AP Notes, Outlines, Study Guides, Vocabulary, Practice Exams and more!

AP World History Greece Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
3303503277Where was the minoan civilization located?island of crete0
3303514878Who were the first people to speak Greek?Mycenae1
3303525259What tools did the Greeks use instead of Bronze?Iron2
3303527778What alphabet did they adopt?The phonecian3
3303532088What did homer write?epic poems about heroism4
3303535633What are some examples of homer's writings?Odyssey and Iliad5
3303543016What is a polis?a greek city state6
3303547176What is an agora?an open aired market place7
3303554427What are hoplites?heavily armed foot soldiers8
3303562684What was the patron god of Sparta?Ares9
3303565078Who were the helots?the captured people of sparta10
3303571617When was a boy in sparta taken to start military training?711
3303575074When were spartan men able to retire?6012
3303578788What type of government did Sparta have?oligarchy13
3303581833what is an oligarchyrule by a small group14
3303587815What was the world's first democracy?Athens15
3303592391Who came up with athen's first code of law?Draco16
3303595787Who cancelled debt slavery?Solon17
3303600277who gave land to the poor?pisistratus18
3303603863Who created a council of 500 men?cleithenes19
3303610262Who was the first king of Persia?Darius20
3303615513Who was the head of the Delian league?athens21
3303617662What was the Delian League?the league which forced the persian empire out of greece22
3303635397What were the two main exports of Greece?Olives and Grapes23
3303641104Who gave birth to creation?mother earth and ouranos24
3303651435What was the first children of mother earth and ouranos?cyclops25
3303655636Who came before the gods of olympus?Children of creation26
3303657436who were the children of creation led by?chronos (father time)27
3303665275who was the ruling titan?cronos28
3303667916Who revolted against cronos?zeus29
3303671026who is rhea?wife of cronos30
3303674535who is oceans parents?cronos and rhea31
3303680707who was a leader in the war against the gods of olympus?atlas32
3303682526what was atlas's punishment?to hold up the world forever33
3303686515what did Prometheus give mankind?fire34
3303690531who rescued prometheus/hercules35
3303694627who is the god of sky and thunder?zeus36
3303696091who is the king of olympuszeus37
3303699236what is the roman name for zeusjupiter38
3303699237who was zeus married tohera39
3303703495what was posiden the god of?water and horses40
3303712628what is the roman name for posidenneptune41
3303715984who is the god of the deadhades42
3303719250who is hades the brother ofzeus and posiden43
3303723574what is hestia the goddess of?the hearth fire44
3303728252who is goddess of childbirth and marriage?hera45
3303731149who is hera the wife and older sister ofzeus46
3303735092who is the god of savage war and bloodlust?ares47
3303736888who is ares parents?zeus and hera48
3303746780what was athena the goddess of?wisdom49
3303751245what was apollo the god ofarcher, healing and medicine50
3303756389what is aphrodite the goddess oflove and lust51
3303760498what is dionysus the god ofwine and fertility52
3303765859who is the messenger between the gods and the humanshermes53
3303769417who was the twin sister of apolloartemis54
3303770924what was artemis the god ofvirgin goddess of the hunt and the wild55
3303778318what is Hephaestus the god oftechnology56
3303783349what was demeter the goddess ofgrain and agriculture57
3303786447what is persephone the goddess ofthe underworld after hades abducted her58
3303788837who is dermeters daughterpersephone59
3303795437who was the first womanpandora60
3303803535what was the traditional home of the greek godsmt olympus61
3304286712what were the 2 types of greek playscomedy and tragedy62
3304292523what method of philosophy did socrates usethe socratic method of asking questions63
3304295778who created the "acadmey"plato64
3304297835what did plato emphasizethe importance of reason65
3304302554what did plato writethe republic66
3304305865who was aristotles teacherplato67
3304308140what was the name of the school aristotle createdlyceum68
3304311948who is the father of historyherodutus69
3304317721what did phidias startthe idealized style of sculpture70
3304323163who is the father of geometryeuclid71
3304327115who is the father of medicinehippocrates72
3391796478where was the Parthenon built?the acropolis in Athens73
3391801924who ran the peloponnesian league?sparta74
3391804723what was the Athenian economy based onagriculture and trade75
3391810565who wrote Oedipus rexSophocles76
3391811630who was the father of comedyaristophanes77
3391813006what is a philosophyan organized theory of thought78
3391814064who are sophistsa group of travelling teachers79
3391821885who developed the Pythagorean theoremPythagoras80
3391824849who created the formulas for the areas of different figuresarchimedes81
3391826928where is Macedoniato the north of greece82
3391842210who was the father of Alexander the GreatPhilip II83
3391845708what is the Hellenistic culturethe combination of greek, persian, egyptian and indus cultures84
3391850508who came up with the system of latitude and longitudeEratosthenes85
3391852527who created the eat drink and be merry philosophyepicurus86
3391854530who founded stoicismzeno87
3391855209what is stoicismthe teachings of self control, fortitude, and detachment from distracting emotions88

World History AP Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
7055220114AbateBecome less or lower in amount or force then at a prior time.0
7055221079AbsolutismThe acceptance of or belief in absolute principles in political, philosophical, ethical, or theological matters.1
7055222057AdjacentNext to or adjoining something else.2
7055223178AgrarianRelating to cultivated land or the cultivation of.3
7055223755AgricultureFarming is the and breeding of animals, plants, and fungi for food, fiber, biofuel, medicinal plants and other products used to sustain and enhance human life.4
7055224709AnthropomorphicDescribed or thought of as having a human form or human attributes.5
7055225233AristocracyThe highest class in certain societies, especially those holding hereditary titles or offices.6
7055226649AvariceExtreme greed for wealth or material gain.7
7055231936BiasPrejudice in favor of or against one thing, person, or group compared with another usually considered to be unfair.8
7055235096BuddhismAn Indian religion; practice more than that.9
7055236408BureaucracyA system of government in which most of the important decisions are made by state officials rather than by elected representatives.10
7055238591CapitalThe most important city or town of a country or region, usually its seat of government and administrative center.11
7055239455CapitalismAn economic and political system in which a country's trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by the state.12
