Greco- Roman culture with Christian thoughts Age of recovery from the 14th century (Black Death, Political disorder, economic recession) Setting 1350-1550; After middle ages Birth place was Italy; commercial preeminence and political evolution caused northern Italy to become a place of numerous, dominating city-states which became the centers of Italy?s political, economical, and social life; it eventually spread through the rest of Europe Small percent of population Elite upper class Characteristics Greco-Roman culture Classic antiquity

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