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2nd millennium

Out of Many AP Edition Chapter 6 Class Notes

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Chapter 6: From Empire to Independence Outline ? The Seven Years? War in America ??????????The Albany Conference of 1754??????? o???British officials wanted the colonies to consider a collective response to the continuing conflict with New France and the Indians of the interior. o???The conference adopted Benjamin Franklin?s Plan of the Union, which proposed that Indian affairs, western settlement, and other items of mutual interest be placed under the authority of one general government for the colonies, consisting of a president-general appointed by British rule and a Grand Council, legislative body that makes laws and raises money. This plan was rejected. ??????????Colonial Aims and Indian Interests o???There were three flash points of conflict in North America

Out of Many AP edition Chapter 5

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Chapter 5: The Cultures of Colonial North America Outline ? Middle Colonies I.????????????????????The Middle Colonies a.???????Location ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????i.??????Along the lower Hudson River ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????ii.??????Included New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania b.??????Religion ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????i.??????Puritan, Baptist, Quaker, Catholic, and Jewish congregations ?????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????ii.??????Lutherans or Calvinists, Presbyterians, Anglicans, Baptists ????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????iii.??????Tolerance of religious practices and distinctions c.???????Politics and government

Revolutions of 1848

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Revolutions of 1848 Pre-1848 Tensions: Long-Term Industrialization Zollverein Population doubled in the 18c Food supply problems Ideological Challenges Liberalism, nationalism, democracy, socialism. Romanticism Repressive Measures Carlsbad Decrees [Prus.] Secret police created in many European states Pre-1848 Tensions: Short-Term Agricultural Crises Poor cereal harvests Potato blight Ireland Financial Crises Investment bubbles burst railways, iron, coal. Unemployment increased rapidly [esp. among the artisan/middle class]. Working & middle classes are now joined in misery as are the urban and agricultural peasantry! France The February Revolution Working class & liberals unhappy with King Louis Philippe So? they protest and? Troops open fire on peaceful protestors.

Italian Unification

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Second Half of the 19th Century Italian Unification Wanted to unify because: Difficult to defend each city state Isolated because it?s a peninsula and has mountains at the north Reminiscent of roman times when they were the greatest Italy before Unification Ruled by foreign nations Italian Nationalist Leaders Count Camilo Cavour Leader of piedmont Real politique Builds roads and canals Improves economy Italy is still lost in past so he is trying to bring it up to speed If infrastructure and economy looks food in piedmont, maybe other Italian states will want to update. Understands he must choose a king because the rest of Europe is conservative. King Victor Emanuel 2 Guiseppi Mazzini Has a newspaper that encourages a unified Italy Guiseppe Garibaldi

Understanding the Primary Text

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Understanding the Primary Text 1. Why does Lincoln begin his eulogy to the soldiers buried at Gettysburg with a reference to "Four score and seven years ago"? Because 87 years ago was the Declaration of Independence, it was to remind them/you of what they're fighting for, which is freedom. 2. Why does Lincoln at Gettysburg call human equality a "proposition," meaning something that needs to be proven? Because not everyone is free, it's an idea but it needs to be proven that all men are created equally. 3. What does Lincoln mean by calling the Civil War a test of the ability of the nation to "long endure"? If they can survive this civil war and still stay as a union, they will stay a union.

Ways of the World Outline Chapter 17

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Chapter 17 Outline I. Opening Vignette A. Mahatma Gandhi criticized industrialization as economic exploitation. 1. few people have agreed with him 2. every kind of society has embraced at least the idea of industrialization since it started in Great Britain in the late eighteenth century B. The Industrial Revolution was one of the most significant elements of Europe?s modern transformation. 1. initial industrialization period was 1750?1900 2. drew on the Scientific Revolution 3. utterly transformed European society 4. pushed Europe into a position of global dominance 5. was more fundamental than any breakthrough since the Agricultural Revolution C. We don?t know where we are in the industrial era?at the beginning, in the middle, or at the end.

Ways of the World Outline Chapter 19

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Chapter 19 Empires in Collision: Europe, the Middle East, and East Asia 1800?1914 CHAPTER OUTLINE I. Opening Vignette A. The Opium War (1839?1842) in China continues to resonate emotionally with many Chinese. 1. Britain?s violent intrusion and sale of addictive opium to China?s people 2. began what Chinese still describe as a ?century of humiliation? B. Most peoples of Asia, the Middle East, Africa, and Latin America had to deal in some way with European imperialism. C. This chapter focuses on societies that faced internal crises while maintaining formal independence. D. Four main dimensions of European imperialism confronted these societies: 1. military might and political ambitions of rival European states

Ways of the World Outline Chapter 16

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CHAPTER 16 OUTLINE I. Opening Vignette A. The 2010 Haitian earthquake devastated this already impoverished country. 1. also reawakened issues from slave-led revolution of 1804 a. heavy reparations to the French had long impeded development of the country 2. Haitian Revolution was part of a wider set of upheavals a. Haitians drew inspiration from North American and French Revolutions b. the Haitian revolution helped to shape Latin American independence struggles c. echoes of these revolutions reverberated around the world II. Atlantic Revolutions in a Global Context A. From the early eighteenth to mid-nineteenth century, political and social upheaval occurred in many parts of the world. B. Atlantic revolutions took place in this wider framework.

Brinkley Questions Chapter 4

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Brinkley Chapter 4 Guiding Questions How did the relationship between king and Parliament change during the early eighteenth century? What role did the prime minister play in this change? 2. How were the American colonies administered by Britain, from Britain, during this period? What was the effect of this policy? 3. How was England?s hold on the colonies weakened between 1700 and 1775? What role did colonial assemblies play in the weakening? 4. What factors helped promote colonial unity during this period? 5. What was the Albany Plan, and what did it reveal about colonial unity? 6. To what areas of North America had the French laid claim by 1750?

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