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AP Literature Vocabulary Flashcards

9710944853	Loose Sentence	main idea is elaborated by the successive addition of modifying clauses or phrases	0
9711059491	Lyric poetry	emotional song-like poetry	1
9711071007	Maxim	Saying or proverb expressing common wisdom truth	2
9711071008	Melodrama	a literary form in which events are exaggerated in order to create an extreme emotional response	3
9711074489	Metaphor	A figure of speech that compares unlike objects	4
9711076845	Metaphysical poetry	The work of poets / uses elaborate conceits / highly intellectual / expresses the complexities of love and life	5
9711076846	Meter	The pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables found in poetry	6
9711078925	Metonymy	A figure of speech that uses the name of one thing to represent something else with which it is associated	7
9711080621	Middle English	The language spoken in English roughly between 1150 and 1500 A.D	8
9711080622	Mock Epic	A parody of traditional epic form	9
9711082275	Mode	The general form, pattern, and manner of expression of a work of literature	10
9711082276	Montage	A quick succession of images or impressions used to express an idea	11
9711082277	Mood	The emotional tone in a work of literature	12
9711082278	Moral	A brief and often simplistic lesson that a reader may infer from a work of literature	13
9711084333	Motif	A phrase, idea, or event that through repetition serves to unify or convey a theme in a work of literature	14
9711084334	Muse	The imagery source of inspiration for an artist or writer	15
9711084335	Myth	Imaginary story that has become an accepted a part of the cultural or religious tradition of a group or society	16
9711087981	Narrative	A form of verse or prose that tells a story	17

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AP Literature Terminology 12/12 Flashcards

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8377851646	Caesura	A natural pause or break in a line of poetry, usually near the middle of the line.	0
8377881408	Epistrophe	the repetition of a word at the end of successive clauses or sentences	1
8377896267	Anapestic	A foot in poetry with two unstressed syllables followed by one stressed syllable.	2
8377921947	Dactylic	stressed, unstressed, unstressed	3
8377926439	Spondaic	Two stressed syllables	4
8377939521	Conceit	A fanciful, particularly clever extended metaphor	5
8377949332	Terza Rima	a verse form with a rhyme scheme: aba bcb cdc, etc.	6
8377949333	Heroic Couplet	a couplet consisting of two rhymed lines of iambic pentamenter and written in an elevated style	7
8377956843	Lamb	Young sheep	8
8377963495	Sestina	a poem with six stanzas of six lines and a final triplet	9
8377984887	Villanelle	a nineteen-line poem with two rhymes throughout, consisting of five tercets and a quatrain, with the first and third lines of the opening tercet recurring alternately at the end of the other tercets and with both repeated at the close of the concluding quatrain.	10
8377984888	Free Verse	Poetry that does not have a regular meter or rhyme scheme	11

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AP Literature Terms Flashcards

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9712561692	allegory	story conveying meaning other than the literal	0
9712561693	alliteration	repetition of initial consonant sounds	1
9712564639	anagnorisis	discovery; hero becomes aware of situation of true character	2
9712564640	anaphora	repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of neighboring clauses for emphasis	3
9712564641	antecedent	word, phrase, or clause that a pronoun replaces	4
9712567211	apologue	short story with a moral, often involving talking animals or objects; fable	5
9712567212	apostrophe	speaker addresses an inanimate object	6
9712567213	assonance	repetition of vowel sounds	7
9712569608	ballad	relatively short narrative poem written in song-like stanza form	8
9712569609	bildungsroman	novel tracing the spiritual, moral, psychological, or social development and growth of the main character usually from childhood to maturity	9
9712572719	blank verse	unrhymed iambic pentameter	10
9712655148	cacophony	deliberate use of harsh and awkward sounds	11
9712680558	caesura	pause or interruption in a poem; opposite of enjambment	12
9712686800	canon	works of a writer	13
9712689913	caricature	portrait that exaggerates a human trait	14
9712703600	catharsis	emotional release of an audience at the end of a successful tragedy	15
9712707723	clerihew	thyme of four lines, usually regarding a subject mentioned in the first line	16
9712713024	colloquialism	informal speech	17
9712719903	comedy of manners	play that satirizes the manners and affectations of a social class, often using stereotypes	18
9712725817	conceit	extended metaphor that compares two seemingly dissimilar things	19
9712730741	connotation	implied meaning of a word	20
9712733631	consonance	repetition of consonant sounds within words	21
9712742117	controlling image	metaphor that dominates an entire work	22
9712748845	couplet	rhyming pair of lines	23
9712751437	dactyl	poetical foot with three syllables, one stressed and two short or unstressed	24
9712756856	denotation	literal meaning of a word; dictionary definition	25
9712760692	deus ex machina	literally "god our of a machine", sudden artificial or improbable resolution to a story, often implying a lack of skill on the part of the writer	26
9712779346	diction	word choice	27
9712779347	dramatic monologue	poem in which a character delivers a speech explaining his/her feelings, actions, or motives	28
9712788909	elegy	mournful or melancholic poem	29
9712796060	english sonnet	sonnet divided into 3 quatrains and a final couplet, using rhyme scheme abab cdcd efef gg; shakespearean sonnet	30
9712805816	enjambment	continuation of a phrase or clause to another line without pause (punctuation); opposite of caesura	31
9712814502	epigram	short, clever poem with a witty turn of thoughtq	32
9712819568	farce	extremely broad humor	33
9712822364	foil	character that contrasts with another character, usually the protagonist to emphasize the other character's traits	34
9712832357	foot	combination of stressed and unstressed syllables	35
9712836509	foreshadowing	event or statement that suggests a future event	36
9712841291	free verse	poetry without a regular rhyme scheme or metrical pattern	37
9712855572	hamartia	fatal flaw of a tragic hero	38
9712855573	hubris	excessive pride that leads to a protagonist's downfall	39
9712873093	hyperbole	exaggeration or overstatement; opposite of understatement	40
9712877573	iamb	poetical foot with two syllables- first unstressed and second stressed	41
9712882366	implicit	implied meaning; opposite of explicit	42
9712885217	lyric	expression of observations and feelings of a single speaker	43
9712889536	magical realism	combination of realistic details with surreal, dreamlike, or magical elements	44
9712896947	metaphor	analogy that states one thing is another	45
9712904302	metonymy	use of a part to mean a whole object, related to synechdoche	46
9712911091	motif	recurring or dominant element in a work	47
9712916997	objectivity	impersonal view of events	48
9712921886	onomatopoeia	word that sounds like what it represents	49
9712924892	opposition	contrasting pairs of elements	50
9712930439	paradox	seemingly apparent contradiction which is accurate on closer inspection	51
9712935700	parallelism	repeated words, phrases, clauses, or grammatical structure used for effect	52
9712942097	pastoral	work idealizing the simple life of shepherds or of tranquil nature	53
9712954457	peripeteia	reversal of fortune or character	54
9712957512	persona	narrator in a non-first-person novel	55
9712960204	personification	giving human qualities or form to inanimate objects	56
9712966503	protagonist	main character	57
9712969806	quatrain	four-line stanza	58
9712969807	satire	genre which ridicules	59
9712982819	sestina	poem consisting of six six-line stanza followed by a tercet (3 line stanza), for a total of 39 lines (same set of 6 words ends the lines of each of the 6 line stanzas, but in different order)	60
9712996623	simile	weak metaphor, often uses like or as	61
9713000617	stanza	group of lines in verse; poetical equivalent of a paragraph	62
9713004238	subjectivity	personal view of events	63
9713006774	subjunctive mood	mood (grammar) that sets up a hypothetical situation	64
9713012028	symbol	word, place, character, or object that means something beyond what it is on a literal level	65
9713033563	synecdoche	metaphor in which a part is spoken of as the whole object; related to metonymy	66
9713040157	synesthesia	one kind of sensation is described in the terms of another; mixing of the senses	67
9713052330	syntax	word order	68
9713052331	theme	central idea of a work	69
9713055575	terza rima	poem with verses of three lines and rhyme scheme aba bcb cdc	70
9713061398	tragic flaw	weakness of an otherwise good or great individual that leads to his or her downfall	71

