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Biochemistry Flashcards

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5744959696PhospholipidA lipid with two fatty acid molecules joined by a molecule of glycerol.0
5744964695SteroidA lipid containing 4 attached carbon rings.1
5744966315TriglycerideA lipid made of 3 fatty acids and 1 molecule of glycerol.2
5744967076Saturated fatty acidA fatty acid containing no double carbon bonds and the maximum number of hydrogen atoms.3
5744977768Unsaturated fatty acidA fatty acid containing double or triple bonds and less than the maximum number of hydrogen atoms.4
5744982037Polyunsaturated fatty acidA fatty acid containing many double or triple bonds.5
5744985607Trans fatAn unsaturated fat that has been changed to a saturated fat.6
5744989126Lipid bilayerTwo layers of phospholipids7
5745003585MacromoleculesA molecule composed of a very large number of atoms.8
5745009837MonomerA small molecular structure that can chemically bond to other monomers to form a polymer.9
5745024153PolymerA very large molecule made from simple units.10
5745028952Organic compoundA compound that contains carbon11
5745035279LipidA macromolecule that is not soluble in water.12

AP Language Vocab Section 5 Flashcards

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7970672954abrogatepos: verb d: abolish, do away with, annul by authoritative act s: annul, abolish a: establish, confirm, found0
7970672955arcanepos: adjective d: mysterious s: mystical, secret, kabbalistic, eerie, esoteric, weird, uncanny a: clear, common, known1
7970672956bowdlerizepos: verb d: Remove or alter passages that are thought to be inappropriate s: censor, bleep, screen, expurgate a: approve, authorize2
7970672957conciliatorypos: adjective d: tending to win over or soothe, reconcile s: appeasing, calming, tranquilizing, placating a: alienating, antagonizing, fomenting, inciting, provoking3
7970672958cossetpos: verb d: to treat as a pet or pamper s: coddle, baby, indulge, caress, fondle, love a: abuse, mistreat, manhandle4
7970672959draconianpos: adjective d: extremely harsh or severe s: rigid, stringent, strict, permissiveness a: lenient, permitting, flexible5
7970672960echelonpos: noun d: arrangement of troops in a step-like formation s: level, rank, line, tier, row a: ---6
7970672961enjoinpos: verb d: instruct or urge; to require or forbid s: order, encourage, decree, dictate, impose a: yield, submit, agree, acquiesce, comply, conform, obey, cede7
7970672962ersatzpos: adjective d: a substitution or imitation, usually with something inferior s: artificial, synthetic, fake, bogus, spurious a: authentic, genuine8
7970672963fomentpos: verb (needs object) d: to instigate or stir up violence/trouble s: incite, goad, spur, prod, nurture a: repress, suppress, quell, prevent ex: He fomented revolution9
7970672964importunepos: verb d: to ask someone to do something repeatedly s: beg, implore, annoy with pressing demands, plead, whine a: hint, imply, suggest10
7970672965inchoatepos: adjective d: just begun and not fully formed; at an early stage; not well organized s: incomplete, undeveloped, incompletely formed, disordered, formless. muddled. incohesive a: established, synthesized, developed, organized , founded11
7970672966jurisprudencepos: noun d: the science or philosophy of law s: a legal system12
7970672967salientpos: 1) adjective 2) noun d: something that stands out 1) most noticeable or important 2) a piece of land that juts out at an angle s: supreme, significant , obtrusive a: inconspicuous, covert13
7970672968spuriouspos: adjective d: not coming from the right source; not being what it reports to be s: illegitimate, false, artificial, pseudo, inauthentic, counterfeit, bogus, fraudulent, apocryphal a: authentic, actual, real, true, genuine, authoritative, bona fide14
7970672969vitiatepos: verb d: to spoil or impair the quality of, destroy the legal validity of s: to impair, destroy, injure, twist, warp, defile, soil, sully, contaminate, taint a: purify, improve, restore15