7055240365CapitulateCease to resist an opponent or an unwelcome demand; surrender.13
7055241077CentralizedConcentrate (control of an activity or organization) under a single authority.14
7055243739CharlatanA person falsely claiming to have a special knowledge or skill; a fraud.15
7055246644ChattelA personal possession.16
7055248961Chiefdoma form of hierarchical political organization in non-industrial societies usually based on kinship, and in which formal leadership is monopolized by the legitimate senior members of select families or 'houses'. These elites form a political-ideological aristocracy relative to the general group.17
7055253941ChristianityThe religion based on the person and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth, or its beliefs and practices.18
7055254767City-StateA city that with its surrounding territory forms an independent state.19
7055255374CivilizationThe stage of human social development and organization that is considered most advanced.20
7055255375ClergyThe body of all people ordained for religious duties, especially in the Christian Church.21
7055258522CoercePersuade (an unwilling person) to do something by using force or threats.22
7055260648ColonialismThe policy or practice of acquiring full or partial political control over another country, occupying it with settlers, and exploiting it economically.23
7055261320ColonyA country or area under the full or partial political control of another country, typically a distant one, and occupied by settlers from that country.24
7055261782CommunismA political theory derived from Karl Marx, advocating class war and leading to a society in which all property is publicly owned and each person works and is paid according to their abilities and needs.25
7055276915ConfucianismA system of philosophical and ethical teachings founded by Confucius and developed by Mencius.26
7055277332CopiousAbundant in supply or quantity.27
7055277345CultureThe arts and other manifestations of human intellectual achievement regarded collectively.28
7055278799DaoismA Chinese philosophy based on the writings of Lao-tzu ( fl. 6th century BC), advocating humility and religious piety.29
7055280131DeforestationThe action of clearing a wide area of trees.30
7055280752DemographyThe study of statistics such as births, deaths, income, or the incidence of disease, which illustrate the changing structure of human populations.31
7055281402Deriveobtain something from (a specified source).32
7055283299DiasporaJews living outside Israel.33
7055283364Divineof, from, or like God or a god34
7055284218DynastyA line of hereditary rulers of a country35
7055284219Economicof or relating to economics or the economy36
7055285339EdictAn official order or proclamation issued by a person in authority.37
7055286385Egalitarianof, relating to, or believing in the principle that all people are equal and deserve equal rights and opportunities38
7055287534Empirean extensive group of states or countries under a single supreme authority, formerly especially an emperor or empress39
7055287535Encroachintrude on (a person's territory or a thing considered to be a right):40
7055288442Epidemica widespread occurrence of an infectious disease in a community at a particular time41
7055289193Equitablefair and impartial42
7055291825Ethnocentrismevaluation of other cultures according to preconceptions originating in the standards and customs of one's own culture.43
7055291826Feudalismthe dominant social system in medieval Europe, in which the nobility held lands from the Crown in exchange for military service, and vassals were in turn tenants of the nobles, while the peasants (villeins or serfs) were obliged to live on their lord's land and give him homage, labor, and a share of the produce, notionally in exchange for military protection.44
7055292748Forage(of a person or animal) search widely for food or provisions45
7055293641Fundamentalforming a necessary base or core; of central importance46
7055293642Genocidethe deliberate killing of a large group of people, especially those of a particular ethnic group or nation.47
7055294546Globalizationdevelop or be developed so as to make possible international influence or operation48
7055295879Hegemonyleadership or dominance, especially by one country or social group over others49
7055296784Hierarchya system or organization in which people or groups are ranked one above the other according to status or authority.50
7055299083Hinduisma major religious and cultural tradition of South Asia, developed from Vedic religion.51
7055299523Ideologya system of ideas and ideals, especially one that forms the basis of economic or political theory and policy52
7055300125Imperialisma policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force53
7055302660Incursionan invasion or attack, especially a sudden or brief one54
7055303513Indentured Servantan immigrant to North America between the 17th and 19th centuries who contracted to work for an employer for a number of years in exchange for passage and accommodation55
7055304221Indignantfeeling or showing anger or annoyance at what is perceived as unfair treatment56
7055305571Industrialof, relating to, or characterized by industry57
7055306026Inflationthe action of inflating something or the condition of being inflated58
7055307684Institutiona society or organization founded for a religious, educational, social, or similar purpose59
7055308722Intermediarya person who acts as a link between people in order to try to bring about an agreement or reconciliation; a mediator60
7055311545Judaismthe monotheistic religion of the Jews. the Jews collectively.61
7055311594Lambastcriticize (someone or something) harshly62
7055312754Legitimateconforming to the law or to rules63
7055313314Malfeasancewrongdoing, especially by a public official.64
7055313911Manufacturethe making of articles on a large scale using machinery65
7055314492Maritimeconnected with the sea, especially in relation to seafaring commercial or military activity66
7055315041Matriarchya system of society or government ruled by a woman or women. a form of social organization in which descent and relationship are reckoned through the female line. the state of being an older, powerful woman in a family or group67
7055315519Medievalof or relating to the Middle Ages68
7055316592Merchanta person or company involved in wholesale trade, especially one dealing with foreign countries or supplying merchandise to a particular trade69
7055317187Monarchya form of government with a monarch at the head. a state that has a monarch. (the monarchy) the monarch and royal family of a country70
7055317782Monotheismthe doctrine or belief that there is only one God.71
7055321907Munificencethe quality or action of being lavishly generous; great generosity72
7055323188Myriada countless or extremely great number73
7055323874Nationa large aggregate of people united by common descent, history, culture, or language, inhabiting a particular country or territory74
