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AP English Language Vocab Semester 1 Flashcards

7264994893	acclimate	adjust to climate or environment; adapt	0
7264998761	ebullient	(adj.) overflowing with enthusiasm and excitement; boiling, bubbling	1
7265002063	fatuous	(adj.) stupid or foolish in a self-satisfied way	2
7265005153	consensus	a general agreement	3
7265006459	megalomania	a delusion marked by a feeling of power, wealth, talent, etc., far in excess of reality	4
7265009830	milieu	(n.) the physical or social setting in which something occurs or develops	5
7265016123	pernicious	(adj.) highly injurious or destructive	6
7265019210	ruminate	(vb.) to go over in the mind repeatedly and often casually or slowly	7
7265023639	tenacity	(n.) the quality or state of being persistent	8
7265031962	visage	(n.) the face, countenance, or appearance of a person or sometimes an animal	9
7269186998	Countenance	facial expression (n); to accept, support, or approve of something (vb)	10
7269186999	Felicity	(n) happiness or blissfulness	11
7269187000	Gravity	(n) seriousness or importance	12
7269187001	Integrity	(n) firm adherence to a code of especially moral or artistic values; incorruptibility	13
7269187002	Propriety	(n) being proper, suitable, appropriate	14
7399529814	Objectivity	N. The quality of being fair, impartial, neutral	15
7399529815	Languid (adj)	Dropping as if from exhaustion; sluggish in character or disposition	16
7399529816	vestige (n)	A trace, mark or visible sign left by something (such as an ancient city or a condition or practice) ancient or lost	17
7399529817	assert (v)	state of fact or belief confidently and forcefully	18
7399529818	assertion (n.)	A confident and forceful statement of fact or belief	19
7399529819	Chicanery (n.)	The use of trickery to achieve a political, financial, or legal purpose	20
7475061785	Analogous	comparable	21
7475061786	Egalitarian	Believing in the principle that all people are equal and deserve equal rights and opportunities	22
7475061787	malfeasance	wrongdoing or bad conduct by a public official	23
7475061788	Refute (v)	Prove to be wrong or false	24
7475061789	soporific	sleep-inducing	25
8361876918	connotation	(n) an idea or feeling that a word invokes in addition to its literal or primary meaning	26
8361902949	maxim	(n) a pithy statement expressing a general truth or rule of conduct	27
8361924906	dichotomy	(n) a division or contrast between two things that are or are represented as being opposed or entirely different logic	28
8361944967	equivocate	(v) use ambiguous language so as to conceal the truth or avoid committing oneself	29
8361968949	anthropomorphic	(adj) the attribution or behavior to a god, animal or object	30
8362004200	obscure	(adj) not clear or plain; vague	31
8362016514	slander	(n) a false, malicious, and defamatory statement; to defame	32
8362036870	complaisant	(adj) agreeable; gracious	33
8362046181	pithy	(adj) concise and forcefully expressed	34
8362053119	anecdote	(n) short account of an incident	35
8362069985	impartial	(adj) treating all rivals or disputants equally, fair and just	36
8362084650	prosaic	(adj) commonplace or dull; ordinary	37
8362095384	syntax	(n) the arrangement of words and phrases to create well-framed sentences in a language	38
8362114228	prodigious	(adj) remarkably or impressively great in extent , size or degree	39
8362129981	euphemism	(n) the act or an example of substituting a mild, indirect, or vague term for one considerable harsh, blunt or offensive	40
8362154811	paradigm	(n) a typical pattern of something; a model	41
8362165808	dialectic	(adj) the art of investigating or discussing the truth of opinions	42
8362182045	Vignette	(n) a brief evocative description; account or episode	43
8362197538	vitriolic	(adj) filled with bitter criticism	44
8362211104	Truncated	(v) shorten (something) by cutting off the top or the end	45
8362225140	discourse	(n) written or spoken communication or debate	46
8362235449	vilify	(v) to utter slanderous and abusive statements against	47
8362250200	colloquial	(n) pertaining to words or expressions more suitable for speech than writing; in informal, conventional style	48
8362273323	premise	(n) a previous statement or proposition from which another is inferred or follows as a conclusion	49
8362292861	farce	(n) a comic dramatic work using buffoonery and horseplay and typically including crude characterization and ludicrously improbable situations	50

