Period 3 (1754-1800) AP US History Flashcards
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| 15201773163 | Sugar Act (1764) | The first act that Parliament passed that raised taxes on the colonies. Indirect tax on imported goods from the West Indies. | 0 | |
| 15201773164 | Stamp Act (1765) | Parliaments put a tax on all printed material. ex. newspapers, legal documents, playing cards. |  | 1 |
| 15201773165 | Stamp Act Congress (1765) | A meeting of delegations from many of the colonies, the congress was formed to protest the newly passed Stamp Act It adopted a declaration of rights as well as sent letters of complaints to the king and parliament, and it showed signs of colonial unity and organized resistance. |  | 2 |
| 15201773166 | Quartering Act (1765) | Required the colonials to provide food, lodging, and supplies for the British troops in the colonies. | 3 | |
| 15201773167 | Boston Massacre (1770) | The first bloodshed of American resistance, as British guards at the Boston Customs House opened fire on a crowd killing five Americans. |  | 4 |
| 15201773168 | Tea Act (1773) | Granted the British East India Company Tea a monopoly on tea sales in the American colonies. A catalyst of the Boston Tea Party. | 5 | |
| 15201773169 | Boston Tea Party (1773) | A protest against British taxes in which Boston patriots disguised as Indians dumped valuable tea into Boston Harbor. |  | 6 |
| 15201773170 | Intolerable Acts (1774) | In response to Boston's resistence to British Customs; Declared (1) The port of Boston closed, (2) the suspension of town meetings, (3) British officials accused of crimes will stand trial in Britain rather than America, and (4) a new Quartering Act. |  | 7 |
| 15201773171 | Lexington and Concord (1775) | The first military engagements of the revolutionary war; Took place in two Massachusetts towns where weapons were stockpiled. |  | 8 |
| 15201773172 | Continental Congress | a convention of delegates from the Thirteen Colonies which met from 1775 to 1781 | 9 | |
| 15201773173 | Enlightenment | A 18th century European intellectual movement that introduced the idea of republicanism (among other ideas); Influenced many of the founders, e.g. Franklin, Jefferson, and Madison, and had a major impact on the founding documents, e.g. Declaration of Independence, Constitution. | 10 | |
| 15201773174 | Benjamin Franklin | Postmaster of the colonies; Author of the Albany Plan; A significant Enlightenment figure and one of the most important scientists of the 18th century; Editor of the Declaration of Independence and ambassador to France during the Revolution. |  | 11 |
| 15201773175 | King Louis XIV | French king known as the Sun King. Reigned from 1643 to 1715. Offered support for development of American colonies driven by mercantile principles. |  | 12 |
| 15201773176 | Ohio Valley | Area claimed by French that had Indian tribes already living there. The English were expanding into it and the Iroquois wanted to trade there. Cause of tension. |  | 13 |
| 15201773177 | Canada | French colony with its capital at Quebec; Overturned to the British following the Seven Years War. | 14 | |
| 15201773178 | Louisiana | French colony with its capital at New Orleans; Overturned to the Spanish following the Seven Years War. |  | 15 |
| 15201773179 | New Orleans | Strategic French outpost at the mouth of the Mississippi River | 16 | |
| 15201773180 | Huron Indians | Indigenous people of North America who had friendly relations with the French. Became allies with the French to defeat the Iroquois. | 17 | |
| 15201773181 | coureurs de bois and voyageurs | "runners of the woods"; French fur traders, many of mixed Amerindian (Metis) heritage, who lived among and often married with Amerindian peoples of North America. |  | 18 |
| 15201773182 | Jesuit missionaries | Catholic priests who attempted to convert Indians in French colonies | 19 | |
| 15201773183 | Metis people | Descendant of intermarriages between French and indigenous people |  | 20 |
| 15201773184 | beaver trade | The main commercial activity of the Dutch and French in the New World |  | 21 |
| 15201773185 | George Washington | As a land surveyor and wealthy Virginia planter he sparked the French and Indian war; As Commander of the Continental Army during the Revolutionary War he helped the colonies win independence; As first President of the US he was the de facto head of the federalists. |  | 22 |
| 15201773186 | French and Indian War (1754-1763) | American theater of the Seven Years war; Began when territorial claims between the French and British in North America sparked violence; Sometimes called the first global war. | 23 | |
| 15201773187 | Albany Plan of Union (1754) | Plan proposed by Benjamin Franklin that sought to unite the 13 colonies for trade, military, and other purposes; the plan was turned down by the colonies & the Crown. |  | 24 |
| 15201773188 | Battle of Quebec (1759) | Historic British victory over French forces. The surrender of the French marked the beginning of the end of French rule in North America. |  | 25 |
| 15201773189 | loyalists | colonists who remained loyal to the British Empire in the years leading up to and during the Revolutionary War | 26 | |
| 15201773190 | Treaty of Paris (1763) | Ended French and Indian War; France lost Canada and all land east of the Mississippi to the British. |  | 27 |
| 15201773191 | Proclamation Line of 1763 | British limit for colonial American settlements; Nothing west of the Appalachian mountains allowed. |  | 28 |
| 15201773192 | Pontiac's Rebellion (1763) | An Indian uprising after the French and Indian War, led by an Ottowa chief; They opposed British expansion into the western Ohio Valley and began destroying British forts in the area. |  | 29 |
| 15201773193 | patriots | Colonists who rebelled against the British Empire, seeking reprieve for unfair British treatment of the colonies or independence from the British Empire | 30 | |
| 15201773194 | French Revolution (1789) | Reacting to the oppressive aristocracy, the middle and lower classes overthrew the king. Inspired by America's independence from England and Enlightenment ideas. One of the major issues of the Washington and Adams administrations, though Jefferson supported it until the "Reign of Terror". |  | 31 |
| 15201773195 | British Redcoats | Soldiers sent to America to fight with the Loyalists against the Patriots during the Revolutionary War. A professional fighting force, in contrast with the "minutemen" who composed the American militia. |  | 32 |
| 15201773196 | Hessians | German mercenary soldiers hired by George III to smash Colonial rebellion; That the king would involve hired foreigners sparked outrage among the patriots, further alienating them from the British. | 33 | |
| 15201773197 | social effects of the Revolution | More emphasis on equality; Antislavery and emancipation movements; Greater importance for women in political culture. | 34 | |
| 15201773198 | civic virtue | Willingness on the part of citizens to sacrifice personal self-interest for the public good. Deemed a necessary component of a successful republic. | 35 | |
| 15201773199 | Common Sense (1775) | A pamphlet written by Thomas Paine that claimed the colonies had a right to be independent. He claimed that monarchy was bad government, no island should rule a continent, and that economic self-interest of Britain was not in economic interest of the colonists. | 36 | |
| 15201773200 | Olive Branch Petition | petition adopted by the 2nd Continental Congress on July 5, 1775 to prevent an armed conflict between the Thirteen Congress and Great Britain; Ignored by the king. | 37 | |
| 15201773201 | Continental Congress | a convention of delegates from the Thirteen Colonies which met from 1775 to 1781 | 38 | |
| 15201773202 | Continental Army | Army formed in 1775 by the Second Continental Congress and led by General George Washington to fight the Revolutionary War. |  | 39 |
