| 6716002279 | The Progressive movement drew its strength from __________. | middle-class reformers | | 0 |
| 6716005014 | The painters who were part of the Ashcan School focused their art on __________. | city life | | 1 |
| 6716007370 | During the Progressive era, __________. | urban development highlighted social inequalities | | 2 |
| 6716008167 | Muckrakers __________. | exposed the problems of industrial and urban life | | 3 |
| 6716008938 | The writer whose work encouraged the passage of the Meat Inspection Act was __________. | Upton Sinclair | | 4 |
| 6716009679 | Scientific management __________. | was pioneered by Frederick W. Taylor | | 5 |
| 6716015177 | Eugene V. Debs was __________. | a Socialist candidate for president | | 6 |
| 6716017649 | The Industrial Workers of the World __________. | advocated a workers' revolution | | 7 |
| 6716031728 | Margaret Sanger was a __________. | birth-control advocate | | 8 |
| 6716034265 | Jane Addams __________. | advocated for the working poor | | 9 |
| 6716039116 | A cause not widely championed by Progressives was __________. | civil rights for blacks | | 10 |
| 6716041472 | President Theodore Roosevelt __________. | helped striking coal miners to negotiate a favorable settlement with their employers | | 11 |
| 6716071966 | The Roosevelt Corollary __________. | claimed the right of the United States to act as a police power in the Western Hemisphere | | 12 |
| 6716084436 | Dollar Diplomacy __________. | was used by William Howard Taft instead of military intervention | | 13 |
| 6716085076 | From 1914 to 1916, U.S. intervention in Mexico __________. | demonstrated the weaknesses of Wilson's foreign policy | | 14 |
| 6716090935 | World War I __________. | was rooted in European contests over colonial possessions | | 15 |
| 6716095836 | What did the Fourteen Points attempt to do? | provide a peace agenda to create a new democratic world order | | 16 |
| 6716100801 | The Nineteenth Amendment __________. | barred states from using sex as a qualification for voting | | 17 |
| 6716102835 | The Espionage Act (1917) and the Sedition Act (1918) __________. | restricted freedom of speech | | 18 |
| 6716104425 | "Americanization" __________. | refers to the process of assimilation | | 19 |
| 6716105087 | W. E. B. Du Bois __________. | founded the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) | | 20 |
| 6716107167 | The Red Scare __________. | was an intense period of political intolerance inspired by labor strikes and fears of the Russian Revolution | | 21 |
| 6716110231 | Senators opposing America's participation in the League of Nations __________. | argued that it would threaten to deprive the country of its freedom of action | | 22 |
| 6716128638 | What did Calvin Coolidge believe was the chief business of the American people? | business | | 23 |
| 6716129341 | Railroads were to the late nineteenth century what __________ were to the 1920s. | cars | | 24 |
| 6716135915 | During the 1920s, consumer goods __________. | were frequently purchased on credit | | 25 |
| 6716136845 | Agriculture in the 1920s __________. | experienced declining incomes and increased bank foreclosures | | 26 |
| 6716139449 | The Teapot Dome scandal involved __________. | the secretary of the interior, who received money in exchange for leasing government oil reserves to private companies | | 27 |
| 6716142312 | The Scopes trial of 1925 __________. | pitted creationists against evolutionists | | 28 |
| 6716143030 | The Ku Klux Klan __________. | flourished in the early 1920s, especially in the North and West | | 29 |
| 6716150315 | The 1924 Immigration Act __________. | set quotas that favored immigration from northern and western Europe | | 30 |
| 6716150954 | Cultural pluralism __________. | described a society that gloried in ethnic diversity | | 31 |
| 6716157177 | What did "slumming" mean? | whites going to Harlem's dancehalls, jazz clubs, and speakeasies | | 32 |
| 6716158343 | What was a main cause of the Great Depression? | declining American purchasing power | | 33 |
| 6716186530 | The Great Depression and the economic crisis that ensued discredited supporters of __________. | unregulated capitalism | | 34 |
| 6716188812 | In his 1932 campaign for the presidency, Franklin D. Roosevelt promised Americans a policy change he called the __________. | New Deal | | 35 |
| 6716197558 | The first thing that Roosevelt attended to as president was the __________. | banking crisis | | 36 |
| 6716199127 | The Civilian Conservation Corps __________. | put young men to work in national parks | | 37 |