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Berger's AP Lang Vocabulary Set 1 Flashcards

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6135440813	laconic	using few words; concise	0
6135443805	pithy	brief, forcefully, and meaningful in expression	1
6135446294	quiescent	quiet, inactive or motionless	2
6135448223	taciturn	inclined to silence; reserved in speech	3
6135450183	terse	abruptly concise; curt	4
6135452079	diffuse	wordy; rambling	5
6135454373	grandiloquent	speaking in an inflated style	6
6135458568	loquacious	talkative; chatty	7
6135460324	verbose	using or expressed in more words than needed	8
6135462223	voluble	speaking or spoken incessantly and fluently	9
6135463970	allay	to put to rest; calm	10
6135465738	ameliorate	to make or become better; improve	11
6135467490	conciliate	to win over; reconcile	12
6135468654	mollify	to soften in feeling or temper; appease	13
6135469656	placate	to pacify	14
6135469657	affable	easy to approach	15
6135470633	congenial	agreeable, pleasing in nature	16
6135476126	jocular	characterized by joking or jesting	17
6135478542	levity	lack of appropriate seriousness	18
6135479684	cantakerous	disagreeable to deal with	19
6135479685	captious	apt to notice and make much of trivial faults or defects	20
6135481839	disputations	the act of disputing or debating	21
6135483972	polemic	a controversial argument	22
6135485588	pugnacious	inclined to quarrel or fight readily	23
6135493442	convivial	friendly, jovial	24

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AP Lit Language of Poetry Flashcards