| 15201773203 | republican motherhood | Ideal of family organization and female behavior after the American Revolution that stressed the role of women in guiding family members toward civic virtue. | 40 | |
| 15201773204 | Thomas Paine | Author of Common Sense |  | 41 |
| 15201773205 | state constitutions | Rules for individual state governments. Replaced colonial charters after they declared independence. Most called for bicameral legislature and a governor. Property or tax requirements were usually prerequisites for voting. | 42 | |
| 15201773206 | Haitian Revolution (1791) | An anti-colonial slave revolt led by Toussaint Louverture; Inspired by the American Revolution and Enlightenment ideas. |  | 43 |
| 15201773207 | Valley Forge | Place where Washington's army spent the winter of 1777-1778; 1/4 of troops died here from disease and malnutrition, Baron von Steuben along with Marquis de Lafayette comes and train troops and turn the army into a professionally trained army. |  | 44 |
| 15201773208 | Declaration of Independence (1776) | Statement issued by the Second Continental Congress, explaining why the colonies were to secede from the British Empire |  | 45 |
| 15201773209 | Thomas Jefferson | Delegate from Virginia at the Second Continental Congress and author of the Declaration of Independence. Leading member of the Democrat-Republicans; Third US President (1801-1809) Democrat-Republican); Orchestrated what he called the "Revolution of 1800". |  | 46 |
| 15201773210 | Saratoga (1777) | A battle that took place in New York where the Continental Army defeated the British; A turning point of the war; Convinced France to openly support the colonies with military forces. | 47 | |
| 15201773211 | Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom (1786) | Authored by Thomas Jefferson and passed by the Virginia General Assembly; A statement about both freedom of conscience and the principle of separation of church and state; The forerunner of the first amendment (Constitution) protections for religious freedom. | 48 | |
| 15201773212 | executive power | The power to enforce and administer law; In the US exercised by the President. |  | 49 |
| 15201773213 | Articles of Confederation (1781) | First American constitution that established the United States as a loose confederation of states under a weak national Congress, which was not granted the power to regulate commerce or collect taxes; Replaced by a more efficient Constitution in 1789. | 50 | |
| 15201773214 | legislature | A group of people who have the power to make laws; E.g. US Congress, UK Parliament. | 51 | |
| 15201773215 | legislative power | the power to make laws; In the US exercised by Congress. |  | 52 |
| 15201773216 | judicial power | the power to interpret laws and judge whether a law has been broken; In the US exercised by the Supreme Court. |  | 53 |
| 15201773217 | Northwest Territory | lands northwest of the Appalachians, covered by the Land Ordinance of 1785 |  | 54 |
| 15201773218 | Yorktown (1781) | Final battle of the revolution, resulting in British surrender. |  | 55 |
| 15201773219 | Northwest Ordinances (1780s) | Enacted by Congress to admit new states as settlers moved westward after independence; Promoted public education, the protection of private property, and a ban on slavery in the new territory. |  | 56 |
| 15201773220 | new states admitted to the union by the Northwest Ordinance | Ohio, Michigan, Indiana, Illinois, Wisconsin | 57 | |
| 15201773221 | Treaty of Paris (1783) | Ended the Revolutionary War; Recognized the independence of the American colonies and gave favorable terms to the Americans. |  | 58 |
| 15201773222 | Constitutional Convention (1787) | Delegates from the states participated, and through negotiation, collaboration, and compromise proposed a constitution that created a limited but dynamic central government embodying federalism and providing for a separation of powers between its three branches. |  | 59 |
| 15201773223 | John Adams | A Boston lawyer and patriot; Edited the Declaration of Independence; Ambassador to France and Britain; 2nd president of the United States (1787-1801, Federalist) |  | 60 |
| 15201773224 | U.S. Constitution (1787) | Replaced the Articles of Confederation and established a stronger national government. Established (1) federalism, (2) separation of powers, (3) checks and balances, (4) Bill of Rights. | 61 | |
| 15201773225 | Shays Rebellion (1786) | Led by farmers and revolutionary war veterans in western Massachusetts who protested perceived economic and civil rights injustices; Highlighted the need for a strong national government and a reform of the Articles of Confederation. |  | 62 |
| 15201773226 | Virginia Plan | AKA "Large state plan"; During ratification debate of the US Constitution, this proposal called for proportional representation in both houses of a bicameral Congress favoring larger states. | 63 | |
| 15201773227 | debate over ratifying the Constitution | Anti-Federalists opposing ratification battled with Federalists, whose principals were articulated in the Federalist Papers (primarily written by Alexander Hamilton and James Madison). Federalists ensured the ratification of the Constitution by promising the addition of a Bill of Rights that enumerated individual rights and explicitly restricted the powers of the federal government. | 64 | |
| 15201773228 | New Jersey Plan | AKA "Small state plan"; A constitutional proposal that would have given each state one vote in a new congress. | 65 | |
| 15201773229 | slavery compromises | Concessions given to slave states during the Constitutional Convention: (1) Three-fifths compromise, (2) slave trade compromise, (3) fugitive slave clause. |  | 66 |
| 15201773230 | Abigail Adams | Wife of John Adams (2nd president) and mother of John Quincy Adams (6th president); As First Lady, she set standards of republican motherhood; Implored her husband to "Remember the Ladies" as increased awareness of inequalities in society came to attention during and after the Revolution. |  | 67 |
| 15201773231 | Neutrality Proclamation (1793) | Issued by George Washington about the escalating conflict between England and France following the French Revolution; Enraged pro-French Jeffersonians. | 68 | |
| 15201773232 | Federalists | Proponents of the 1787 Constitution, they favored a strong national government, arguing that the checks and balances in the new Constitution would safeguard the people's liberties; Their principles were articulated in the Federalist Papers (primarily written by Alexander Hamilton and James Madison). | 69 | |
| 15201773233 | federalism | A system in which power is shared between the national and state governments | 70 | |
| 15201773234 | Anti-Federalists | Opponents of the 1787 Constitution, they favored strong state power to protect individual rights; A compromise was granted to them in the form of the Bill of Rights that enumerated individual rights and restricted the powers of the federal government. | 71 | |
| 15201773235 | Jay's Treaty (1794) | It was signed in the hopes of settling the growing conflicts between the U.S. and Britain. It dealt with the Northwest posts and trade on the Mississippi River. It was unpopular with most Americans because it did not punish Britain for the attacks on neutral American ships. It was particularly unpopular with France, because the U.S. also accepted the British restrictions on the rights of neutrals. | 72 | |
| 15201773236 | separation of powers | Constitutional division of powers among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches, with the legislative branch making law, the executive applying and enforcing the law, and the judiciary interpreting the law |  | 73 |
| 15201773237 | XYZ Affair (1798) | French officials demanded a bribe from U.S. diplomats | 74 | |
| 15201773238 | Federalist Papers | A collection of 85 articles written by Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison under the name "Publius" to defend the Constitution in detail. | 75 | |
