| CourseNotes

unit 2 ap vocab Flashcards

7274917777	renaissance	the cultural rebirth when there was a surge of interest in art and literature	0
7274930807	humanism	the study of classical antiquity	1
7274933940	secular	any movement in society directed away from other worldliness to life on earth. In the European Middle Ages there was a strong tendency for religious persons to despise human affairs and to meditate on God and the afterlife	2
7274933941	patrons	the protector of a dependent or client, often the former master of a freedman still retaining certain rights over him	3
7274950743	predestination	the doctrine that all events have been willed by God	4
7274955118	theocracy	a form of government in which a deity is the source from which all authority derives; based on religion	5
7274962799	indulgence	the remission of a temporal punishment brought by a sin	6
7278061690	vernacular	the everyday language of a region or country	7
7278070820	protestant	a member of a Christian church founded on the principles of the Reformation	8
7278073630	reformation	a 16th century movement for religious reform, leading to the founding of Christian churches that rejected the pope's authority	9
7278077422	Lorenzo de Medici	an Italian statesmen who served as the ruler of the Florentine Republic; the greatest patron of the Renaissance.	10
7278079799	Baldassare Castiglione	the count of Casatico and an Italian courtier, diplomat, soldier, and author during the Renaissance; author of the Book of the Courtier.	11
7278079800	Michaelangelo	an Italian sculptor, painter, architect, and poet of the High Renaissance born in the Republic of Florence, who exerted an unparalleled influence on the development of Western art	12
7278082516	Leonardo da Vinci	an famous Italian painter, sculptor, architect, inventor, engineer, and scientist; one of the greatest minds of the Renaissance; painted the famous Mona Lisa	13
7278083860	Francesco Petrarch	an Italian Renaissance poet and scholar; one of the first humanists; thought to have sparked the Renaissance by his rediscovery of Cisco's Letters	14
7278112355	Niccolo Machiavelli	an Italian politician, diplomat , historian, philosopher, humanist, and writer during the Renaissance; thought of as the father of political science	15
7278112356	William Shakespeare	the greatest writer in the English language; his works included the classic plays Macbeth, Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet, and Julius Caesar.	16
7278119943	Johann Gutenberg	a 15th century German printer who invented the moveable-printing press; introduced printing techniques that allowed for documents and texts to be produced more quickly	17
7278123053	Thomas More	a saint in the Roman Catholic Church; an English lawyer, social philosopher, and author, and statesman; a Renaissance humanist	18
7278123054	Peace of Augsburg	a treaty between Charles the Fifth and the Schmalkaldic League; a temporary settlement in the issue of the Reformation in the Holy Roman Empire that allowed princes to choose whether or not their subjects would follow Lutheran or Catholic teachings	19
7278125683	Edict of Worms	a decree issued in 1521 by Charles the Fifth that forbid support of Martin Luther	20
7278125684	Martin Luther	a German professor of philosophy, priest, and monk who was a leader in the Reformation movement against the Catholic Church	21
7278127664	John Knox	a Scottish writer, minister, and theologian who acted as a leader during the Reformation; the founder of the Presbyterian Church of Scotland	22
7278127663	John Calvin	a French theologian, pastor, and reformer during the Reformation; his beliefs are the basis of Calvinism.	23
7278129161	Anabaptist	a Protestant group that believed in baptizing only those persons who were old enough to decide to be a Christian and believed in the separation of church and state	24
7278129162	Catholic Reformation	movement in which the Roman Catholic church sought to make changes in response to the Protestant Reformation	25
7278131619	Council of Trent	a meeting of Roman Catholic leaders, called by Pope Paul III, to rule on doctrines criticized by Protestant reformers	26
7278131620	Jesuits	members of the Society of Jesus, a Roman Catholic religious order founded by Ignatius of Loyola.	27
7278138349	Henry VIII	the King of England from 1509 until his death; the second Tudor monarch of England; brought England into the Protestant Reformation	28

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Ap Flashcards

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7893335814	Allusion	A reference to another work of literature, person, or event	0
7893335815	sardonic	cynical; scornfully mocking	1
7893335816	dogmatic	rigidly fixed in opinion, opinionated	2
7893335817	pundit	a critic	3
7893335818	malarkey	nonsense, foolish talk	4

