AP US History: Imperialism Flashcards
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| 5438179164 | Alfred Thayer Mahan | A United States Navy officer His ideas on the importance of sea power influenced navies around the world, and helped prompt naval buildups before World War I. The Influence of Seapower Upon History,1660-1783, published in 1890 | 0 | |
| 5438179165 | Valeriano "Butcher" Weyler | He was a Spanish General referred to as the "Butcher." He undertook to crush the Cuban rebellion by herding many civilians into barbed-wire reconcentration camps, where they could not give assistance to the armed insurrectionists. The civilians died in deadly pestholes. "Butcher" was removed in 1897. | 1 | |
| 5438179166 | Dupuy de Lóme | He was a Spanish minister in Washington who wrote a private letter to a friend concerning President McKinley (called him basically usless and indecisive) The discovery of his letter strained Spanish-American relations, which helped initiate the Spanish-American War. | 2 | |
| 5438179167 | Theodore Roosevelt | 26th president, known for: conservationism, trust-busting, Hepburn Act, safe food regulations, "Square Deal," Panama Canal, Great White Fleet, Nobel Peace Prize for negotiation of peace in Russo-Japanese War. | 3 | |
| 5438179168 | George Dewey | A United States naval officer remembered for his victory at Manila Bay in the Spanish-American War, U.S. naval commander who led the American attack on the Philippines. | 4 | |
| 5438179169 | Emilio Aguinaldo | Leader of the Filipino independence movement against Spain (1895-1898). He proclaimed the independence of the Philippines in 1899, but his movement was crushed and he was captured by the United States Army in 1901. | 5 | |
| 5438179170 | William Howard Taft | (1908-1912), was endorsed by Roosevelt because he pledged to carry on progressive program, then he didn't appoint any Progressives to the Cabinet, actively pursued anti-trust law suits, ran for re-election in 1912 but lost to Wilson. | 6 | |
| 5438179171 | Reconcentration | Policy of moving Cubans to detention camps so that they could not aid rebels. | 7 | |
| 5438179172 | Imperialism | A policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries poitically, socially, and economically. | 8 | |
| 5438179173 | Spheres of Influence | Areas in which countries have some political and economic control but do not govern directly. | 9 | |
| 5438179174 | Teller Amendment | Legislation that promised the US would not annex Cuba after winning the Spanish-American war. | 10 | |
| 5438179175 | Treaty of Paris | Signed by the United States and Spain in December 1898, this treaty ended the Spanish-American War. | 11 | |
| 5438179176 | Anti-Imperialist League | Group objected to the annexation of the Philippines and the building of an American empire. Idealism, self-interest, racism, constitutionalism, and other reasons motivated them, but they failed to make their case; the Philippines were annexed in 1900. | 12 | |
| 5438179177 | Boxer Rebellion | 1899 rebellion in Beijing, China started by a secret society of Chinese who opposed the "foreign devils". The rebellion was ended by British troops. | 13 | |
| 5438179178 | Rough Riders | volunteer Calvary, a mixure of Ivy League athletes and western frontiermen, volunteered to fight in the Spanish-American War. Enlisted by Theodore Roosevelt | 14 | |
| 5438179179 | Big-stick Diplomacy | -roosevelts foreign policy was agressive and imperialistic and would use military force if necessary | 15 | |
| 5438179180 | Roosevelt Corollary | Roosevelt's 1904 extension of the Monroe Doctrine, stating that the United States has the right to protect its economic interests in South And Central America by using military force. | 16 | |
| 5438179181 | Insurrectos | Cuban insurgents who used a scorched earth policy to try to drive out the Spanish landlords. | 17 | |
| 5438179182 | Expansionism | The doctrine of expanding the territory or the economic influence of a country. | 18 | |
| 5438179183 | Big Sister Policy | James G. Blaine's idea to rally Latin American nations around American leadership to open markets to traders | 19 | |
| 5438179184 | Great Rapprochement | after decades of occasionally "twisting the lions tail"american diplomats began to cultivate close cordial relations w/GB at the end of the 19th century(intensifies WW1) | 20 | |
| 5438179185 | Mckinley Tariff | raised duties on hawaiian sugar and set off renewed efforts to secure the annexation of hawaii to the USA | 21 | |
| 5451363933 | McKinley Tariff effects | Decedents of missionares started farms in Hawaii selling sugar cane- because Hawaii was not a state, McKinley Tariff increased prices on sugar. Farmers revolt against Liliuokalani so that they can be annexed into US so they won't be subject to tariff. Pearl Harbor was another reason to annex Hawaii, but Cleveland denied annexation. McKinley passes it. | 22 | |
| 5438179186 | USS Maine | american battleship dispatched to keep a "friendly" watch over cuba in early 1898 it mysteriously blew up havana harbor on feb. 2 1898 w/260 sailors dead, explosion was accidental, USA thought it was spanish submarine fault and was ready for war | 23 | |
| 5438179187 | Foraker Act | gave the US direct control over and power to set up a government in Puerto Rico | 24 | |
| 5438179188 | Insular Cases | These were court cases dealing with islands/countries that had been recently annexed and demanded the rights of a citizen. These Supreme Court cases decided that the Constitution did not always follow the flag, thus denying the rights of a citizen to Puerto Ricans and Filipinos. | 25 | |
| 5438179189 | Platt Amendment | after us switched its original promise of giving cuba its ind. after usa defeat spanish (teller amendm.) USA forced into Cuban Constitution. Cuba could not make treaties with other nations; US had right to intervene in Cuba; US naval bases on Cuban land; Cuba cant borrow money from other countries | 26 | |