| 15201773239 | checks and balances | Principle established in the Constitution in which each of the three branches of government is given certain powers to compete and override other branches in an attempt to prevent one branch from becoming too powerful. |  | 76 |
| 15201773240 | Bill of Rights (1791) | First ten amendments to the US Constitution; Enumerated individual rights and explicitly restricted the powers of the federal government. | 77 | |
| 15201773241 | Judiciary Act of 1789 | Organized the federal legal system, establishing the Supreme Court, federal district and circuit courts, and the office of the attorney general. | 78 | |
| 15201773242 | ratification | the action of signing or giving formal consent to a treaty, contract, or agreement, making it officially valid; E.g. U.S. Constitution. | 79 | |
| 15201773243 | Supreme Court Justices | 9 judges who serve lifetime appointments, nominated by the president, approved by the Senate | 80 | |
| 15201773244 | James Madison | "Father of the Constitution," Federalist leader and author of the Federalist Papers, fourth President of the United States (1809-1817, Democrat-Republican) |  | 81 |
| 15201773245 | Hamilton's financial plan | During Washington's administration; The government would take the debt of the nations and the states debt, make a national bank, and tax higher (which was the only one that did not pass thru congress) |  | 82 |
| 15201773246 | Alexander Hamilton | (1789-1795) Federalist leader and author of the Federalist Papers; As first Secretary of the Treasury under President Washington he advocated creation of a national bank, assumption of state debts by the federal government, and a tariff system to pay off the national debt. |  | 83 |
| 15201773247 | tariff | a tax on imported goods usually reserved for regulating trade with foreign countries or protecting domestic industries | 84 | |
| 15201773248 | national bank | Chartered 1791; Part of Hamilton's financial plan; Opposed by Democrat-Republicans. |  | 85 |
| 15201773249 | Washington administration (1789-1797) | Formation of the first parties; Hamilton's financial plan enacted; Whisky rebellion; Farewell Address. | | 86 |
| 15201773250 | Washington's Farewell Address (1796) | Encouraged national unity; cautioned against political factions; warned about the danger of permanent foreign alliances | 87 | |
| 15201773251 | Adams administration (1797-1801) | Alien and Sedition Acts; Move of federal capital to Washington, D.C.; XYZ Affair; Quasi War with France (but avoided!); "midnight appointments" of federalist judges |  | 88 |
| 15201773252 | Alien and Sedition Acts (1798) | Laws passed by Federalists under Adams giving the government power to imprison or deport foreign citizens and prosecute critics of the government; passed by Adams in response to Jeffersonian/Democratic-Republican criticism of his policies | 89 | |
| 15201773253 | Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions (1798) | Political declarations in favor of states' rights, written by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison, in opposition to the Alien and Sedition acts. Introduced the controversial theory of nullification wherein individual states could nullify federal legislation they regarded as unconstitutional. | 90 | |
| 15201773254 | states rights | the right of states to limit the power of the federal government | 91 | |
| 15201773255 | nullification | The doctrine that a state can declare null and void a federal law that, in the state's opinion, violates the Constitution. | 92 | |
| 15201773256 | Federalist Party | Called for a strong national government that promoted economic growth and fostered friendly relationships with Great Britain, as well as opposition to revolutionary France; Notable figures: Washington, John Adams, Alexander Hamilton. | 93 | |
| 15201773257 | Democratic-Republican Party | Faction that advocated limited federal power in exchange for stronger states power; Opposed Hamilton's financial plan and National Bank; Opposed relations with Great Britain and advocated supporting revolutionary France. Notable figures: Jefferson, Madison. | 94 | |
| 15201773258 | first party system | Political leaders in the 1790s took a variety of positions on issues such as the relationship between the national government and the states, economic policy, foreign policy, and the balance between liberty and order. This led to the formation of political parties — most significantly the Federalists, led by Alexander Hamilton, and the Democratic-Republican Party, led by Thomas Jefferson and James Madison. | 95 | |
| 15201773259 | Whiskey Rebellion (1794) | Farmers in Pennsylvania rebelled against Hamilton's excise tax on whiskey; Washington puts down rebellion; Showed that the new government under the Constitution could react swiftly and effectively to such a problem, in contrast to the inability of the government under the Articles of Confederation to deal with Shay's Rebellion. |  | 96 |
| 15201773260 | Washington, D.C. | Established as the federal capital 1790. Formed from land donated by the states of Maryland and Virginia. |  | 97 |
World War I-AP Flashcards
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| 8891888564 | Issues leading to WWI | -The rise of militarism upset the balance of power in Europe -Political interference in the unstable Balkan Peninsula increased tensions in Europe -Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire aligned against France, Russia, and Great Britain | 0 | |
| 8891896533 | Role of Tanks at the end of the war. | Lead infantry advances across no-man's-land and break the stalemate of trench warfare | 1 | |
| 8891901518 | Treaty of Versailles | -Germany had to accept blame for causing the war in Europe -Germany was required to pay war reparations to European nations -Germany had to disarm and reduce its military forces and give up its colonies | 2 | |
| 8891907262 | Reason to not join the League of Nations | Would potentially get us into more wars and could cause use to lose some of our ability to make our own decisions. | 3 | |
| 8891919886 | Espionage Act | set up consequences for those who aided the enemy and potential spies during World War I? | 4 | |
| 8891928517 | Wilson's 1916 Election Slogan | "We kept us out of war" | 5 | |
| 8891943529 | Zimmerman Telegram | outlined the German plan for an attack on the United States by Mexico | 6 | |
| 8891947514 | U.S. goal in WWI | "To make the world safe for democracy" | 7 | |
| 8891954533 | The Committee on Public Information | was a government agency that sought to shape public opinion | 8 | |
| 8891967721 | Jeanette Rankin | first women elected to Congress, opposed U.S. involvement in WWI. | 9 | |
| 8891988755 | National Women's Party | organization that was a part of a new, more militant generation of college-educated activists | 10 | |
| 8891996284 | 19th Amendment | granted women the right to vote, forbade discrimination in voting because of sex. | 11 | |
| 8892003453 | 18th Amendment | prohibited the manufacture and sale of alcoholic beverages | 12 | |
| 8892009215 | Americanization | refers to the process of assimilation | 13 | |
| 8892037348 | The Great Migration | blacks moving from the South to the North | 14 | |
| 8892043979 | The Red Scare. | was an intense period of political intolerance inspired by labor strikes and fears of the Russian Revolution | 15 | |
| 8892026753 | Declaration of Principles | adopted by W. E. B. DuBois' Niagara Movement, called for immediate political and economic equality. | 16 |
Flashcards
ap human Flashcards
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| 14805131517 | Peters Projection |  | 0 | |
| 14805138984 | Mercator Projection |  | 1 | |
| 14805146372 | conic projection |  | 2 | |
| 14805154773 | thematic map |  | 3 | |
| 14805161570 | reference map |  | 4 | |
| 14805165119 | Dot Map |  | 5 | |
| 14805169740 | Robinson Projection |  | 6 | |
| 14805174511 | cartogram |  | 7 | |
| 14805179068 | Chloropleth Map |  | 8 | |