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AP English Rhetorical Devices Flashcards

Here are your terms! We will be studying these throughout the semester, so calm down after you see how many there are. :)

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4888850933	Abstract Language	describes ideas and qualities, rather than observable or specific things	0
4888850934	Ad Hominem	attack on one's opponent, rather than the opponent's argument	1
4888850935	Allegory	symbolic story that has a second meaning beneath the surface one	2
4888850936	Alliteration	repetition of initial consonant sounds in words	3
4888850937	Allusion	indirect reference to famous events or characters from history, literature, or mythology	4
4888850938	Ambiguity	event or situation that may be interpreted in more than one way; intentional vagueness	5
4888850939	Anachronism	placement of an event, person, thing out of its proper place in time	6
4888850940	Anaphora	repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of two or more sentences in a row	7
4888850941	Antithesis	juxtaposition of two contrasting ideas	8
4888850942	Ethos	appeals to the audience's sense of morals or principles	9
4888850943	Logos	appeals to the audience's sense of logic and reasoning	10
4888850944	Pathos	appeals to the audience's emotions	11
4888850945	Apostrophe	address to the dead as though they were living; to the inanimate as if animate; to the absent as if present	12
4888850946	Argumentation	exploring a problem by examining all sides of it; persuasion through reason	13
4888850947	Archetype	stereotype of literature	14
4888850948	Assonance	repetition of similar vowel sounds	15
4888850949	Assumption	when details are not stated but must be inferred by the reader	16
4888850950	Asyndeton	series of words separated by commas without conjunctions	17
4888850951	Balance	construction in which both halves of the sentence have the same length and importance	18
4888850952	Catharsis	cleansing release of unhealthy emotions	19
4888850953	Causal Relationship	one thing results from another	20
4888850954	Chiasmus	arrangement of repeated thoughts in the pattern XY-YX	21
4888850955	Cliche	expression so often used its freshness and originality have worn off	22
4888850956	Comic Relief	humor in the serious action of a tragedy; enriches the quality of the work	23
4888850957	Concrete Language	describes specific, observable things rather than ideas or qualities	24
4888850958	Connotation	emotions associated with a word	25
4888850959	Consonance	repetition of consonant sounds; not limited to the first letter of words	26
4888850960	Conventional	following traditional techniques of writing	27
4888850961	Cumulative	sentence that begins with the main idea and expands on that idea with a series of details	28
4888850962	Denotation	dictionary definition of a word	29
4888850963	Formal Diction	used in serious books and lofty discourse	30
4888850964	Informal Diction	found in relaxed but polite and cultivated conversation	31
4888850965	Colloquial Diction	everyday usage that may contain terms accepted in a group but not universally acceptable	32
4888850966	Slang	newly coined words that are not yet a part of formal usage	33
4888850967	Didactic	literature designed to teach or instruct	34
4888850968	Digression	temporary departure from the main subject in speaking or writing	35
4888850969	Elegy	formal poem lamenting the death of a particular person	36
4888850970	Elliptical	deliberate omission of words implied by context	37
4888850971	Empathy	reader understands closely what the character is feeling	38
4888850972	Enthymeme	syllogism (logical argument) in which the major premise is unstated but meant to be understood	39
4888850973	Epithet	adjective used to point out a characteristic of a person or thing	40
4888850974	Euphemism	mild word used to substitute an unpleasant or offensive word	41
4888850975	Foreshadowing	method used to build suspense by providing hints of what is to come	42
4888850976	Figurative Language	words that are inaccurate literally, but describe by calling to mind sensations or responses that the thing described evokes	43
4888850977	Freight Train	sentence consisting of three or more short independent clauses joined by conjunctions	44
4888850978	Generalization	basing a claim upon an isolated example or asserting that a claim is true rather than probable	45
4888850979	Genre	major category into which a literary work fits	46
4888850980	Grotesque	bizarre, incongruous, ugly, unnatural, or abnormal	47
4888850981	Hyperbole	overstatement or exaggeration of facts	48
4888850982	Idiom	use of words or grammatical construction peculiar to a given language, or an expression that cannot be translated literally into a second language	49
4888850983	Imagery	use of language to represent sense experience	50
4888850984	Auditory Imagery	use of language to represent an experience pertaining to sound	51
4888850985	Gustatory Imagery	use of language to represent an experience pertaining to taste	52
4888850986	Kinesthetic Imagery	use of language to represent an experience pertaining to the movement of muscles, tendons, or joints	53
