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French Revolution

Revolution and the Reimposition of Order

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Palmer Chapter 12 1 Revolutions and the Reimposition of Order Revolution and the Reimposition of Order Chapter XII. Sections 58-62 pp. 500-541 ?Never before or since has Europe seen so truly universal an upheaval as in 1848....In 1848 the revolutionary movement broke out spontaneously from native sources from Copenhagen to Palermo and from Paris to Budapest. Contemporaries sometimes attributed the universality of the phenomenon to the machinations of secret societies...but the fact is that revolutionary plotters had little influence upon what actually happened....Many people wanted substantially the same things--constitutional government, the independence and unification of national groups, an end

French Revolution Debate

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Maximilien Robespierre
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Reign of Terror
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Debate: The French Revolution (1789?1815) Was the French Revolution worth the Human Costs? Yes: The third estate left the Estates General and then invited the clergy and the nobles to join them. On June 17, 1789 they declared themselves the National Assembly. First movement the masses participated in. This foreshadows the creation of laws to help the people. The National Assembly abolished feudal society in France, outlawed the dues and tithes to the church, and mandated that jobs be open to all. Three weeks later the Assembly issued the Declaration of the Rights of Man, by which everyone in France was considered born free and equal in rights, especially those of life, liberty, property, security, and resistance to oppression. This led to a wave of abolitionism throughout Europe.

French Revolution

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French Revolution

French Revolution Study Guide FRENCH REVOLUTION STUDY GUIDE Overall Themes The causes of the French Revolution The causes of the Radical Takeover and the Reign of Terror The causes of the Thermidorian Reaction Promotion and/or corruption of the ideals of the Enlightenment in the French Revolution Important Figures Louis XVI - was the King of France - poor leader/ made bad decisions - caused the debt of France - overthrown by Revolution and beheaded Marie Antoinette - Queen of France/ Louis?s wife - nickname ?Madame Deficit? - beheaded Emmanuel-Joseph Sieyes - also known as Abb? Siey?s - wrote ?What is the Third Estate?? - first theorist of the French Revolution Maximillian Robespierre - helped lead the Revolution

Marie Antoinette

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French Revolution
Marie Antoniette

Rumors have always been useful for those who wanted to cause hostility and trouble; this was never more true than during the rein of Marie Antoinette, Queen of France. Betrothed to Louis-Auguste, Dauphin of France at the age of 14, Marie Antoinette, Archduchess of Austria, was thrown into a different royal court, that of France. Different from lax Austrian royal court, the French nobility were cliquey, highly judgmental, and filled with age-old traditions. From her arrival to France in 1770, Marie Antoinette was a young and misunderstood Queen, who was a prisoner of royal protocol.

French Revolution

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French Revolution
French Revolution (1789-1815) 1. French Revolution vs. American Revolution (1775-1800) a. What was revolted against? i. American Revolution 1. Unfair taxes 2. Settling west of the Appalachian was prohibited. ii. French Revolution 1. Traditional monarchy 2. Power of the Church 3. Hereditary aristocracy b. Outcomes i. American Revolution 1. Created an enduring form or representative democracy ii. French Revolution 1. Expanded mass participation in political life 2. Radicalized the democratic tradition inherited from the English and American experiences but could not be sustained so Napoleon became dictator 3. Symbolic drama a. Beheading of French king Louis XVI (1793) 2. French Society a. First Estate, Clergy i. Numbered 130,000 in a nation of 28 million

The French Revolution: In Brief

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French Revolution

The French Revolution: In Brief Causes of the French Revolution The French Revolution, which began in 1789, is the division between early modern/modern era What is an era? A long and distinct period of history with a particular feature or characteristic The system of Louis XVI broke down, and destroyed the reason/explanation for monarchy and the hierarchical society of privilege that was the Old Regime. Who was Louis XVI? He was called the ?Sun King? He had the longest reign (ruling a country) in European History (1643-1715) He maintained absolute ruling/power by himself over France He drastically overspent Frances money building his palace at Versailles and four wars with most other European countries

French Revolution Notes

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French Revolution

French Revolution: important because France is most populated, influential country 3 estates: 1. Clergy owns 10% of land, don?t pay taxes, gap between upper clergy and parish priests 2.Nobility owns 30% of land, don?t pay taxes, have political power & privileges * both 1 & 2 estates: tithes & dues from home, have privilege, resist change, 2% of society 3.Commoners 90% of population Peasants= 80% world view local, catholic, seek protection, hate local land owner Sans-culottes/city workers- in the city. Issues: wages stay same, prices go up Bourgeoisie=middle class: relatively wealthy, educated, pay taxes, no pol infl Economic issues: harvest of 1788 sucked peasants still pay taxes, price of bread goes up

French Revolution

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French Revolution

The?French Revolution?(French:?R?volution fran?aise; 1789?99) was a period of?radical?social and political upheaval in?French?and European?history. The?absolute monarchy?that had ruled France for centuries collapsed in three years. French society underwent an epic transformation as?feudal, aristocratic and religious privileges evaporated under a sustained assault from liberal political groups and the masses on the streets. Old ideas about hierarchy and tradition succumbed to new?Enlightenment?principles of?citizenship?and?inalienable rights.

French Revolution

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French Revolution

FRENCH REVOLUTION & NAPOLEON Test Review French Revolution: liberty, equality, and brotherhood Importance Complete transformation of French culture Destroyed monarchy and the Catholic Church People in charge, mob mentality Society: 1st estate- clergymen 2nd estate- nobility and monarchy 3rd estate- lower/middle class (majority) Carrying burdens of the higher estates Causes of revolution: Political 3rd estate/inequality English Civil War, Glorious Revolution, American Revolution Inspiration Monarchs were reorganized, overthrown, limited by normal people and parliament Ineffective leadership of Louis 14th and 15th Louis 16th: indecisive, bad leader, fat, starving people, doesn?t care, weak Marries Marie Antoinette for strategic ties to Austria

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