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Radioactive decay

AP Chemistry Zumdahl 7E Chapter 21 Notes

Subject: 
Chemistry
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Nuclear physics
Nuclide
Stable nuclide
Nuclear binding energy
Neutron
Radioactive decay
Beta decay
Positron emission
Radionuclide
Binding energy
Atom
Nuclear fission

1 AP Chemistry Chapter 21 - The Nucleus: A Chemist?s View 21.1 Nuclear Stability and Radioactive Decay A. Radioactive Decay 1. Decomposition forming a different nucleus and producing one or more particles a. Total mass number and atomic number must be conserved in any nuclear change nCHeBe 101264294 +?+ B. Zone of Stability 1. Of 2000 known nuclides, only 279 are stable with respect to radioactive decay 2. All nuclides with more than 83 protons (bismuth) are unstable 3. Light nuclides are most stable when the neutron/proton ratio is 1 4. Heavier nuclides are most stable when the neutron/proton ratio is greater than 1 5. Magic numbers a. Special stability exists when the number of protons or neutrons is: 2, 8, 20, 28, 50, 82, 126 C. Types of Radioactive Decay

Living in the Environment 16th Ed. : Ch.2 Key Terms

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Environmental Science
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Physics
Chemistry
Nuclear chemistry
Nuclear physics
radioactivity
Radiation
Baryons
Isotope
Atomic theory
matter
Nuclear fission
Radioactive decay
Technology

Chapter 2 Key Terms acidity Ions are also important for measuring a substance?s acidity in a water solution, a chemical characteristic that helps determine how a substance dissolved in water will interact with and affect its environment. atom The most basic building block of matter is an atom: the smallest unit of matter into which an element can be divided and still retain its chemical properties. atomic number Each element has a unique atomic number, equal to the number of protons in the nucleus of its atom. atomic theory The idea that all elements are made up of atoms is called the atomic theory and is the most widely accepted scientific theory in chemistry. cells

APES beginner vocabulary

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Environmental Science
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Chemistry
matter
Biology
Chemical elements
Nonmetals
metabolism
cellular respiration
Reducing agents
Carbon
energy
Autotroph
Radioactive decay
Environment

Basic Scientific Concepts Organic vs. Inorganic: The primary difference between organic compounds and inorganic compounds is that organic compounds always contain carbon while most inorganic compounds do not. Also, all organic compounds contain carbon, hydrogen or C-H bonds. Ex. of Organic Compounds: Nucleic Acids, Fats, Sugars, Proteins, Enzymes, Fuels, DNA, and Methane CH4 Ex. of Inorganic Compounds: Salts, Metals, Table Salt and Carbon Dioxide Gene: A unit of heredity; a segment of DNA nucleus of the cell that contains information for the synthesis of a specific protein. Ex: Enzymes Gene pool: Combined genetic information, such as alleles, of all the members of a particular population.
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