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AP WORLD HISTORY NOTECARDS Flashcards

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7194474273ENV1 Neolithic revolutionThe change from food gathering to food production. This occurred from 8000-2000 BCE. The amount of non human migration and settling meant the agriculture changed and the land changed.0
7194474274CUL1 hieroglyphicsWere a system of writing developed by the Egyptians. This changed many things in Egyptian culture and now that they had a writing system they could trade with other cities in Egypt.1
7194474275SB1 HammurabiRuler of Babylon. Conquered many city states. Best known for making the Hammurabi's code. Now those are still used today in legal cases. This built up organizational things in the state because now there was laws and more order.2
7194474276ECON1 bronzeMore durable and harder that copper. Bronze was the main metal that was used in tools and weapons. This had a change on the Economy because it could be traded which brought a flow of money3
7194474277SOC1 cuneiformSystem of writing using wedged shaped symbols that represents syllables or/and words. This language was developed in Mesopotamia and mainly used by Sumerians Akkadian. This shaped the society because it opened many doors and advantages.4
7223755465ENV 2 ZoroastrismA type of religious type of belief. A major point in their beliefs are to preserve the environment5
7223755466CUL2 Persian warsA series of wars between Greek city states and the Persian empire. 499-490 BCE. this was a major CULTURAL setback for Persia but set the Greeks up for their goat cultural production. The interaction between cultures helped spread each other's ways of life and ideas.6
7223755467SB2 DemocracyA type of government. All citizens have equal rights And this was a shift in social and how the state was ran and the outcomes were different than in the past.7
7223755468ECON2 AlexandriaEconomical highs were in Alexandria and since they had high trade with locations bordering the Mediterranean Sea and the Indian Ocean.8
7223755469SOC2 ptolemiesThis was a dynasty that ruled for 3 centuries. They took the wealth from wealthy people of the land and rewarded the military and administering people changing some social structures and normalization.9
7254580181ENN3 Roman militaryTo defend the empire Roman Empire armies took advantage of natural resources. Things like mountains, rivers and other natural land forms came in handy when defending the empire took place. When natural Barriers were absent they would build forts and walls.10
7254580182CUL3 PAX romana(27-180ce) This means Roman peace, this was the height of the empire and started by Augustus. High amounts of trade which meant culture spread across areas they would trade in.11
7254580183SB3 Roman republic governmentA democracy made of all land owning wealthy males but wasn't even comparable to a modern democracy. There were a consul and a senate, the senate had the most high power and they served for life.12
7254580184ECON3 trade and economics in RomeRome could do long distance trade now which highly benefited the economy. Things that were transported over the long distances were- spices, silk, and animals. The economy in Rome and other places also was based on agricultural fluctuations.13
7254580185SOC3 society in RomeWomen had the basic rights of children and were property14
7292779825ENV4 monsoonIn the Indian Ocean (in this section we are learning about but can happen other places). Quick heating and cooling of land+ slow water temperature changing = winds Winds help sailors travel and traders/merchants on ships navigate and sail.15
7292779826SB4 Gupta empireA powerful empire that had large state building characteristics. Through controlling a large amount of the India continent. They did this through military force and highly developed culture.16
7292779827ECON4 mauryan empireUnified most of the India continent. This state grew on the economy, it grew from the agricultural taxes, iron mining and control of the trade routes.17
7292779828SOC4 varnaVarna is the 4 social divisions of social identity. There is the Brahmins -priests, Kshatriyas-soldiers and administrators, the vaishya- merchants and farmers, shudra- working class18
7292779829CUL4 karmaThis is an Indian tradition that's apart of their culture. And what this means is that what you do collects into your spirit which then will add up and determine who you are in your next life during reincarnation. In the Indian culture the higher classes used this more often than lower classes.19
7332721659ENV5 South Asia migration and agricultureAryans migrated into the Indian Subcontinent. Agriculture started fast after settling they used iron tools. Because of cultural differences they remained in small kingdoms and didn't migrate into larger territories.20
7332721660SB5 state building in South AsiaState building was constantly changing and evolving. A warrior society was established after the aryans conquered the Dravidians. Indus Valley civilizations were mostly theocratic. Expanding territories came with after conquering other territories and spreading culture and beliefs.21
7332721661ECON5 South AsiaEconomy in South Asia was agricultural based which meant they traded and ate the things they grew. Interactions with other territories/states come from trade which influenced each of the economies of each one effected by trade.22
7332721662SOC5 South AsiaIn South Asia the social structure gave women more rights than other places but they didn't still get all of the necessary ones. Males were still highly dominate. The more higher the women were the more they were restricted to religious and cultural expectations.23
7332721663CUL5 teotithucan peopleIn their culture they were polytheistic and the largest city to be in the americas. Because of their religious beliefs they would base their whole cities around religious buildings. In the teotithucan people practiced human sacrifices due to what their culture has engraved into their life.24
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AP World History (Development in Europe) Flashcards

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7651992067Byzantine Empirewas the continuation of the Roman Empire in the East during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, when its capital city was Constantinople0