| 6716199789 | The Agricultural Adjustment Act __________. | raised farm prices by establishing quotas and paying farmers not to plant more | | 38 |
| 6716202991 | The Congress of Industrial Organizations __________. | created unions of industrial workers | | 39 |
| 6716205486 | The New Deal concentrated power in the hands of __________. | the executive branch | | 40 |
| 6716208748 | Roosevelt's "Court-packing" plan __________. | was criticized by many | | 41 |
| 6716218482 | The Indian New Deal __________. | included the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934 | | 42 |
| 6716220847 | What ended the Great Depression? | World War II spending | | 43 |
| 6716222302 | The New Deal failed to generate __________. | an economic recovery | | 44 |
| 6716232761 | muckrakers | Writers who exposed corruption and abuses in politics, business, meatpacking, child labor, and more, primarily in the first decade of the twentieth century; their popular books and magazine articles spurred public interest in reform. | | 45 |
| 6716252013 | child labor | In the early twentieth century, more than 2 million children under the age of fifteen worked for wages. | | 46 |
| 6716252737 | Ellis Island and Angel Island | Reception center in New York Harbor through which most European immigrants to America were processed from 1892 to 1954. | | 47 |
| 6716253279 | Mexican immigration | As Mexicans arrived in the United States, most became poorly paid agricultural, mine, and railroad laborers, with little prospect of upward economic mobility. | | 48 |
| 6716254894 | Fordism | Early twentieth-century term describing the economic system pioneered by Ford Motor Company based on high wages and mass consumption. | | 49 |
| 6716255705 | American standard of living | A new concept that came about from the maturation of the consumer economy; the idea that mass consumption came to occupy a central place in American society and its future. | | 50 |
| 6716256572 | Rerum Novarum | Pope Leo XIII's powerful statement of 1894 that criticized the divorce of economic life from ethical considerations, endorsed the right of workers to form unions, and repudiated competitive individualism in favor of a more cooperative vision of the good society.
Your Answer | | 51 |
| 6716257422 | ''scientific management'' | A program that sought to streamline production and boost profits by systematically controlling costs and work practices. | | 52 |
| 6716257455 | Industrial Workers of the World | Radical union organized in Chicago in 1905 and nicknamed the Wobblies; its opposition to World War I led to its destruction by the federal government under the Espionage Act. | | 53 |
| 6716259147 | ''New Feminism'' | Women's emancipation movement in the social, economic, cultural, and sexual spheres. | | 54 |
| 6716260011 | birth-control movement | A reform movement espousing the idea that right to control of one's body included the ability to enjoy an active sexual life without necessarily bearing women. Emma Goldman and Margaret Sanger were the leaders of this movement. | | 55 |
| 6716260626 | Society of American Indians | Founded in 1911, the Society of American Indians was a reform organization typical of the era. It brought together Indian intellectuals to promote discussion of the plight of Native Americans in the hope that public exposure would be the first step toward remedying injustice. | | 56 |
| 6716262102 | ''effective freedom'' | An idea put forth by John Dewey that freedom was a positive, not negative concept -- the ''power to do specific things.'' | | 57 |
| 6716262802 | maternalist reform | Policies such as mothers' pensions designed to improve the living standards of poor mothers and children. | | 58 |
| 6716263404 | Muller v. Oregon | A famous brief citing scientific and sociological studies to demonstrate that because they had less strength and endurance than men, long hours of labor were dangerous for women, while their unique ability to bear children gave the government a legitimate interest in their working conditions. | | 59 |
| 6716264739 | workmen's compensation laws | Laws enacted to benefit workers, male or female, injured on the job. | | 60 |
| 6716265880 | coal miner's strike of 1902 | A paralyzing strike that was ended when President Roosevelt threatened a federal takeover of the mines. | | 61 |
| 6716266774 | Pure Food and Drug Act | First law to regulate manufacturing of food and medicines; prohibited dangerous additives and inaccurate labeling. | | 62 |
| 6716267690 | Roosevelt and conservation | A federal policy to conserve natural resources. Under Roosevelt's leadership, millions of acres were set aside as preserves and national parks were created. | | 63 |
