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US History

This is a survey course that provides students with an investigation of important political, economic, and social developments in American history from the pre-colonial time period to the present day. Students will be engaged in activities that call upon their skills as historians (i.e. recognizing cause and effect relationships, various forms of research, expository and persuasive writing, reading of primary and secondary sources, comparing and contrasting important ideas and events).

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Chapter 10

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Washington?s cabinet Set precedent, the heads of department assembled to advise the presdient Bill of Rights A list of guarantees for American freedoms, drafted by James Madison and added to the constitution as the first ten Amendments Judiciary Act (1789) Established and organized effective courts, including SCOTUS Alexander Hamilton Treasury Secretary, who aimed to assume all debts and establish BUS ?funding at par? the federal government would pay off debts at face value ?assumption? Having Congress assume state debts, bound states to federal government federal district Placing the federal district on the Potomac allowed Virginia to ?assume? Whiskey Rebellion A rebellion in PA against taxes on whiskey. Federal response was strong

Chapter 11

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Chapter 11: The Triumphs and Travails of Jeffersonian Democracy ?John Adams?s Jackasses? The new navy rallied for America?s conflict against France, which never happened Revolution of 1800 The peaceful transfer of power from the Federalists to the Democratic-Republicans Naturalization Law (1802) a law restoring the citizenship requirement of residency to the original 5 years Albert Gallatin Secretary of the Treasury, who reduced the national debt and balanced the budget Judiciary Act (1801) Created 16 federal judgeships and other judicial offices John Marshall The strongly Federalist Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, and cousin of Jefferson Marbury v. Madison A case establishing the SCOTUS?s power of judicial review (capacity to interpret Constitution)

Chapter 12

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Chapter 12: The Second War for Independence and the Upsurge of Nationalism, 1812-1824 Oliver Hazard Perry An American naval officer whose capture of British ships boosted morale Battle of the Thames An American victory by General Harrison?s army Thomas MacDonough An American who won a close battle by turning his ship about with cables Francis Scott Key An American who wrote ?Star Spangled Banner? after the defense of Baltimore Battle of New Orleans An American victory caused by British blundering against entrenched Americans Treaty of Ghent The peace treaty for the War of 1812, signed before the Battle of New Orleans. Hartford Convention A Federalist conference demanding certain concessions before fleeing after Ghent Rush-Bagot Agreement

American revolution notes

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Guerilla tactics [fight an insurgent war ? you don?t have to win a battle, just wear the British down] The Americans The British 1777, separate and control New England. Break the colonies in half by getting between the North and South. General Horatio Gates surrounds the British with the help of Benedict Arnold British defeat stopped them from cutting off New England from the rest of the country and ending the war. British lacked knowledge of geography and failed at communications. Oct. 1777, British General, John Burgoyne was surrounded by US General Horatio Gates and forced to surrender 6,000 British troops. Led to a military alliance with France providing soldiers, naval fleet and $$$$$. (Franco-American alliance, 1778) Surrender/saratoga Valley Forge

Virginia Colony Essay (Contributions)

chapter 19

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Chapter 19: Drifting Toward Disunion Uncle Tom?s Cabin?1852 Harriet Beecher Stowe Inspired by the 2nd Great Awakening Wanted to show the North the horrors of slavery Especially the breaking up of families South claimed that the novel was unfair Not an accurate portrayal of slavery Stowe had never seen slavery in the Deep South Novel was very successful Millions of copies sold in US and abroad Huge political impact Northerners decided not to enforce the Fugitive Slave Law Boys who read the book in the North would be Union soldiers Popularity with the public in Europe kept European leaders from helping the South in the Civil War Another influential book The Impending Crisis of the South?1857?Hinton R. Helper

chapter 18

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Chapter 18: Renewing the Sectional Struggle The Popular Sovereignty Panacea Election of 1848 Polk does not want to run again for the democrats Democrats pick General Lewis Cass (War of 1812) Believed in popular sovereignty Popular Sovereignty? Doctrine that stated that the sovereign people of a territory should determine the status of slavery Whigs nominate General Zachary Taylor No official stance on the extension of slavery, but owned slaves Free Soil party Organized by antislavery men?agree with Wilmot Proviso Disliked slavery because it hurt whites chances to own land Wanted free soil in the West so whites could own property Nominated Van Buren Taylor won Free-soilers took votes from Democrats in NY CA Gold Rush, Sectional Balance and the Underground Railroad

chapter 17

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Chapter 17: Manifest Destiny and Its Legacy The Accession of ?Tyler Too? Webster and Clay expect to run the country after Harrison?s election Harrison is just a figurehead to get Whigs in office Unfortunately for Webster and Clay? Harrison dies after just 4 weeks in office John Tyler becomes president Many Whigs do not like Tyler Left the Democrats for the Whigs b/c he didn?t like Jackson Embraced states? rights issues Not a big supporter of the Bank, Tariffs, or Internal Improvements Clay begins to implement Whig plans Whig Congress passes a law ending the independent treasury Tyler signs it Next, Clay pushes a bill through Congress to establish a ?Fiscal Bank? This would establish a new Bank of US Tyler vetoes the bill

chapter 16

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Chapter 16: The South and the Slavery Controversy ?Cotton is King!? The South produced more than ? of the world?s supply of cotton Cotton accounted for about ? of all exports after 1840 Britain was the leading industrial power and? Its single most important manufacture was cotton cloth 1/5 of British population worked in cotton manufacturing About 75% of its cotton came from the South Southern leaders believed the British would protect them in a war with the North because of their dependence on the South for cotton? Cotton King The Planter Aristocracy The South could be described as an oligarchy What is an oligarchy? Government run by a few (usually wealthy have the power) Widened the gap between the rich and the poor Wealthy children went to private schools, therefore

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