7055325410Negligibleso small or unimportant as to be not worth considering; insignificant75
7055326179Neolithicof, relating to, or denoting the later part of the Stone Age, when ground or polished stone weapons and implements prevailed. (the Neolithic) the Neolithic period. Also called New Stone Age.76
7055326500Nobilitythe quality of being noble in character, mind, birth, or rank.77
7055327331Nomad (-ic)a member of a people having no permanent abode, and who travel from place to place to find fresh pasture for their livestock78
7055328163Pagana person holding religious beliefs other than those of the main world religions.79
7055328164Pandemic(of a disease) prevalent over a whole country or the world.80
7055333846Papacythe office or authority of the pope. the tenure of office of a pope81
7055334799Paritythe state or condition of being equal, especially regarding status or pay82
7055335912Pastoral(especially of land or a farm) used for or related to the keeping or grazing of sheep or cattle83
7055337140Patriarchya system of society or government in which the father or eldest male is head of the family and descent is traced through the male line. a system of society or government in which men hold the power and women are largely excluded from it. a society or community organized on patriarchal lines.84
7055337997Periodizationdivide (a portion of time) into periods.85
7055338372Placatemake (someone) less angry or hostile86
7055339020Plethoraa large or excessive amount of (something):87
7055339479Polytheismthe belief in or worship of more than one god.88
7055341993Prehistoricof, relating to, or denoting the period before written records89
7055342897Prevalentwidespread in a particular area at a particular time90
7055343683Primary Sourceoriginal source or evidence) is an artifact, a document, a recording, or other source of information that was created at the time under study. It serves as an original source of information about the topic.91
7055346399Prolific(of a plant, animal, or person) producing much fruit or foliage or many offspring92
7055348652Protestanta member or follower of any of the Western Christian churches that are separate from the Roman Catholic Church and follow the principles of the Reformation, including the Baptist, Presbyterian, and Lutheran churches.93
7055349540Prowessskill or expertise in a particular activity or field94
7055349541Rationalbased on or in accordance with reason or logic95
7055350214Reformmake changes in (something, typically a social, political, or economic institution or practice) in order to improve it:96
7055351377Regimea government, especially an authoritarian one.97
7055351378Revolutiona forcible overthrow of a government or social order in favor of a new system.98
7055352551Ruralin, relating to, or characteristic of the countryside rather than the town:99
7055352552Scribea person who copies out documents, especially one employed to do this before printing was invented.100
7055361347Secondary Sourceis a document or commentary that quotes or references a primary source, without first-hand knowledge of the activity or event. A secondary source is a source other than the main source that is used to gather information.101
7055361348Seculardenoting attitudes, activities, or other things that have no religious or spiritual basis: Contrasted with102
7055361828Serfan agricultural laborer bound under the feudal system to work on his lord's estate.103
7055361829Shamana person regarded as having access to, and influence in, the world of good and evil spirits, especially among some peoples of northern Asia and North America. Typically such people enter a trance state during a ritual, and practice divination and healing.104
7055363073Slavea person who is the legal property of another and is forced to obey them.105
7055363216StateA nation or territory considered as an organized political community under one government106
7055363895StratifiedForm or arrange into strata107
7055364769SubjectiveBased on or influenced by personal feelings, tastes, or opinions.108
7055365917SubjugateBring under domination or control, especially by conquest.109
7055365918SurplusAn amount of something left over when requirements have been met; an excess of production or supply over demand.110
7055368722SyncreticA union or attempted fusion of different religious, cultures, or philosophies- like Halloween, which has both Christian and pagan roots, or the combination of Aristotelian philosophy with the belief system of the early punk rock practitioners.111
7055368723TextileUsed by nudists to describe something relating to or restricted to people wearing clothes112
7055370602TheocracyA system of government in which priests rule in the name of God or a god.113
7055371940TumultuousMaking a loud, confuse noise, uproarious114
7055373085UbiquitousPresent, appearing, or found everywhere115
7055373086UrbanIn, relating to, or characteristics of a city or town116
7055414788great respect; reverence117
7055376741Xenophobichaving or showing a dislike of or prejudice against people from other countries.118

AP World History Terms Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
5336513927BrutusA supporter of the republic who believes strongly in a government guided by the votes of senators. While Brutus loves Caesar as a friend, he opposes the ascension of any single man to the position of dictator, and he fears that Caesar aspires to such power. Brutus's inflexible sense of honor makes it easy for Caesar's enemies to manipulate him into believing that Caesar must die in order to preserve the republic. While the other conspirators act out of envy and rivalry, only Brutus truly believes that Caesar's death will benefit Rome. Unlike Caesar, Brutus is able to separate completely his public life from his private life; by giving priority to matters of state, he epitomizes Roman virtue. Torn between his loyalty to Caesar and his allegiance to the state, Brutus becomes the tragic hero of the play.0
5336526680Galen(129-c. 199) Greek surgeon of the Roman Empire, he described heart valves and studied arteries and veins.1
5336532773HannibalCarthaginian military commander who, in the Second Punic War, attempted a surprise attack on Rome, crossing the Alps with a large group of soldiers, horses, and elephants.2
5336537792Julius Caesar100-44 BC. Roman general who ended Roman Republic. Conquered Gaul with his powerful army. Made himself Roman dictator in 46 BC. Assassinated by Brutus and others in 44 BC because he was too powerful.3
5336545598Marc Anthony- a Roman politician and general who played a critical role in the transformation of the Roman Republic from an oligarchy into the autocratic Roman Empire4
5336557767Octavian AugustusThe adopted soon of Caesar who was in the second triumvirate (rule of three men) and ruled the west side of Rome and eventually took complete control of Rome. He created a new political order "Principate" which became very successful and earned him the title given to him in 27 BC by the Senate, Augustus meaning the revered one5
