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Swahili people

States and Societies of Sub-Saharan Africa

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Kinberg, Nicholas Michael Chakmakian AP World History 31 July 2015 Chapter 19 Outline States of Sub-Saharan Africa Lion prince Sundiata, 13th-century founder of Mali empire in westAfrica Oral traditions include stories, histories, epics transmitted by singers/storytellers known in Africa as griots; scholars collected African oral traditions in 1950 Sundiata?s father ruled west African kingdom in northeast known as Guinea Sundiata had bad childhood, defective leg crippled him King died, enemies invaded/killed royal offspring, sparing child because they thought his condition would prevent him from threatening them Overcame injury, learned how to use bow/arrow, hunted in forest Enemiesbegan to fear him, forced him to seek refuge in neighboring kingdom

Rubenstein Ch 5 Reading Guide

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CHAPTER 5 - - - Language: Key Issue 1 Where Are English-Language Speakers Distributed? Rubenstein, pp. 134-143 Page 134-135 Approximately ________ languages are spoken by at least _____ million people, including the ______ largest ones. The remaining __________ languages are spoken by ______ million people. Case Study on page 136. 1. What are Canada?s two official langauges? 2. What language is mainly spoken in Quebec? Why? ? ORIGIN AND DIFFUSION OF ENGLISH 3. How did English become so widely diffused? 4. What three European peoples originally came together to form the English people and English language? 5. Where did these people come from? 6. What two subsequent invasions added additional words to the evolving English language? ? DIALECTS OF ENGLISH

Swahili City

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SWAHILI CITY-STATES By the eleventh and twelfth centuries, trade brought wealth to the Swahili city-states. Local chiefs were able to strengthen and increase the influence of their communities. Eventually, trade moved to more convenient locations, such as Lamu, Malindi, Mombasa, and more, which ended up developing into successful city states. Due to their accumulating wealth, city-states were able to undergo remarkable transformations. Buildings became larger and started to be built with sturdier material, such as stone instead of mud. Overall, city-states in Swahili were quite successful. AFRICAN ISLAM

Chapter 8

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Chapter 8 African Civilizations and the Spread of Islam I. Introduction A. Mansa Musa ? crossed Sahara on hajj 1. wealth symbolized potential of Africa B. Sub-sahara never totally isolated 1. But?for periods contact was difficult and intermittent C. Changes came from 1. Arrival of Muhammad followers a. Commercial and military attributes b. changed by Islam, but retained individuality c. African culture not united d. provided major external contact between sub-Saharan Africa and world D. State building 1. Mali, Songhay ? created more from military power than ethnic/cultural unity 2. Merchant city states on west/East coast 3. Portugese in 15th century brought Africans into world economy more 4. Bantu migration continued

post classical africa

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Post classical states and societies of Sub-Sahara Africa Political: Sundiata-founder of Mali empire in west Africa in the 13th century, oral tradition tells of him by professional singers and storytellers called griots. His father ruled a small west African kingdom, but sundiata had a defective leg and was crippled. When enemies killed his family, he learned the bow in the woods. Sundiata was sent to another kingdom where he assembled a cavalry and posed as a warrior. 1235 he returns and claims throne, and builds a capital at Niani, soon becoming a commercial center Between 1000-1500 CE people of sub Saharan Africa expand and do interregional trade. Also had indian ocean trade By 1000 ce bantus are in most Africa south of equator, while kushite, Sudanese, and others have communities

Chapter 8 Voc.

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Chapter 8 African Civilizations and the Spread of Islam I. Introduction A. Mansa Musa ? crossed Sahara on hajj 1. wealth symbolized potential of Africa B. Sub-sahara never totally isolated 1. But?for periods contact was difficult and intermittent C. Changes came from 1. Arrival of Muhammad followers a. Commercial and military attributes b. changed by Islam, but retained individuality c. African culture not united d. provided major external contact between sub-Saharan Africa and world D. State building 1. Mali, Songhay ? created more from military power than ethnic/cultural unity 2. Merchant city states on west/East coast 3. Portugese in 15th century brought Africans into world economy more 4. Bantu migration continued

CHAPTER8: AFRICAN CIVILIZATION AND THE SPREAD OF ISLAM

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CHAPTER8: AFRICAN CIVILIZATION AND THE SPREAD OF ISLAM Pp. 170-191 I. OVERVIEW A. Political 1. Many states were ruled by kinship groups (stateless societies) 2. Patriarch/council of elders of a family or group of lineages as leaders in Sudanic states 3. Distinctive regional towns that developed in western Sudan 4. Large states were ruled by a dominant family B. Social 1. Ruling families used titles such as emir or caliph to reinforce authority 2. Mixture of Islam and pagan practice and belief 3. Some kingdoms resisted Islam 4. Many Sudanic societies were matrilineal and recognized role of women C. Economic 1. International trade 2. Africa had 30-60 million inhabitants

East Africa and the Indian Ocean Basin

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East Africa and the Indian Ocean Basin The trading patterns of East Africa in the Indian Ocean basin have undergone many changes between 1450-1750 that have shaped not only the communities in East Africa economically, but also culturally. Through the growing interactions with societies outside of Africa, these communities were able to evolve from relying on simplistic methods of trade to more complex methods that allowed for an increased exchange of cultures and religions. Overall, these changes are marked by a dramatic alteration concerning the structure of society, while the general dependence on trade remained an integral aspect of East African society.
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