4888850987	Olfactory Imagery	use of language to represent an experience pertaining to smell	54
4888850988	Tactile Imagery	use of language to represent an experience pertaining to touch	55
4888850989	Visual Imagery	use of language to represent an experience pertaining to sight	56
4888850990	Inversion	word order that places a modifier or verb before the subject	57
4888850991	Situational Irony	contrast between what is normally expected and what actually occurs	58
4888850992	Dramatic Irony	reader or audience knows more about the events of a story than the character in the story	59
4888850993	Verbal Irony	what is said is the opposite of what is meant	60
4888850994	Juxtaposition	placement of two things side by side for the purposes of examination	61
4888850995	Litote	understatement that purposefully represents something as much less significant as it is, achieving an ironic effect	62
4888850996	Loose Sentence	main clause comes first, followed by dependent grammatical units	63
4888850997	Metaphor	comparison without using "like" or "as"	64
4888850998	Metonymy	designation of one thing with something closely associated with it	65
4888850999	Mood	atmosphere or feeling created by a literary work	66
4888851000	Motif	frequently recurring character, incident, or concept in a work of literature	67
4888851001	Negative-Positive	sentence that begins by stating what is not true and then ending by stating what is true	68
4888851002	Onomatopoeia	word whose sound suggests its meaning	69
4888851003	Oxymoron	paradox that combines terms normally seen as opposites	70
4888851004	Parallelism	similarity of structure in a pair or series of related words, phrases, or clauses	71
4888851005	Paradox	statement that appears contradictory yet expresses a truth when viewed from another angle	72
4888851006	Parody	comic imitation of another work often for ridicule	73
4888851007	Pedantic	scholarly, academic writing that borders on lecturing	74
4888851008	Parenthesis	insertion of some verbal unit in a position that interrupts the normal flow of the sentence	75
4888851009	Periodic Sentence	main clause comes last, preceded by dependent grammatical units	76
4888851010	Polysyndeton	sentence that uses "and" or another conjunction (with no commas) to separate items in a series; X and Y and Z	77
4888851011	Personification	attribution of human qualities to inanimate objects or abstract concepts	78
4888851012	Pun	play on words that utilizes a word's multiple meanings	79
4888851013	Realism	faithful representation of reality to make a story more believable	80
4888851014	Red Herring	when an author raises an irrelevant issue to draw attention away from the real issue	81
4888851015	Rhetoric	art of effective communication, especially persuasive discourse	82
4888851016	Rhetorical Criticism	analyses the techniques employed in a literary work to impose the author's view on the reader	83
4888851017	Sarcasm	verbal irony that uses insincere praise to express bitter and caustic disapproval	84
4888851018	Satire	used to arouse laughter at targets such as people or groups to expose human folly	85
4888851019	Simile	comparison using "like" or "as"	86
4888851020	Stream of Consciousness	writing technique that uses frequent illogical and incoherent digressions to reproduce the raw flow of consciousness	87
4888851021	Structure	organization or arrangement of various elements in a work	88
4888851022	Narrative Structure	chronological organization used to convey a story	89
4888851023	Dramatic Structure	organization used in plays that consists of a series of scenes, each of which is presented in vivid detail	90
4888851024	Discursive Structure	organization used in an argument or essay	91
4888851025	Style	arrangement of words in a manner that expresses the author's individuality and his or her intent	92
4888851026	Rhetorical Question	question used to emphasize a point; no answer is expected	93
4888851027	Syllepsis	grammatical construction in which one word relates to two words in very different ways	94
4888851028	Syllogism	format of a formal argument that consists of a major premise, minor premise, and conclusion	95
4888851029	Symbol	character, object, or event in literature that represents something larger than itself	96
4888851030	Synecdoche	figure of speech in which a part of something is used to represent the whole	97
4888851031	Synesthesia	one sensory experience is described in terms of another sensory experience	98
4888851032	Syntax	manner in which words are joined to make phrases, clauses, and sentences	99
4888851033	Theme	main idea that the author expresses in a literary work	100
4888851034	Thesis	claim or proposition that a writer must strive to prove effectively and thoroughly	101
4888851035	Tone	attitude of the speaker of a work of literature expresses to the reader through language	102
4888851036	Voice	total "sound" or "feel" of a writer's style that is present behind characters, narrators, and personae of literature	103
4888851037	Wit	intellectual humor that suggests the speaker's verbal power in creating ingenious and perceptive remarks	104
4888851038	Zeugma	writer uses one word to govern several successive words or clauses	105