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AP Literature Terms Flashcards

The Glossary of Literary Terms for the AP English Literature and Composition Test

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9718683508	Abstract	Complex, discusses intangible qualities like good and evil, seldom uses examples to support its points.	0
9718683509	Academic	Dry and rhetorical writing; sucking all the life out of its subject with analysis.	1
9718683510	Accent	In poetry, the stressed portion of a word.	2
9718683511	Aesthetic	Appealing to the senses; a coherent sense of taste.	3
9718683512	Allegory	A story in which each aspect of the story has a symbolic meaning outside the tale itself.	4
9718683513	Alliteration	The repetition of initial consonant sounds.	5
9718683514	Allusion	A reference to another work or famous figure.	6
9718683515	Anachronism	"Misplaced in time." An aspect of a story that doesn't belong in its supposed time setting.	7
9718683516	Analogy	A comparison, usually involving two or more symbolic parts, employed to clarify an action or a relationship.	8
9718683517	Anecdote	A Short Narrative	9
9718683518	Antecedent	The word, phrase, or clause that determines what a pronoun refers to.	10
9718683519	Anthropomorphism	When inanimate objects are given human characteristics. Often confused with personification.	11
9718683520	Anticlimax	Occurs when an action produces far smaller results than one had been led to expect.	12
9718683521	Antihero	A protagonist who is markedly unheroic: morally weak, cowardly, dishonest, or any number of other unsavory qualities.	13
9718683522	Aphorism	A short and usually witty saying.	14
9718683523	Apostrophe	A figure of speech wherein the speaker talks directly to something that is nonhuman.	15
9718683524	Archaism	The use of deliberately old-fashioned language.	16
9718683525	Aside	A speech (usually just a short comment) made by an actor to the audience, as though momentarily stepping outside of the action on stage.	17
9718683526	Aspect	A trait or characteristic	18
9718683527	Assonance	The repeated use of vowel sounds: "Old king Cole was a merry old soul."	19
9718683528	Atmosphere	The emotional tone or background that surrounds a scene	20
9718683529	Ballad	A long, narrative poem, usually in meter and rhyme. Typically has a naive folksy quality.	21
9718683530	Bathos	Writing strains for grandeur it can't support and tries too hard to be a tear jerker.	22
9718683531	Pathos	Writing evokes feelings of dignified pity and sympathy.	23
9718683532	Black humor	The use of disturbing themes in comedy.	24
9718683533	Bombast	Pretentious, exaggeratedly learned language.	25
9718683534	Burlesque	Broad parody, one that takes a style or form and exaggerates it into ridiculousness.	26
9718683535	Cacophony	In poetry, using deliberately harsh, awkward sounds.	27
9718683536	Cadence	The beat or rhythm or poetry in a general sense.	28
9718683537	Canto	The name for a section division in a long work of poetry.	29
9718683538	Caricature	A portrait (verbal or otherwise) that exaggerates a facet of personality.	30
9718683539	Catharsis	Drawn from Aristotle's writings on tragedy. Refers to the "cleansing" of emotion an audience member experiences during a play	31
9718683540	Chorus	In Greek drama, the group of citizens who stand outside the main action on stage and comment on it.	32
9718683541	Classic	Typical, or an accepted masterpiece.	33
9718683542	Coinage (neologism)	A new word, usually one invented on the spot.	34
9718683543	Colloquialism	A word or phrase used in everyday conversational English that isn't a part of accepted "school-book" English.	35
9718683544	Complex (Dense)	Suggesting that there is more than one possibility in the meaning of words; subtleties and variations; multiple layers of interpretation; meaning both explicit and implicit	36
9718683545	Conceit (Controlling Image)	A startling or unusual metaphor, or to a metaphor developed and expanded upon several lines.	37
9718683546	Denotation	A word's literal meaning.	38
9718683547	Connotation	Everything other than the literal meaning that a word suggests or implies.	39
9718683548	Consonance	The repetition of consonant sounds within words (rather than at their beginnings)	40
9718683549	Couplet	A pair of lines that end in rhyme	41
9718683550	Decorum	A character's speech must be styled according to her social station, and in accordance to the situation.	42
9718683551	Diction	The words an author chooses to use.	43
9718683552	Syntax	The ordering and structuring of words.	44
9718683553	Dirge	A song for the dead. Its tone is typically slow, heavy, depressed, and melancholy	45
9718683554	Dissonance	Refers to the grating of incompatible sounds.	46
9718683555	Doggerel	Crude, simplistic verse, often in sing-song rhyme, like limericks.	47
9718683556	Dramatic Irony	When the audience knows something that the characters in the drama do not	48
9718683557	Dramatic Monologue	When a single speaker in literature says something to a silent audience.	49
9718683558	Elegy	A type of poem that meditates on death or mortality in a serious, thoughtful manner.	50
9718683559	Elements	Basic techniques of each genre of literature	51
9718683560	Enjambment	The continuation of a syntactic unit from one line or couplet of a poem to the next with no pause.	52
9718683561	Epic	A very long narrative poem on a serious theme in a dignified style; typically deal with glorious or profound subject matter.	53
9718683562	Epitaph	Lines that commemorate the dead at their burial place.	54
9718683563	Euphemism	A word or phrase that takes the place of a harsh, unpleasant, or impolite reality.	55
9718683564	Euphony	When sounds blend harmoniously.	56
9718683565	Explicit	To say or write something directly and clearly.	57
9718683566	Farce	Extremely broad humor; in earlier times, a funny play or a comedy.	58
9718683567	Feminine rhyme	Lines rhymed by their final two syllables. Properly, the penultimate syllables are stressed and the final syllables are unstressed.	59
9718683568	Foil	A secondary character whose purpose is to highlight the characteristics of a main character, usually by contrast.	60
9718683569	Foot	The basic rhythmic unit of a line of poetry, formed by a combination of two or three syllables, either stressed or unstressed.	61
9718683570	Foreshadowing	An event of statement in a narrative that in miniature suggests a larger event that comes later.	62
9718683571	Free verse	poetry written without a regular rhyme scheme or metrical pattern	63
9718683572	Genre	A sub-category of literature.	64
9718683573	Gothic	A sensibility that includes such features as dark, gloomy castles and weird screams from the attic each night.	65
9718683574	Hubris	The excessive pride or ambition that leads to the main character's downfall	66
9718683575	Hyperbole	Exaggeration or deliberate overstatement.	67
9718683576	Implicit	To say or write something that suggests and implies but never says it directly or clearly.	68
9718683577	In media res	Latin for "in the midst of things," i.e. beginning an epic poem in the middle of the action.	69