5336596840Ptolemy(100?-170 CE) Greek astronomer, mathematician, and geographer. His geocentric model of the universe lasted until the 16th century.6
5336606575Scipio AfricanusRoman general who commanded the invasion of Carthage in the second Punic War and defeated Hannibal at Zama (circa 237-183 BC)7
5336608923SpartacusA Roman gladiator who led the most serious slave revolt in Roman history from 73 to 71 B.C.E.).8
5336612153TacitusA Roman historian who presented the facts accurately. He wrote about the good and the bad of imperial Rome in his Annals and Histories.9
5336987888Tarquin the Proud7th Etruscan king, last king of Rome, a harsh tyrant driven from power in 509 B.C.10
5336991351AlaricGermanic chief who invaded Rome in 410 A.D. And burned records and looted treasury11
5336996262Attilaleader of the Huns who put pressure on the Roman Empire's borders during the 5th century12
5336998081Augustine(Roman Catholic Church) Early Christian church father and philosopher who served (396-430) as bishop of Hippo (Present day Algeria)13
5337008019Constantine(274 CE - 337 CE) Roman Emperor between 306 CE and 337 CE. He issued the Edict of Milan which outlawed the persecution of Christians. He also founded the city of Constantinople, the future capital of the Byzantine Empire.14
5337010339Diocletian(245-313) Emperor of Rome who was responsible for dividing Rome into different provinces and districts. Eventually, the eastern portions of the Empire became known as the Byzantine Empire.15
5337010340JesusA Jew from Galilee in northern Israel who sought to reform Jewish beliefs and practices. He was executed as a revolutionary by the Romans. Hailed as the Messiah and son of God by his followers, he became the central figure in Christianity, a belief system that developed in the centuries after his death16
5337015295JustinianByzantine emperor in the 6th century A.D. who reconquered much of the territory previously ruler by Rome, initiated an ambitious building program , including Hagia Sofia, as well as a new legal code17
5337020936LivyRoman historian whose history of Rome filled 142 volumes (of which only 35 survive) including the earliest history of the war with Hannibal (59 BC to AD 17)18
5337020937OdoacerGermanic barbarian leader who ended the western Roman Empire in 476 and became the first barbarian ruler of Italy (434-493)19
5337022861PaulA Jew from the Greek city of Tarsus in Anatolia, he initially persecuted the followers of Jesus but, after receiving a revelation on the road to Syrian Damascus, became a Christian. Taking advantage of his Hellenized background and Roman citizenship, he traveled throughout Syria-Palestine, Anatolia, and Greece, preaching the new religion and establishing churches. Finding his greatest success among pagans ("gentiles"), he began the process by which Christianity separated from Judaism.20
5337027702PeterA.D. 5-67 One of the 12 apostles of Jesus; Roman Catholics consider him to be the first pope, bishop of Rome21
5337033555Pontius PilateA Roman procurator who played a key role in Jesus' trial and execution22
5337037643Theodosius(346? CE - 395 CE) Emperor of the Roman Empire who is responsible for making the Christian religion the official religion of the empire.23
5337042984VirgilA Roman poet who spent ten years writing his masterpiece, the Aeneid, the epic of the legendary Aeneas. Modeled the Aeneid, written in praise of Rome and Roman virtues, after the Greek epics of Homer.24
5337048098Barbariansuncivilized primitive people; people living outside Greece or Rome in the days of the Roman Empire25
5337051899BishopOne who has received the fullness of the Sacrament of Holy Orders, which makes him a member of the episcopal college and a successor of the Apostles. He is the shepherd of a particular church entrusted to him.26
5337058385Estruscansfirst people to control Rome, originally from Etruri The Romans successfully revolted against this civilization in 509 B.C.E. and formed a democratic government as a result.27
5337067850LatinsAn ancient people living in the region of Latium, Italy, who believed that they descended from Latinus, the father-in-law of Aeneas28
5337071385MartyrsA Greek word that means "witness," referring to those who were put to death because of their religious beliefs.29
5337074660Messiah"God's chosen (anointed) one" - the awaited king of the Jews; this term is derived from the Hebrew language30
5337119855PatriciansA member of one of the noble families of the ancient Roman Republic, which before the third century B.C. had exclusive rights to the Senate and the magistracies.31
5337122713PlebeiansRome's common people, including peasants, artisans, craftsmen, and traders, majority of the population. As traders, many became as wealthy as patricians.32
5337126861PopeHead of the Roman Catholic Church33
5337129542PriestA member of the order of priesthood; co-workers with their bishops that form a unique sacerdotal college or Presbyterian dedicated to assist their bishops in priestly service to the People of God.34
5337129543ConsulsTwo most powerful Magistrates (elected officials) in the Roman Republic who ran the city and led the army35
5337132205DictatorA ruler who has complete power over a country36
5337134132LatifundiaHuge estates bought up by newly wealthy Roman citizens37
5337134133Legionsgroups of up to 6,000 soldiers a group of up to 6,000 Roman soldiers38
5337137185Pax RomanaA period of peace and prosperity throughout the Roman Empire, lasting from 27 B.C. to A.D. 180.39
5337137186RepublicA form of government in which the people select representatives to govern them and make laws.40
5337139425SenateA group of 300 men elected to govern Rome in the Roman Republic.41
5337139426TribuneIn ancient Rome, an official elected by the plebeians to protect their rights.42
5337141627TriumvirateAn unofficial coalition between Julius Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus was formed in 60 B.C.E. Eventually results in civil war that brings down the republic and results in the Roman Empire.43
5337141628Twelve TablesCompleted in 449 BCE, these civil laws developed by the Roman Republic to protect individual following demands by plebeians.44

AP World History, Age of Exploration Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
6379966137Viceroythe administrative head of the provinces of New Spain and Peru in the Americas0
6379966138Encomienda systemunder which European settlers received grants of land and could collect tribute from the indigenous people and use them as laborers.1
6379966139Columbian Exchangethe exchange of animals, plants, and culture, but also communicable diseases and human populations including slaves, between the Western and Eastern Hemispheres that occurred after Columbus's voyages to the Americas2
