Biology

The Living Environment The study of organisms and their interactions with the environment. Topics Unit 1: Ecology Unit 2: The Cell Unit 3: Genetics Unit 4: History of Biological Diversity Unit 5: The Human Body Unit 2: The Cell Chemistry in Biology Cellular Structure and Function Cellular Energy Cellular Reproduction The Building Blocks of Life All organisms are made up of carbon-based molecules. Specifically molecules called hydrocarbons. (...they contain C and H) Macromolecules are large molecules that are formed by joining smaller organic molecules together. There are four major categories of biological macromolecules: Carbohydrates: store energy and provide structural support. Lipids: store energy and provide barriers

Living Environment Part D (Required Labs) Review Beaks of Finches 14 Species of Darwin?s finches Beaks vary in size and shape Bodies vary in size and shape Beaks of Finches Different beak sizes and shapes differ in their efficiency at performing particular tasks. Beaks of Finches Why do offspring of better-adapted individuals inherit many of their parents? favorable variations? Beaks of Finches Why do offspring of better-adapted individuals inherit many of their parents? favorable variations? Favorable variations allow parents to survive and then reproduce more. Their offspring then may possess those variations. Beaks of Finches What are the parts of Darwin?s theory of Natural Selection? Beaks of Finches What are the parts of Darwin?s theory of Natural Selection?

Human Impact On the Environment 12 Environmental Issues 1. Destruction/loss of natural habitats? 2. Destruction/loss of wild food resources? 3. Destruction/loss of biodiversity 4. Destruction/loss of soil 5. Limitations of energy resources 6. Limitations of available freshwater 7. Limitations of photosynthetic capacity 8. Introduction of toxic chemicals? 9. Introduction of alien/invasive species? 10. Introduction of atmospheric gases 11. Human population growth? 12. Environmental impact per capita 2 Destruction/loss of natural habitats Causes: Deforestation ? removal of forest for use of resources Forest Fires caused by negligence Flooding as a result of global warming Pollution of habitat areas by littering, oil spills, or waste dumping Construction of building, roads, etc. 3

The Living Environment The study of organisms and their interactions with the environment. Topics Unit 1: Ecology Unit 2: The Cell Unit 3: Genetics Unit 4: History of Biological Diversity Unit 5: The Human Body Unit 1: Ecology Principles of Ecology Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems Population Ecology Biodiversity and Conservation Ecology The study of living organisms and their interaction with the environment. Biosphere The portion of Earth that supports life. Ecosystem a biological community and all of the abiotic factors that affect it. BIOTIC FACTORS ABIOTIC FACTORS Producers (plants) Atmospheric gases (air) Consumers (Herbivores/Carnivores) Water Decomposers (bacteria/fungi) Sunlight other Single-celled Organisms Rocks and other soil sediment

Evolution Evolution is change over time. The Theory of Evolution states that all organisms share a single common ancestor and have evolved over time. It also states that this has occurred largely due to changes in environmental conditions that have led to a necessity for organisms to change and adapt or go extinct. Darwin?s Theory of Natural Selection In 1831, Charles Darwin set sail on the HMS Beagle as the ship?s naturalist. His job was to collect biological and geological specimens. After traveling from England across the Atlantic and collecting specimens along the eastern and western coasts of South America, the ship landed in the Galapagos Islands. Darwin?s Theory of Natural Selection