| 4807162905 | Ethos | Appeals to an audience's sense of morality/trust; Achieved by projecting an image of credibility which supports the speaker's position | | 0 |
| 4807163780 | Pathos | Appeal to emotion | | 1 |
| 4807163781 | Logos | An appeal to reason & logic. Relies on the use of facts, data, statistics, examples, evidence to prove a claim. | | 2 |
| 4807165025 | allusion | A brief and indirect reference to a person, place, thing or idea of historical, cultural, literary or political significance. | | 3 |
| 4807166378 | analogy | a logical comparison that highlights a literal similarity in relationship or function between two unlike things. Hammer:Carpenter :: Pen: Writer | | 4 |
| 4807166379 | anaphora | A rhetorical figure of repetition in which the same word or phrase is repeated in (and usually at the beginning of) successive lines, clauses, or sentences. | | 5 |
| 4807167420 | antithesis | An opposition or contrast of ideas that is often expressed in balanced phrases or clauses | | 6 |
| 4807167421 | aphorism | A brief, cleverly worded statement that makes a wise observation about life. | | 7 |
| 4807168571 | apostrophe | A figure of speech in which someone absent or dead or something nonhuman is addressed as if it were alive and present and could reply | | 8 |
| 4807168572 | connotation | All the meanings, associations, or emotions that a word suggests | | 9 |
| 4807169816 | denotation | The dictionary definition of a word | | 10 |
| 4807169817 | diction | An author's choice of words to convey a tone or effect | | 11 |
| 4807170833 | hyperbole | A figure of speech that uses exaggeration to express strong emotion, make a point, or evoke humor | | 12 |
| 4807170834 | imagery | Descriptive or figurative language in a literary work; the use of language to create sensory impressions. | | 13 |
| 4807170835 | irony | A contrast or discrepancy between what is stated and what is really meant, or between what is expected to happen and what actually does happen. | | 14 |
| 4807172481 | metaphor | A comparison that establishes a figurative identity between objects being compared. | | 15 |
| 4807172482 | metonymy | A figure of speech in which one word or phrase is substituted for another with which it is closely associated (such as "crown" for "royalty"). | | 16 |
| 4807173390 | paradox | A statement or proposition that seems self-contradictory or absurd but in reality expresses a possible truth. | | 17 |
| 4807173391 | parallelism | The repetition of similar grammatical or syntactical patterns. | | 18 |
| 4807174171 | personification | A figure of speech in which the author presents or describes concepts, animals, or inanimate objects by endowing them with human attributes or emotions. Personification is used to make these abstractions, animals, or objects appear more vivid to the reader. | | 19 |
| 4807174172 | pun | A joke exploiting the different possible meanings of a word or the fact that there are words that sound alike but have different meanings. | | 20 |
| 4807174173 | repetition | Repeated use of sounds, words, or ideas for effect and emphasis | | 21 |
| 4807175246 | simile | A comparison using "like" or "as" | | 22 |
| 4807175247 | syntax | Arrangement of words in phrases and sentences | | 23 |
| 4807175255 | tone | A writer's attitude toward his or her subject matter revealed through diction, figurative language, and organization on the sentence and global levels. | | 24 |
| 4807176406 | understatement | A figure of speech in which a writer or speaker says less than what he or she means; the opposite of exaggeration. | | 25 |
| 10456033417 | Narration | To tell a story about your subject, possibly to enlighten readers or to explain something to them | | 26 |
| 10456035038 | Description | To help readers understand your subject through evidence of their senses | | 27 |
| 10456036925 | Example | To explain your subject with instances that illustrate to readers its nature or character. | | 28 |
| 10456038705 | Comparison and Contrast | To explain or evaluate your subject by helping readers see the similarities and differences between it and another subject. | | 29 |
| 10456039896 | Process Analysis | To inform readers how to do something or how something works--how a sequence of actions leads to a particular result. | | 30 |
| 10456041799 | Division or Analysis | To explain a conclusion about your subject by showing readers the subject's parts or elements. | | 31 |
| 10456241049 | Classification | to help readers see order in your subject by understanding the kinds or groups it can be sorted into | | 32 |
| 10456242688 | Cause and effect | To tell readers the reasons for or consequences of your subject, explaining why or what if | | 33 |
| 10456243467 | Definition | To show readers the meaning of your subject- its boundaries and its distinctions from other subjects | | 34 |