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9770024758	iamb	two-syllable foot with the stress on the second syllable; most common foot in English	0
9770045111	trochee	consists of a stressed syllable followed by an unstressed syllable	1
9770115147	anapest	three syllables with the stress on the last syllable	2
9770344801	dactyl	three syllables with the stress on the first syllable	3
9770363282	spondee	2 stressed syllables (ex- compound words); used for variation	4
9770373085	pyrrhic	2 unstressed syllables; rare and is found interspersed with other feet	5
9770410346	hexameter	a line of 6 iambic feet is sometimes called an alexandrine; the ninth line of a Spenserian stanza is referred to as an alexandrine	6
9770556562	heptameter	7 iambic feet	7
9770575453	octameter	8 iambic feet	8
9770589605	internal rhyme	consists of the similarity occurring between two or more words in the same line of verse	9
9770608754	a. masculine rhyme b. feminine or double rhyme c. triple rhyme	The kinds of rhyme based on the number of syllables presenting a similarity of sound are:	10
9770617337	masculine rhyme	when one syllable of a word rhymes with another word (blend and send, bright and light)	11
9770660780	feminine/double rhyme	when the last 2 syllables of a word rhyme with another word	12
9770679989	triple rhyme	when the last 3 syllables of a word or line rhyme	13
9770695946	consonance	the repetition of consonant sounds within a line of verse; similar to alliteration except it doesn't limit the repeated sound of the initial letter of a word	14
9770724994	refrain	the repetition of one or more phrases or lines at intervals in a poem, usually at the end of a stanza; often takes the form of a chorus	15
9770807817	a. couplet b. triplet c. quatrain d. quintet e. sestet f. septet g. octave h. others are identified as nine, ten, or eleven-line stanzas	Basic stanza forms:	16
9770811346	couplet	2 line stanza that rhymes A-A	17
9770811347	triplet	3 line stanza	18
9770814666	quatrain	4 line stanza; various rhyme forms (A-A-A-A, A-B-A-B, A-B-B-A, A-B-A-C)	19
9770817774	quintet	5 line stanza that can have one of many rhyme schemes	20
9770822306	sestet	6 line stanza	21
9770824490	septet	7 line stanza	22
9770827694	octave	8 line stanza that can have numerous possibilities for rhyme scheme	23
9770888642	a. heroic couplet b. ballad stanza c. rime royal d. ottava rima e. spenserian stanza	Special stanza forms:	24
9770973446	heroic couplet (close couplet)	consists of 2 successive rhyming verses that contain a complete thought within the 2 lines that usually consists of iambic pentameter lines	25
9770989233	ballad stanza	4 lines with a rhyme scheme of A-B-C-B; first and third lines are tetrameter and the second and fourth lines are trimeter	26
9771036596	rime royal	stanza consisting of 7 lines in iambic pentameter rhyming A-B-A-B-B-C-C	27
9771051164	Ottava Rima	consists of 8 iambic pentameter lines with a rhyme scheme of A-B-A-B-A-B-C-C	28
9771070431	spenserian stanza	9-line stanza consisting of 8 iambic pentameter lines followed by an alexandrine, a line of iambic hexameter; rhyme scheme A-B-A-B-B-C-B-C-C	29
9771102317	run-on line	the continuation of an uncompleted phrase or sentence from one line to the next without punctuation; help create the form of the poem and allow the poet greater freedom in developing his rhyme scheme without adding unnecessary words	30
9771161104	ellipsis	the omission of a word or words	31
9771178857	figures of speech	enrich the meaning of an idea or experience or to intensify an emotion	32
9771211647	imagery	when the poet creates pictures in the mind through the use of language; appeal to one of the five senses	33
9771233328	narrative, lyric, or didactic	Kinds of poetry:	34
9771247419	narrative	has story quality (3 elements-setting, character, plot)	35
9771284547	1. an especially long narrative poem with a heroic swee is an epic 2. ballad	Types of narrative poems:	36
9771287629	ballad	tell a story that centers on one dramatic event whose theme may be tragic, or heroic	37
9771302214	folk and literary	Kinds of ballads:	38
9771326524	folk ballad	written in simple language and form; their characteristics are the use of dialogue and the repetition of certain lines as a refrain	39
9771368699	on the story itself, not how the teller feels about the characters or what happened to them; to tell a moving story about people and events that everyone can enjoy	What is the focus of attention and prime purpose of folk ballads?	40
9771375536	literary ballad	based on old legends; bring out truth or teach a lesson; has all elements of poetry	41

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AP Language and Composition (Part 1) Flashcards

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9909391298	allegory	narrative with multiple levels of meaning	0
9909407467	alliteration	sequential repetition of similar initial sound	1
9909411186	allusion	a literary, historical, religious or mythological reference	2
9909416444	anaphora	repetition of words at start of successive clauses	3
9909450148	antithesis	juxtaposition (act of two things being seen or placed) of sharply contrasting ideas in balanced/parallel words	4
9909476329	aphorism	concise statement designed to make a point	5
9909481184	apostrophe	address to something inanimate	6
9909484700	assonance	repetition of identical/similar vowel sounds	7
9909494848	asyndeton	style where conjunctions are omitted	8
9909497942	attitude	tone, voice/mood of writing	9
9909500578	canon	that which has been accepted as authentic	10
9909505564	claim	the assertion of something as fact	11
9909508144	colloquial	ordinary language, vernacular	12
9909513470	conceit	prolonged comparison of two unlikely things	13
9909517905	connotation	meaning suggested by a word, apart from its denotation, or explicit definition	14
9909522949	consonance	repetition of two or more consonants	15
9909526379	convention	accepted manner, model or traditions	16
9909530496	deductive reasoning	argument in which specific statement/ conclusions are drawn from general principals	17
9909555968	dialect	language and speech of a specific area, region, group of people	18
9909565376	diction	specific word choice to persuade or convey tone	19
9909578277	didactic	containing instructive purpose or a lesson	20
9909582994	elegy	poetic lament upon death of a particular person	21
9909607879	epistrophe	repetition of a phrase at the end of a sentence	22
9909611460	epitaph	praise for a dead person	23
9909614565	ethos	appeal of text to credibility and character of writer	24
9909622374	eulogy	speech or prose in praise of a deceased person	25
9909628482	euphemism	kinder way to give unpleasant information	26
9909639219	expository	explains its own meaning or purpose	27
9909655673	extended metaphor	series of comparisons within a piece of writing	28
9909664966	genre	type class of literature	29
9909688661	homily	sermon, talk, lecture on moral or spiritual life	30