AP Language Unit 4 Vocabulary Flashcards

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6201330193Accostto approach and speak first0
6201331976Acrimoniousstinging, bitter in temper or tone1
6201332811Bigotone obstinately or intolerantly devoted to his own belief or opinion2
6201337791Censureblame; criticize3
6201338924Cessationa stopping, ceasing4
6201342484Deleteriousharmful, injurious5
6201344204Elaborationaddition of details; intricacy6
6201348329Fastidiousoverly demanding or hard to please; excessively careful in regard to details7
6201351079Gluttonsomeone who eats too much8
6201352243Hedonismbelief that pleasure is the sole aim in life9
6201354854Impedetop stop in progress; obstruct; hinder10
6201357606Impetuousrushing with force and violence; hasty; impulsive11
6201363656Legacygift made by a will12
6201364603Marreddamaged; disfigured13
6201366480Obstinatestubborn14
6201367375Pariahan outcast; one who is rejected by a social group or organization15
6201373158Salubrioushealthy; conductive to well-being; beneficial; healthful16
6201391862Temperto moderate; tone down or restrain17
6201399180Unkemptnot combed; untidy; not well kept18
6201400428Verbosewordy19

AP World History Vocab Flashcards

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7276980079agriculturethe science of farming practice, including acuiring soil for growing crops and rearing of animals to supply things like food and wool0
7276985075abolute rulera dictatorship or a form of government where the ruler is a complete dictator1
7276990530aristocracya form of government that the highest class in some places are the ones holding hereditary offices or titles2
7276995201bureaucracya type of government where most decisions are made by state officials instead of elected representatives3
7277000533chiefdoma form of hierarchial political organization in non industrial societies usually based on kinship4
7277006212city-statesoverign state, or a type of small independant country, that is most often made up of a single city and its dependant territories5
7277042563coup de tatthe unjust and openly taking of a state by the military and other elites within a state6
7277048627democracya system of government by the whole population or all the eligible members of a state, usually through elected representatives7
7277057598dynastya succession of people from the same family who play a dominant role in business, politics, or another field8
7277067762hereditary monarchywhere all the monarchs come from the same family, and the crown is passed down from one member to another member of the family9
7277073005kingmale ruler of an independent state or country that has a royal family10
7277077262queenthe female ruler of an independent state, especially one who inherits the role by right of birth11
7277080674emperora sovereign ruler of great power and rank, especially one ruling an empire12
7277084005rulera person who is exercising government or dominion13
7277098383matriarchya system of society or government ruled by a woman or women14
7277100024oligarchya small group of people having control of a country, organization, or institution15
7277106603patriarchya system of society or government in which the father or the eldest male is head of the family and descent is traced through the male line16
7277112050theocracya system of government in which priests rule in the name of God or a go17
7277117296revolutiona forcible overthrow of a government or social order in favor of a new system18
7277119908gender rolesthe role or behavior learned by a person as appropriate to their gender, determined by the prevailing cultural norms19
7277141346indentured servanta person under contract to work for another person for a definite period of time, most of the time without pay but in exchange for a passage into a new country20
7277146954merchantsa person or company involved in wholesale trade, especially one dealing with foreign countries or supplying merchandise to a particular trade21
7277153820nobilitya social class that is normally ranked directly under royalty22
7277159476peasanta poor farmer of low social status who owns or rents a small piece of land for cultivation23
7277161981rurala geographic area that is located outside of places such as main cities or towns24
7277165034scribea person who copies out documents25
7277166543serfstatus of peasants under feudalism26
7277167614shamana person regarded as having access to, and influence in, the world of good and evil spirits, especially among some peoples of northern asia and north america27
7277174155slavea person who is forced to work for little to no pay in poor conditions28
7277177630urbanin, relating to, or a characteristic of a city or town29
7277185780afterlifethe belief that a key part of a persons identity keeps living after a person dies30
7277201670casteeach of the hereditary classes of hindu society, distinguished by relative degrees of ritual purity or pollution and of social status31
7277216579deitiessupernatural, divine, or sacred beings32
7277218361epic of gilgameshan ancient mesopotamian poem that is said to be the first, or earliest, great piece of literature33
7277224125godssupernatural beings that are said to be divine or sacred34
7277263355karmayour destiny or fate, which follows as the effect from cause35
7277265796monotheismthe belief in one, all powerful, God who created the world36
7277276763mandate of heaventhe idea that there was only one real ruler of China and that he was chosen by the Gods37
7277289618mummificationa practice used to help someone get into the afterlife38
7277291941mythologythe myths that certain people who believed them collected and studied39
7277294863oracle bonesthe shoulder blades of oxen or plastrons or turtles which were used in the shang dynasty of china for divination40
7277299037polytheismthe belief or worship in more then one God41
7277301630pyramida structure used to house royal people who have died in cultures like mexican and the egyptian empire42
7277311626ritualreligious or solemn ceremonies consisting of a series of actions performed according to a prescribed order43
7277316460satithe hindu custom that a widow would commit suicide either during or after their husbands funeral44
7277320840sacrificean act of slaughtering an animal or person or giving something up as an offering to God or to give a divine or supernatural figure45
7277327132scripturesthe sacred writings of christianity contained in the bible, or sacred writings of another religion46
7277331817templesstructures reserved for worship, or regarded as the dwelling place, of a god or gods or other objects of religious reference47
7277351419Yah Wehthe hebrew name for God and God was referred to as this in the Bible48
7277354176zigguratsrectangular stepped tower, sometimes surmounted by a temple49