| 14810073966 | vgi | volunteered geographic information | 9 | |
| 14810073967 | Mashup | a map that overlays data from one source on top of a map provided by a mapping service | 10 | |
| 14810082970 | ratio, graphic, and written | what three ways are map scales presented | 11 | |
| 14810087641 | ratio | the numerical ratio between distances on the map and and earth's surface | 12 | |
| 14810096688 | Written map scale | describes the relationship between map and Earth distances in words | 13 | |
| 14810098961 | graphic map scale | consists of a bar line marked to show the distance on earths surface |  | 14 |
| 14810122908 | shape, distance, relative size, direction | Four types of distortion | 15 | |
| 14810126614 | Satellites, Tracking stations, a receiver | What three elements does the GPS in the US include? | 16 | |
| 14810126615 | Geotagging | identification and storage of a piece of information by its precise latitude and longitude coordinates | 17 | |
| 14810130402 | GIScience | The development and analysis of data about Earth acquired through satellite and other electronic information technologies | 18 | |
| 14810138978 | geographic grid | a system of imaginary arcs drawn in a grid pattern on Earth's surface |  | 19 |
| 14810153133 | Isoline Map |  | 20 | |
| 14810157876 | graduated symbol map |  | 21 | |
| 14810165128 | location, region, place, movement, and human-environment interaction | five themes of geography | 22 | |
| 14810170525 | uniform region | formal region | 23 | |
| 14810183615 | vernacular region | perceptual region | 24 | |
| 14810186807 | functional region | nodal region | 25 | |
| 14810193207 | Human Environment Interaction | the study of the interrelationship between people and their physical environment | 26 | |
| 14810280348 | tracking station | monitors satellites | 27 | |
| 14810283124 | receiver | locates up to four satellites, figures distance to each, and pinpoints its own location | 28 | |
| 14810726015 | Cartographic Scale | refers to the way the map communicates the ratio of its size to the size of what it represents | 29 | |
| 14810726016 | Geographic Scale | scale of analysis | 30 | |
| 14810802589 | Geography | study of the earth's surface | 31 | |
| 14810802590 | Human Geography | The study of where and why human activities are located where they are | 32 |
AP World Period 3 Flashcards
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| 14837636613 | Trans -Saharan Trade | Trade of goods through the Sahara dessert Goods: Salt, gold, animal hides, slaves Important points: Timbuktu, Goa,Djenne |  | 0 |
| 14837636614 | Islam | Monotheistic religion created in the 7th century by Arabic merchant, Muhammed |  | 1 |
| 14837636615 | Caliphate | A regional state unified by Islam |  | 2 |
| 14837636616 | Crusades | A series of Christian vs Muslim military campaigns for the "holy land" |  | 3 |
| 14837636617 | Dar-al-Islam | territory of Islam-controlled gov. |  | 4 |
| 14837636618 | Byzantine Empire | Eastern Roman empire extending to the Eastern Mediterranean and Southwest Asia |  | 5 |
| 14837636620 | Mongols | nomadic invaders that conquered Eurasia with force and diplomacy |  | 6 |
| 14837636622 | Maya | MesoAmerican civilization that had pyramids, large cities, a written system, and complex society |  | 7 |
| 14837636623 | Coerced labor | slavery, serfdom, corvee (government-recquired labor on public works projects), and indentured servitude |  | 8 |
| 14837636624 | Feudalism | Agricultural workers serving landowners or lords (knights and samurai) |  | 9 |
| 14837636625 | Zheng He | Ming explorer that crossed the Indian Ocean |  | 10 |
| 14837636626 |  | 11 | ||
| 14837636627 | Chinese Inventions | gunpowder, compass, paper, astrolabe |  | 12 |
| 14837636631 | Indian Ocean trade | trade between Arab, Persian, Turkish, Indian, African, Chinese, and Europe merchants |  | 13 |
| 14837636633 | Grand Canal | an inland waterway 1000 miles long in eastern China |  | 14 |
| 14837636645 | hajj | A pilgrimage to Mecca, performed as a duty by Muslims |  | 15 |
| 14837636652 | Chinampas | Aztec floating gardens |  | 16 |
| 14837636655 | Khanates | Four regional Mongol kingdoms that arose following the death of Chinggis Khan. | 17 | |
| 14837787620 | Astrolabe | An instrument used by sailors to determine their location by observing the position of the stars and planets | 18 | |
| 14837880764 | gentry | A general term for a class of prosperous families, sometimes including but often ranked below the rural aristocrats. | 19 | |
| 14837881902 | nomadic pastoralism | a form of pastoralism in which the whole social group (men, women, children) and their animals move in search of pasture | 20 | |
| 14837882840 | Ulama | Muslim religious scholars. From the ninth century onward, the primary interpreters of Islamic law and the social core of Muslim urban societies. (p. 238) | 21 | |
| 14837885581 | sultan | Muslim ruler | 22 | |
| 14837886404 | Sufi | The branch of Islam that believes in a more mystical connection with Allah. | 23 | |
| 14837890510 | Southernization | Developments that were first made in Southern Asia and then spread to other places through trade and conquest | 24 | |
| 14837892362 | Serfs/Peasants | Workers who were tied to the land on which they lived | 25 | |
| 14837894687 | nomadic pastoralism | a form of pastoralism in which the whole social group (men, women, children) and their animals move in search of pasture | 26 | |
| 14837896314 | Neo-Confucianism | term that describes the resurgence of Confucianism and the influence of Confucian scholars during the T'ang Dynasty; a unification of Daoist or Buddhist metaphysics with Confucian pragmatism | 27 | |
| 14837900781 | Little Ice Age | A century-long period of cool climate that began in the 1590s. Its ill effects on agriculture in northern Europe were notable. | 28 | |
| 14837901528 | Kow Tow | to kneel, touch the head to the ground in expression of deep respect worship or submission | 29 | |
| 14837913531 | Griot | A West African storyteller | 30 | |
| 14837914542 | Great Schism | the official split between the Roman Catholic and Byzantine churches that occurred in 1054 | 31 | |
| 14837922527 | Free peasant agriculture | a type of peasant agriculture where free pesants can sell whatever they grow, but were not protected by land owners. | 32 | |
| 14837923746 | Entrepot | Big commercial center for importing and exporting commodities. | 33 | |
| 14837925005 | Daimyo | A Japanese feudal lord who commanded a private army of samurai | 34 | |
| 14837926411 | craft production | the process of handcrafting products or services for individual customers | 35 | |
| 14837929539 | Bushido v. Chivalry | Bushido is a code of honor for the samurai and Chivalry is a code of honor for the knights | 36 | |
| 14837931426 | Aztecs | Also known as Mexica, they created a powerful empire in central Mexico (1325-1521 C.E.). They forced defeated peoples to provide goods and labor as a tax. | 37 | |
| 14837932957 | Polynesian Migrations | Movement of peoples in the Pacific which populated many islands; spread knowledge of agriculture | 38 | |
| 14837934041 | Bantu Migration | The movement of the Bantu peoples southward throughout Africa, spreading their language and culture, from around 500 b.c. to around A.D 1000 SWAHILI | 39 | |
| 14837936599 | Inca road system | system of runners; good for communication, trade, and moving troops | 40 | |
| 14837938275 | compass | an instrument containing a magnetized pointer that shows the direction of magnetic north and bearings from it. | 41 | |
| 14837939536 | Caravans | groups of traveling merchants | 42 |
AP Literature Vocabulary List 1 Flashcards
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| 10696534720 | Aplomb | Great poise, imperturbable self-possession, confident composure or self-assurance, coolness under strain. |  | 0 |
| 10696552706 | Acquiesce | To agree, to favor, go along with, to accept, comply, or submit tacitly or passively, consent without protest. |  | 1 |