7651992068Orthodox Christianityrefers to the set of doctrines which were believed by the early Christians. A series of ecumenical councils1
7652038821Justinian's Codecollections of laws and legal interpretations developed under the sponsorship of the Byzantine emperor Justinian I from ad 529 to 5652
7652040956Hagia Sophiawas a Greek Orthodox Christian patriarchal basilica church, then later changed to a mosque then a museum3
7652044541Roman Catholic Churchhas been the decisive spiritual force in the history of Western civilization. Along with Eastern Orthodoxy and Protestantism, it is one of the three major branches of Christianity4
7652049742Great Schism of 1054vent that precipitated the final separation between the Eastern Christian churches5
7652049743Vladimircommon Russian name that is way too vague thx Mr. Stauffer6
7652051886Battle of Tourswas fought by Frankish and Burgundian forces under Charles Martel against an army of the Umayyad Caliphate led by 'Abdul Rahman Al Ghafiqi7
7652053363Charlemagneas King of the Franks from 768, King of the Lombards from 774 and Emperor of the Romans from 800. He united much of Europe during the early Middle Ages8
7652053364Holy Roman Empirewas a multi-ethnic complex of territories in central Europe that developed during the Early Middle Ages and continued until its dissolution in 18069
7652055534Vikingspeople who raided and traded from their Northern European homelands across wide areas of northern, central, eastern and western Europe, during the late 8th to late 11th centuries10
7652057060Feudalismwas a combination of legal and military customs in medieval Europe that flourished between the 9th and 15th centuries11
7652057061Noblesis a social class, normally ranked immediately under royalty12
7652057062Vassalsa person regarded as having a mutual obligation to a lord or monarch13
7652060547Serfs (peasants)A member of the lowest feudal class, legally bound to a landed estate and required to perform labor for the lord of that estate14
7652060548Fiefswas the central element of feudalism and consisted of heritable property or rights granted by an overlord to a vassal who held it in fee15
7652060549manorsan estate in land to which is incident the right to hold a court termed court baron16
7652065158Three-field systema regime of crop rotation that was used in medieval and early-modern Europe17
7652065159Code of Chivalryis an informal, varying code of conduct developed between 1170 and 122018
7652068827Primogeniturethe state of being the firstborn child.19
7652071606Hanseatic Leaguewas an alliance of trading guilds that established and maintained a trade monopoly along the coast of Northern Europe20
7652071607Crusadeswere a series of religious wars sanctioned by the Latin Church in the medieval period21
7652074524Heresyis any belief or theory that is strongly at variance with established beliefs or customs22
7652076278Pope Innocent IIIwas one of the most powerful and influential popes. He exerted a wide influence over the Christian states of Europe, claiming supremacy over all of Europe's kings23
7652077909Scholasticismthe system of theology and philosophy taught in medieval European universities24
7652077910Black Deathwas one of the most devastating pandemics in human history, resulting in the deaths of an estimated 75 to 200 million people in Eurasia25
7652080671William the Conquerorwas the first Norman King of England, reigning from 1066 until his death in 108726
7652083328Magna Cartais a charter to make peace between the unpopular King and a group of rebel barons27
7652083329Joan of Arcis considered a heroine of France for her role during the Lancastrian phase of the Hundred Years' War28
7652086163Hundred Years' Warwas a series of conflicts waged from 1337 to 1453 by the House of Plantagenet29
7652091603Isabella & Ferdinand of Spainwas Queen of Castile. She was married to Ferdinand II of Aragon. Their marriage became the basis for the political unification of Spain under their grandson30
7652091604Spanish Inquisitionwas intended to maintain Catholic orthodoxy in their kingdoms and to replace the Medieval Inquisition31
7652094670Ivan the Terriblewas the Grand Prince of Moscow from 1533 to 1547, then "Tsar of All the Russias" until his death in 158432
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Chapter 4 - AP World History Flashcards

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10712238606Legalism (China)People came up with legalism as a solution to China's disorder, laws and rules were strictly enforced. Philosophers believed that the high class were smarter than regular people who were stupid and shortsighted. After Shihuangdi and the Qin no other rulers used this solution.0
10712270500ConfucianismA philosophy that adheres to the teachings of the Chinese philosopher Confucius. It shows the way to ensure a stable government and an orderly society in the present world and stresses a moral code of conduct. Philosophy following the teachings of Confucius, who thought that if the higher class set a good moral example then the lower classes would naturally follow. He stressed the importance of education to moral betterment.1
10712274136Ban Zhao45-116BCE Wrote Lessons for Women, a book which explained a Confusion woman's role. She wanted more education for women, not because she thought that they could become or were equal to boys but because she thought that with more education that they could better serve their husbands.2
10712274137DaoismRidiculed efforts for moral betterment and believed that actions should be individual, spontaneous and natural. It encouraged people to live the simple life and to follow nature.3
10712276993VedasAncient Sanskrit writings that are the earliest sacred texts of Hinduism. Early Indian sacred 'knowledge'-the literal meaning of the term-long preserved and communicated orally by Brahman priests and eventually written down.4
10712282784Upanishadsthe later books of the Vedas; contained sophisticated and sublime philosophical ideas; utilized by Brahmans to restore religious authority5
10712286076Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha)Means "Enlightened One." He is said to have renounced his worldly possessions and taught of a way to overcome suffering. The historical founder of Buddism. Taught that to achieve enlightenment you must let go of what causes suffering6