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AP Psychology Language and Cognition Flashcards

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8474861055	Innateness Theory of Language	Chomsky, children acquire language not just through imitation, but by following pre programed steps to acquire language LAD language acquisition device mental structure that facilitates learning of language b/c it is preprogrammed w/ fundamental rules All children follow same pattern of acquisition, LAD is flexible to any language	0
8474864332	Language	spoken written or gestured works and the way we combine them to communicate	1
8474870881	Phoneme	smallest distinctive sound	2
8474873563	Morpheme	smallest unit that carries meaning (prefix, ed/d, s)	3
8474879060	Grammar	system of rules in a language that enables us to communicate w/ and understand	4
8474882411	Semantic	set of rules by which we derive meaning from morphemes, words, and sentences	5
8474884446	Syntax	rules for combining words in grammatically sensible sentences in a given language	6
8474889193	Babbling Stage	3-4 months, speech development when infants utter various sound correlated to language	7
8474893820	One Word Stage	1-2 yrs, stage of development, speaking using one word	8
8474901919	2 Word Stage	2 years old, child speaks in 2 words sentences	9
8474905898	Telegraphic speech	child speaks using nouns and verbs omitting auxiliary words	10
8474911983	Skinner Model	nurturist, language occurs through learning	11
8474917440	Association	sights and sounds of words	12
8474922531	Imitation	of words and syntax models	13
8474925062	Reinforcement	smiles and hugs	14
8474933924	Chomsky	naturist, we cannot explain language through learning principles, LAD Universal language: have the same building blocks Generate sentences, language can occur naturally Universally speak in nouns	15
8474938342	Concept	mental grouping of similar objects, events, ideas, people	16
8474947996	Prototype	mental image or best example of a category formed on the basis of frequently experienced features	17
8474952657	Natural Concept	imprecise mental classifications that develop out of everyday experiences Everyday life	18
8474956407	Artificial Concept	defined by set of rules or characteristics, such as dictionary definition or mathematical equations Formed in school	19
8474963443	Cognitive Maps	mental representations of given place or situation Mental image not enough, w/ visual cortex frontal lobe of brain provides us w/ info on the episode, context & stimulation	20
8474968405	Schema	general framework provides expectations of topics, events, objects, people, and situations	21
8474973333	Accommodation	adapting our current understanding to incorporate new info	22
8474978690	Assimilation	interpreting new experiences w/ our existing schema	23
8474983617	Script	schema about sequences of events and actions expected to occur in particular settings	24
8474991608	Algorithms	problem solving procedures or formulas that guarantee a correct outcome if correctly applied Time consuming but guaranteed	25
8474994683	Heuristics	simple, basic rules that serve as shortcuts to solves complex mental tasks Not time consuming, do not guarantee a correct solution	26
8474996953	Insight	sudden realization of a solution to any problem, contrast w/ strategy based solutions	27
8475001880	Mental Set	when faced w/ problems tendency to approach it in a familiar way, especially if it has been successful, but not always in a new problems	28
8475005973	Functional Fixedness	inability to perceive a new use for an object associated w/ a different purpose	29
8475009847	Confirmation Bias	tendency to search info that supports preconceptions and ignore contradictory evidence	30
8475011913	Hindsight Bias	tendency to second guess a decision after the event has happened I knew it all along	31
8475016768	Representative bias (heuristic)	judging likelihood of things in terms of how well they match your prototype	32
8475020195	Availability	estimating likelihood of events based on availability in memory If instances come readily to mind we presume events	33
8475024151	Overconfidence	tendency to overestimate accuracy our knowledge and judgement	34
8475028261	Belief Perseverance	clinging to one's initial conception after basis on which they have been formed as discredited	35
8475031048	Framing	the way an issue is posed, can impact judgement and decisions loftus questions	36
8475497330	Intuition	automatic feelings or thoughts as contrasted w/ conscious reasoning	37

