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Psychology

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Social Development

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Preliminaries: why study development? Reasons to study development: reminder & to elaboration- understanding: to know a trait, know how it emerged: as a result of history and biologyUsing to treat disabilities, and to improve education - genes affect phenotype - The challenge: Social knowledge; social behavior: What do we need to know?We need to know the behavior and how it (change), the environment in which the behavior is changing, and biology (e.g. Brain)

AP Psych Syllabus

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W.B. Ray High School Advanced Placement Psychology Mr. Roberts-Room 172 [email protected] Course Syllabus Advanced Placement Psychology is taught in a one semester course. It is designed to introduce students to the systematic and scientific study of the behavioral and mental processes of human beings. Key concepts of the major schools of psychology and important theorists with their contributions to psychology are taught. Vocabulary is an essential part of psychology; therefore, vocabulary is emphasized. The culmination of the course is for students to take the Advanced Placement exam in May. (Please be aware that there is a fee to the exam of $86, certain circumstances allow for a reduced price of $8 for that fee.) Prerequisites

Psychology Final

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113070013 1. Imagine you were born and raised in a collectivist culture instead of an individualist culture. Based on your understanding of individualism and collectivism, how might your thinking about yourself and how might your thinking about other people be different?

Chapter 3C Outline

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Kelly Krawczyk Psych Outline Unit 3C ? Genetics, Evolutionary Psychology, and Behavior Behavior Genetics: Prediction Individual Differences Genes: Our Codes for Life 46 chromosomes: 23 from mother, 23 from father Genes can be active (expressed) or inactive Environment can ?turn on? genes Most traits are influenced by genes Twin and Adoption Studies Identical Versus Fraternal Twins Identical ? have same genes but not always same # Most identical share placenta but 1/3 have separate Shared genes can translate into shared experiences Separated Twins Separated twins are almost as similar as twins together Twin-study gave more appreciation to genetic influence Biological Versus Adoptive Relatives Genetic relatives, environmental relatives Adoptees are more similar to biological parents

Motivation

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Chapter 12 notes ? Motivation ??12 Motivation: what energizes and directs behavior; nature push/drive/need and nurture incentive/pull/want -instinct, drive reduction, homeostasis, incentives, optimum arousal Maslow?s hierarchy of needs: fundamental needs (physiological and safety), psych and social needs (belongingness, love, self-esteem), self-actualization needs Hunger motivation: Keys experiment Physiological sources: Washburn experiment, brain -- lateral hypothalamus (LH) vs. ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH); insulin vs. glucose, orexin vs. leptin, ghrelin vs. PYY; set point, basal metabolic rate Psychological sources: when - Rozin exp. and Schacter exp.; sweet and salty genetic (plus neophobia, cravings); what: culture;

Chapter 4 The Developing Person

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In-Class notes ?13: Chapter 4 ? The Developing Person Three major issues: Prenatal Development and the Newborn prenatal development: zygote, embryo, fetus, teratogens ? Fetal Alcohol Syndrome The Competent Newborn ? rooting reflex, others: -Close-up: how do we know? habituation, novel stimulus Infancy and Childhood Physical development ? brain: neurons, maturation, infant memory (?infantile amnesia?) / retention? -motor development: sequence, but individual differences in timing Cognitive Development ? PIAGET; schemas, assimilation, accommodation, stages and terms (figure 4.1) -sensorimotor: object permanence; stranger anxiety -preoperational ? egocentrism, language, fantasy, expanding theory of mind -- versus autism:

Consiousness Walk

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Consciousness Walk Consciousness Walk Decide you are going to do this We will be taking a walk around school with the intention of jogging our waking consciousness The Walk 1. You are to walk alone silently. 2. You are to concentrate on your breathing. 3. As you walk, allow yourself to notice things, thoughts, sensations but always come back to your breathing. 4. If persistent thoughts come into your mind, take notice but return to your breathing. When you return? 1. What thoughts, memories or associations came to mind? Were any persistent? 2. What sounds did you notice? 3. What sights? 4. What physical sensations? 5. What internal feelings?

Personality Presentation Guidelines

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Chapter 14- Personality Each group is responsible for teaching the class about their assigned Approach. Within each group, all important concepts, people and vocabulary must be discussed. YOU MUST USE RESOURCES BEYOND YOUR TEXT! All presentations should give a final evaluation of the strengths and weaknesses of the assigned approach. Each sub-topic presentation must include a visual aid and a note-taking guide to be handed out to your audience. Good Luck! The Trait Approach Hippocrates Gordon Allport Hans Eysenck Five-Factor Model Evaluation of Trait Approach Psychoanalytic Approach Freud/Id, Ego, Superego Defense Mechanisms Stages of Development Carl Jung/Analytic Psychology Alfred Adler Karen Horney Erik Erikson/Stages of Psychosocial Development

Ch9Thinking and Language

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Thinking Cognition: mental activity associated with processing, understanding , and communicating info To think about so many things, we group them into concepts: mental grouping of similar objects, events, or people Prototype:? The best representation of a concept (?mental img or best example that incorporates all the features we associate with a category.? I.e. A dog maybe a good example of the concept of four legged animals. Our memory of sth will shift toward the category prototype. Algorithm: A logical procedure guaranteed to solve a problem.? This method is slow but less likely to make mistakes. I.e. unscramble letters by nCr

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