9718683578	Interior Monologue	Refers to writing that records the mental talking that goes on inside a character's head; tends to be coherent.	70
9718683579	Inversion	Switching the customary order of elements in a sentence or phrase.	71
9718683580	Irony	A statement that means the opposite of what it seems to mean; uses an undertow of meaning, sliding against the literal a la Jane Austen.	72
9718683581	Lament	A poem of sadness or grief over the death of a loved one or over some other intense loss.	73
9718683582	Lampoon	A satire.	74
9718683583	Loose sentence	A sentence that is complete before its end: Jack loved Barbara despite her irritating snorting laugh.	75
9718683584	Periodic Sentence	A sentence that is not grammatically complete until it has reached it s final phrase: Despite Barbara's irritation at Jack, she loved him.	76
9718683585	Lyric	A type of poetry that explores the poet's personal interpretation of and feelings about the world.	77
9718683586	Masculine rhyme	A rhyme ending on the final stressed syllable (regular old rhyme)	78
9718683587	Meaning	What makes sense, what's important.	79
9718683588	Melodrama	A form of cheesy theater in which the hero is very, very good, the villain mean and rotten, and the heroine oh-so-pure.	80
9718683589	Metaphor	A comparison or analogy that states one thing IS another.	81
9718683590	Simile	A comparison or analogy that typically uses like or as.	82
9718683591	Metonymy	A word that is used to stand for something else that it has attributes of or is associated with.	83
9718683592	Nemesis	The protagonist's arch enemy or supreme and persistent difficulty.	84
9718683593	Objectivity	Treatment of subject matter in an impersonal manner or from an outside view.	85
9718683594	Subjectivity	A treatment of subject matter that uses the interior or personal view of a single observer and is typically colored with that observer's emotional responses.	86
9718683595	Onomatopoeia	Words that sound like what they mean	87
9718683596	Opposition	A pairing of images whereby each becomes more striking and informative because it's placed in contrast to the other one.	88
9718683597	Oxymoron	A phrase composed of opposites; a contradiction.	89
9718683598	Parable	A story that instructs.	90
9718683599	Paradox	A situation or statement that seems to contradict itself, but on closer inspection, does not.	91
9718683600	Parallelism	Repeated syntactical similarities used for effect.	92
9718683601	Paraphrase	To restate phrases and sentences in your own words.	93
9718683602	Parenthetical phrase	A phrase set off by commas that interrupts the flow of a sentence with some commentary or added detail.	94
9718683603	Parody	The work that results when a specific work is exaggerated to ridiculousness.	95
9718683604	Pastoral	A poem set in tranquil nature or even more specifically, one about shepherds.	96
9718683605	Persona	The narrator in a non first-person novel.	97
9718683606	Personification	When an inanimate object takes on human shape.	98
9718683607	Plaint	A poem or speech expressing sorrow.	99
9718683608	Point of View	The perspective from which the action of a novel is presented.	100
9718683609	Omniscient	A third person narrator who sees into each character's mind and understands all the action going on.	101
9718683610	Limited Omniscient	A Third person narrator who generally reports only what one character sees, and who only reports the thoughts of that one privileged character.	102
9718683611	Objective	A thrid person narrator who only reports on what would be visible to a camera. Does not know what the character is thinking unless the character speaks it.	103
9718683612	First person	A narrator who is a character in the story and tells the tale from his or her point of view.	104
9718683613	Stream of Consciousness	Author places the reader inside the main character's head and makes the reader privy to all of the character's thoughts as they scroll through her consciousness.	105
9718683614	Prelude	An introductory poem to a longer work of verse	106
9718683615	Protagonist	The main character of a novel or play	107
9718683616	Pun	The usually humorous use of a word in such a way to suggest two or more meanings	108
9718683617	Refrain	A line or set of lines repeated several times over the course of a poem.	109
9718683618	Requiem	A song of prayer for the dead.	110
9718683619	Rhapsody	An intensely passionate verse or section of verse, usually of love or praise.	111
9718683620	Rhetorical question	A question that suggests an answer.	112
9718683621	Satire	Attempts to improve things by pointing out people's mistakes in the hope that once exposed, such behavior will become less common.	113
9718683622	Soliloquy	A speech spoken by a character alone on stage, meant to convey the impression that the audience is listening to the character's thoughts.	114
9718683623	Stanza	A group of lines roughly analogous in function in verse to the paragraphs function in prose.	115
9718683624	Stock characters	Standard or cliched character types.	116
9718683625	Subjunctive Mood	A grammatical situation involving the words "if" and "were," setting up a hypothetical situation.	117
9718683626	Suggest	To imply, infer, indicate.	118
9718683627	Summary	A simple retelling of what you've just read.	119
9718683628	Suspension of disbelief	The demand made of a theater audience to accept the limitations of staging and supply the details with their imagination.	120
9718683629	Symbolism	A device in literature where an object represents an idea.	121
9718683630	Technique	The methods and tools of the author.	122
9718683631	Theme	The main idea of the overall work; the central idea.	123
9718683632	Thesis	The main position of an argument. The central contention that will be supported.	124
9718683633	Tragic flaw	In a tragedy, this is the weakness of a character in an otherwise good (or even great) individual that ultimately leads to his demise.	125
9718683634	Travesty	A grotesque parody	126
9718683635	Truism	A way-too obvious truth	127
9718683636	Unreliable narrator	When the first person narrator is crazy, a liar, very young, or for some reason not entirely credible	128
9718683637	Utopia	An idealized place. Imaginary communities in which people are able to live in happiness, prosperity, and peace.	129
9718683638	Zeugma	The use of a word to modify two or more words, but used for different meanings. He closed the door and his heart on his lost love.	130
9718683639	Ode	A poem in praise of something divine or noble	131
9718683640	Iamb	A poetic foot -- light, heavy	132
9718683641	Trochee	A poetic foot -- heavy, light	133
9718683642	Spondee	A poetic foot -- heavy, heavy	134
9718683643	Pyrrhie	A poetic foot -- light, light	135
9718683644	Anapest	A poetic foot -- light, light, heavy	136
9718683645	Ambibranch	A poetic foot -- light, heavy, light	137
9718683646	Dactyl	A poetic foot -- heavy, light, light	138
9718683647	Imperfect	A poetic foot -- single light or single heavy	139
9718683648	Pentameter	A poetic line with five feet.	140
9718683649	Tetrameter	A poetic line with four feet	141
9718683650	Trimeter	A poetic line with three feet	142
9718683651	Blank Verse	unrhymed iambic pentameter.	143