| 6716268354 | Federal Reserve System | A system of twelve regional banks overseen by a central board empowered to handle the issuance of currency, aid banks in danger of failing, and influence interest rates so as to promote economic growth. | | 64 |
| 6716270877 | Federal Trade Commission | Created to enforce existing antitrust laws that prohibited business combinations in restraint of trade. | | 65 |
| 6716272466 | ''liberal internationalism'' | Woodrow Wilson's foreign policy that rested on the conviction that economic and political progress go hand in hand. | | 66 |
| 6716272467 | Panama Canal Zone | A ten-mile wide strip of land on which was built a canal; its construction drastically reduced the time it took for commercial and naval vessels to sail from the Atlantic to the Pacific Oceans. | | 67 |
| 6716273511 | yellow fever | A malady that struck many workers on the Panama Canal project. | | 68 |
| 6716275568 | Roosevelt Corollary | An addendum to the Monroe Doctrine that held that the United States had the right to exercise "an international police power" in the Western Hemisphere. | | 69 |
| 6716277085 | ''moral imperialism'' | Woodrow Wilson's idea that Americans were ''meant to carry liberty and justice'' throughout the world.'' | | 70 |
| 6716277775 | sinking of the Lusitania | An incident in 1915 wherein a British liner was sunk by a German submarine off the coast of Ireland. | | 71 |
| 6716277776 | Zimmerman Telegram | From the German foreign secretary to the German minister in Mexico, February 1917, instructing him to offer to recover Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona for Mexico if it would fight the United States to divert attention from Germany in the event that the United States joined the war. | | 72 |
| 6716278581 | Fourteen Points | President Woodrow Wilson's 1918 plan for peace after World War I; at the Versailles peace conference, however, he failed to incorporate all of the points into the treaty. | | 73 |
| 6716279694 | Selective Service Act | Enacted in 1917; required 24 million men to register with the draft. | | 74 |
| 6716279695 | War Industries Board | Run by financier Bernard Baruch, the board planned production and allocation of war materiel, supervised purchasing, and fixed prices, 1917-1919. | | 75 |
| 6716280953 | Committee on Public Information | Created in 1917 by the Wilson administration to explain to Americans and the world that ''the cause that compelled America to take arms in defense of its liberties and free institutions.'' | | 76 |
| 6716281375 | Espionage Act | The Espionage Act of 1917 prohibited not only spying and interfering with the draft but also "false statements" that might impede military success. | | 77 |
| 6716286142 | Sedition Act | In 1918, the Sedition Act made it a crime to make spoken or printed statements that intended to cast contempt, scorn, or disrepute on the form of government, or that advocated interference with the war effort | | 78 |
| 6716288653 | American Protective League | An organization that helped the Justice Department identify radicals and critics of the war by spying on their neighbors and carrying out ''slacker raids'' in which thousands of men were stopped on the streets of major cities and required to produce draft registration cards. | | 79 |
| 6716289334 | intelligence quotient | Lewis Terman introduced the term "IQ" (intelligence quotient) in 1916, claiming that this single number could measure an individual's mental capacity. | | 80 |
| 6716291190 | Brownsville affair | In 1906, when a small group of black soldiers shot off their guns in Brownsville, Texas, killing one resident, and none of their fellows would name them, Roosevelt ordered the dishonorable discharge of three black companies 156 men in all, including six winners of the Congressional Medal of Honor. | | 81 |
| 6716292549 | National Association for the Advancement of Colored People | Founded in 1910, this civil rights organization brought lawsuits against discriminatory practices and published The Crisis, a journal edited by African-American scholar W. E. B. Du Bois. | | 82 |
| 6716293061 | Garveyites | Followers of Marcus Garvey for whom freedom meant national self-determination. | | 83 |
| 6716293063 | United States in Russia | Wilson's policies toward the Soviet Union revealed the contradictions within the liberal internationalist vision. On the one hand, in keeping with the principles of the Fourteen Points and its goal of a worldwide economic open door, Wilson hoped to foster trade with the new government. On the other, fear of communism as a source of international instability and a threat to private property inspired military intervention in Russia | | 84 |