AP World History Chapter 16 Flashcards

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3499306443Cape of Good Hopesouthern tip of Africa; first circumnavigated in 1488 by Portuguese0
3499314385Columbus, ChristopherGenoese captain in service of king and queen of Castile and Aragon; successfully sailed to New World and returned in 1492; initiated European discoveries in Americas1
4008673862Magellan, Ferdinand(1480-1521) Spanish captain who in 1519 initiated first circumnavigation of the globe; died during the voyage; allowed Spain to claim Phillipines2
4008694708Dutch East India CompanyJoint stock company that obtained government monopoly over trade in Asia; acted as virtually independent government in regions it claimed3
4008703823British East India CompanyJoint stock company that obtained government monopoly over trade in India; acted as virtually independent government in regions it claimed4
4008711128LepantoNaval battle between the Spanish and the Ottoman Empire resulting in a Spanish victory in 15715
4008715703core nationsNations, usually Europeans, that enjoyed profit from world economy; controlled international banking and commercial services such as shipping; exported manufactured goods for raw materials6
4008725027mercantilismEconomic theory that stressed government's promotion of limitation of imports from other nations and internal economies in order to improve tax revenues; popular during 17th and 18th centuries in Europe7
4008741736Balboa, Vasco de(c. 1475-1519) First Spanish captain to begin settlement on the mainland of Mesoamerica in 1509; initial settlement eventually led to conquest of Aztec and Inca empires of other captains8
4008751334Pizarro, FranciscoLed conquest of Inca Empire of Peru beginning in 1535; by 1540, most of Inca possessions fell to the Spanish9
4008758892Seven Years WarFought both in continental Europe and also in overseas colonies between 1756 and 1763; resulted in Prussian seizures of land from Austria, English seizures of colonies in India and North America10
4008765820Treaty of ParisArranged in 1763 following Seven Years War; granted New France to England in exchange for return of French sugar island in Caribbean11
4008776197Cape ColonyDutch colony established at Cape of Good Hope in 1652 initially to provide a coastal station for the Dutch seaborne empire; by 1770 settlements had expanded sufficiently to come into conflict with the Bantus12
4008784946BoersDutch settlers in Cape Colony, in southern Africa13
4008789745CalcuttaHeadquarters of British East India Company in Bengal in Indian subcontinent; located in the Ganges; captured in 1756 during early part of Seven Years War; later became administrative center for all of Bengal14