6379966140MaritimeIn premodern times, a network of seaports, trade routes, and maritime culture linking countries on the rim of the Indian Ocean from Africa to Indonesia.3
6379966141Prince Henry"the navigator of Portugal" an outspoken advocate of European advocate of European expansion, said that he was motivated by "his great desire to make increase in the faith of our Lord Jesus Christ and to bring him all the souls that should be saved"4
6379966142God, Glory, Goldmotives for voyages to the Americas5
6379966143Cape of Good HopeSouthern tip of Africa; first circumnavigated in 1488 by Portuguese in search of direct route to India.6
6379966144Treaty of Tordesillasdivided the newly discovered worlds into separate Portuguese and Spanish spheres of influence.7
6379966145Joint Stock Companies and examplesIndividuals bought shares in a company and received dividends on their investment while a board of directors ran the company and made the important business decisions8
6379966146Merchantilisman economic theory that held that a nation's prosperity depended on it's supply of gold and sliver and that the total volume of trade is unchangeable; therefore advocated that the government play an active role in economy by encouraging exports and discouraging imports, especially through the use of tariffs9
6379966147Commercial Revolutionthe expansion of the trade and buisness that transformed European economies during the 16th and 17th centuries.10
6379966148Define the columbia exchange?Global diffusion of plants, animal, human population, diease, following the voages of Christopher Columbus11
6379966149Name products from the Old World to the New World:Citrus fruits, grapes, bananas, sugar cane, onions, coffee beans12
6379966150Name products that moved from the new world to the old worldSquash, pumpkins, turkeys, peanuts, potatoes, corn13
6379966151Define the encomienda systemWas the Spanish recruitment of indigenous labor for work in the mines and fields The Spanish required to protect workers and encourage them to convert to Christianity Workers faced harsher punishment and could rebel with "primitive" weapons14
6379966152Name the social pyramid of the New world1: Peninsulares - Spaniards born in Spain 2: Creoles: born in New Spain of Spanish parents 3: Mesitizos - born of Spain and Native American parents 4: enslaved persons- brought from Africa and Caribbean15
6379966153What does the Triangular trade look like?1. (From New World to Old) Sugar, tobacco, and cotton to Europe 2. (From Europe to Africa) Textiles, rum, and manufactures goods to Africa 3. (From Africa to the Americas) Slaves to the Americas16
6379966154haciendasrural, family owned estates, produced crops and wealth for rising aristocrats, used Indian laborers (Spanish)17
6379966155CaravelA small, highly maneuverable three-masted ship used by the Europeans in the exploration of the Atlantic.18
6379966156Triangular sailsLateen Sails,Feature of the caravel that made it sail more effectively19
6379966157SextantNavigation tool used to determine a ship's latitude and longitude20
6379966158Cartographyscience or art of making maps21
6379966159ReconquistaA long effort by the Spanish to drive the Muslims out of Spain22
6379966160InquisitionA period of prolonged and intensive questioning or investigation conducted by the Roman Church23
6379966161MercantilismAn economic policy under which nations sought to increase their wealth and power by obtaining large amounts of gold and silver and by selling more goods than they bought24
6379966163EncomiendaA grant of land made by Spain to a settler in the Americas, including the right to use Native Americans as laborers on it25
6379966164Middle PassageA voyage that brought enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean to North America and the West Indies to work on plantains.26
6379966165Ferdinand and IsabellaCatholic monarchs of Spain during Columbus' voyages.27
6379966166Henry the Navigator(1394-1460) Portuguese prince who promoted the study of navigation and directed voyages of exploration down the western coast of Africa.28
6379966167Christopher ColumbusItalian navigator who discovered the New World and the East Indies in the service of Spain while looking for a route to China. Also had the Columbian Exchange.29
6379966168Amerigo VespucciA mapmaker and explorer who said that America was a new continent, so America was named after him.30
6379966169Ferdinand Magellan(Portuguese explorer) First to go around the world (didn't actually go around, died in Philippines but his expedition made it around) (South American strait named after). Also named the Pacific Ocean for Peaceful Ocean.31
6379972678MitaOriginally labor owed by Incan peasants to their emperor to keep public works intact, the Spanish used this system as a mode of forced labor in which conquered Indians were forced to work in silver mines among other things32

Ap world history Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
140770601dahomeywest african kingdom who cooperated with european slave traders in the 17th century0
88833262creole slavesamerican born slaves of saltwater slaves1
467907389asantehenetitle taken by ruler of asante empire2
422571358Asante Emipreestablished in Gold Coast among Akan people around 16503
300061621great trekmovement of boer settlers in cape colony to escape british influence4
809661689fulanipastoral peoples of western sudan; wanted to purify Sufi Islam5
644700299Factorieseuropean trading fortresses and compounds with resident merchants6
105748477El Minaimportant Portuguese factor in forest zone of africa7
687314899Middle Passagebrutal slave voyage from Africa to the Americas 16th-18th centuries8
555550289triangular tradecommerce linking europe, africa, and the new world9
115627929saltwater slavesslaves transported from africa10
533518358william wilberforceenglish abolitionist; helped in slave trade in england in 180711
113861705audienciaroyal court of appeals established in colonies of the new world12
840648898council of the indiesadvised the king on all spanish holdings in the new world13
598178578francisco coronadospanish conquistador; entered southwest US looking for mythical cities14
347776966Hernan CortesSpanish conquistador responsible for conquering the Aztec Empire15
726127829creoleswite children of the peninsulares born in the new world16
493490923encomiendagrants of indian laborers made to spanish conquistadores in the new world17
556277169charles iiispanish king in late 18th century who made successful reforms in spanish empire18
935392102Haciendasspanish estates int eh new world19
238711835galleonslarge, heavily armed spanish ships that carried gold and silver to spain20
612082487hispaniolafirst island in new world settled by the spanish21
919170909mitaforced labor assigned to all communities to help with public works projects22
287849477mexico citybecame the capital of new spain; formerly aztec capital of tenochtitlan23