10712290037Theravada and MahayanaThe two main branches of Buddhism. Theravada was before Mahayana, as Mahayana branched off Theravada. Theravada was founded in 3rd century B.C when there was no Mahayana at all Between the 1st Century B.C. to the 1st Century A.D., the two terms Mahayana and Hinayana appeared in theSaddharma Pundarika Sutra or the Sutra of the Lotus of the Good Law. The main differences, however, is that Theravada was founded in southern Asia in parts of Sri Lanka and Thailand as Mahayana was founded in northern Asia in parts of Tibet,China and Taiwan.7
10712293228Nalandadefinition: a famous Buddhist university and monastary located in the eastern Ganges Valley significance: helped in the spread of Buddhism through Asia, one of the first formalized instruction centers8
10712293369Bhagavad GitaThe most important work of Indian sacred literature, a dialogue between the great warrior Arjuna and the god Krishna on duty and the fate of the spirit.9
10712297637Zoroastrianisma religion and philosophy based on the teachings of prophet Zoroaster and was formerly among the world's largest religions. It was probably founded some time before the 6th century BCE in Persia Many relgions branch off it due to the aspects of: One God, Good vs Evil, and Moral standards The main God; Ahura Mazda is all good, and no evil originates from him. Thus, in Zoroastrianism good and evil have distinct sources, with evil trying to destroy the creation of Mazda. Angra Mainyu is the evil one, against Ahura.10
10712301092JudaismA religion with a belief in one god. It originated with Abraham and the Hebrew people. Yahweh was responsible for the world and everything within it. They preserved their early history in the Old Testament.11
10712305314Greek rationalismA secularizing system of scientific and philosophic thought that developed in classical Greece in the period 600 to 300 B.C.E.; it emphasized the power of education and human reason to understand the world in nonreligious terms.12
10712308224Socrates, Plato, AristotleGreek philosophers, believed that truth could be determined through rational thought and observations.13
10712312136Jesus of Nazaretha teacher and prophet born in bethlehem and active in nazareth; his life and sermons form the basis for Christianity. Historical founder of Christianity, believed to be able to perform miracles of healing by the power of God, whom he refered to as 'Abba', or papa.14
10712315963Saint PaulHelped to spread Christianity from the small area it occupied to a much bigger area.15
10712320228Church of the EastA theologically and organizationally distinct Christian church based in Syria and Persia but with followers in southern India and Central Asia. This branch of the church concentrated in Persia and active in missions to China rejected the Chalcedonian Creed on the grounds that it did not accurately affirm the human nature of Jesus.16
10712325975PerpetuaEarly Christian who kept a diary in prison and died for the faith. Christian martyr (one who was killed for their beliefs) from Carthage. Educated and wealthy, she died being fed to leopards.17
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AP World History Period 4 Flashcards

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6146336557AkbarThe most famous emperor of India's Mughal Empire (r. 1556-1605); his policies are noted for their efforts at religious tolerance and inclusion.0
6146336558Columbian ExchangeThe massive transatlantic interaction and exchange between the Americas and Afro-Eurasia that began in the period of European exploration and colonization.1
6146336559ConquistadoresSpanish conquerors of the Native American lands, most notably the Aztec and Inca empires.2
6146336560Constantinople, 1453The capital and almost the only outpost left of the Byzantine Empire, fell to the army of the Ottoman sultan Mehmed II "the Conqueror," an event that marked the end of Christian Byzantium.3
6146336561CreolesSpaniards born in the Americas.4
6146336562DevshirmeThe tribute of boy children that the Ottoman Turks levied from their Christian subjects in the Balkans; the Ottomans raised the boys for service in the civil administration or in the elite Janissary infantry corps.5
6146336563The Great DyingTerm used to describe the devastating demographic impact of European-borne epidemic diseases on the Americas.6
6146336564JizyaSpecial tax levied on non-Muslims in Islamic states; the Mughal Empire was notable for abolishing it for a time.7
6146336565MercantilismAn economic theory that argues that governments best serve their states' economic interests by encouraging exports and accumulating bullion.8
6146336566MestizoLiterally, "mixed"; a term used to describe the mixed-race population of Spanish colonial societies in the Americas.9
6146336567Mughal EmpireOne of the most successful empires of India, a state founded by Muslim Turks who invaded India in 1526; their rule was noted for efforts to create partnerships between Hindus and Muslims.10
6146336568MulattoTerm commonly used for people of mixed African and European blood.11
6146336569Ottoman EmpireMajor Islamic state centered on Anatolia that came to include the Balkans, the Near East, and much of North Africa.12
6146336570PeninsulareIn the Spanish colonies of Latin America, the term used to refer to people who had been born in Spain; they claimed superiority over Spaniards born in the Americas.13
6146336571Plantation complexAgricultural system based on African slavery that was used in Brazil, the Caribbean, and the southern colonies of North America.14
6146336572Qing DynastyRuling dynasty of China from 1644 to 1912; these rulers were originally from Manchuria, which had conquered China.15
6146336573Settler coloniesColonies in which the colonizing people settled in large numbers, rather than simply spending relatively small numbers to exploit the region; particularly noteworthy in the case of the British colonies in North America.16
6146336574SiberiaRussia's great frontier region, a vast territory of what is now central and eastern Russia, most of it unsuited to agriculture but rich in mineral resources and fur-bearing animals.17
6146336575African diasporaName given to the spread of African peoples across the Atlantic via the slave trade.18