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AP Language/Composition Flashcards

OWNER Jesus Rodriguez
Teacher Mr. Ernst
College Level English
"Terms to know 100"
AP Eng Lang & Comp
Period 5th

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4627374145	1. Appeals	Persuasive pleas of shared values or credibility Ethos; to reason or logic Logos; or to prompt reader's emotions Pathos	0
4627385462	2. Argument	Statement put forth and supported by evidence	1
4627448804	3. Assertion	Emphatic statement; declaration. An assertion supported by evidence becomes an argument	2
4627457397	4. Assumption	Belief or statement taken for granted without proof.	3
4627467913	5. Diction	The word choices made by a writer Diction can be described as: formal, semi-formal, ornate, Informal, technical, etc.	4
4627480180	6. Figurative Language	Language employing one or more figures of speech Examples may Include: Simile, Metaphor, Idiom, Imagery, Oxymoron, Etc.	5
4627483731	7. Rhetoric	The art of presenting ideas in an effective, and persuasive manner	6
4627489786	8. Rhetorical Devices	Literary techniques used to heighten the effectiveness of expression and persuasion	7
4627498045	9. Rhetorical Modes	Patterns of organization developed to achieve a specific purpose Which Include; i.e. narration, description, comparison, and contrast, etc.	8
4627558970	10. Rhetorical Pattern	Format or structure followed by a writer such as comparison/Contrast or process analysis	9
4627567114	11. Structure	The arrangement or framework of a sentence, paragraph, or work	10
4627573577	12. Style	The choices a writer makes; the combination of distinctive features of a literary work Such as: When analyzing style, one may consider diction, figurative language, sentence structure, etc.	11
4627585037	13. Syntax	The manner in which words are arranged into sentences	12
4627588565	14. Theme	A central idea of a work, central message of a work	13
4627593055	15. Thesis	The primary position taken by a writer or speaker	14
4627601448	16. Balanced Sentences	A sentence in which words, phrases, or clauses are set off against each other to emphasize a contrast Example: George Orwell: "If thought corrupts language, language can also corrupt thought".	15
4627614116	17. Complex Sentence	A sentence with one independent clause and at least one dependent clause	16
4627617374	18. Compound Sentence	A sentence with two or more coordinate independent clauses, often joined by one or more conjunctions	17
4627622521	19. Compound Complex Sentence	A sentence with two or more principal clauses and one or more subordinate clauses	18
4627626202	20. Cumulative Sentence Loose Sentence	A sentence in which the main independent clause is elaborated by a successive addition or modifying clauses or phrases Example: Jonathan Swift, A Modest Proposal: "I have been assured by a very knowing American friend of my acquaintance in London, that a young healthy child well nursed is at a year old a most delicious, nourishing, and wholesome food, whether stewed, roasted, baked, or boiled; and make no doubt that it will equally serve in fricassee or a ragout."	19
4627651595	21. Declarative Sentence	A sentence that makes a statement or declaration	20
4627653838	22. Exclamatory Sentence	A sentence expressing strong feeling, usually punctuated with an exclamation mark!	21
4627656499	23. Imperative Sentence	A sentence that gives a command	22
4627660636	24. Interrogative Sentence	A sentence that asks a sentence	23
4627665107	25. Inverted Syntax	The reversal or the normal or expected word order in a sentence e.g. "Whose woods these are I think I know." Robert Frost	24
4627674568	26. Periodic Sentence	A sentence that is not grammatically complete until the final clause or phrase; a sentence that does not give the reader the main "point" until the "period." Accomplished by using parallel phrases or clauses at the opening, or by the use of succession of dependent clauses as modifiers preceding the independent clause, the periodic sentence unfolds gradually Example: "In the almost incredibly brief time which it took the small but sturdy porter to roll a milk-can across the platform and bump it, with a clang, against other milk-cans similarly treated a moment before, Ashe fell in love." P.G. Wodehouse, Something fresh, 1915	25
4627704058	27. Simple Sentence	A sentence consisting of one independent clause and no dependent clause	26
4627707816	28. Absolute	A word/statement free from limitations or qualifications "best", "all", "never", "always", "everybody", "nobody". Most often such statements are easily disproved. We always go to the movies... Technically this is far from true/fact.	27
4627719105	29. Allegory	A literary work in which characters, objects, or actions represent abstractions	28
4627721450	30. Alliteration	The repetition of the same sound or letter at the beginning of consecutive words or syllabus.	29
4627724579	31. Allusion	An indirect reference, often to another text or a historic event.	30
4627729482	32. Analogy	A comparison of two different things that are similar in some way	31
4627732596	33. Anecdote	A brief narrative that focuses on a particular incident or event	32
4627736275	34. Antecedent	The noun to which a later pronoun refers Example: 'bike' is the antecedent of 'one' in the sentence "The bike was the best one there.	33
4627745011	35. Antithesis	A statement in which two opposing ideas are balanced	34
4627749365	36. Aphorism	A concise, statement that expresses succinctly a general truth or idea, often using rhythm or balance	35
4627756338	37. Appositive	Word or phrase that renames a nearby noun or pronoun	36
4627759847	38. Audience	One's listeners or readership; those to whom a speech or piece of writing is addressed	37
4627762107	39. Authority	A reliable, respected source someone with knowledge	38
4627764380	40. Bias	Prejudice or predisposition toward one side of a subject or issue.	39
4627767769	41. Cite	Identifying a part of a piece of writing as being derived from a source	40
4627770141	42. Claim	An assertion, usually supported by evidence	41
4627772635	43. Close Reading	A careful reading analysis that is attentive to organization, figurative language, sentence structure, vocabulary, and other literary and structural elements of a text.	42
4627777706	44. Colloquialism	Informal words or expressions not usually acceptable in formal writing	43