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AP Lang Vocabulary List 1 Flashcards

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7254540106	assertion	a declaration or statement	0
7254542558	clarity	clearness in thought or expression	1
7254543887	cogent	convincing; reasonable	2
7254544932	cohesive	condition of sticking together	3
7254546805	didactic	Instructive; Intended to instruct	4
7254547940	discourse	verbal expression or exchange; conversation	5
7254548926	eloquence	fluent or persuasive speaking or writing	6
7254550155	sardonic	characterized by bitter or scornful derision; mocking; cynical; sneering	7
7254551020	implication	the act of suggesting or hinting	8
7254552954	rhetoric	The art of using language effectively and persuasively	9
7255937048	synecdoche	a figure of speech in which a part is made to represent the whole or vice versa	10
7255938395	metonymy	the substitution of the name of an attribute or adjunct for that of the thing meant	11

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AP Language Vocab List #1 Flashcards

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7204299155	Abhor	To regard with disgust and hatred	0
7204299156	Bigot	A narrow-minded, prejudiced person	1
7204299157	Counterfeit	fake or false	2
7204299158	Enfranchise	To give voting rights	3
7204299159	Hamper	To hinder or obstruct	4
7204299160	Kindle	To light or start a fire; to inspire	5
7204299161	Noxious	Harmful, poisonous, or very unpleasant	6
7204299162	Placid	Not easily upset or excited	7
7204299163	Remuneration	Payment for work completed	8
7204299164	Talisman	An object held to bring good fortune	9

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AP Language SAT List 5 (Qtr 4) Flashcards

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9412275150	licentious	adj. lacking morals or standards adv. licentiously; n. licentiousness	0
9412290469	maudlin	adj. weakly sentimental	1
9412295081	remuneration	n. compensation or payment for services	2
9412300882	fortuitous	adj. advantageous; lucky (adv.) fortuitously	3
9412308242	prodigious	adj. immense in size or amount; large (adv) prodigiously;	4
9412314689	modicum	n. a small amount	5
9412321434	ambivalence	n. the state of having contradictory or conflicting emotional attitudes adj. ambivalent; adv. ambivalently	6
9412325980	mollify	v. to calm or make less severe (adj/tone word) mollifying	7
9412336371	culpable	adj. held accountable for actions	8
9412340608	plethora	n. an excessive amount	9
9415166567	Review/Practice 1	Choose any 5 words from the list and write a meaningful sentence about events, ideas, or characters in Part One. Use a semicolon--with or without a conjunctive adverb.	10
9433736215	Practice 2/Review	Write 5 sentences about anything you want. Use the remaining 5 words in any form. Do not write simple sentences. She has a modicum of athletic ability. (no)	11

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AP Human Geography Language Flashcards