6146336576British/Dutch East India companiesPrivate trading companies chartered by the governments of England and the Netherlands around 1600; they were given monopolies on Indian Ocean trade, including the right to make war and to rule conquered peoples.19
6146336577DaimyoFeudal lords of Japan who ruled with virtual independence thanks to their bands of samurai warriors.20
6146336578Indian Ocean Commercial NetworkThe massive, interconnected web of commerce in premodern times between the lands that bordered on the Indian Ocean (including East Africa, India, and Southeast Asia); the network was badly disrupted by Portuguese intrusion beginning around 1500.21
6146336579Ferdinand MagellanPortuguese mariner who commanded the first European (Spanish) fleet to circumnavigate the globe (1519-1521).22
6146336580Middle PassageName commonly given to the journey across the Atlantic undertaken by African slaves being shipped to the Americas.23
6146336581SamuraiThe warrior elite of medieval Japan.24
6146336582ShogunIn Japan, a supreme military commander.25
6146336583Soft goldNickname used in the early modern period for animal furs, highly valued for their warmth and as symbols of elite status; in several regions, the fur trade generated massive wealth for those engaged in it.26
6146336584Spanish PhillipinesAn archipelago of Pacific islands colonized by Spain in a relatively bloodless process that extended for the century or so after 1565, a process accompanied by a major effort at evangelization27
6146336585Tokugawa ShogunateMilitary rulers of Japan who successfully unified Japan politically by the early seventeenth century and established a "closed door" policy toward European encroachments.28
6146336586Trading post empireForm of imperial dominance based on control of trade rather than on control of subject peoples.29
6146336587Catholic Counter-ReformationAn internal reform of the Catholic Church in the sixteenth century; thanks especially to the work of the Council of Trent (1545-1563), Catholic leaders clarified doctrine, corrected abuses and corruption, and put a new emphasis on education and accountability.30
6146336588CopernicusPolish mathematician and astronomer (1473-1543) who was the first to argue for the existence of a heliocentric cosmos.31
6146336589Council of TrentThe main instrument of the Catholic Counter-Reformation (1545-1563), at which the Catholic Church clarified doctrine and corrected abuses.32
6146336590Charles DarwinHighly influential English biologist (1809-1882) whose theory of natural selection continues to be seen by many as a threat to revealed religious truth.33
6146336591European EnlightenmentEuropean intellectual movement of the eighteenth century that applied the lessons of the Scientific Revolution to human affairs and was noted for its commitment to open mindedness and inquiry and the belief that knowledge could transform human society.34
6146336592GalileoItalian astronomer (1564-1642) who further developed the ideas of Copernicus and whose work was eventually suppressed by the Catholic Church.35
6146336593HuguenotsThe Protestant minority in France.36
6146336594Jesuits in ChinaSeries of Jesuit missionaries in the late sixteenth and seventeenth centuries who, inspired by the work of Matteo Ricci, made extraordinary efforts to understand and become a part of Chinese culture in their efforts to convert the Chinese elite, although with limited success37
6146336595Martin LutherGerman priest and theologian (1483-1546) who inaugurated the Protestant Reformation movement in Europe.38
6146336596Isaac NewtonEnglish natural scientist (1643-1727) whose formulation of the laws of motion and mechanics is regarded as the culmination of the Scientific Revolution.39
6146336597Ninety-Five ThesesList of debating points about the abuses of the Church, posted by Martin Luther on the door of a church in Wittenberg in 1517; the Church's strong reaction eventually drove Luther to separate from Catholic Christianity.40
6146336598Protestant ReformationMassive schism within Christianity that had its formal beginning in 1517 with the German priest Martin Luther; while the leaders of the movement claimed that they sought to "reform" a Church that had fallen from biblical practice, in reality the movement was radically innovative in its challenge to Church authority and its endorsement of salvation "by faith alone."41
6146336599Scientific RevolutionGreat European intellectual and cultural transformation that was based on the principles of the scientific method.42
6146336600SikhismReligious tradition of northern India founded by Guru Nanak ca. 1500; combines elements of Hinduism and Islam and proclaims the brotherhood of all humans and the equality of men and women.43
6146336601Thirty Year's WarHighly destructive war (1618-1648) that eventually included most of Europe; fought for the most part between Protestants and Catholics, the conflict ended with the Peace of Westphalia (1648).44
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Chapter 4 AP World History Stearns Flashcards

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7477854346Cyrus the Greatestablished a major Persian Empire across the northern Middle East and into northwestern India0
7477854347Zoroastrianismchief religion of Persian Empire; animist religion that saw material existence as battle between forces of food and evil; stressed the importance of moral choice; righteous lived on after death in "House of Song"1
7477854348Hellenistic Agethat culture associated with the spread of Greek influence as a result of Macedonian conquests; often seen as the combination of Greek culture with eastern political forms2
7477854349Peloponnesian Warwars from 431 to 404 BCE between Athens and Sparta for dominance in southern Greece; resulted in Spartan victory but failure to achieve political unification of Greece3
7477854350Alexander the Greatsuccessor of Phillip II; successfully conquered Persian Empire prior to his death in 323 BCE; attempted to combine Greek and Persian cultures4
7477854351SophoclesGreek writer of tragedies; author of Oedipus Rex5
7477854352Doric, Ionian, Corinthiantypes of embellishments for the top of support columns; Along with Doric and Corinthian, distinct style of Hellenistic architecture. Doric is the least ornate, followed by Ionic, and the most ornate being Corinthian6