| 10696568050 | Enjoin | Direct or order someone to do something, to prohibit or forbid. |  | 2 |
| 10696579208 | Bedizen | Ornament or adorn in a showy, gaudy, vulgar manner, decorate tastelessly or garishly. |  | 3 |
| 10696596793 | Cohort | Companion, associate; a group of warriors or soldiers, defined population. |  | 4 |
| 10696606079 | Caliber | Degree of merit, competence, or importance; degree of mental capacity, degree of excellence and worth. |  | 5 |
| 10696618255 | Assuage | Appease, satisfy, to ease, to pacify, make less intense or secure, cause to be favorably inclined, calm. |  | 6 |
| 10696628891 | Effusive | Unduly, demonstrative, pouring out, overflowing, unrestrained in emotion. |  | 7 |
| 10696638572 | Candid | Frank, outspoken, sincere; free from basis, prejudice, or malice, impartial, straight forward and open, un-posed photo. |  | 8 |
| 10696658581 | Credulity | Gullibility, readiness to believe without proper evidence. |  | 9 |
| 10696670776 | Dilatory | Delaying, procrastinating, tardy, slow, postpone, inclined to waste time. |  | 10 |
| 10696679472 | Elation | Great joy or gladness, high spirits; a non-explosive outpouring, make proud, intense pleasure. |  | 11 |
| 10696698197 | Captious | Fault-finding, exaggerating trivial defects; calculated to confuse an argument, intended to entrap or confuse. |  | 12 |
| 10696710636 | Abnegation | Self-denial, rejection, a restraint or limitation of one's own desires or interests in favor of the interest of others. |  | 13 |
| 10696747732 | Explicate | To explain, interpret, unfold, make plain, to develop theory or principle; give a detailed explanation of, make clear. |  | 14 |
| 10696764448 | Cupidity | Greed, avarice, lust for wealth, and excessive desire. |  | 15 |
| 10696779828 | Acumen | Superior mental qualities, keen insight, keenness and depth of perception discernment, quickness and accuracy. |  | 16 |
| 10696799670 | Charlatan | Quack, imposter, fraud, a person fraudulently claiming knowledge without actually possessing the skills. |  | 17 |
| 10696811487 | Acrimony | Sharp animosity, harshness, or bitterness of nature, speech, or deposition. |  | 18 |
| 10696820419 | Bucolic | Pastoral, idyllically rural, countrified; of or relating to shapers or herdsmen, rustic, country-like. |  | 19 |
Flashcards
Unit 4, AP World History Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 16142421833 | Akbar I | Theme: GOV Social- orange Political- red Interactions- green Cultural- yellow Economic- blue Date: 1542-1605 Location: South Asia- Purple Facts (2): Created The Divine Faith Mughul Empire | 0 | |
| 16142422567 | Amerindian | Theme: CDI Social- orange Interactions- green Cultural- yellow Economic- blue Date: travelled from Asia to North America around 30,000-12,000 years ago on land bridge Location: North America- Black Latin America- Grey Facts (2): member of indigenous people of the Americans pre-columbian people of north, central, and south america | 1 | |
| 16142423690 | Ashanti Empire | Theme: GOV Interactions- green Cultural- yellow Economic- blue Date: late 17th century - current? Location: Africa- Yellow Facts (2): Akan Empire Modern Day Ghana supplied slaves to British and Dutch traders on the coast | 2 | |
| 16142427478 | Atlantic system | Theme: ECN Social- orange Political- red Interactions- green Cultural- yellow Economic- blue Date: 16th - 19th century Location: Europe- Red Africa- Yellow North America- Black Latin America- Grey Facts (2): Trade network that allowed movement of goods, people, cultures, etc. across the Atlantic Ocean Basin known as the triangular trade? | 3 | |
| 16142429925 | Babur | Theme: GOV Social- orange Political- red Interactions- green Cultural- yellow Date: 1483-1530 Location: South Asia- Purple Facts (2): First Emperor of the Mughul Empire Grandson was Akbar | 4 | |
| 16142431357 | British Empire | Theme: GOV Social- orange Political- red Interactions- green Cultural- yellow Economic- blue Date: 12th century/1490s/1600s (beginning date disputed) - 1960s (most colonies independently ruling themselves) Location: Oceania- Blue Europe- Red North America- Black (13 colonies) South Asia- Purple Facts (2): large maritime power during 1450-1750 set up many trading posts and slave labor sites | 5 | |
| 16142435302 | caravel | Theme: TEC Social- orange Political- red Interactions- green Cultural- yellow Economic- blue Date: 15th - 17th century Location: Europe- Red Facts (2): small ship used by Portuguese use lateen sail (maritime technology) | 6 | |
| 16142436330 | Carrack | Theme: TEC Social- orange Political- red Interactions- green Cultural- yellow Economic- blue Date: 14th - 17th century Location: Europe- Red Facts (2):Ship used square and lateen sails use by merchant ships of Mediterranean powers. Precursor of the galleon. | 7 | |
| 16142437473 | cash crops | Theme: ECN Economic- blue Date: 17th century - current? Location: Europe- Red Africa- Yellow North America- Black Latin America- Grey Facts (2): Crops grown for commercial value rather than for use by the farmer. Sugar and tobacco (cash crops). | 8 | |
| 16142443046 | Catholic Reformation | Theme: CDI Social- orange Political- red Interactions- green Cultural- yellow Date: 1545 - end of 16th century Location: Europe- Red Facts (2): Reformation by Roman Catholicism to counter growth of Protestantism Followed after the spread of Protestantism | 9 | |
| 16142444623 | Charter Company | Theme: ECN Political- red Economic- blue Date: second half of 16th century (greatest increase in chartered company use) - current (some of the oldest ones still exist ex. Hudson's Bay Company) Location: Europe- Red Facts (2): group formed by investors and stockholders for trade, exploration, and colonization The East India Trading Company was a charter company | 10 | |
| 16142445609 | Chattel Slavery | Theme: ECN Social- orange Political- red Interactions- green Cultural- yellow Economic- blue Date: 1619 - 1865 Location: Africa- Yellow North America- Black Latin America- Grey Facts (2): also known as traditional slavery chattel = personal property people are treated as personal property of the owner and are bought and sold. | 11 | |
| 16142448233 | Civil Service Exam | Theme: SIO Cultural- yellow Social- orange Political- red Date: 581 CE - 1905 CE Location: East Asia- Orange Facts (2): Chinese system used to appoint the most studious and learned people as bureaucrats supported Confucian ideology and classics | 12 | |
| 16142449405 | Columbian Exchange | Theme: ECN Social- orange Political- red Interactions- green Cultural- yellow Economic- blue Date: 1492 (Columbus discovery) - late 1700s Location: Europe- Red Africa- Yellow North America- Black Latin America- Grey Facts (2): also known as Columbian Interchange transfer of plants, animals, cultures, and human populations between the New and Old world (Americas, Europe, and West Africa) | 13 | |
| 16142451492 | Cossacks | Theme: SIO Social- orange Political- red Interactions- green Cultural- yellow Date: 14/15th century - current Location: Europe- Red? (Russia) Facts (2): people of Russian empire that lived outside of the farming villages they led conquest of Siberia in 16th and 17th centuries | 14 | |
| 16142452469 | creole | Theme: SIO Location: North America- Black Latin America- Grey Social- orange Political- red Interactions- green Cultural- yellow Date: especially 18th century Facts (2): any person from African/European (often France/Spanish) descent who has been born in the West Indies/Carribean term varies from region to region (in Spanish colonial America) they were legally equal to Spaniards, but were discriminated against | 15 | |
| 16142453789 | daimyo | Theme: GOV Location: East Asia- Orange Social- orange Political- red Cultural- yellow Date: ended in 1868 Facts (2): Feudal lords in Japan Samurai worked for them Vassals for shoguns | 16 | |