4627779757	45. Concession	A reluctant acknowledge or yielding	44
4627785326	46. Concrete Details	Details that relate to or describe actual, specific things or events	45
4627788285	47. Connotation	Which is implied by a word as opposed to the word's literal meaning See denotation the feeling of a word.	46
4627797080	48. Counterargument	A challenge to a position; an opposing argument	47
4627807107	49. Deduction	Reasoning from general to specific	48
4627799996	50. Denotation	The literal meaning of a word; its dictionary definition	49
4627801988	51. Diction	Word Choice	50
4627802902	52. Didactic	Having the primary purpose of teaching or instructing	51
4627809750	53. Dissonance	Harsh, inharmonious or discordant sounds	52
4627818601	54. Double Entendre	Figure of speech in which a word or phrase can be understood in two ways Example: New obesity study looks for larger test group.	53
4627827486	55. Ernstitious	Characterized by a deep fanatical love for reading; writing and 49ers football	54
4627834848	56. Epigraph	A saying or statement on the title page of a work, or used as a heading a chapter or other section of a work	55
4627837512	57. Facts	That which, dependent on rhetorical context, supports or obscures truth	56
4627841250	58. Figurative Language 2	The use of tropes or figures of speech; going beyond literal meaning to achieve literary effect	57
4627844856	59. Figure Of Speech	An expression that strives for literary effect rather than conveying a literal meaning	58
4627846707	60. Foreshadowing	An advance sign or warning of what is to come in the future, often subtle and inherently symbolic	59
4627850021	61. Hyperbole	Exaggeration for the purpose of emphasis	60
4627852438	62. Imagery	Vivid use of language that evokes a reader's senses Sight, Smell, taste, touch, hearing	61
4627858626	63. Idiom	An expression that cannot be understood from the literal meaning of other words in the expression; or, a regional speech or dialect "fly on the wall", "cut to the chase", etc.	62
4627891235	64. Implication	A suggestion an author or speaker makes implies without stating it directly. NOTE: The author/speaker implies; the reader/audience infers	63
4627896013	65. Induction	Reasoning from specific to general	64
4627897167	66. Invective	An intensity vehement, highly emotional verbal attack	65
4627898153	67. Irony	A contradiction between what is said and what is meant; incongruently between action and result	66
4627901915	68. Jargon	The specialized language or vocabulary of particular group or profession	67
4627905464	69. Johnsonian	Marked by extreme levels of genius visionary and original thought, creativity, power, elegance, and aesthetic perfection	68
4627912090	70. Juxtaposition	Placement of two things side by side for emphasize	69
4627913035	71. Maxim	A concise statement, often offering advice an adage	70
4627913829	72. Metaphor	A figure of speech or trope through which one thing is spoken of as though it were something else, thus making an implicit comparison	71
4627917436	73. Motif	A standard theme, element, or dramatic situation that recurs in various works	72
4627918742	74. Oxymoron	A figure of speech that combines two contradictory terms.	73
4627920969	75. Paradox	An apparently contradictory statement that actually contains some truth "Whoever loses his life, shall find it."	74
4627924932	76. Parallelism	The use of corresponding grammatical or syntactical forms	75
4627927706	77. Parody	A humorous imitation of a serious work Weird AL Yankovich's song's, and the scary movie series are examples	76
4627932962	78. Parenthetical Comment	A comment that interrupts the immediate subject, often to quality or explain	77
4627938283	79. Pedantic	Often used to describe a writing style, characterized by an excessive display of learning or scholarship, narrowly, stodgily, and often ostentatiously learned	78
4627942259	80. Persona	The speaker, voice or character assumed by the author of a piece of writing	79
4627942681	81. Personification	Assigning life like characteristics to inanimate objects	80
4627945820	82. Propaganda	A negative term for writing designed to sway opinion rather than present information	81
4627948517	83. Purpose	One's intention or objective in a speech or piece or writing	82
4627949568	84. Refute	To discredit and argument, particularly a counterargument	83
4627951811	85. Rhetorical Question	A question asked merely for rhetorical effect and not requiring an answer	84
4627954172	86. Satire	The use of humor to emphasize human weakness or imperfections in social institutions Jonathan Swift's Gulliver's Travels, The Simpsons etc.	85
4627959013	87. Source	A book, article, person, or other resources consulted by information.	86
4627961256	88. Stream Of Consciousness	A technique characterized by the continuous unedited flow of conscious experience through the mind recorded on paper. Often used in "interior monologue," when the reader is privy to character or narrator's thoughts	87
4627964470	89. Subtext	The content of a work which is not announced explicitly by the characters (or author but if implicit or becomes something understood by the reader of the work as the piece unfolds i.e. hidden meaning.	88
4627968259	90. Synthesize	Combining or bringing together two or more elements to produce something more complex	89
4627970046	91. Truth	The subject of much debate	90
4627971061	92. Understatement	The deliberate representation of something as lesser in magnitude than it	91
4627972365	93. Vernacular	The everyday speech of a particular country or region, often involving nonstandard usage	92
4627973466	94. Voice	In grammar, a term for the relationship between a verb and a noun active or passive voice In rhetoric; a distinctive quality in the style and the tone of writing.	93
4627976769	95 c.	"circa" from a specified time	94
4627977577	96 e.g.	"and elsewhere" use when giving an example	95
4627979706	97 et al.	"and others" use when suggesting that there are other pertinent data, but not citing them in detail	96
4627981204	98 ibid	"in the same place" use when citing a preceding referance	97
4627983046	99 i.e.	"that is" use when restating something	98
4627984121	100 sic	intentionally so written used after a printed word or passage to indicate that it is exactly as printed or to indicate that it exactly reproduces an original	99