7477854353Iliad and OdysseyGreek epic poem attributed to Homer but possibly the work of many others; defined gods and human nature that shaped Greek mythos7
7477854354SocratesAthenian philosopher of later 5th century BCE; tutor of Plato; urged rational reflection of moral decisions; condemned to death for corrupting minds of Athenian young8
7477854355PlatoGreek philosopher; knowledge based on consideration of ideal forms outside of the material world; proposed ideal form of government based on abstract principles in which philosophers ruled9
7477854356AristotleGreek philosopher; teacher of Alexander the Great; knowledge based on observation of phenomena in material world10
7477854357CiceroConservative Roman senator; Stoic philosopher; one of great orators of his day; killed in reaction to assassination of Julius Caesar11
7477854358Punic Warsfight between Rome and Carthage to establish dominance in the Western Mediterranean; won by Rome after three separate conflicts12
7477854359city-stateA form of political organization typical of Mesopotamian civilizations; consisted of agricultural hinterlands ruled by an urban - based king13
7477854360Persian WarsConflict between Greece and Persia from 500-449 BCE. Consisted of two Persian invasions, in which Greece was victorious. Greek culture, particularly Athenian, peaked directly afterwards and expanded14
7477854361Phillip IIruled Macedon from 359 to 336 BCE; founder of centralized kingdom; later conquered rest of Greece, which was subjected to Macedonian authority15
7477854362Julius CaesarRoman General responsible for conquest of Gaul; brought army back to Rome and over through republic; assassinated in 44 BCE by conservative senators16
7477854363Augustusname given to Octavian following his defeat of Mark Anthony and Cleopatra; first Emperor of Rome17
7477854364ConstantineRoman emperor from 312 to 337 CE; established second capital and Constantinople; attempted to use religious force of Christianity to unify empire spirituality18
7477854365Twelve TablesEarly Roman Republic first code of law (450 BCE). Intended to restrain upper class from arbitrary action and subject them, and to ordinary people, to common legal principles19
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AP world history - Asia vocab Flashcards

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11285418762Sui Dynasty(589-618 CE) The Chinese dynasty that was like the Qin Dynasty in imposing tight political discipline; this dynasty built the Grand Canal which helped transport the rice in the south to the north.0
11285418763Tang Dynasty(618-907 CE) The Chinese dynasty that was much like the Han, who used Confucianism. This dynasty had the equal-field system, a bureaucracy based on merit, and a Confucian education system.1
11285440264Xuan Dynasty2
11285447767Empress WU ZhaoRose to power after the death of Emperor Tang Taizong, and declared herself empress in 6903
11285457364Chang'anCapital of Tang dynasty; a population of 2 million, larger than any other city in the world at that time.4
11285479321Anti-Buddhist campaignThe Anti-Buddhist Persecution initiated by Tang Emperor Wuzong reached its height in the year 845 CE. Among its purposes were to appropriate war funds and to cleanse China of foreign influences.5
11285489755Song Dynasty(960-1279 CE) The Chinese dynasty that placed much more emphasis on civil administration, industry, education, and arts other than military.6
11285498088Moveable type (China)• a way to mass produce books • increased literacy and bureaucrats among the lower classes.7
11285501895Yuan Dynasty(1279-1368 CE) The dynasty with Mongol rule in China; centralized with bureaucracy but structure is different: Mongols on top->Persian bureaucrats->Chinese bureaucrats.8
11285504776Ming DynastySucceeded Mongol Yuan dynasty in China in 1368; lasted until 1644; initially mounted huge trade expeditions to southern Asia and elsewhere, but later concentrated efforts on internal development within China.9
11285518876Tribute systemChinese method of dealing with foreign lands and peoples that assumed the subordination of all non-Chinese authorities and required the payment of tribute—produce of value from their countries—to the Chinese emperor (although the Chinese gifts given in return were often much more valuable).10
11285518877Bureucracya system of government in which most of the important decisions are made by state officials rather than by elected representatives.11
11285541127Civil service examIn China, it was an exam based on Confucian teachings that was used to select people for various government service jobs in the bureaucracy.12
11285556400Grand CanalBuilt in 7th century during reign of Yangdi during Sui dynasty; designed to link the original centers of Chinese civilization on the north China plain with the Yangtze river basin to the south; nearly 1200 miles long.13
11285560763Neo-ConfucianismThe Confucian response to Buddhism by taking Confucian and Buddhist beliefs and combining them into this. However, it is still very much Confucian in belief.14
11285598719FootbindingMale-imposed practice to mutilate women's feet in order to reduce size; produced pain and restricted movement; helped to confine women to the household.15
11285690817ShintoA Japanese religion whose followers believe that all things in the natural world are filled with divine spirits16
11285695396Taiko Reforms645 CE • Bureaucratic & legal reforms modeled after the Tang Dynasty's in China borrowed from Prince Shotoku. • The reforms were enacted after his death.17
11285710382Heinz Period/Fujiwara18
11285714077ShogunIn feudal Japan, a noble similar to a duke. They were the military commanders and the actual rulers of Japan for many centuries while the Emperor was a powerless spiritual figure.19
11285716761Diamyo20
11285723039Bushido21
11285731343Zen/Chan BuddhismForm of Mahayana Buddhism that teaches that the real truth about life comes from intuitive flashes of insight.22
11285732879Delhi Sultanate(1206-1526 CE) The successors of Mahmud of Ghazni mounted more campaigns, but directed their goals to creating this empire.23
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AP World History Vocabulary Flashcards

this took FOREVER. anyways, stan stray kids!