| 6716294112 | Red Scare | Fear among many Americans after World War I of Communists in particular and noncitizens in general, a reaction to the Russian Revolution, mail bombs, strikes, and riots. | | 85 |
| 6716304232 | Sacco-Vanzetti case | A well-known case in which two Italian-American anarchists were found guilty and executed for a crime in which there was very little evidence linking them to the particular crime. | | 86 |
| 6716305555 | ''the American way of life'' | Even as unemployment remained high in Britain throughout the 1920s, and inflation and war reparations payments crippled the German economy, Hollywood films spread images of "the American way of life" across the globe. | | 87 |
| 6716306030 | The Man Nobody Knows | The Man Nobody Knows, a 1925 best-seller by advertising executive Bruce Barton, portrayed Jesus Christ as "the greatest advertiser of his day, . . . a virile go-getting he-man of business," who "picked twelve men from the bottom ranks and forged a great organization." | | 88 |
| 6716306764 | rise of the stock market | In the 1920s, as the steadily rising price of stocks made front-page news, the market attracted more investors. Many assumed that stock values would rise forever. By 1928, an estimated 1.5 million Americans owned stock, still a small minority of the country's 28 million families, but far more than in the past. | | 89 |
| 6716307925 | ''welfare capitalism'' | A more socially conscious kind of business leadership. | | 90 |
| 6716308032 | Equal Rights Amendment | A proposed amendment to eliminate all legal distinctions ''on account of sex.'' | | 91 |
| 6716309133 | the ''flapper'' | With her bobbed hair, short skirts, public smoking and drinking, and unapologetic use of birth-control methods such as the diaphragm, the young, single "flapper" epitomized the change in standards of sexual behavior, at least in large cities. | | 92 |
| 6716317567 | Teapot Dome scandal | Harding administration scandal in which Secretary of the Interior Albert B. Fall profited from secret leasing to private oil companies of government oil reserves at Teapot Dome, Wyoming, and Elk Hills, California. | | 93 |
| 6716318514 | McNary-Haugan farm bill | Vetoed by President Calvin Coolidge in 1927 and 1928, the bill to aid farmers would have artificially raised agricultural prices by selling surpluses overseas for low prices and selling the reduced supply in the United States for higher prices. | | 94 |
| 6716318581 | Hays code | In 1922, the film industry adopted the Hays code, a sporadically enforced set of guidelines that prohibited movies from depicting nudity, long kisses, and adultery, and barred scripts that portrayed clergymen in a negative light or criminals sympathetically. | | 95 |
| 6716320912 | American Civil Liberties Union | Organization founded during World War I to protest the suppression of freedom of expression in wartime; played a major role in court cases that achieved judicial recognition of Americans civil liberties. | | 96 |
| 6716321375 | ''clear and present danger'' | Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes declared that the First Amendment did not prevent Congress from prohibiting speech that presented a "clear and present danger" of inspiring illegal actions. Free speech, he observed, "would not protect a man in falsely shouting fire in a theater and causing a panic." | | 97 |
| 6716322491 | Scopes trial | Trial of John Scopes, Tennessee teacher accused of violating state law prohibiting teaching of the theory of evolution; it became a nationally celebrated confrontation between religious fundamentalism and civil liberties. | | 98 |
| 6716322996 | ''100 percent Americanism'' | Few features of urban life seemed more alien to rural and small-town native-born Protestants than their immigrant populations and cultures. The wartime obsession with "100 percent Americanism" continued into the 1920s, a decade of citizenship education programs in public schools, legally sanctioned visits to immigrants homes to investigate their house- hold arrangements, and vigorous efforts by employers to instill appreciation for American values. | | 99 |
| 6716324736 | ''illegal alien'' | The law of 1924 established, in effect, for the first time a new category the illegal alien. With it came a new enforcement mechanism, the Border Patrol, charged with policing the land boundaries of the United States and empowered to arrest and deport persons who entered the country in violation of the new nationality quotas or other restrictions. | | 100 |