160299956peninsularespeople living in and fling the spanish colonies who had been born in spain24
749299055new spainspanish colonial possessions in mesoamerica25
685968862viceroyssenior government officials in spanish america26
897946381baburfounder of mughal dynasty in india27
679084608aurangzebmughal ruler know for his religious zealotry28
637378686akbartolerant mughal ruler who tried to blend hindu and islamic traditions into a new religion29
367471111abbas the greatgreat safavid ruler from 1587-162930
651106197imamsrulers who could trade the descent from the successors of Ali31
737873262Ismailfirst safavid to be proclaimed Sha (emperor)32
404497616Humayanson of babur who restored mughal rule in india in 155633
708290896janissariesottoman infantry divisions that dominated ottoman armies34
866470673Isfahansafavid capital under abbas the great; example of safavid architecture35
359607150Mughal Empireestablished by babur in India in 152636
652759935Mehmed IIottoman sultan called the "conqueror" took over contstantinople37
724446908Mullahsmosque and prayer officials in the safavid empire38
149964113safavid dynastyruling Islamic dynasty in the 17-18 centuries; modern day iran39
124665066Ottoman Empireruling Islamic dynasty from the 14th to 19th century; East Europe; arabia40
194119953Vizierchief advisor to the sultan in ottoman empire41
996473397cantonone of the two port cities in Ming dynasty that allowed foreign traders42
90430577taj mahalarchitectural masterpiece of the mughal empire in india43
144435952bataviadutch trading post on the island of java44
1050644493edotokugawa capital city; modern-day tokyo45
872962172caravelslender, long-hulled vessels utilized by the portuguese traders46
653772373toyotomi hideyoshilate 16th century military dictator of japan47
583896516hongwufirst ming emperor in 1368; drove out last of the mongols48
470383775mercantilismdominant european economic theory from 16-18 centuries49
411159040tokugawa leasubecame shogun of japan in 1603; unified japan50
540139541oda nobunagafirst apanese daimyo to make extensive use of gunpowder51
619060831francis xavierspanish jesuit missionary of india; popular with the poor52
795628766matteo riccijesuit schoar in ming court; won few converts53

AP World History Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
4775804142mature audiences onlyThis game is for ___0
4775813794OnlineWhat kind of reading assignment do we get everyday?1
4775944981Historical figuresActors will play ___ sometimes during class.2
4775955234Powerful EmpireYour goal is to become the most __ in the world.3
4775959170A sheet of paper and a penEveryday you will need ___4
4775960562Pop testsStay awake and be ready for__5
4776133313YouTubeWe will watch World History videos from ___6
4776154568GradedOnly a few assignments will be ___7
4776156454KaganWrite-pair-share activities8
4776158356In classTextbooks can be found ___9
4776160527EnrichmentWatch some history videos at home10
4776162288Online syllabus assignmentComplete this when absent11
4776163905Basic TrainingThe first six weeks12
4776168717Whole Brain TeachingLearning with your full brain13
4776170669Medal of HonorReceive this for six weeks of great active duty14
4776177266PromotionsRank has its privileges. People with high rank are eligible15
4776180200Chain-of-commandA student may speak to the teacher outside of class for disagreements16
4776190594BloodSomeone spilt ___ for me to be here today17
4776192466DisrespectTardiness is a sign of18
4776193729CharacterWhat you do when no one's looking19
4776204320RepetitionThe best teacher is20
4776206447HistoryThe main thing man learns from his history is that man does not learn from21
4776207757DiscourageWe encourage, not22
4776210115EducationWithout respect, honor, integrity and courage, this is meaningless23
4776215045RespectMature students show ___. Immature students show silliness.24
4776216123Act right. No excuses. Heads up.3 rules25
477677682290%This amount of high school students say they are not challenged.26
477677806090%We retain this amount of what we teach.27
4776782115DisciplineThis makes me stronger.28
4776783677Good teachersAre easy to serve but hard to please29
4776785838First timeFocus and listen the ___30
4794389786homoerectus homisapiensFossil, linguistic, and genetic DNA evidence supports _ & _ migrating out of Africa31
4794397332eastern MediterraneanThe first region of the world where there is evidence of permanent agricultural villages was the__32
4794405759Neolithic RevolutionSmall villages surrounded by agricultural fields caused the __33
4794409137patriarchical familiesThe transition from hunting to gathering caused __34
4794413651Paleolithic hunter-gatherers___used fired for warmth, hunting, and foraging.35
47948104575 minutes to midnightIf the entire history of the earth to date was a 24-hour day, the existence of the human race would be __36
4811768339homo sapiens sapiensthe humanoid species that emerged as most successful at the end of the Paleolithic period37
4811774340Neolithic AgeThe New Stone Age between 8000 and 5000 B.C.E.; period in which adaptation of sedentary agriculture occurred; domestication of plants and animals accomplished38
4811787760agricultureThe Neolithic revolution centered on the development of39
4811790212Neolithic revolutionThe succession of technological innovations and changes in human organization that led to the development of agriculture, 8500-3500 B.C.E.40
4811794289hunting and gatheringthe original human economy, ultimately eclipsed by agriculture; groups hunt for meat and forage for grains, nuts, and berries.41
4812124427pharaohsThe rulers of Ancient Egypt42
481212579315 tonssome stones for pyramids weighed up to this much43
4812126941King TutHis tomb was discovered in 1922 by Howard Carter44
4812134427Rosetta StoneWhen this was found people were finally able to translate Egyptian writing to Greek45
4864941699monarchyA system of government where a king would rule the state46
4864947701aristocracySystem of government where nobles rule the state.47
4864949723OliglarchySystem of government where wealthy farmers and landowners rule the state48
4864952401DemocracySystem of government ruled by the people, for the people.49
4864956454Direct democracyA system where all of the citizens of the state get to vote on laws.50
4864960359Representative democracyA system where citizens elect officials to vote on laws and govern.51
4864965143Socratestaught that Greek Gods don't exist and students should focus on this world and what's happening now.52
4864968126Xia dynastyFirst dynasty of China: little is known about them53
4864975720Shang DynastySecond dynasty of China: polytheistic and developed pictographs54
4864988066Zhou DynastyThird dynasty of China: Mandate of Heaven to overthrow the Shang dynasty55
4890162266Hellinismconverting peoples to Greek culture (religion, language, etc.)56
4890168329Athens and SpartaTwo Greek city-states who would not unite57