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AP language vocab Flashcards

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3564043194	anecdote	is a short narrative account of a particular incident or event of an interesting or amusing nature. Used in non-fiction to help exemplify a point.	0
3564050143	diction	Correct Answer is the broad element of style involving all word choices.	1
3564055031	colloquialism	is a word that reflects regional, casual, or conversational speech. Not formal.	2
3564062566	irony	is the use of words that display a meaning that is the opposite of what is expected, or the opposite of what is literary said.	3
3564068327	ethos	is the ethical appeal. Persuasive appeal based on the projected moral, relatable, or knowledgeable character of the speaker or author.	4
3564081697	rhetoric		5

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AP English Literature Review of Terms Flashcards

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9739231744	lyric	subjective, reflective poetry with regular rhyme scheme and meter which revels the poet's thoughts and feelings to create a single, unique impression	0
9739244300	narrative	nondramatic, objective verse with regular rhyme scheme and meter which relates a story or narrative	1
9739257444	rhetorical question	a question that expects no answer	2
9739260782	juxtaposition	normally unassociated ideas, words, or phrases are placed next to one another, creating an effect of surprise and wit	3
9739280263	syntax	the way in which words are put together to form phrases, clauses, and sentences	4
9739284131	stream of consciousness	writing style that tries to depict the random flow of thoughts, emotions, memories, and associations rushing through a character's mind (interior monologue)	5
9739300325	satire	writing that ridicules human weakness, vice, or folly in order to bring about social reform	6
9744053538	point of view	the vantage point from which the writer tells a story	7
9744060584	first person point of view	narrator is a character in the story who tells the story from his/her own perspective	8
9745015977	limited third person point of view	narrator can enter the mind of only one character to tell the story	9
9745033406	omniscient third person point of view	narrator is outside the story; a godlike observer who can tell us what all the characters are thinking/feeling	10
9745043459	pastoral elements	presents rustic life in idealistic terms	11
9745053899	parallelism	repetition of words, phrases, or sentences that have the same grammatical structure	12
9745076954	narrator	one who tells the story	13
9745086828	motif	a word, character, object, image, metaphor, or idea that recurs (within a work on in several works)	14
9745089510	mood	the atmosphere of a literary work	15
9745091085	In Media Res	the technique of starting a story in the middle of the action and then using a flashback to tell what happened earlier	16
9745094413	frame story	an introductory narrative that "contains" another narrative or narratives	17
9745096386	foreshadowing	the use of clues to hint at what is going to happen later in the story	18
9745099344	foil	a character who sets off another character by strong contrast	19
9745103067	flashback	a scene that interrupts the present action of the plot to tell us what happened earlier	20
9745119932	epiphany	a moment of sudden insight or revelation that a character experiences in a literary work	21
9745128157	dialect	a way of speaking that is characteristic of a particular region or group of people	22
9745132064	conflict	struggle between opposing characters, forces, or emotions (external or internal)	23
9745137302	round character	has more dimension to his/her personality; complex, solid, multifaceted, like real people	24
9745140125	flat character	has only one or two personality traits	25
9745143996	dynamic character	a character that changes in some important way as a result of the story's action	26
9745145383	static character	a character who does not change much in the course of the story	27
9745154068	characterization	how a writer reveals a character	28
9745162561	direct characterization	by telling us directly what the character is like	29
9745164963	indirect characterization	- by describing how the character looks and dresses - by letting us hear the character speak - by revealing the character's private thoughts and feelings - by revealing the character's effect on other people - by showing the character's actions	30
9745179404	carpe diem	seize the day (make the most of the present moment)	31
9745183541	connotation	the meanings, associations, and/or emotions that a word suggests	32
9745185350	denotation	literal, dictionary definition of a word	33
9745192508	diction	choice of words	34
9745193555	style	the manner in which writers or speakers say what they wish to say (look for diction and tone)	35
9745196592	speaker	imaginary voice or persona assumed by the author (the voice we hear in a poem)	36
9745200368	theme	author's major idea or meaning	37
9745201759	tone	author's attitude toward his/her subject or audience	38
9745206144	allusion	a reference (to something usually presumed to be well known)	39
9745209028	oxymoron	a figure of speech which combines apparently contradictory or incongruent ideas (eloquent silence)	40
9745221417	paradox	a statement which appears self-contradictory but is actually true (or represents the truth)	41
9745224633	imagery	language that appeals to the senses	42
9745233969	symbol	a person, place, thing, event that functions as itself and represents something beyond itself	43
9745244950	irony	a contrast between expectation and reality	44
9745246559	verbal irony	meaning on thing and saying another	45
9745247857	dramatic irony	two levels of meaning- what the speaker says and what he/she means or what the speaker says and what the author means	46
9745254908	situational irony	when the reality of the situation differs from the anticipated or intended effect	47
9745263635	hyperbole	gross exaggeration of effect; overstatement	48
9745267274	synecdoche	the substitution of a part for the whole	49
9745270043	metonymy	substitution of a word which relates to the object of person for the name itself	50
9745275127	apostrophe	direct address to a person or personified object not present or unable to answer	51