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AP Flashcards

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9893335473	remittance	money sent home by immigrants	0
9893347542	One advantage		1
9893355234	the agricultural revololution occured during which stage of the dtm	stage 1	2
9893365799	the number of farmers ina country fdivuded	agricultural density	3
9893372970	environmental pull facotr	moving to the sunbelt	4
9893381248	immigrants to europe and the middle east are primarily	guest workers	5
9893389972	the cbr at stage four of the dtm is	low	6
9893397738	subtracting the cbr fom the cdr gives us the	nir	7
9893407390	at which stage is japan in	5	8
9893419156	neo-malthusians believe	humans will ruin environment/resources	9
9893429702	which of the following countries have the highest physological density	somolia	10
9893438535	china recently adapted a law	2-child policy	11
9893447350	does not fit dtm	us	12
9893452054	which has low ag density	canada (more developed )	13
9893464133	primary population problem in sudan	overpopulation	14
9893471308	western european countires suchas denmark are in	5 of dtm	15
9893480190	ex of interregional mogration in us	rust belt to sun belt	16
9893486801	all regions sparsley populated except	temperate regions	17
9893494611	most densely populated	south asia	18
9893501815	thomas malthus	food population can not keep pace with population growth	19
9893509294	stage 2 of dtm	kenya	20
9893519426	which does not fit with others -internally displaced person -forced migratoom- pul factors	pull fasctores	21
9893529215	which stage is the op pyramid id it looks like a pyramid	2	22
9893535880	which demographic		23
9893541813	physiological density tells	how much food a country can grow	24
9893549679	stage 3 in dtm	argentina	25
9893562980	large populations are more easily supported in places that have	high carrying capacities	26
9893569844	at which stage of the dtm did the industrial revolution occur	2	27
9893578393	which country has enacted pro-natalist	japan	28
9893585044	refugees created through	forced migration	29
9893595340	primarty obstacle to immigration is	gov intervention	30
9893604135	which is a cultural pull factor	pilgrims seeking religious freedoms	31
9907435187	etrhnicity	belonging to a group thatbhas	32
9907444467	where are you most likrly to see the influence of popcukture	clothing	33
9907453687	when parts of 2+ langauges are combined and simplified vocab	pidgin	34
9907457766	where does englid		35
9907464331	cultural appropiration		36
9907472034	in ethnic religions believers are	born into faith	37
9907478585	commodification	an object not previously sold	38
9907484093	gender	culture's	39
9907490771	what is a pilgramiage	a muslim going to meca	40
9907497726	dialect	pronunciation, grammar and vocab variation	41
9907504472	sunni msulims	largets sect of islam	42
9907518409	least likely to mrrt a catholic	asia	43
9907523926	drive thru windows orginated in fast fi		44
9907546329	barrioization	an increase n hispanic pop of neighborhood	45
9907555855	identity	how we make sense of ourselves	46
9907560786	isogloss	boundary between languages	47
9907570601	not extinct language	hebrew	48
9907580202	not part of material culture	asthetics	49
9907585417	not langugae branhc	asiatic	50
9907594924	shiite muslims	concentrated in iran	51
9907610867	defined by edward relp as the		52
9908524580	the idea that moral		53
9918853103	intensive subsiteence	double cropping	54
9918857586	Es	food production will sustain population	55
9918862672	Australia uses subsitance	false	56
9918866198	deforestation anywhere can cause deorestation	false	57
9918869645	tragedy of the commons	fishing	58
9918882431	sustainable ag	crop rotation	59
9918887383	ag revolutions	neolation, second, green	60
9918888990	cash vs. staple crops	cash crop- profit staple crop-	61
9918898653	intensive vs. extensive		62
9918903460	which type of sgriculture is huge cause of deforestation	shifting cultivatioon	63
9918906833	truck farming	exchange of commodities	64
9918911073	developed countries get most of their food and nutrients from	developing countrie s	65
9918916682	rice farms	sawah	66
9918921117	intensive subsitence in china	terracing	67
9918925949	where did goat pig dog barely coem from	south west asia	68
9918929065	ag products	western to eastern	69
9918932554	milkshed	the are asurrounding a city from which milk is supplied	70
9918943749	what is the majot type of agriculture in sub saharn afric	pastoral nmadism	71
9918947299	truvk farming	commercial gardening	72
9918950960	developing population	primary activities	73
9918954612	food security	safe and healthy food	74
9918957647	majority of undernourished	africa	75
9918961612	alpaca llam swuahs maize	latin america	76
9918965977	mixed crop and livestock is	not subsitence	77
9918970488	ag globilization	increasing ffood prices, high environmental problems nt log term help	78
9943149218	lasted from the early 19th century and spread euro colonies	age of discovery	79
9943160955	study of the relationship between people, political iunits an teritory and various scales	political geography	80
9943168394	the oldest ancient politica system lkocated in	mesopotamia	81
9943176968	recognition of power by other countries	legitmacy	82
9943185783	the heartland theory is to the rimland theory as	land is to sea	83
9943197951	policy of extending a ountry influence ti area salready devoloped ina nd indegenous sc=ociety	imperialism	84
9943209793	geographers study the relationship between peopale and teriotory at all scales except	state	85