| 16142456397 | devshirme | Theme: SIO Central Asia- Brown Middle East- Pink Europe- Red Africa- Yellow Social- orange Political- red Cultural- yellow Date: late 14th century Facts (2): Christian boys were recruited to be serve the Ottoman Empire Janissaries were a part of them | 17 | |
| 16142457697 | divine right | Theme: GOV Southeast Asia- Green East Asia- Orange South Asia- Purple Europe- Red Africa- Yellow Middle East- Pink- Mesopotamia (precursor to divine right) Social- orange Political- red Cultural- yellow Date: in europe from 16th to 18th centuries Facts (2): idea that a divine figure gives a monarch the right to rule has been used throughout history Emerged in Europe in high middle ages/renaissance times King is not subject to church or people; only God | 18 | |
| 16142457698 | Dutch Empire | Theme: SIO Oceania- Blue Southeast Asia- Green East Asia- Orange South Asia- Purple Europe- Red Africa- Yellow North America- Black Latin America- Grey Social- orange Political- red Interactions- green Cultural- yellow Economic- blue Date: Location: Facts (2): A joint stock company they made was called the VOC (The Dutch East India Company) They were from the Netherlands | 19 | |
| 16142460601 | encomienda | Theme: ECN Europe- Red North America- Black Latin America- Grey Oceania- Blue Social- orange Political- red Economic- blue Date: legally defined in 1503 (in Americas) Facts (2): Use by Spanish conquistadors first on the Moorish people in the reconquista, then in the Caribbean, then in Mexico and Peru Forced natives work and give tribute in exchange for "help" Also used in the Philippines in 1570 | 20 | |
| 16142465566 | English Civil War | Theme: GOV Europe- Red Social- orange Political- red Economic- blue Date: 1642-1651 Facts (2): over how England was governed A series of political machinations and civil wars between Parliamentarians ("Roundheads") and Royalists ("Cavaliers") | 21 | |
| 16142466126 | European nobility | Theme: SIO Europe- Red Social- orange Political- red Economic- blue Date: originated in Middle ages with the feudal system Facts (2): Consisted of someone who held land under vassalage in exchange of military services to a nobleman or monarch Generally very wealthy | 22 | |
| 16142470053 | Ferdinand Magellan | Theme: CDI Oceania- Blue Southeast Asia- Green Europe- Red Latin America- Grey Social- orange Political- red Cultural- yellow Economic- blue Date: 1480-1521 Facts (2): started circumnavigation Juan Sebastian Elcano completed the circumnavigation because Magellan died in the Philippines Portugues explorer who organized a Spanish expedition that resulted in circumnavigation | 23 | |
| 16142470602 | fluyt | Theme: ECN Europe- Red Political- red Economic- blue Date: 17th century Facts (2): Dutch cargo vessel designed to carry as much cargo as possible | 24 | |
| 16142472293 | Manchu | Theme: GOV Southeast Asia- Green East Asia- Orange Social- orange Political- red Cultural- yellow Economic- blue Date: Qing Dynasty from 1636-1912 Facts (2): From steppes Made Qing dynasty in china Treated Chinese as inferior people | 25 | |
| 16142473389 | French Empire aka the First French Empire | Theme: GOV Europe- Red Social- orange Political- red Cultural- yellow Economic- blue Date: 1804-1815 Facts (2): Rule of Napoleon the I and II Napoleonic Wars occurred House of Bourbon succeed the First French Empire Second Frech empire started with the rule of Napoleon III (1852-1870) | 26 | |
| 16142488874 | hacienda | Theme: ECN North America- Black Latin America- Grey Social- orange Political- red Interactions- green Cultural- yellow Economic- blue Date: Survived until late 20th century Facts (2): Large estates used for the production of foodstuff and crafts In mexico and peru because of the Spainsih conquistadors needed laborers so they used encomienda and debt peonage | 27 | |
| 16142488873 | gentry | Theme: SIO Europe- Red Social- orange Cultural- yellow Date: started in 14th century Facts (2): "well born" people (specifically in the UK) One step below nobility | 28 | |
| 16142492203 | human sacrifice | Theme: CDI East Asia- Orange Middle East- Pink Africa- Yellow North America- Black Latin America- Grey Social- orange Political- red Cultural- yellow Date: Aztecs started it at around 15th century Location: Facts (2): Many cultures did it but the Aztecs and Inca we most prominent Aztecs and Incas (mainly Aztecs) did this to please their gods and the sacrifices were often prisoners | 29 | |
| 16142494564 | Humanists | Theme: CDI, SIO Location: Europe-red Social- orange Cultural- yellow Date: 1304 Facts (2): They revived Greek and Roman styles as well as studying them. They believed human nature was good and focuses on human values and morals. It was a big part of the renaissance especially in their art | 30 | |
| 16142499833 | Indentured Servitude | Theme: SIO, ECN Location- North America- Black Social- orange Interactions- green Economic- blue Date: 1607 Facts (2): This was when a person would contract a certain amount of time to work for a person and at the end of the time freedom was given It first started in the settlement Jamestown by the Virginia Company as a need for cheap labor | 31 | |
| 16142505866 | John Locke | Theme: TEC Location: Europe- Red Social- orange Date: 1632- 1704 Facts (2): he was a philosopher, academic, and medical researcher He wrote, Essay Concerning Human Understanding and looked to understand the human mind.He helped greatly to start the scientific revolution and liberalism | 32 | |
| 16142499836 | indulgences | Theme: CDI Location: Europe- Red Social- orange Cultural- yellow Economic- blue Date:1095-1567 Facts (2): It was a thing in the catholic church were you could bye salvation by paying money for your sins It first started in the crusades and those who went to the crusades were saved and those who couldn't would pay money to be saved. later the money was used in the church to rebuild things like the St. Peter's Basilica in Rome | 33 | |
| 16142505311 | Janissaries | Theme: SIO Location: Middle East- Pink Europe- Red Social- orange Political- red Cultural- yellow Date: 1363- 1826 Facts (2): They built up the Ottoman empire's infantry and were the first modern standing army in Europe. The soldiers were built up of christian captives that were forced to convert to Islam but they were treated well and trusted by the sultan. | 34 | |
| 16142507846 | joint-stock company | Theme: ECN Location: Europe- Red North America- Black Latin America- Grey Political- red Interactions- green Economic- blue Date: 1606 Facts (2): Joint stock companies are still used today and are where someone invests money into your company and then gets some of your profit. This was very helpful in colonizing the new world because without it leaders were very unwilling to give money to colonize | 35 | |
| 16142509614 | Kabuki | Theme: CDI Location: East Asia- Orange Social- orange Cultural- yellow Date: 1603 Facts (2): This was a new style of theatrical drama in Japan were the actors would often address the audience and the audience would leave and go at anytime and even shout out actors names It started as women dancing but soon women were banned from it and it became only a male thing. | 36 | |
| 16142514534 | Little Ice Age | Theme: ENV Location: Primarily North Hemisphere also other places Oceania- Blue East Asia- Orange Europe- Red North America- Black Latin America- Grey Political- red Interactions- green Economic- blue Date: 1300-1850 Facts (2): Volcanic eruptions caused many chilled summers. 1.great famine --> lowered immune systems of humans --> allowed rats to flourish and the balck plague. 2. cold dry weather in China -->people unable to pay taxes --> Manchurian invaders. 3. balmed witches on the weather -->witch hunts. 4.civil discontent → 13 yr war. | 37 | |
| 16142517862 | Louis XIV | Theme: GOV Location: Europe- Red Political- red Economic- blue Date:1638-1715 Facts (2): He was the longest ruling king of France (and longest in know in Europe) He brought France to its peak by centralizing his power and declaring divine right to rule. He also expanded the kingdom. | 38 | |