| 5438179190 | Open Door Note | sent by John Hay to Germany, Russia, Great Britain, France, Italy & Japan asking the countries not to interfere with US trading rights in China. | 27 | |
| 5438179191 | Hay-Pauncefote treaty | agreement in which the U.S would receive exclusive rights to construct and control a canal in Central America nullified Clayton-Bulwer Treaty, allowing the Panama Canal to be built. | 28 | |
| 5438179192 | Root-Takahira Agreement | 1908 - Japan / U.S. agreement in which both nations agreed to respect each other's territories in the Pacific and to uphold the Open Door policy in China. | 29 | |
| 5438179193 | Josiah Strong | He believed it was the duty of "the white race" to share their knowledge and accomplishments worldwide. | 30 | |
| 5438179194 | James G Blaine | secretary of state in two administrations in the 1880's led early efforts to expand american influence in latin america | 31 | |
| 5438179195 | Richard Olney | Secretary of State under Cleveland, he was authorized by the President to deliver a message to London that the British were ignoring the Monroe Doctrine in their attempt to dominate Venezuela. | 32 | |
| 5438179196 | Queen Liliuokalani | queen of Hawaii that highly didnt agree w the US control of Hawaii and wanted to keep the islands mainly native, reducing the power of merchants from foreign nations. | 33 | |
| 5438179197 | John Hay | Secretary of State under McKinley and Roosevelt who pioneered the open-door policy and Panama canal | 34 | |
| 5448836707 | Big Stick Policy | This was and aggressive foreign policy under Theodore Roosevelt's Administration. There were several parts to his policy: 1) *The Panama Canal* - *1850*- Clayton-Bulwer Treaty (stated that the canal was a joint project between the US and Great Britain) *1901*- Hay Pauncefote Treaty( gave the US full control and access to create the canal, without Great Britain) *1903*- Hay Philipe Bunau Varilla Treaty (Agreement between the US and the revolutionary government of Panama granting America the right to build a canal) 2) *Roosevelt Corollary*- This was an add on to the Monroe Doctrine and dealt with Latin American countries who owed debt to European countries. America did not want European countries to have an excuse to colonize the Western Hemisphere, so US bought countries debt( latin countries would owe US the money instead) This resulted in the "Bad Neighbor" which was the unbalance relationship with the US and latin american countries. The US was looked at as the Police of the Western Hemisphere. 3) *Mediation of the Russo- Japanese War*- It was the 1st a non-europeans country was winning a war. Japan was winning the war with Russia and knew it had to end while they were winning. Japan asked Roosevelt to mediate the war. Both Russia and Japan thought they should have gotten more money as a result. 4) *Japan "Yellow Peril"* (fear of asian immigrants)*- In 1906, earthquake hit California and was destructive. The San. Fran. school board removed asians from schools due to schools being destroyed by the earthquake. Japan was insulted by this, so Roosevelt invited S.F school board to D.C. where they made they "Gentlemans agreement" (stopped segregation of asians and controlled immigration from japan to america). The US wanted to show strength and sent the Great White Fleet around the globe, stopping at Japan(to show their steel navy). The Root-Takahira Agreement - In 1905 an agreement with Japan in which we pledged to respect each other's territorial possessions and to uphold the Open Door policy in China. | 35 | |
| 5450069043 | Oversea Markets | Farmers wanted more markets to sell their goods, so in order to do so they believed colonization would open oversea markets and serve that need. | 36 | |
| 5450080777 | Yellow Press | Journalist who wrote to influence american public opinion about the Spanish/American War ( influenced americans to think they needed to go to war with Spain) | 37 | |
| 5450080778 | Religious Zeal | a factor as to why America became imperialistic. The reasoning, like Rev. Josiah Strong said, was that there were too many non-Christians in the world. So it was our duty to go and Christianize them. | 38 | |
| 5450083792 | Competition | A simple term used to describe Imperialism. When European countries were colonizing areas around the world, America was becoming more and more behind. This lead to the idea that America needs to compete with the other countries for land and power. | 39 | |
| 5438596776 | Hawaii | Know where it is located on the map. Also know facts about Hawaii (Queen Liliuokalani, Cleveland didn't want to annex Hawaii, Mckinley did. ) | 40 | |
| 5438209607 | Alaska | Know where it is located on the map. Brought from Russia. | 41 | |
| 5438211405 | Cuba | Know where it is located on the map. Also know facts about Cuba like "Butcher" Weyler, etc. | 42 | |
| 5438211406 | Puerto Rico | Know where it is located on the map. | 43 | |
| 5438217700 | Guam | Know where it is located on the map. | 44 | |
| 5438213684 | The Philippines | Know where it is located on the map. Know Emilio Aguinaldo, | 45 | |
| 5438213685 | Panama | Know where it is located on the map. Know about revolution against columbia ( with the help of US.). First president - Philipe Bunau Varilla | 46 | |
| 5438213686 | Columbia | Know where it is located on the map. Columbia controlled Panama until they gained their independence. Columbia didn't want to sell the land to US for the amount of money they offered. | 47 | |
| 5438215920 | Japan | Know where it is located on the map. Know Russo-Japan war and Yellow Peril. | 48 | |
| 5438217713 | Korea | Know where it is located on the map. | 49 | |
| 5438215921 | Samoa | Know where it is located on the map. | 50 |