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APES - Climate Change #1 Flashcards

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5638675033	H2O	Most abundant greenhouse gas (mostly natural sources of this)	0
5638688369	CFC	Greenhouse gas (strongest in terms of ability to absorb infrared radiation) that also happens to cause ozone depletion.	1
5638693203	CO2	Most abundant greenhouse gas that comes from burning fossil fuels and aerobic decomposition.	2
5638700758	CH4	Greenhouse gas that is stronger than CO2 and comes from burning fossil fuels, leaking pipelines, fracking, cows, wetlands (due to anaerobic decomposition), and landfills (due to anaerobic decomposition)	3
5638735102	N2O	A greenhouse gas that is a natural part of the nitrogen cycle and is release from soil and water through denitrification. Also, increase in air with modern farming.	4
5647063925	O3	A greenhouse gas that isn't often discussed but it is also the biggest part of photochemical smog in the troposphere. If present in the stratosphere it is "good up high" to protect us from dangerous UV radiation.	5
5647077566	Kyoto Treaty (1997)	A legally binding international treaty where countries agreed to decrease their carbon emission to 5% below 1980 levels by 2012. The U.S. did not ratify mainly b/c China wasn't forced to make cuts.	6
5647084584	Paris Climate Agreement (2015)	A pledge by over 150 countries to significantly decrease their carbon emissions by 2030. (U.S. is the only one that refuses to	7
5647109370	Montreal Protocol	A very successful international treaty that phased out then banned CFC's and other ozone-depleting chemicals in order to restore the ozone layer.	8
5647178726	Oxygen isotopes in ice cores from near the poles.	What scientists examine in order to estimate the temperature in the last 400,000 years.	9
5647196233	2 degrees C (3.6 degrees F) increase	The amount of warming (over pre-Industrial average) that scientists think we need to stay below.	10
5647207068	Up to 6 degrees C (11 degrees F) increase	The amount of warming scientists say we may produce by 2100 if we don't make significant cuts in greenhouse gas emissions.	11
5647243933	Positive feedback	The type of feedback involved when warming causes more rapid decomposition which releases more CO2 and CH4 causing more warming. Or warming causes more water evaporation then H2O causes more warming.	12
5647252651	Negative feedback	The type of feedback involved when warming causes H2O evaporation creating more white clouds. These act to reflect sunlight back into space (increase in albedo) creating a cooling effect.	13
8327566343	Milankovitch Cycles	The likely cause of the dramatic change between glacial and interglacial periods over the last 800,000 years or so.	14
8327597722	Ocean acidification	Increasing carbon in the ocean has resulted in a decrease in the ability to make calcium carbonate shells for many marine organisms. This growing problem could have dramatic impacts on the ocean food web. (not related to acid rain)	15
8327623233	Likely impacts of climate change	Increase in droughts in some areas leading to increased chance of wildfires, increased rainfall in others (more H2O in air). Increase in deadly heat waves in some places. Increase in insects that carry disease (winters no longer kill off most), increase in storm intensity, coral bleaching with warmer ocean water, sea level rise will displace wildlife and humans and have a large economic impact. Slow down of ocean currents could cause parts of Europe to cool.	16