| 6716326722 | the ''new Negro'' | The term "New Negro," associated in politics with pan-Africanism and the militancy of the Garvey movement, in art meant the rejection of established stereotypes and a search for black values to put in their place. This quest led the writers of what came to be called the Harlem Renaissance to the roots of the black experience Africa, the rural South's folk traditions, and the life of the urban ghetto. | | 101 |
| 6716327919 | bonus marchers | In the spring of 1932, 20,000 unemployed World War I veterans descended on Washington to demand early payment of a bonus due in 1945, only to be driven away by federal soldiers led by the army's chief of staff, Douglas MacArthur. | | 102 |
| 6716329281 | ''public works revolution'' | The Roosevelt administration spent far more money on building roads, dams, airports, bridges, and housing than any other activity in the 1930s. | | 103 |
| 6716329282 | bank holiday | By March 1933, banking had been suspended in a majority of the states that is, people could not gain access to money in their bank accounts. Roosevelt declared a "bank holiday," temporarily halting all bank operations. | | 104 |
| 6716331669 | the Hundred Days | Extraordinarily productive first three months of President Franklin D. Roosevelt's administration in which a special session of Congress enacted fifteen of his New Deal proposals. | | 105 |
| 6716334859 | National Recovery Administration | The National Recovery Administration (NRA), created to work with groups of business leaders to establish industry codes that set standards for output, prices, and working conditions. | | 106 |
| 6716335171 | Public Works Administration | One section of the National Industrial Recovery Act created the Public Works Administration (PWA), with an appropriation of $3.3 billion. Directed by Secretary of the Interior Harold Ickes, it built roads, schools, hospitals, and other public facilities. | | 107 |
| 6716336142 | Agricultural Adjustment Act | New Deal legislation that established the Agricultural Adjustment Administration (AAA) to improve agricultural prices by limiting market sup- plies; declared unconstitutional in United States v. Butler (1936). | | 108 |
| 6716336767 | Dust Bowl | Great Plains counties where millions of tons of topsoil were blown away from parched farmland in the 1930s; massive migration of farm families followed. | | 109 |
| 6716337508 | sit-down strike | Tactic adopted by labor unions in the mid- and late 1930s, whereby striking workers refused to leave factories, making production impossible; proved highly effective in the organizing drive of the Congress of Industrial Organizations. | | 110 |
| 6716337525 | Share Our Wealth movement | Launched in 1934, its slogan was 'Every Man a King'; the group called for the confiscation of most of the wealth of the richest Americans in order to finance an immediate grant of $5,000 and a guaranteed job and annual income for all citizens. | | 111 |
| 6716338355 | Townsend plan | Dr. Francis Townsend, a California physician, won wide support for a plan by which the government would make a monthly payment of $200 to older Americans, with the requirement that they spend it immediately. | | 112 |
| 6716338466 | Rural Electrification Agency | Created to bring electric power to homes that lacked it, 80 percent of farms were still without electricity in 1934, in part to enable more Americans to purchase household appliances. | | 113 |
| 6716340436 | Works Progress Administration | Part of the Second New Deal, it provided jobs for millions of the unemployed on construction and arts projects. | | 114 |
| 6716341191 | Social Security Act | Created the Social Security system with provisions for a retirement pension, unemployment insurance, disability insurance, and public assistance (welfare). | | 115 |
| 6716341989 | court-packing plan | President Franklin D. Roosevelt's failed 1937 attempt to increase the number of U.S. Supreme Court justices from nine to fifteen in order to save his Second New Deal programs from constitutional challenges. | | 116 |
| 6716343004 | minimum wage laws | Beginning in March 1937, the Court suddenly revealed a new willingness to support economic regulation by both the federal government and the states. It upheld a minimum wage law of the state of Washington similar to the New York measure it had declared unconstitutional a year earlier. | | 117 |
| 6716344240 | Indian New Deal | Under Commissioner of Indian Affairs John Collier, the administration launched an "Indian New Deal". Collier ended the policy of forced assimilation and allowed Indians unprecedented cultural autonomy. He replaced boarding schools meant to eradicate the tribal heritage of Indian children with schools on reservations, and dramatically increased spending on Indian health. | | 118 |