AP Literature Vocab for 12/14 Flashcards

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5687327963SENTENCE: CHIASMUSChiasmus is a rhetorical device in which two or more clauses are balanced against each other by the reversal of their structures in order to produce an artistic effect. "Never let a Fool Kiss You or a Kiss Fool You." "Do I love you because you're beautiful? Or are you beautiful because I love you?" "One should eat to live not live to eat." Notice that the second half of the above mentioned sentence is an inverted form of the first half both grammatically and logically. In the simplest sense, the term chiasmus applies to almost all "criss-cross" structures and this is the concept that is common these days. In its strict classical sense, however, the function of chiasmus is to reverse grammatical structure or ideas of sentences given that the same words and phrases are not repeated.0
5687349551ambulatoryadjective relating to or adapted for walking; able to walk; relating to patients who are able to walk; movable; mobile. "an ambulatory ophthalmic service" "an ambulatory patient" noun a place for walking, especially an aisle around the apse or a cloister in a church or monastery.1
5687856205brazenadjective - bold and without shame. "he went about his illegal business with a brazen assurance" synonyms: bold, shameless, unashamed, unabashed, unembarrassed - made of brass. - harsh in sound. "the music's brazen chords" verb to endure an embarrassing or difficult situation by behaving with apparent confidence and lack of shame. synonyms: put on a bold front, stand one's ground, be defiant, be unrepentant, be unabashed "we were shaking in our boots, but we brazened it out"2
5687863361dinnoun - a loud, unpleasant, and prolonged noise. "the fans made an awful din" synonyms: noise, racket, rumpus, ruckus, cacophony, babel, hubbub, tumult, uproar, commotion, clatter verb - to make (someone) learn or remember something by constant repetition. "the doctrine that has been dinned into all our heads" synonyms: instill, inculcate, drive, drum, hammer, drill, ingrain - to make a loud, unpleasant, and prolonged noise. "the sound dinning in my ears was the telephone ringing" synonyms: blare, blast, clang, clatter, crash, clamor "the sound dinning in my ears"3
5687863362ennuinoun a feeling of listlessness and dissatisfaction arising from a lack of occupation or excitement. synonyms: boredom, tedium, listlessness, lethargy, lassitude, languor, weariness, enervation4
5687863363exonerateverb - (especially of an official body) to absolve (someone) from blame for a fault or wrongdoing, especially after due consideration of the case. "the court-martial exonerated me" synonyms: absolve, clear, acquit, find innocent, discharge; exculpate "the inquiry exonerated them" - to release someone from (a duty or obligation). synonyms: release, discharge, free, liberate5
5687866915inscrutableadjective impossible to understand or interpret. "Guy looked blankly inscrutable" synonyms: enigmatic, mysterious, unreadable, inexplicable, unexplainable, incomprehensible, impenetrable, unfathomable, unknowable6
5687870714prognosticateverb to foretell or prophesy (an event in the future). synonyms: forecast, predict, prophesy, foretell, foresee, forewarn of "economists were prognosticating financial Armageddon"7
5687870715schismnoun - a split or division between strongly opposed sections or parties, caused by differences in opinion or belief. synonyms: division, split, rift, breach, rupture, break, separation, severance - the formal separation of a church into two churches or the secession of a group owing to doctrinal and other differences.8
5687870716seditionnoun conduct or speech inciting people to rebel against the authority of a state or monarch. synonyms: rabble-rousing, incitement to rebel, subversion, troublemaking, provocation9
5687870717wizenedadjective shriveled or wrinkled with age. "a wizened, weather-beaten old man" synonyms: wrinkled, lined, creased, shriveled (up), withered, weather-beaten, shrunken, gnarled, aged "their wizened faces said much about the hard lives they had endured"10

AP Lang Vocabulary Unit 5 Flashcards

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7918828943amnesty(n) a general pardon for an offense against a government; in general, any act of forgiveness or absolution0
7918832794autonomy(n) self-government, political control1
7918834998axiomatic(adj.) self-evident, expressing a universally accepted principle2
7918841337blazon(v) to adorn or embellish; to display conspicuously; to publish or proclaim widely3
7918844734caveat(n) a warning or caution to prevent misunderstanding or discourage behavior4
7918848378equitable(adj.) fair, just, embodying principles of justice5
7918854132extricate(v) to free from entanglements or difficulties; to remove with effort6
7918858556filch(v) to steal, especially in a sneaky way and in petty amounts7
7918862399flout(v) to mock, treat with contempt8
7918865643fractious(adj.) tending to be troublesome; unruly, quarrelsome, contrary; unpredictable9
7918870673precept(n) a rule of conduct or action10
7918873789salutary(adj.) beneficial, helpful; healthful, wholesome11
7918877626scathing(adj.) bitterly severe, withering; causing great harm12
7918881512scourge(v) to whip, punish severely; (n) a cause of affliction or suffering; a source of severe punishment or criticism13
7918903530sepulchral(adj.) funeral, typical of the tomb; extremely gloomy or dismal14
7918907912soporific(adj.) tending to cause sleep, relating to sleepiness or lethargy; (n) something that induces sleep15
7918921172straitlaced(adj.) extremely strict in regard to moral standards and conduct; prudish, puritanical16
7918929967transient(adj.) lasting only a short time, fleeting; (n) one who stays only a short time17
7918934155unwieldy(adj.) not easily carried, handled, or managed because of size or complexity18
7918940671vapid(adj.) dull, uninteresting, tiresome; lacking in sharpness, flavor, liveliness, or force19