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Ap Flashcards

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7906912988	Government Corp	Buisinesses established by Congress to perform functions that private businesses could provide.	0
7906937718	Independent Regulatory Commission	An entity created by congress outside a major executive department that regulates specific interest or economic activity.	1
7906956351	Independent executive agencies	Gov units that closely resemble a cabinet department but have narrow areas of responsibility and perform services rather than regulatory functions	2
7906970196	Cabinet Departments	Major administrative units with responsibility for a broad area of gov operations.	3
7906987557	Hatch Act	1939 act to prohibit civil servants from taking activists roles in partisan campaigns. Prohibited fed employees from making political contributions.	4
7907030243	Pendleton Act	Reform measure that established the principle of federal employment on the basis of open competitive exams	5
7907050579	Merit System	System of employment based on qualifications, tests, and abilities.	6
7907061949	Spoils System	Firing of public office holders of a defeated political party to replace them with loyalists of a new party.	7

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AP Flashcards

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7912817097	Igbo	West African civilization that was extremely undeveloped in politics but fostered trade	0
7912817098	Iroquois	Native Americans found living in the present-day northeastern United States. Miss Rice is an expert on this society.	1
7912817099	Fulbe	Pastoralists who originally lived in Senegal, but moved east and developed Islam, basis of strict Islam. Stateless.	2
7912817100	Ming Dynasty	the imperial dynasty of China from 1368 to 1644 fought the Yuan and won, Confucianism, nationalism	3
7912817101	Zheng He	Chinese explorer who led large maritime expeditions on junks. Aware of the America's, burned his ships.	4
7912817102	Malacca	Flourishing trading city in Malaya; established a trading empire after the fall of Shrivijaya. Grew more during the 1400s.	5
7912817103	Quipus	A system of knotted cords of different sizes and colors used by the Incas for keeping records	6
7912817104	Tenochitlan	Aztec capital city (now the site of Mexico City) Aztec legend on eagle eating snake.. Chinampas developed.	7
7912817105	Pochteca	Special merchant class in Aztec society; specialized in long-distance trade in luxury items	8
7912817106	gender parallelism	separate but equal, women do certain work, men do certain work	9
7912961880	Sundiata	Founder of Mali, promoted peace and trade. Was Muslim and enforced Shari'a. Replaced Ghana	10
7912984844	Bantu	Gradual migration from West Africa to southern and eastern Africa. Spread agriculture and metallurgy, and basis of many african languages.	11
7913057558	Kongo	Powerful congolese kingdom. Dominated most of the Congo and Angola. Wealth based on trade of raffia, copper, and shells.	12
7913086740	Koumbei	Capital of Ghana. Islam, major player in conversion. Traded gold and ivory. Had 15,000-20,000 inhabitants	13
7913144718	Timbuktu	Camel caravan center. Trade center of Mali and Songhay. Center of Islamic study, 180 universities teaching the Qur'an.	14
7913184511	Mansa Musa	Grand nephew of Sundiata. Ruled Mali during its Hegemony. Built mosques and schools. Known for his extreme generosity along the hajj to Mecca	15
7913214055	Swahili	Means "coasters", traders along the east coast (Mogadishu to Sofala). Also refers to Bantu language. Exported gold, slaves, and ivory.	16
7913241883	Kilwa	East african city-state holding stone buildings and mosques. Held 12,000 at its height (1300-1505). Exported ivory, gold, and slaves.	17
7913268526	Great Zimbabwe	south-central city state that garnered wealth from trade with east africa. Stone walls.	18
7913292079	Ibn Battuta	Islamic scholar and explorer who journeyed throughout africa, europe, and asia. Wrote best account on africa. Best record on Dar-al-Islam	19
7913313315	Ghana	Kingdom in West africa, hegemony, Islam, Gold, Predecessor to Mali	20
7913326919	Mali	Kingdom in west africa, Larger trade than Ghana, capital at Niani. mansa musa controlled Mali, Mauritania, Senegal, Gambia, Guinea, and Sierra Leone.	21