| 6716344950 | the Popular Front | At the height of the Popular Front, a period during the mid-1930s when the Communist Party sought to ally itself with socialists and New Dealers in movements for social change, urging reform of the capitalist system rather than revolution Communists gained an unprecedented respectability. | | 119 |
| 6716348203 | ''Scottsboro boys'' | A case in which nine young black men were arrested for the rape of two white women in Alabama in 1931. Despite the weakness of the evidence against the "Scottsboro boys" and the fact that one of the two accusers recanted, Alabama authorities three times put them on trial and three times won convictions. Landmark Supreme Court decisions overturned the first two verdicts and established legal principles that greatly expanded the definition of civil liberties that defendants have a constitutional right to effective legal representation, and that states cannot systematically exclude blacks from juries. But the Court allowed the third set of convictions to stand, which led to prison sentences for five of the defendants. | | 120 |
| 6716349728 | Smith Act | This legislation made it a federal crime to ''teach, advocate, or encourage'' the overthrow of the government. | | 121 |
| 6716349729 | House Un-American Activities Committee | Formed in 1938 to investigate subversives in the government and holders of radical ideas more generally; best-known investigations were of Hollywood notables and of former State Department official Alger Hiss, who was accused in 1948 of espionage and Communist Party membership. Abolished in 1975. | | 122 |
| 6716352239 | Four Freedoms | Freedom of speech, freedom of worship, freedom from want, and freedom from fear. | | 123 |
| 6716352240 | Good Neighbor Policy | Proclaimed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in his first inaugural address in 1933, it sought improved diplomatic relations between the United States and its Latin American neighbors. | | 124 |
| 6716353221 | isolationism | Isolationism "the 1930s version of Americans" long-standing desire to avoid foreign entanglements, dominated Congress. Beginning in 1935, lawmakers passed a series of Neutrality Acts that banned travel on belligerents ships and the sale of arms to countries at war. | | 125 |
| 6716356456 | Nye committee and Neutrality Acts | Senate hearings in 1934-1935 headed by Gerald P. Nye of North Dakota revealed that international bankers and arms exporters had pressed the Wilson administration to enter that war and had profited handsomely from it. / Beginning in 1935, lawmakers passed a series of Neutrality Acts that banned travel on belligerents ships and the sale of arms to countries at war. | | 126 |
| 6716358080 | Lend-Lease Act | Permitted the United States to lend or lease arms and other supplies to the Allies, signifying increasing likelihood of American involvement in World War II. | | 127 |
| 6716359639 | Bataan ''death march'' | At Bataan, in the Philippines, the Japanese forced 78,000 American and Filipino troops to lay down their arms, the largest surrender in American military history. Thousands perished on the ensuing "death march" to a prisoner-of-war camp, and thousands more died of disease and starvation after they arrived. | | 128 |
| 6716360939 | D-Day | June 6, 1944, when an Allied amphibious assault landed on the Normandy coast and established a foothold in Europe, leading to the liberation of France from German occupation. | | 129 |
| 6716362633 | Holocaust | Hitler embarked on the "final solution," the mass extermination of "undesirable" peoples Slavs, gypsies, homosexuals, and, above all, Jews. By 1945, 6 million Jewish men, women, and children had died in Nazi death camps. | | 130 |
| 6716365376 | Office of War Information | Office of War Information (OWI), created in 1942 to mobilize public opinion, illustrates how the political divisions generated by the New Deal affected efforts to promote the Four Freedoms. The liberal Democrats who dominated the OWI's writing staff sought to make the conflict a people's war for freedom. | | 131 |
| 6716367499 | War Advertising Council | Under the watchful eye of the War Advertising Council, private companies joined in the campaign to promote wartime patriotism, while positioning themselves and their brand names for the postwar world. | | 132 |
| 6716367802 | Rosie the Riveter | Private advertising celebrated the achievements of Rosie the Riveter, the female industrial laborer depicted as muscular and self-reliant in Norman Rockwell's famous magazine cover. | | 133 |