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10323399024absolutismthe acceptance of or belief in absolute principles in political, philosophical, ethical, or theological matters0
10323400712administrationthe process or activity of running a business, organization, etc.; the officials in the executive branch of government under a particular chief executive1
10323416038agrarianrelating to cultivated land or the cultivation of land2
10323417242analyzeexamine methodically and in detail the constitution or structure of (something, especially information), typically for purposes of explanation and interpretation3
10323418517arable(of land) used or suitable for growing crops4
10323423631aristocracythe highest class in certain societies, especially those holding hereditary titles or offices5
10323424241artisana worker in a skilled trade, especially one that involves making things by hand6
10323425865assimiliationthe process of taking in and fully understanding information or ideas7
10323426671authoritarianismthe enforcement or advocacy of strict obedience to authority at the expense of personal freedom8
10323428327autocracya system of government by one person with absolute power9
10323430246boycottwithdraw from commercial or social relations with (a country, organization, or person) as a punishment or protest10
10323431888bourgeoisiethe middle class, typically with reference to its perceived materialistic values or conventional attitudes11
10323432704bulliongold or silver in bulk before coining, or valued by weight12
10323436992bureaucracya system of government in which most of the important decisions are made by state officials rather than by elected representatives13
10323439116capitalwealth in the form of money or other assets owned by a person or organization or available or contributed for a particular purpose such as starting a company or investing14
10323439117capitalisman economic and political system in which a country's trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by the state15
10323441148cartelan association of manufacturers or suppliers with the purpose of maintaining prices at a high level and restricting competition16
10323444374casteeach of the hereditary classes of Hindu society, distinguished by relative degrees of ritual purity or pollution and of social status17
10323458349causationthe action of causing something18
10323460428centralizedconcentrate (control of an activity or organization) under a single authority19
10323462119chiefdomform of hierarchical political organization in non-industrial societies usually based on kinship, and in which formal leadership is monopolized by the legitimate senior members of select families or 'houses'20
10323464942circa(often preceding a date) approximately21
10323466719citizena legally recognized subject or national of a state or commonwealth, either native or naturalized22
10323505975city-statea city that with its surrounding territory forms an independent state23
10323526404civil servicethe permanent professional branches of a government's administration, excluding military and judicial branches and elected politicians24
10323534430civilizationthe stage of human social development and organization that is considered most advanced25
10323576485coercepersuade (an unwilling person) to do something by using force or threats26
10323578850colonialismthe policy or practice of acquiring full or partial political control over another country, occupying it with settlers, and exploiting it economically27
10323578851colonya country or area under the full or partial political control of another country, typically a distant one, and occupied by settlers from that country28
10323580919commercethe activity of buying and selling, especially on a large scale29
10323582184commoditya raw material or primary agricultural product that can be bought and sold, such as copper or coffee30
10323582933communalshared by all members of a community; for common use; (of conflict) between different communities, especially those having different religions or ethnic origins31
10323584175communisma political theory derived from Karl Marx, advocating class war and leading to a society in which all property is publicly owned and each person works and is paid according to their abilities and needs32
10323585988compareestimate, measure, or note the similarity or dissimilarity between33
10323588991conscriptenlist (someone) compulsorily, typically into the armed services34
10323590848conservativeholding to traditional attitudes and values and cautious about change or innovation, typically in relation to politics or religion35
10323593452consumerismthe protection or promotion of the interests of consumers; he preoccupation of society with the acquisition of consumer goods36
10323595887contemporaryliving or occurring at the same time37
10323597611contextualizationplacing or studing in context38
10323601957cosmopolitanfamiliar with and at ease in many different countries and cultures39
10323603975coup d'étata sudden, violent, and illegal seizure of power from a government40
10323614206creditthe ability of a customer to obtain goods or services before payment, based on the trust that payment will be made in the future41
10323614732culturethe arts and other manifestations of human intellectual achievement regarded collectively; the customs, arts, social institutions, and achievements of a particular nation, people, or other social group42
10323616613currencya system of money in general use in a particular country43
10323617896de factoin fact, or in effect, whether by right or not44
10323619240debtsomething, typically money, that is owed or due45
10323620564decentralizedtransfered (authority) from central to local government; moved departments of (a large organization) away from a single administrative center to other locations, usually granting them some degree of autonomy46
10323628153deficitthe amount by which something, especially a sum of money, is too small47
10323631731deforestationthe action of clearing a wide area of trees48
10323632536deitya god or goddess (in a polytheistic religion)49
10323634861democracya system of government by the whole population or all the eligible members of a state, typically through elected representatives50
10323641614demographythe study of statistics such as births, deaths, income, or the incidence of disease, which illustrate the changing structure of human populations51
10323644350despotismthe exercise of absolute power, especially in a cruel and oppressive way52
10323662822determinismthe doctrine that all events, including human action, are ultimately determined by causes external to the will. Some philosophers have taken determinism to imply that individual human beings have no free will and cannot be held morally responsible for their actions53
10323666247dictatora ruler with total power over a country, typically one who has obtained power by force54
10323671075diplomacythe profession, activity, or skill of managing international relations, typically by a country's representatives abroad55
10323672479disseminationthe act of spreading something, especially information, widely; circulation56
10323675310diversitythe state of being diverse; variety57
10323677085doctrinea belief or set of beliefs held and taught by a church, political party, or other group58
10323682051domesticexisting or occurring inside a particular country; not foreign or international59
10323683643dynastya line of hereditary rulers of a country; a succession of people from the same family who play a prominent role in business, politics, or another field60
10323685187ecologicalrelating to or concerned with the relation of living organisms to one another and to their physical surroundings61
10323688958economic specializationwhen a nation or individual concentrates its productive efforts on producing a limited variety of goods62