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AP Vocabulary Lesson 17 Flashcards

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4743073754	Prognosticate	Predict, foretell, forecast. "Market analysts must prognosticate economic fluctuations accurately in order to advise investors".	0
4743075417	Maraud	Travel about in search of plunder, raid, pillage. "Medieval towns were walled and guarded to protect inhabitants from marauding bandits".	1
4743076432	Upbraid	Scold, charge with something disgraceful, reproach. "The husband upbraided the wife for her extravagances".	2
4743077419	Appraise	Set a value on, estimate the worth of. "The price at which authorities appraise a building determines its taxes".	3
4743078387	Apprise	Give notice to, inform. "The soldier was captured because none could apprise him of the enemy's advance".	4
4743079728	Stigmatize	Brand, mark as a criminal or disgraceful. "His odd appearance and secretive manner stigmatized him as weird; his classmates regarded him with suspicion". Originally, a "stigma" was a cut or brand on the skin to identify a criminal or slave.	5
4743082091	Explicate	Explain the meaning of, interpret. "The French teacher explicated the grammar of the more difficult passages".	6
4743083495	Parlay	Use one asset to gain more, exploit an advantage for further gain. "The merchant parlayed a small neighborhood business into a citywide chain of retail stores".	7
4743085883	Parley	Confer, speak, especially with an enemy for the purpose of settling a dispute or reaching an agreement. "Both sides agreed to a truce in order to parley for the exchange of prisoners".	8
4743088521	Wheedle	Nag, plead with, or coax in a flattering way. "With soft words the girl wheedled permission fro her reluctant guardian".	9
4743089903	Renege	Go back on a promise or agreement. "Their assurances of good faith were hollow; they reneged on the agreement almost at once".	10
4743090662	Desecrate	Defile a holy place, make unsanctified, profane. "They desecrated the church by seizing the man who had taken refuge there".	11

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AP Flashcards

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7914059345	Habit vs custom	Self vs society	0
7914059346	pop culture	modern popular culture transmitted via mass media and aimed particularly at younger people	1
7914059347	Folk Culture	traditionally practiced primarily by small, homogeneous groups living in isolated rural areas	2
7914059348	cultural diffusion	The spread of ideas, customs, and technologies from one people to another	3
7914059349	material culture	the physical things created by members of a society	4
7914059350	non material culture	the beliefs, practices, aesthetics, and values , of a group of people	5
7914059351	Taboos	A restriction on behavior imposed by a social custom.	6
7914059352	Social media	Electronic media that allows people with similar interests to participate in a social network	7
7914059353	cultural landscape	the visible imprint of human activity and culture on the landscape	8
7914059354	Symbols	Terms, concepts, or items that represent specific meanings by accepted convention.	9
7914059355	cultural syncretism	The blending of elements of cultures; also refered to as hybridization or acculturation.	10
7914059356	built environment	part of the physical landscape that represents material culture; the landscape created by humans	11
7914059357	Postmodern	A view that social and cultural reality, as well as social science itself, is a human construction.	12
7914059358	green energy	renewable energy	13
7914059359	commercial buildings	A building or land intending to be used to commercialize	14
7914059360	relocation diffusion	the spread of an idea through physical movement of people from one place to another	15
7914059361	folklore	The traditional beliefs, myths, tales, and practices of a people, transmitted orally.	16
7914059362	Enclaves	Small territories located inside a larger country	17
7914059363	sequent occupance	cultural succession and its lasting imprint	18
7914059364	cultural globalization	worldwide spread of similar norms, values, and practices	19
7914059365	Cultural adaptation	the complex strategies human groups employ to live successfully as part of a natural system.	20
7914059366	Assimilation	Interpreting our new experiences in terms of our existing schemas	21
7914059367	Acculturation (n)	The adoption of behaviors from a surrounding society	22