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8192518326	Accent	A way of pronouncing words that indicates the place of origin or social background of the speaker.	0
8192518327	Anatolian Hypothesis	The Proto-Indo-European language peacefully spread through the innovation of agriculture	1
8192518328	Creole	a mother tongue that originates from contact between two languages	2
8192518329	Dialect	A regional variety of a language distinguished by vocabulary, spelling, and pronunciation.	3
8192518330	extinct language	A language that was once used by people in daily activities but is no longer used.	4
8192518331	ideogram	symbol that stands for a concept rather than a word	5
8192518332	Indo-European	relating to the family of languages spoken over the greater part of Europe and Asia as far as northern India.	6
8192518333	Nostratic Hypothesis	hypothesized ancestral language of Proto-Indo-European, as well as other ancestral language families	7
8192518334	Isogloss	A boundary that separates regions in which different language usages predominate.	8
8192518335	Isolated language	A language that is unrelated to any other languages and therefore not attached to any language family	9
8192518336	Kurgan Hypothesis	Belief that Indo-Europeans spread from Central Asian conquerors who arrived on horseback.(kurgans)	10
8192518337	Language	our spoken, written, or signed words and the ways we combine them to communicate meaning	11
8192518338	Language branch	A collection of languages related through a common ancestor that existed several thousand years ago	12
8192518339	Language family	A collection of languages related to each other through a common ancestor long before recorded history	13
8192518340	Language group	A collection of languages within a branch that share a common origin in the relatively recent past and display relatively few differences in grammar and vocabulary	14
8192518341	Lingua franca	A language mutually understood and commonly used in trade by people who have different native languages	15
8192518342	Literary tradition	A language that is written as well as spoken	16
8192518343	mono-linguality	Speaking only one language	17
8192518344	bi-linguality	Speaking two languages	18
8192518345	multi-linguality	Speaking several languages	19
8192518346	National language	Most common language used in the nation: , language with the widest distribution and most speakers	20
8192518347	Official language	The language adopted for use by the government for the conduct of business and publication of documents	21
8192518348	Orthography	The conventional spelling system of a language	22
8192518349	Pidgin	A form of speech that adopts a simplified grammar and limited vocabulary of a lingua franca, used for communications among speakers or two different languages	23
8192518350	Polyglot	a speaker of many languages	24
8192518351	Slang	newly coined words that are not yet a part of formal usage	25
8192518352	Standard language	The form of language used for official government business, education, and mass communications	26
8192518353	Syntax	The arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language.	27
8192518354	Toponym	The name given to a portion of Earth's surface.	28
8192518355	trade language	a common language that emerges when countries trade with each other	29
8192518356	Vernacular	Everyday language of ordinary people	30
8192518357	vocabulary	words used to communicate either a spoken or written message	31

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AP Language Vocab (Unit 6) Flashcards

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5384345166	anomalous	abnormal, irregular, departing from the usual	0
5384345167	aspersion	a damaging or derogatory statement	1
5384345168	bizarre	extremely strange, unusual, atypical	2
5384345169	brusque	abrupt, blunt, with no formalities	3
5384345170	cajole	to coax, persuade through flattery	4
5384345171	castigate	to critcize severely	5
5384345172	contrive	to bring about through a plan	6
5384345173	demagogue	a leader who exploits popular prejudices and false claims and promises in order to gain power	7
5384345174	disabuse	to free from deception or error, set right in ideas or thinking	8
5384345175	ennui	weariness and dissatisfaction from lack of occupation or interest, boredom	9
5384345178	immutable	not subject to change, constant	10
5384345179	insurgent	-one who rebels or rises against authority -surging or rushing in or on	11
5384345180	megalomania	a delusion marked by a feeling of power, wealth, talent, etc. far in excess of reality	12
5384345181	sinecure	a position requiring little or no work	13
5384345182	surreptitious	stealthy, secret, intended to escape observation; made or accomplished by fraud	14
5384345183	transgress	to go beyond a limit or boundary	15
5384345184	transmute	to change from one nature, substance, or form to another	16
5384345185	vicarious	performed, suffered, or otherwise experienced by one person in place of another	17

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AP English Language Vocab Semester 1 Flashcards

Berger's AP Lang Vocabulary Set 1 Flashcards

AP Lit Language of Poetry Flashcards

AP Language and Composition (Part 1) Flashcards

AP Psychology Language and Cognition Flashcards

AP Lang Vocabulary List 1 Flashcards

AP Language Vocab List #1 Flashcards

AP Language SAT List 5 (Qtr 4) Flashcards

AP Human Geography Language Flashcards

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