10323689502economythe wealth and resources of a country or region, especially in terms of the production and consumption of goods and services63
10323690936egalitarianrelating to or believing in the principle that all people are equal and deserve equal rights and opportunities64
10323693276emancipationthe fact or process of being set free from legal, social, or political restrictions; liberation; the freeing of someone from slavery65
10323697284emerging marketscountries that have some characteristics of a developed market, but do not meet standards to be developed markets66
10323698454emigrationthe act of leaving one's own country to settle permanently in another; moving abroad67
10323699660empirean extensive group of states or countries under a single supreme authority, formerly especially an emperor or empress68
10323700575epidemicwidespread occurrence of an infectious disease in a community at a particular time; a sudden, widespread occurrence of a particular undesirable phenomenon69
10323702570ethnicrelating to a population subgroup (within a larger or dominant national or cultural group) with a common national or cultural tradition70
10323703399ethnocentricevaluating other peoples and cultures according to the standards of one's own culture71
10323708179evaluateform an idea of the amount, number, or value of; assess72
10323711026executivehaving the power to put plans, actions, or laws into effect; relating to managing an organization or political administration and putting into effect plans, policies, or laws73
10323712220fascisma political philosophy, movement, or regime (such as that of the Fascisti) that exalts nation and often race above the individual and that stands for a centralized autocratic government headed by a dictatorial leader, severe economic and social regimentation, and forcible suppression of opposition74
10323714318feminismthe advocacy of women's rights on the basis of the equality of the sexes75
10323716977feudalismthe dominant social system in medieval Europe, in which the nobility held lands from the Crown in exchange for military service, and vassals were in turn tenants of the nobles, while the peasants (villeins or serfs) were obliged to live on their lord's land and give him homage, labor, and a share of the produce, notionally in exchange for military protection76
10323717791filialof or due from a son or daughter77
10323718123forage(of a person or animal) search widely for food or provisions78
10323723754free marketan economic system in which prices are determined by unrestricted competition between privately owned businesses79
10323724423free tradeinternational trade left to its natural course without tariffs, quotas, or other restrictions80
10323726120fundamentalforming a necessary base or core; of central importance; a central or primary rule or principle on which something is based81
10323731994genderthe state of being male, female or neither/other (typically used with reference to social and cultural differences rather than biological ones)82
10323739011genocidethe deliberate killing of a large group of people, especially those of a particular ethnic group or nation83
10323739972globalizationthe process by which businesses or other organizations develop international influence or start operating on an international scale84
10323743247governmentthe governing body of a nation, state, or community85
10323744025guilda medieval association of craftsmen or merchants, often having considerable power; an association of people for mutual aid or the pursuit of a common goal86
10323745702hegemonyleadership or dominance, especially by one country or social group over others87
10323746375hierarchya system or organization in which people or groups are ranked one above the other according to status or authority88
10323749348historiographythe study of historical writing89
10323749856horticulturethe art or practice of garden cultivation and management90
10323750620ideologya system of ideas and ideals, especially one that forms the basis of economic or political theory and policy91
10323751426imperialrelating to an empire92
10323752487indigenousoriginating or occurring naturally in a particular place; native93
10323755018industryeconomic activity concerned with the processing of raw materials and manufacture of goods in factories94
10323755532infrastructurethe basic physical and organizational structures and facilities (e.g., buildings, roads, and power supplies) needed for the operation of a society or enterprise95
10323761915inherentexisting in something as a permanent, essential, or characteristic attribute96
10323763002immigrationthe action of coming to live permanently in a foreign country97
10323763816inverseopposite or contrary in position, direction, order, or effect98
10323764663judiciarythe judicial authorities of a country; judges collectively99
10323765540juntaa military or political group that rules a country after taking power by force100
10323767044kinone's family and relations101
10323769817laissez-fairea policy or attitude of letting things take their own course, without interfering; abstention by governments from interfering in the workings of the free market102
10323771824-lateralof, at, toward, or from the side or sides103
10323773667legislaturethe legislative body of a country or state104
10323774683legitimacyconformity to the law or to rules105
10323775704liberalopen to new behavior or opinions and willing to discard traditional values106
10323777067malnutritionlack of proper nutrition, caused by not having enough to eat, not eating enough of the right things, or being unable to use the food that one does eat107
10323779178mandatean official order or commission to do something; give (someone) authority to act in a certain way108
10323785438maritimeconnected with the sea, especially in relation to seafaring commercial or military activity109
10323787819mercantilismbelief in the benefits of profitable trading; commercialism; the economic theory that trade generates wealth and is stimulated by the accumulation of profitable balances, which a government should encourage by means of protectionism110
10323788748meritocracygovernment or the holding of power by people selected on the basis of their ability111
10323796753metallurgythe branch of science and technology concerned with the properties of metals and their production and purification112
10323802223metropolitanrelating to or denoting a metropolis, often inclusive of its surrounding areas; relating to or denoting the parent state of a colony or dependency113
10323805185middle classthe social group between the upper and working classes, including professional and business workers and their families114
10323807081migrationmovement of people to a new area or country in order to find work or better living conditions115
10323812774modernitythe quality or condition of being modern; a modern way of thinking, working, etc.; contemporariness116
10323814053monarchya form of government with a monarch at the head117
10323815093monopolythe exclusive possession or control of the supply or trade in a commodity or service118
10323816132nationa large aggregate of people united by common descent, history, culture, or language, inhabiting a particular country or territory119
10323816518nation-statea sovereign state whose citizens or subjects are relatively homogeneous in factors such as language or common descent120
10323824031nationalismpatriotic feeling, principles, or efforts; an extreme form of this, especially marked by a feeling of superiority over other countries121
10323825211NGOsnongovernmental organizations122
10323826495nomada member of a people having no permanent abode, and who travel from place to place to find fresh pasture for their livestock123