| 16142518903 | Mancus | Theme: ECN Location:Europe- Red Economic- blue Date: 9th-11th centuries Facts (2): It was a gold coin weighing 4.25g worth 30 silver pence and were very valuable They were one of the few coins known from that time. | 39 | |
| 16142519655 | Maria Theresa | Theme: GOV Location:(Austria) Europe- Red Political- red Interactions- green Economic- blue Date: 1717-1780 Facts (2): She succeeded to the Habsburg throne only because her father reformed the law keeping daughters from inheriting the throne She made reforms that improved public health, and unified state and tax and improved education and military. | 40 | |
| 16142520594 | Martin Luther | Theme: CDI Location: Europe- Red Social- orange Political- red Cultural- yellow Date: 1483-1546 Facts (2): He was the start of the Prodestant reforms. He wrote the 95 theses which was the list of 95 things he did not like about the Catholic church. | 41 | |
| 16142521934 | Mausolea | Theme: CDI Location:Found through out the whole world Oceania- BlueSoutheast Asia- GreenEast Asia- OrangeSouth Asia- PurpleCentral Asia- BrownMiddle East- PinkEurope- RedAfrica- YellowNorth America- BlackLatin America- Grey Social- orange Cultural- yellow Date: 350 BC Facts (2): It was a building that housed a tomb or tombs. It was a way to remember and honor the dead | 42 | |
| 16142523449 | Mehmed the Conqueror (Mehmed II) | Theme: GOV Location:Middle East- Pink Social- orange Political- red Interactions- green Cultural- yellow Economic- blue Date:1432-1481 Facts (2): He was a major expander for the Ottomans by using Janissaries to take over the city Constanipole and turn it into his capital, Istanbul. He also expanded into the Balkans. he transformed the Hagia Sophia into a mosque. he also made the codes of Mehmed the 2. | 43 | |
| 16142524972 | mercantilism | Theme: ECN Location: Europe- Red North America- Black Latin America- Grey Political- red Interactions- green Economic- blue Date: 16th-19th centuries Facts (2): This was getting profit from your trade and making it commercialism. it was controlled by the government and had to start through the government. They used tariffs and would increase exports to get valuable goods. idea that there was only a certain amount of money available→ made everyone want to get it | 44 | |
| 16146541441 | Mestizo | Theme: SIO Southeast Asia- Green North America- Black Latin America- Grey Social- orange Interactions- green Cultural- yellow Date: 16-17th century Location: Mexico and Peru Facts (2): People of mixed race between Indians and Spaniards in the new colonial societies.They were looked down upon my Spaniards as illegitimate. Mestizos were in the middle of Spain's colonial hierarchies, below creoles and above indigenous people. | 45 | |
| 16146551021 | miniature paintings | Theme: ECN South Asia- Purple Middle East- Pink Cultural- yellow Economic- blue Date: 16th- mid-19th century Facts (2): Small paintings of mainly religious figures They were less expensive than regular paintings and were affordable by the middle and working castes for decoration | 46 | |
| 16146544047 | Millet System | Theme: ECN Middle East- Pink Europe- Red Africa- Yellow Social- orange Political- red Cultural- yellow Date: 1300-1923 Location: Ottoman Empire Facts (2): Their way of organizing/ working with religious minorities. Millet's let their own laws and managed their own taxes in exchange for being loyal to the ottoman empire. (any dispute with a Muslim fell under their sharia-based law, but other crimes were under their own jurisdiction) | 47 | |
| 16146555272 | monopoly | Theme: ECN, GOV Oceania- Blue Southeast Asia- Green East Asia- Orange South Asia- Purple Central Asia- Brown Middle East- Pink Europe- Red Africa- Yellow North America- Black Latin America- Grey Social- orange Political- red Economic- blue Date: in US Congress enacted it in 1890 when monopolies were trusts. Location: Facts (2): Corporations that gain complete control of the production of a good/service. An absence of competition. Done by the Portuguese as well as ruling empires to gain money | 48 | |
| 16146557400 | Mughal Empire | Theme: GOV South Asia- Purple Social- orange Political- red Cultural- yellow Economic- blue Date: 1526-mid 19th century Location: India and Pakistan Facts (2): An Islamic imperial power that ruled a large portion of Indian subcontinent after it invaded Hindustan It was established by Babur, and the high point was under the rule of Akbar | 49 | |
| 16146568380 | Omani-European rivalry | Theme: ECN Southeast Asia- Green East Asia- Orange South Asia- Purple Middle East- Pink Europe- Red Social- orange Political- red Interactions- green Economic- blue Date: 17th-18th century Location: Indian Ocean Facts (2): Rivalry between the Europeans and Omani in over dominance in the Indian Ocean Trade, leading to wars Both wanted to have exclusive rights to supply/ transfer goods from east to west. | 50 | |
| 16146570778 | Ottoman Empire | Theme: GOV Central Asia- Brown Middle East- Pink Europe- Red Africa- Yellow Social- orange Political- red Interactions- green Cultural- yellow Economic- blue Date: 1299-1922 Facts (2): Seized constantinople with gunpowder and changed the name to istanbul (suleyman the great) Islamic Sunni empire | 51 | |
| 16146563572 | mulatto | Theme: SIO Europe- Red Africa- Yellow North America- Black Latin America- Grey Social- orange Cultural- yellow Date: 16th century Location: Spanish and Portuguese colonies Facts (2): A person with mixed heritage of one black parent and one white parent. They were below mestizos in Spain's colonial hierarchy. | 52 | |
| 16146574478 | Ottoman-Safavid conflict | Theme: CDI Central Asia- Brown Middle East- Pink Europe- Red Africa- Yellow Social- orange Political- red Cultural- yellow Economic- blue Date: 1623-1693 Location: Ottoman and Safavid empires Facts (2): Ongoing conflict between the Ottomans and the Safavids because of their different beliefs and lust for land and territory The conflict ended a period of almost constant fighting between the two empires. The war ended in a stalemate, as neither army was able to successfully press into the other's territory. | 53 | |
| 16146579634 | Palace of Versailles | Theme: ENV, SIO Europe- Red Social- orange Political- red Interactions- green Date: 1638-1715 Location: France Facts (2): Palace constructed by Louis XIV outside of Paris to glorify his rule and subdue the nobility. enforced absolutism | 54 | |
| 16146594052 | Peninsulares | Theme: SIO Latin America- Grey Social- orange Date: 16th-19th century Facts (2): Colonial residents born in Spain were the highest social class | 55 | |
| 16146596384 | Peter the Great | Theme: GOV Central Asia- Brown Europe- Red Social- orange Political- red Cultural- yellow Economic- blue Date: 1672-1725 Location: Russia Facts (2): Russian czar who westernized Russia and ended serfdom Also created a strong navy and secularized schools | 56 | |
| 16146598764 | plantation agriculture | Theme: ECN Southeast Asia- Green Europe- Red Africa- Yellow North America- Black Latin America- Grey Social- orange Interactions- green Economic- blue Date: 16th century Location: North America and Caribbean (mainly) Facts (2): growing of cash crops on plantations Driving factor of the economy and dependent on slaves for labor | 57 | |
| 16146617388 | Portuguese Empire | Theme: GOV Southeast Asia- Green East Asia- Orange South Asia- Purple Middle East- Pink Europe- Red Africa- Yellow Latin America- Grey Social- orange Political- red Cultural- yellow Economic- blue Date: 1415-1999 Location: Facts (2): Trading post empire Portugal dominated the world's seas for much of the age of discovery. Portugese ships and explorers were some of the best in the world, bringing the country's wealth and power. The Portugese were the first to circumvent Africa and access the Indian Ocean trade. | 58 | |