AP Literature Vocabulary Flashcards

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7216674180plaintivemournful sounding0
7216674471engenderto give rise to a feeling or situation1
7216675555portentousto be like a warning that something momentous will occur2
7216676595portend or portentto warn that something momentous will occur3
7216679358capriciousvolatile to sudden changes of mood or behavior4
7216679728semblancethe outward appearance of something5
7216686401countenancea person's face or expressions support admit as acceptable6
7216688091penuryextreme poverty7
7216688841conjecturespeculation based on incomplete evidence to form speculation based on incomplete evidence8
7216689876desolateto be in a state on bleak emptiness9
7216697263inexorableimpossible to stop10
7216697507asceticcharacterized by extreme self-discipline a person who practices extreme self-discipline11
7216699005sardoniccynical12
7216699006sullengloomy and sulky13
7216714646impetuousacting quickly without thought14
7216716340peremptoryinsisting on immediate attention or obedience15
7216716346equivocalambiguous16
7216716873soporificsleep inducing17
7216722507transitorynot permanent18
7216722836approbationapproval or praise19
7216722837sanguineoptimism in a difficult situation blood red color20
7216727886prodigalwastefully extravagant a person who is wastefully extravagant21
7216728216calumnyslander (making of false deflamatory statements to damage someone's reputation)22
7216732597discernto distinguish or recognize something23
7216734345acquieseto accept reluctantly24
7216735096profligatewasteful in the use of resources an immoral person25
7216736815propitiousindicating a good chance of success26
7216738672languidslow and relaxed weak from illness27
7216813957venerateto regard with great respect28
7216814152sententiousgiven to moralizing in a pompous manner29
7216814367phlegmaticpossessing an unemotional disposition30
7216822833dispositiona person's inherent qualities of mind and character the way something is placed in relation to others31
7216822834enigmaa person or thing that is mysterious32
7216822835ephemerallasting a short time33
7216823770facadethe face building an outward appearance meant to conceal reality34
7216823771obscurerelatively unknown to conceal35
7216823994fastidiousattentive to detail36
7216825499insipidlacking flavor37
7216825704enervateto invoke the feeling of being drained of all energy lacking in energy38
7216826233trepidationa fear that something may happen39
7216836423intrepidfearless and adventurous40
7216836424evinceto reveal the presence of indicate41
7216836740indefatigablepersistently tireless42
7216842433insuperableimpossible to overcome43
7216842434apoplexyincapacity resulting from hemorrhage or stroke44
7216842660deprecatebelittle express disapproval of45
7216855883noxiouspoisonous or harmful46
7216855888assiduousshowing great care or perseverance47
7216856146solicitousshowing great interest48
7216856147ludicrousridiculous to the point of amusement49

AP Literature and Composition Set 2 Flashcards

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7243568823PlotThe sequence of related events in a narrative.0
7243568824plot manipulationWhen an author gives the story an unexpected or unjustified turn with the characters or situation involved.1
7243568825ExpositionThe opening of the plot that introduces the setting, characters and the major conflict. It is also known as the basic situation.2
7243568826SettingThe time, place, and framing social environment of a story or play, serving to reveal character and suggest a theme.3
7243568827ConflictA struggle or clash between opposing characters, forces, or emotions.4
7243568828DillemmaA position in which a character must choose between two undesirable courses of action.5
7243568829Reversal (peripeteia)The point in the plot where affairs turn in an unexpected direction.6
7243568830Rising actionThat development of plot in a story or play that precedes and leads up to the climax.7
7243568831ClimaxThe turning point or the greatest point of emotional intensity that marks the moment when the conflict is decided, one way or another.8
7243568832BathosCommonly known as "anti-climatic," this device adds the commonplace in otherwise elevated matter or style.9
7243568833Falling actionThat segment of the plot that comes between the climax and the conclusion.10
7243568834Recognition (anagnorisis)The point of the plot where a character suddenly realizes and understands his position and sees himself truly. It is the point of full self- awareness, usually occurring at the denouement.11
7243568835EpiphanyIn a literary work, a moment of sudden insight or revelation that a character experiences.12
7243568836DenouementSometimes called the "resolution," it is the untying or unraveling of the plot when meaning of past events becomes clear.13
7243568837ResolutionThe conclusion of a story, when all or most of the conflicts have been settled; often called the denouement.14

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