10323827304orthodox(of a person or their views, especially religious or political ones, or other beliefs or practices) conforming to what is generally or traditionally accepted as right or true; established and approved124
10323828477pacifismthe belief that any violence, including war, is unjustifiable under any circumstances, and that all disputes should be settled by peaceful means125
10323829046partisana strong supporter of a party, cause, or person; a member of an armed group formed to fight secretly against an occupying force, in particular one operating in enemy-occupied Yugoslavia, Italy, and parts of eastern Europe in World War II126
10323830059pastoral(especially of land or a farm) used for or related to the keeping or grazing of sheep or cattle; (in the Christian Church) concerning or appropriate to the giving of spiritual guidance127
10323833620paternalof or appropriate to a father128
10323834936patriarchthe male head of a family or tribe129
10323836396patronizetreat with an apparent kindness that betrays a feeling of superiority; give encouragement and financial support to (a person, especially an artist, or a cause)130
10323837442peasanta poor farmer of low social status who owns or rents a small piece of land for cultivation (chiefly in historical use or with reference to subsistence farming in poorer countries)131
10323838435perioda portion of time in the life of a person, nation, or civilization characterized by the same prevalent features or conditions132
10323839926peripherythe outer limits or edge of an area or object133
10323896814pluralitythe fact or state of being plural; a large number of people or things134
10323899138politicsthe activities associated with the governance of a country or other area, especially the debate or conflict among individuals or parties having or hoping to achieve power135
10323904586polygamyhe practice or custom of having more than one wife or husband at the same time136
10323906001popular participationthe active involvement of citizens in the socio-political activities of a country137
10323911594proletariatworkers or working-class people, regarded collectively (often used with reference to Marxism); the lowest class of citizens in ancient Rome138
10323914250propagandainformation, especially of a biased or misleading nature, used to promote or publicize a particular political cause or point of view139
10323916001protectoratea state that is controlled and protected by another140
10323918929provincea principal administrative division of certain countries or empires141
10323919297push-pull factorsfactors that drive people away from a place and draw people to a new location142
10323922464raceeach of the major divisions of humankind, having distinct physical characteristics143
10323929871racismprejudice, discrimination, or antagonism directed against someone of a different race based on the belief that one's own race is superior144
10323932588radicaladvocating or based on thorough or complete political or social change; representing or supporting an extreme or progressive section of a political party145
10323935401raw materialthe basic material from which a product is made146
10323936351rebela person who rises in opposition or armed resistance against an established government or ruler147
10323939882reformmake changes in (something, typically a social, political, or economic institution or practice) in order to improve it148
10323945482regimea government, especially an authoritarian one149
10323948459regionalrelating to or characteristic of a region150
10323950300republicstate in which supreme power is held by the people and their elected representatives, and which has an elected or nominated president rather than a monarch151
10323951367revenueincome, especially when of a company or organization and of a substantial nature152
10323952707revoltrise in rebellion153
10323953475revolutiona forcible overthrow of a government or social order in favor of a new system154
10323955090ruralin, relating to, or characteristic of the countryside rather than the town155
10323958163secedewithdraw formally from membership in a federal union, an alliance, or a political or religious organization156
10323960141seculardenoting attitudes, activities, or other things that have no religious or spiritual basis157
10323962938sedentary(of a person) tending to spend much time seated; somewhat inactive; (of work or a way of life) characterized by much sitting and little physical exercise158
10323964919segregationthe action or state of setting someone or something apart from other people or things or being set apart; the enforced separation of different racial groups in a country, community, or establishment159
10323965963slaveryhe state of being a slave160
10323970211socialisma political and economic theory of social organization that advocates that the means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by the community as a whole161
10323972594socio-economicrelating to or concerned with the interaction of social and economic factors162
10323975192sovereigntysupreme power or authority163
10323977274standardizedcause (something) to conform to a standard164
10323989475statea nation or territory considered as an organized political community under one government165
10323995740status quothe existing state of affairs, especially regarding social or political issues166
10323998205stratificationthe arrangement or classification of something into different groups167
10324001005subsistencethe action or fact of maintaining or supporting oneself at a minimum level; denoting or relating to production at a level sufficient only for one's own use or consumption, without any surplus for trade168
10324004936syncretismthe amalgamation or attempted amalgamation of different religions, cultures, or schools of thought169
10324010516synthesisthe combination of ideas to form a theory or system170
10324012092tariffa tax or duty to be paid on a particular class of imports or exports171
10324013171territorialrelating to the ownership of an area of land or sea172
10324017130theocracya system of government in which priests rule in the name of God or a god173
10324017976Third Worldthe developing countries of Asia, Africa, and Latin America174
10324018426totalitarianrelating to a system of government that is centralized and dictatorial and requires complete subservience to the state175
10324019517tributean act, statement, or gift that is intended to show gratitude, respect, or admiration176
10324020306unionthe action or fact of joining or being joined, especially in a political context; an organized association of workers formed to protect and further their rights and interests; a labor union177
10324022179urbanin, relating to, or characteristic of a city or town178
10324022730utopianmodeled on or aiming for a state in which everything is perfect; idealistic179
10324023282venerateregard with great respect; revere180
10324026961The Westthe noncommunist states of Europe and North America, contrasted with the former communist states of eastern Europe181
10324028127working classthe social group consisting of people who are employed for wages, especially in manual or industrial work182
10324030002xenophobiantense or irrational dislike or fear of people from other countries183
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AP World History Periodization Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
10507270110#1: Green Period8000bce - 600bce: Neolithic Revolution & River Valley Societies0
10507272187#2: Purple Period600 bce - 600ce: Classical Societies, trade networks, & religions1
10507272188#3: Yellow Period600 - 1450: Global interaction & spread of religion2
10507273216#4: Blue Period1450 - 1750: Maritime exploration & rise of the West3
10507273217#5: Orange Period1750 - 1900: Revolution, industry, & imperialism4
10507274249#6: Red Period1900 - present: Global conflict & new a new world order5
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