4890170689300How many Spartans went to hold off the Million Men Army58
4890175872SpartaFrom what city-state was the traitor from59
4929336223Alexander the GreatUnified Greece60
4929340096MacedoniaDidn't come to power until everyone else had already defeated themselves61

AP world history Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
5914031696ZigguratA massive pyramidal stepped tower made of mudbricks. It is associated with religious complexes in ancient Mesopotamian cities, but its function is unknown0
5914035652CuneiformA system of writing in which wedge-shaped symbols represented words or syllables. It originated in Mesopotamia and was used initially for Sumerian and Akkadian but later was adapted to represent other languages of western Asia. Because so many symbols had to be learned, literacy was confined to a relatively small group of administrators and scribes1
5914037391Neo-Assyrian EmpireAn empire extending from western Iran to Syria-Palestine, conquered by the Assyrians of northern Mesopotamia between the tenth and seventh centuries B.C.E. They used force and terror and exploited the wealth and labor of their subjects. They also preserved and continued the cultural and scientific developments of Mesopotamian civilization2
5914037392Mandate of HeavenChinese religious and political ideology developed by the Zhou, according to which it was the prerogative of Heaven, the chief deity, to grant power to the ruler of China and to take away that power if the ruler failed to conduct himself justly and in the best interests of his subjects3
5914037393OlmecThe first Mesoamerican civilization. Between ca. 1200 and 400 B.C.E., the Olmec people of central Mexico created a vibrant civilization that included intensive agriculture, wide-ranging trade, ceremonial centers, and monumental construction. The Olmec had great cultural influence on later Mesoamerican societies, passing on artistic styles, religious imagery, sophisticated astronomical observation for the construction of calendars, and a ritual ball game4
5914040142ChavínThe first major urban civilization in South America (900-250 B.C.E.). Its capital, Chavín de Huántar, was located high in the Andes Mountains of Peru. Chavín became politically and economically dominant in a densely populated region that included two distinct ecological zones, the Peruvian coastal plain and the Andean foothills5
5914040143MitaAndean labor system based on shared obligations to help kinsmen and work on behalf of the ruler and religious organizations.6
5914081159CyrusFounder of the Achaemenid Persian Empire. Between 550 and 530 B.C.E. he conquered Media, Lydia, and Babylon. Revered in the traditions of both Iran and the subject peoples, he employed Persians and Medes in his administration and respected the institutions and beliefs of subject peoples.7
5914081160SatrapThe governor of a province in the Achaemenid Persian Empire, often a relative of the king. He was responsible for protection of the province and for forwarding tribute to the central administration. Satraps in outlying provinces enjoyed considerable autonomy8
5914081161PolisThe Greek term for a city-state, an urban center and the agricultural territory under its control. It was the characteristic form of political organization in southern and central Greece in the Archaic and Classical periods. Of the hundreds of city-states in the Mediterranean and Black Sea regions settled by Greeks, some were oligarchic, others democratic, depending on the powers delegated to the Council and the Assembly9
5914082886Pax Romanaliterally, "Roman peace, it connoted the stability and prosperity that Roman rule brought to the lands of the Roman Empire in the first two centuries C.E. The movement of people and trade goods along Roman roads and safe seas allowed for the spread of cultural practices, technologies, and religious ideas10
5914086804Third Century CrisisHistorians' term for the political, military, and economic turmoil that beset the Roman Empire during much of the third century C.E.: frequent changes of ruler, civil wars, barbarian invasions, decline of urban centers, and near-destruction of long-distance commerce and the monetary economy. After 284 C.E. Diocletian restored order by making fundamental changes11
5914086805Qin DynastyA people and state in the Wei Valley of eastern China that conquered rival states and created the first Chinese empire (221-206 B.C.E.). The Qin ruler, Shi Huangdi, standardized many features of Chinese society and ruthlessly marshaled subjects for military and construction projects, engendering hostility that led to the fall of his dynasty shortly after his death. The Qin framework was largely taken over by the succeeding Han Empire12
5914088483Han & Han DynastyA term used to designate (1) the ethnic Chinese people who originated in the Yellow River Valley and spread throughout regions of China suitable for agriculture and (2) the dynasty of emperors who ruled from 206 B.C.E. to 220 C.E13
5914090307Mauryan EmpireThe first state to unify most of the Indian subcontinent. It was founded by Chandragupta Maurya in 324 B.C.E. and survived until 184 B.C.E. From its capital at Pataliputra in the Ganges Valley it grew wealthy from taxes on agriculture, iron mining, and control of trade routes14
5914090308Gupta EmpireA powerful Indian state based, like its Mauryan predecessor, on a capital at Pataliputra in the Ganges Valley. It controlled most of the Indian subcontinent through a combination of military force and its prestige as a center of sophisticated culture15
5914092628AshokaThird ruler of the Mauryan Empire in India (r. 270-232 B.C.E.). He converted to Buddhism and broadcast his precepts on inscribed stones and pillars, the earliest surviving Indian writing.16
5914092629BantuCollective name of a large group of sub-Saharan African languages and of the peoples speaking these languages17
5913742284SunniMuslims belonging to branch of Islam believing that the community should select its own leadership. The majority religion in most Islamic countries18
5913742285ShiaMuslims belonging to the branch of Islam believing that God vests leadership of the community in a descendant of Muhammad's son-in-law Ali. Shi'ism is the state religion of Iran.19
5913746018Umayyad CaliphateFirst hereditary dynasty of Muslim caliphs (661 to 750). From their capital at Damascus, the Umayyads ruled an empire that extended from Spain to India. Overthrown by the Abbasid Caliphate20
5913748237Abbasid CaliphateDescendants of the Prophet Muhammad's uncle, al-Abbas, the Abbasids overthrew the Umayyad Caliphate and ruled an Islamic empire from their capital in Baghdad (founded 762) from 750 to 1258.21
5913809718UlamaMuslim religious scholars. From the ninth century onward, the primary interpreters of Islamic law and the social core of Muslim urban societies.22