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AP Human Geography: Migration Flashcards

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5125515116	Activity Space	The space within which daily life occurs.	0
5125222492	Asylum Seeker	Someone who has migrated to another country in the hope of being recognized as a refugee.	1
5125230210	Brain Drain	Large scale emigration by talented people.	2
5125237342	Chain Migration	Migration of people to a specific location because relatives or members of the same nationality previously migrated there.	3
5125247155	Circular Migration	The temporary movement of a migrant worker between home and host countries to seek employment.	4
5125255914	Circulation	Short-term, repetitive, or cyclical movements that recur on a regular basis.	5
5125277208	Counterurbanization	Net migration from urban to rural areas in more developed countries.	6
5129621877	Diaspora	The exile of an ethnic or racial group from their homeland. (Jews and Israel)	7
5125281291	Desertification	Degradation of land, especially in semiarid areas, primarily because of human actions like excessive crop planting, animal grazing, and tree cutting. Also known as semiarid land degradation.	8
5125289784	Emigration	Migration from a location	9
5125292173	Floodplain	An area subject to flooding during a given number of years according to historical trends.	10
5125295574	Forced Migration	Permanent movement, compelled by cultural or environmental factors.	11
5125302746	Guest Worker	Workers who migrate to the more developed countries of Northern and Western Europe, usually from Southern and Eastern Europe or from North Africa, in search of higher-paying jobs.	12
5125310819	Immigration	Migration to a new location.	13
5125356042	Internal Migration	Permanent movement within a particular country.	14
5125366311	Internally Displaced Person (IDP)	Someone who has been forced to migrate for similar political reasons as a refugee but has not migrated across an international border.	15
5125372356	International Migration	Permanent movement from one country to another.	16
5125375527	Interregional Migration	Permanent movement from one region of a country to another.	17
5125378993	Intervening Obstacle	An environmental or cultural feature of the landscape that hinders migration.	18
5125472440	Intervening Opportunity	The presence of a nearer opportunity that greatly diminishes the attractiveness of sites farther away.	19
5125384054	Intraregional Migration	Permanent movement within one region of a country.	20
5125387141	Migration	A form of relocation diffusion that involves a permanent move to a new location.	21
5125396118	Migration Transition	A change in the migration pattern in a society that results from industrialization, population growth, and other social and economic changes that also produce the demographic transition.	22
5125483541	Migration Selectivity	The tendency for certain types of people (influenced by age, education and familiar ties) to move.	23
5125477265	Migration Stream	A constant flow of migrants from the same origin to the same destination.	24
5125399280	Mobility	All types of movements between locations.	25
5125411104	Net Migration	The difference between the level of immigration and the level of emigration.	26
5129641859	Periodic Movement	Motion that recurs over and over and the period of time required for each recurrence remains the same.	27
5125413222	Pull Factor	A factor that induces people to move to a new location.	28
5125417563	Push Factor	A factor that induces people to move out of their present location.	29
5125426412	Quota	In reference to migration, a law that places maximum limits on the number of people who can immigrate to a country each year.	30
5125493620	Ravenstein's Laws	The majority of migrants move short distances. Migrants who move longer distances tend to choose big city destinations. Urban residents are less migratory than people in rural areas. Families are less likely to make international moves than young adults	31
5125432890	Refugee	Someone who is forced to migrate from their his or her home country and cannot return for fear of persecution because of his or her race, religion, nationality, membership in a social group, or political opinion.	32
5125445377	Remittance	Transfer of money by workers to people in the country from which they emigrated.	33
5125489281	Step Migration	Migration to a distant destination that occurs in stages, for example, from farm to nearby village and later to a town and city	34
5125502140	Time-contract Workers	A worker who comes to work in a foreign country for a fixed period of time.	35
5125511018	Transhumance	The seasonal migration of livestock between mountains and lowland pastures.	36
5125456107	Unauthorized Immigrant	A person who enters a country without proper documents to do so.	37
5125461325	Voluntary Migration	Permanent movement undertaken by choice.	38
5125552413	U.S. Internal Migration Pattern		39

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