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AP Language Word List: Unit 1, Reading and Writing Flashcards

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7329266708	Abject	Adjective 1. utterly hopeless, miserable, humiliating, or wretched: abject poverty. 2. contemptible; despicable; base-spirited: an abject coward. 3. shamelessly servile; slavish. 4. Obsolete. cast aside. Synonyms 1. debasing, degrading; miserable. 2. base, mean, low, vile. Antonym exalted	0
7329269107	Achilles' Heel	Noun 1. a portion, spot, area, or the like, that is especially or solely vulnerable 2. A small but fatal weakness Synonym Weakness Antonym Strong-suit	1
7329271467	Acquire/Acquisitive	Acquisitive is seeking to acquire, see definition below Verb 1. to come into possession or ownership of; get as one's own: to acquire property. 2. to gain for oneself through one's actions or efforts: to acquire learning. 3. Linguistics. to achieve native or nativelike command of (a language or a linguistic rule or element). 4. Military. to locate and track (a moving target) with a detector, as radar. Synonyms Win, earn, attain Antonyms Forfeit, lose	2
7329274122	Avid	Adjective 1. showing great enthusiasm for or interest in: an avid moviegoer. Synonyms: enthusiastic, ardent, keen; devoted, dedicated; zealous, fanatic. Antonyms: indifferent, apathetic; reluctant. 2. extremely desirous (often followed by for or sometimes of): avid for pleasure; avid of power. Synonyms: eager; hungry, greedy, insatiable; covetous. Antonyms: disdainful, loath.	3
7329274123	Cessation	noun 1. A temporary or complete stopping. Synonyms Stop, halt, discontinue Antonyms Start, go, commence	4
7329276645	Cognizant	adjective 1. having cognizance; aware (usually followed by of): He was cognizant of the difficulty. 2. having legal cognizance or jurisdiction. Synonyms Aware, conscious Antonyms Indifferent, senseless	5
7329276646	Commodity	Noun 1. an article of trade or commerce, especially a product as distinguished from a service. 2. something of use, advantage, or value. 3. Stock Exchange. any unprocessed or partially processed good, as grain, fruits, and vegetables, or precious metals. 4. Obsolete. a quantity of goods. Synonyms Asset, goods, product	6
7329279209	Credence	Noun 1. belief as to the truth of something: to give credence to a claim. 2. something giving a claim to belief or confidence: letter of credence. 3. Also called credence table, credenza. Ecclesiastical. a small side table, shelf, or niche for holding articles used in the Eucharist service. 4. Furniture. credenza (def 1). Synonyms Trust, acceptance Antonyms Denial, doubt	7
7329462365	Depraved/Depravity	Depravity is the state of being depraved or a depraved act, see below Adjective 1. corrupt, wicked, or perverted. Synonyms Lewd, sinful, vicious Antonyms Clean, moral, righteous	8
7329462366	Disseminate	Verb 1. to scatter or spread widely, as though sowing seed; promulgate extensively; broadcast; disperse. Synonyms Distribute, scatter Antonyms Conceal, gather	9
7329464039	Distraught	Adjective 1. distracted; deeply agitated. 2. mentally deranged; crazed. Synonyms Agitated, frantic Antonyms Balanced, composed	10
7329464040	Evince	Verb 1. to show clearly; make evident or manifest; prove. 2. to reveal the possession of (a quality, trait, etc.). Synonyms Manifest, display Antonyms Deny, withhold	11
7329466318	Fortuitous	Adjective 1. happening or produced by chance; accidental: a fortuitous encounter. 2. lucky; fortunate. Synonyms Arbitrary, unforeseen Antonyms Deliberate, intentional	12
7329466319	Implicit	Adjective 1. implied, rather than expressly stated: implicit agreement. 2. unquestioning or unreserved; absolute: implicit trust; implicit obedience; implicit confidence. 3. potentially contained (usually followed by in): to bring out the drama implicit in the occasion. 4. Mathematics. (of a function) having the dependent variable not explicitly expressed in terms of the independent variables, as x 2+ y 2= 1. Compare explicit (def 6). 5. Obsolete. entangled. Synonyms Inherent, absolute Antonyms Disloyal, stated	13
7329469086	Inane	Adjective 1. lacking sense, significance, or ideas; silly: inane questions. 2. empty; void. Noun 3. something that is empty or void, especially the void of infinite space. Synonyms Stupid, absurd Antonyms Intelligent, bright	14
7329613443	Mawkish	Adjective 1. characterized by sickly sentimentality; weakly emotional; maudlin. 2. having a mildly sickening flavor; slightly nauseating. Synonyms Cloying, sappy Antonyms Calm, serious	15
7329613444	Paltry	Adjective 1. ridiculously or insultingly small: a paltry sum. 2. utterly worthless. 3. mean or contemptible. Synonyms Meager, trivial Antonyms Plenty, substantial	16
7329615462	Pernicious	Adjective 1. causing insidious harm or ruin; ruinous; injurious; hurtful: pernicious teachings; a pernicious lie. 2. deadly; fatal: a pernicious disease. 3. Obsolete. evil; wicked. Synonyms Detrimental, harmful Antonyms Benevolent, harmless	17
7329615463	Quarrelsome	Adjective 1. inclined to quarrel; argumentative; contentious. Synonyms Unruly, petulant Antonyms Agreeable, calm	18
7329617254	Reverberate	Verb 1. to reecho or resound: Her singing reverberated through the house. 2. Physics. to be reflected many times, as sound waves from the walls of a confined space. 3. to rebound or recoil. 4. to be deflected, as flame in a reverberatory furnace. Synonyms Echo, ring Antonym Quieten	19
7329617255	Rife	Adjective 1. of common or frequent occurrence; prevalent; in widespread existence, activity, or use: Crime is rife in the slum areas of our cities. 2. current in speech or report: Rumors are rife that the government is in financial difficulty. 3. abundant, plentiful, or numerous. 4. abounding (usually followed by with). Synonyms Prevalent, rampant Antonyms Limited, scarce	20
7329619390	Stratagem	Noun 1. A plan, scheme, or trick for surprising or deceiving an enemy. 2. Any artifice, ruse, or trick devised or used to attain a goal or to gain an advantage over an adversary or competitor. Synonyms Action, deception	21
7329619391	Tutelage	Noun 1. The act of guarding, protecting, or guiding; office or function of a guardian; guardianship. 2. Instruction; teaching; guidance. Synonyms Apprenticeship, coaching	22
7329619392	Ulterior	Adjective 1. Being beyond what is seen it avowed; intentionally kept concealed. 2. Coming at a subsequent time or stage; future; further. Synonyms Ambiguous, covert Antonyms Expressed, overt	23
7329622093	Unremitting	Adjective 1. Not slackening or abating; incessant. Synonyms Ceaseless, constant Antonyms Discontinuous, intermittent	24
7329624042	Zenith	Noun 1. The point on the celestial sphere vertically above a given position or observer. 2. A highest point or state; culmination. Synonyms Apex, summit Antonyms Bottom, nadir	25