| 6716368533 | Economic Bill of Rights | Mindful that public-opinion polls showed a large majority of Americans favoring a guarantee of employment for those who could not find work, the president in 1944 called for an "Economic Bill of Rights." The original Bill of Rights restricted the power of government in the name of liberty. FDR proposed to expand its power in order to secure full employment, an adequate income, medical care, education, and a decent home for all Americans. | | 134 |
| 6716369610 | GI Bill of Rights | The "GI Bill of Rights" provided money for education and other benefits to military personnel returning from World War II. | | 135 |
| 6716371765 | ''patriotic assimilation'' | bracero program | | 136 |
| 6716371811 | bracero program | System agreed to by Mexican and American governments in 1942 under which tens of thousands of Mexicans entered the United States to work temporarily in agricultural jobs in the Southwest; lasted until 1964 and inhibited labor organization among farm workers since braceros could be deported at any time. | | 137 |
| 6716372357 | zoot suit riots | The "zoot suit" riots of 1943, in which club-wielding sailors and policemen attacked Mexican-American youths wearing flamboyant clothing on the streets of Los Angeles, illustrated the limits of wartime tolerance. | | 138 |
| 6716373538 | Executive Order 9066 | Promulgated in February 1942, this ordered the expulsion of all persons of Japanese descent from the West Coast. | | 139 |
| 6716373895 | Korematsu v. United States | In 1944, the Supreme Court denied the appeal of Fred Korematsu, a Japanese-American citizen who had been arrested for refusing to present himself for internment. | | 140 |
| 6716374887 | Executive Order 8802 | This order banned discrimination in defense jobs and established a Fair Employment Practices Commission (FEPC) to monitor compliance. | | 141 |
| 6716384224 | ''double-V'' | In February 1942, the Pittsburgh Courier coined the phrase that came to symbolize black attitudes during the war the "double-V." Victory over Germany and Japan, it insisted, must be accompanied by victory over segregation at home. | | 142 |
| 6716386399 | Manhattan Project | Secret American program during World War II to develop an atomic bomb; J. Robert Oppenheimer led the team of physicists at Los Alamos, New Mexico. | | 143 |
| 6716386488 | Yalta conference | Meeting of Franklin D. Roosevelt, Winston Churchill, and Joseph Stalin at a Crimean resort to discuss the postwar world on February 4-11, 1945; Joseph Stalin claimed large areas in eastern Europe for Soviet domination. | | 144 |
| 6716388359 | Bretton Woods conference | Town in New Hampshire and site of international agreement in 1944 by which the American dollar replaced the British pound as the most important international currency, and the World Bank and International Monetary Fund were created to promote rebuilding after World War II and to ensure that countries did not devalue their currencies. | | 145 |
| 6775546114 | Why did citizens and government officials call for increased intervention in the economy? | Because of the economic downturns led to calls for government involvement and the creation of a stronger financial regulatory sytem. | | 146 |
| 6775574013 | Assembly Line | Goods were produced faster and was created by Henry Ford and helped lower prices of goods. | | 147 |
| 6775654315 | Why did the US transform from a rural to industrial society? How did this affect the lives of women and other Americans? | | | 148 |
| 6775654316 | How did the New Deal change the relationship between the government and the economy? | | | 149 |
| 6775654317 | Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) | 1. Created to insure bank deposits
2. Drastically decreased the number of bank failures | | 150 |
| 6775654318 | What are the characteristics of progressive reformers? | Predominantly middle class, women and lived in cities | | 151 |
| 6775654319 | Jane Addams | Created the Hull house and other settlement houses for women, education and immigrants | | 152 |
| 6775654320 | 17th amendment | Direct election of senators | | 153 |
| 6775654321 | Clayton Antitrust Act | Strengthened the Sherman Antitrust Act, exempted unions from prosecution | | 154 |
| 6775654322 | Florence Kelley | Key member of the National Consumers League which focused on child labor, food safety and poor working conditions | | 155 |
| 6775654323 | Huey Long | "Every Man a King" which proposed giving $5000 to citizens by taxing the wealthy | | 156 |