| 16146631635 | Protestant Reformation | Theme: CDI, GOV Europe- Red Social- orange Political- red Cultural- yellow Economic- blue Date: 1519 Location: Europe Facts (2): Religious reform movement within the Latin Christian Church (Split) Due to people voicing their concerns about the corruption of the church Spread with the help of the printing press (95 theses- Martin Luther) | 59 | |
| 16146644417 | Reconquista | Theme: SIO, CDI Political- red Cultural- yellow Date: 718 to 1492. Location: Europe- Red Facts (2): A long battle between the Christian Kingdoms and the Muslim Moors over the control of the Iberian Peninsula. Granada, the last Muslim ruler in Spain, gave up his kingdom the Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile. | 60 | |
| 16146637235 | Qing Dynasty | Theme: GOV, SIO, CDI Political- red Cultural- yellow Date: 1644 - 1912 Location: East Asia- Orange Facts (2): The last of two Chinese dynasties not to be ruled by the Han majority. A loss in the opium wars, and open corruption lead to the downfall of the Qing, resulting in the ROC/KMT(Republic Of China), the Warlords, and the CPC(Communist Party Of China) | 61 | |
| 16146644418 | Renaissance | Theme: SIO, CDI Social- orange Date: 1300-1600 Location: Europe- Red Facts (2): New ideas of thought, such as humanism, and the arts, developed as a result of the Renaissance. Members of the powerful Medici family, which ruled Florence for more than 60 years, were famous backers of the movement. | 62 | |
| 16146653464 | Republica de Indios | Theme: CDI, SIO, ECN Political- red Social- orange Date: about 1492 Location: Europe- Red South Asia- Purple Facts (2): An Indian political society that was established in the Indies , within the Spanish Empire, was made up of Spanish and indigenous cultural/ethnic groups The Spanish legal structure formally separated what they called the república de indios from the república de españoles. | 63 | |
| 16146653489 | Russian Empire | Theme: GOV, SIO Political- red Social- orange Date: 1721-1917 Location: Europe- Red Central Asia- Brown Facts (2): Unlike empires like the British or French empire, which the foreign lands they conquered were the empire, the Russian land, and the domain of the Russian State was the empire. Russian Empires had conquered the lands that were to the east that nobody wanted, due to the idea of putting as much land between them and the people, so that invasion would be expensive and impractical. | 64 | |
| 16146673509 | samurai | Theme: SIO, CDI Political- red Cultural- yellow Social- orange Date: 1185-1868 Location: East Asia- Orange Facts (2): Japanese warriors, who, during the warring states period of Japan(Sengoku Jidai) took over the provinces of Japan to establish their own empires. The idea of the Samurai stood with the Japanese military until the end of the Japanese Empire in 1945, but the official warrior class of the samurai started in the early 12th century, and were abolished in the 1870s. | 65 | |
| 16146687276 | Shah Abbas | Theme: GOV Political- red Social- orange Date: January 27, 1571-January 19, 1629 Location: Middle East- Pink Facts (2): The 5th Safavid Shah of Iran, and is generally considered the strongest ruler of the Safavid dynasty. He expelled Ottoman and Uzbek troops from Persian soil and promoted commerce and the arts, so that Persian artistic achievement reached a high point during his reign. | 66 | |
| 16146704114 | smallpox, measles, and influenza | Theme: ENV, CDI, SIO Interactions- green Social- orange Date:10,000 BC(when smallpox first appeared), 1765(measles), 1919(smallpox)-1979(declaration of eradication for smallpox), 2000(eradication of measles) and Present(influenza has not been eradicated) Location: Europe- RedLatin America- Grey Facts (2): Brought over to the americas via the columbian exchange, and proceed to wipe out many of the native population. In particular, the smallpox influenza could be wiped out with the counterpart, cowpox, which would begin the end of the smallpox disease as one considered extremely dangerous. | 67 | |
| 16146671201 | Safavid Empire | Theme: GOV, SIO, CDI Political- redSocial- orange Date: 1501-1722 Location: Middle East- Pink Facts (2): A persian military state that dominated the middle east for about 2 centuries, and initiated one of the golden ages of Iran. In opposition to the ottomans, the Safavids were Shi'ites, and were one of the gunpowder empires like the Ottomans. | 68 | |
| 16146706439 | Spanish Empire | Theme: GOV, SIO Political- red Date: April 17, 1492-1975 Location: Europe- Red Latin America- Grey Facts (2): The Spanish Empire in the Americas was formed after conquering indigenous empires and claiming large stretches of land, beginning with Christopher Columbus in the Caribbean Islands. Spain held onto significant fragments of its empire in Asia, America and Oceania until the Spanish-American War of 1898, and in Africa until 1975. | 69 | |
| 16146706440 | Spanish mit'a | Theme: SIO, ENV, CDI Social- orange Political- red Economic- blue Date: 1499 conception, 1755 full use-1812 Location: Latin America- Grey Facts (2): The mita system was a system established by the Inca Empire in order to construct buildings or create roads throughout the empire. After the conquest of the Inca empire by the Spanish, the Mita system was used by the Spanish as a coercive labor system. | 70 | |
| 16146708777 | Taj Mahal | Theme: SIO, CDI Social- orangeCultural- yellow Date: commissioned in 1632 Location: South Asia- Purple Facts (2): It was commissioned in 1632 by the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan to house the tomb of his favourite wife, Mumtaz Mahalt It is widely considered to be a premier example of Mughal architecture, which combines elements of Indian, Persian, and Islamic styles. | 71 | |
| 16146690687 | Shi'ism | Theme: CDI, SIO, GOV, ENV Cultural- yellow Social- orange Political- red Date: 632 Location: Middle East- Pink South Asia- Purple Central Asia- Brown Facts (2): Shia Islam is one of the two main branches of Islam. It holds that the Islamic prophet Muhammad designated Ali ibn Abi Talib as his successor. The most important group within the Shia is the "Twelvers," so called for the 12 Imams, or leaders, they venerate. | 72 | |
| 16146719583 | Thirty Years War | Theme: CDI Political- red Date: 1618-1648 Location: Europe- Red Facts (2): A war that had its roots in the division between Protestants and Catholics, which would pit the German, and Austrian-Hapsburg prices against each other for a power struggle in central Europe. Europe's power struggle between nations was shifted after the end of the 30 years war, having the Netherlands independent, France dominant in the West, Sweden's control of the Baltic, and the weakening of the Holy Roman Empire(HRE) | 73 | |
| 16146719584 | trading-post empire | Theme: CDI, GOV, SIO, ENV, ECN Political- red Economic- blue Social- orange Date: 16-17th centuries Location: Oceania- Blue, Africa- Yellow, South Asia- Purple, Southeast Asia- Green Facts (2): An imperial idea where the empire would take strategic trading posts on oceanic routes, to exploit the strategic wealth that came from it, and strengthen the power of the empire at the global table. Most European maritime empires started these, with Portugal being the first one to start the trading post empires. | 74 | |
| 16146729020 | Vodun | Theme: SIO, ENV, CDI Social- orange Cultural- yellow Interactions- green Date: 1658, creation of the religion Location: Africa- Yellow Facts (2): An African religion practiced in the modern states of Ghana, Benin, and Togo. The religion was brought to Haiti by African slaves that were brought over by the French. | 75 | |
| 16146735394 | Zamindars | Theme: GOV, SIO Social- orange Economic- blue Date: 1683 Location: Middle East- Pink Facts (2): A term of "landowner" in Persian They were like landlords, holding enormous tracts of land and had full control over the peasants that resided in them. They reserved the right to collect taxes from the peasants under either imperial or military command. | 76 |
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