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AP Lang Vocab8 Flashcards

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6133094354	hackneyed	Overused	0
6133094355	mundane	Ordinary	1
6133096119	pragmatic	Practical	2
6133096120	cogent	Convincing and Well reasoned	3
6133096121	opulent	Luxurious	4
6133119949	prolific	Abundantly productive Producing a lot	5
6133119950	avarice	Greed	6
6133119951	reticent	Reserved Introvert	7
6133121939	lethargic	Sluggish Lazy	8
6133121940	trepidation	Fear Apprehension Anxiety	9

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Cognitive & Language AP Psych Flashcards

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9397103316	cognition	the act of perceiving or knowing	0
9397103317	Concepts	ideas that represent a class or category of objects, events, or activities	1
9397103318	prototype	a mental image or best example of a category	2
9397103319	Algorithms	very specific, step-by-step procedures for solving certain types of problems	3
9397103320	Heuristics	mental shortcuts	4
9397103321	creativity	the ability to produce novel and valuable ideas	5
9397103322	convergent thinking	narrows the available problem solutions to determine the single best solution	6
9397103323	divergent thinking	a type of creative thinking in which one generates new solutions to problems	7
9397103324	confirmation bias	a tendency to search for information that confirms one's preconceptions	8
9397103325	functional fixedness	the tendency to think of things only in terms of their usual functions	9
9397103326	mental set	a habitual strategy or pattern of problem solving	10
9397103327	representativeness heuristic	a mental shortcut whereby people classify something according to how similar it is to a typical case	11
9397103328	availability heuristic	estimating the likelihood of events based on their availability in memory	12
9397103329	belief perseverance	clinging to one's initial conceptions after the basis on which they were formed has been discredited	13
9397103330	Anchoring	The tendency for individuals to rely too heavily on a single piece of information.	14
9397103331	intuition	the power of knowing things without thinking; sharp insight	15
9397103332	Framing	the way an issue is posed; how an issue is framed can significantly affect decisions and judgments.	16
9397103333	language	our spoken, written, or signed words and the ways we combine them to communicate meaning	17
9397103334	phoneme	in language, the smallest distinctive sound unit	18
9397103335	Morpheme	Smallest unit of meaning	19
9397103336	grammar	in a language, a system of rules that enables us to communicate with and understand others	20
9397103337	Semantics	Meaning of words and sentences	21
9397103338	Syntax	Sentence structure	22
9397103339	babbling stage	babies spontaneously uttering a variety of words, such as ah-goo	23
9397103340	one-word stage	the stage in which children speak mainly in single words	24
9397103341	two-word stage	they start uttering two word sentences	25
9397103342	telegraphic speech	early speech stage in which a child speaks like a telegram—"go car"—using mostly nouns and verbs.	26
9397103343	operant learning	B.F. Skinner's theory that we learn language through association, imitation, and reinforcement	27
9397103344	universal grammar	a proposed set of highly abstract, unconscious rules that are common to all languages	28
9397103345	surface structure	how a sentence is worded	29
9397103346	deep structure	the meaning of a sentence	30
9397103347	critical learning	listening to evaluate or analyze	31
9397103348	linguistic determinism	Whorf's hypothesis that language determines the way we think	32
9397103349	Noam Chomsky	Created concept of "universal grammar"	33
9397103350	Benjamin Whorf	language; his hypothesis is that language determines the way we think	34
9397103351	Amos Tversky	A key figure in the discovery of systematic human cognitive bias	35
9397103352	Daniel Kahneman	reinforcing Bentham's idea because we now have ways to measure happiness	36

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