Chemical nomenclature

Nature

Organic chemistry

Isomerism

Carbon

Campbell's Biology, 9e (Reece et al.) Chapter 4 Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life This chapter focuses on the chemistry of carbon and organic compounds. Students should be able to identify the nature of the bonds between carbon and other elements (nonpolar versus polar), the different types of weak bonds and interactions, the various types of isomers, the basic functional groups of organic molecules, and their relative solubility in water. The abiotic formation of organic molecules from inorganic molecules is important in the origin of life. Multiple-Choice Questions 1) The element present in all organic molecules is A) hydrogen. B) oxygen. C) carbon. D) nitrogen. E) phosphorus. Answer: C Topic: Concept 4.1 Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

Chapter 7 Chemistry Notes

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Ions

Chapter 7 7-1 symbol? an abbreviation for the name of the element Chemical formula? a type of notation made with numbers and chem. Symbols To indicate the composition of a compound To indicate the number of atoms in one molecule of an element molecule? a single atom, a group of 2+ atoms of the same element, or a group of atoms of different elements that have combined to form a compound Monoatomic molecules? molecules with one atom Diatomic molecules? two atom molecules Hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, chlorine, fluorine, bromine, Iodine When writing the formula for a molecule of an element, write the number of atoms in each molecule as a subscript just after the symbol The formula of a compound tells 2 things: The element making up the compound

Ap bio Carbon Compunds ppt

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Biology

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Organic chemistry

Isomerism

Ketone

Carbon

Hydrocarbon

* Chapter 4 Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life * Carbon Chemistry Carbon is the Backbone of Biological Molecules (macromolecules) All living organisms Are made up of chemicals based mostly on the element carbon Figure 4.1 * Carbon Chemistry Organic chemistry is the study of carbon compounds Carbon atoms can form diverse molecules by bonding to four other atoms Carbon compounds range from simple molecules to complex ones Carbon has four valence electrons and may form single, double, triple, or quadruple bonds * The bonding versatility of carbon allows it to form many diverse molecules, including carbon skeletons (a) Methane (b) Ethane (c) Ethene (ethylene) Molecular Formula Structural Formula Ball-and-Stick Model Space-Filling Model H H H H H H H H H H H H H H C C C C C

Campbell Biology 9th Edition - Ch. 4 Organic Chem

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Biology

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Carbon

Chapter 4 Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life I. Importance of Carbon Organic chemistry: branch of chemistry that specializes in study of carbon compounds Organic compounds: contain Carbon (& H) Major elements of life: CHNOPS Carbon can form large, complex, and diverse molecules II. Diversity of Carbon It has 4 valence electrons (tetravalence) It can form up to 4 covalent bonds Most frequent bonding partners: H, O, N II. Diversity of Carbon Bonds can be single, double, or triple covalent bonds. II. Diversity of Carbon Carbon can form large molecules 4 classes of macromolecules: carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids II. Diversity of Carbon Molecules can be chains, ring-shaped, or branched II. Diversity of Carbon Forms isomers

Organic Chemistry Lecture 7

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Organic chemistry

Functional groups

Saturated and unsaturated compounds

Isomerism

Stereochemistry

Alkene

Cis–trans isomerism

Butene

Haloalkane

Chapter 7 ?2010, Prentice Hall Organic Chemistry, 7th Edition L. G. Wade, Jr. Structure and Synthesis of Alkenes Chapter 7 * Introduction Alkenes are hydrocarbon with carbon-carbon double bonds. Alkenes are also called olefins, meaning ?oil-forming gas?. The functional group of alkenes is the carbon-carbon double bond, which is reactive. Chapter 7 Chapter 7 * Sigma Bonds of Ethylene Chapter 7 Chapter 7 * Orbital Description Sigma bonds around the double-bonded carbon are sp2 hybridized. Angles are approximately 120? and the molecular geometry is trigonal planar. Unhybridized p orbitals with one electron will overlap forming the double bond (pi bond) . Chapter 7 Chapter 7 * Bond Lengths and Angles sp2 hybrid orbitals have more s character than the sp3 hybrid orbitals.

Robbert Goddard

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Chemical formulas

Optical character recognition

Notation

Hydrate

Ion

Scantron

Polyatomic ion

The Unit 7 Test Review The test will consist of 25 multiple choice questions. Scantron answer documents will be used. You will need a #2 pencil and a calculator. A periodic table will be provided. In order to be successful with this test you need to know your diatomics and polyatomic ions. Be sure you can write formulas and balance ionic charges. Please study your notes, quizzes, and practice worksheets. Be sure to complete the WebAssign. Name a hydrate Write the formula for a hydrate Calculate the percent by mass of water in a hydrate using a given formula Calculate the percent by mass of water in a hydrate using lab data Determine the formula of a hydrate using lab data (similar to the hydrate lab) Differentiate between basic state of matter symbols: (s), (l), (g), (aq)

Naming and Writing Ionic Formulas

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Ions