5913813503Carolingian EmpireThrough a series of military conquests Charlemagne established the Carolingian Empire, which encompassed all of Gaul and parts of Germany and Italy. Though illiterate himself, he sponsored a brief intellectual revival23
5913815488Kievan Rus'State established at Kiev in Ukraine ca. 879 by Scandinavian adventurers asserting authority over a mostly Slavic farming population24
5913817324Holy Roman EmpireLoose federation of mostly German states and principalities, headed by an emperor elected by the princes. It lasted from 962 to 1806.25
5913821681SerfdomIn medieval Europe, an agricultural laborer legally bound to a lord's property and obligated to perform set services for the lord. In Russia some serfs worked as artisans and in factories; serfdom was not abolished there until 1861.26
5913823715Investiture ControversyDispute between the popes and the Holy Roman Emperors over who held ultimate authority over bishops in imperial lands.27
5913823716CrusadesArmed pilgrimages to the Holy Land by Christians determined to recover Jerusalem from Muslim rule. The Crusades brought an end to western Europe's centuries of intellectual and cultural isolation.28
5913826374Neo-ConfucianismTerm used to describe new approaches to understanding classic Confucian texts that became the basic ruling philosophy of China from the Song period to the twentieth century29
5913826375Woodblocking Printingwritings carved into a woodblock and printed30
5913829180Movable TypeType in which each individual character is cast on a separate piece of metal. It replaced woodblock printing, allowing for the arrangement of individual letters and other characters on a page, rather than requiring the carving of entire pages at a time. It may have been invented in Korea in the thirteenth century.31
5913829181Black DeathAn outbreak of bubonic plague that spread across Asia, North Africa, and Europe in the mid-fourteenth century, carrying off vast numbers of persons32
5913829182Humanists(Renaissance) European scholars, writers, and teachers associated with the study of the humanities (grammar, rhetoric, poetry, history, languages, and moral philosophy), influential in the fifteenth century and later.33
5913831497Mansa MusaRuler of Mali (r. 1312-1337). His pilgrimage through Egypt to Mecca in 1324-1325 established the empire's reputation for wealth in the Mediterranean world34
5913831498Swahili CoastAfrican shores of the Indian Ocean between the Horn of Africa and the Zambezi River; from the Arabicsawahil, meaning "shores35
5913885233CaravelA small, highly maneuverable three-masted ship used by the Portuguese and Spanish in the exploration of the Atlantic.36
5913885234Christopher ColombusGenoese mariner who in the service of Spain led expeditions across the Atlantic, reestablishing contact between the peoples of the Americas and the Old World and opening the way to Spanish conquest and colonization37
5913892488Hernán CortésSpanish explorer and conquistador who led the conquest of Aztec Mexico in 1519-1521 for Spain38
5913892489Vasco da GamaPortuguese explorer. In 1497-1498 he led the first naval expedition from Europe to sail to India, opening an important commercial sea route39
5913894384Aztec EmpireAlso known as Mexica, the Aztecs created a powerful empire in central Mexico (1325-1521 C.E.). They forced defeated peoples to provide goods and labor as a tax40
5913894385Inca EmpireLargest and most powerful Andean empire. Controlled the Pacific coast of South America from Ecuador to Chile from its capital of Cuzco41
5913896601Protestant Reformationreligious reform movement within the Latin Christian Church beginning in 1519. It resulted in the "protesters forming several new Christian denominations, including the Lutheran and Reformed Churches and the Church of England.42
5913930293Scientific RevolutionThe intellectual movement in Europe, initially associated with planetary motion and other aspects of physics, that by the seventeenth century had laid the groundwork for modern science43
5913930294EncomiendaA grant of authority over a population of Amerindians in the Spanish colonies. It provided the grant holder with a supply of cheap labor and periodic payments of goods by the Amerindians. It obliged the grant holder to Christianize the Amerindians44
5913933086Bartolomé de Las CasasFirst bishop of Chiapas, in southern Mexico. He devoted most of his life to protecting Amerindian peoples from exploitation. His major achievement was the New Laws of 1542, which limited the ability of Spanish settlers to compel Amerindians to labor for them.45
5913933087Middle PassageThe part of the Atlantic Circuit involving the transportation of enslaved Africans across the Atlantic to the Americas46
5913933088MaliEmpire created by indigenous Muslims in western Sudan of West Africa from the thirteenth to fifteenth century. It was famous for its role in the trans-Saharan gold trade47
5913936363SonghaiA people, language, kingdom, and empire in western Sudan in West Africa. At its height in the sixteenth century, the Muslim Songhai Empire stretched from the Atlantic to the land of the Hausa and was a major player in the trans-Saharan trade.48
5913936364MercantilismEuropean government policies of the sixteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth centuries designed to promote overseas trade between a country and its colonies and accumulate precious metals by requiring colonies to trade only with their motherland country. The British system was defined by the Navigation Acts, the French system by laws known as theExclusif49
5913967634CapitalismThe economic system of large financial institutions—banks, stock exchanges, investment companies—that first developed in early modern Europe. Commercial capitalism, the trading system of the early modern economy, is often distinguished from industrial capitalism, the system based on machine production50
5913970157Tulip PeriodLast years of the reign of Ottoman sultan Ahmed III, during which European styles and attitudes became briefly popular in Istanbul51
5913970158AkbarMost illustrious sultan of the Mughal Empire in India (r. 1556-1605). He expanded the empire and pursued a policy of conciliation with Hindus52
5913970159Safavid EmpireIranian kingdom (1502-1722) established by Ismail Safavi, who declared Iran a Shi'ite state53
5913972570Aurangzebthe grandson of akbar. The Mughal empire reached its peak under his rule54
5913972571Peter the GreatRussian tsar (r. 1689-1725). He enthusiastically introduced Western languages and technologies to the Russian elite, moving the capital from Moscow to the new city of St. Petersburg55
5913974176DaimyoLiterally, great name(s). Japanese warlords and great landowners, whose armed samurai gave them control of the Japanese islands from the eighth to the later nineteenth century. Under the Tokugawa Shogunate they were subordinated to the imperial government.56
5913974177Tokugawa ShogunateThe last of the three shogunates of Japan57
5913977163Qing DynastyEmpire established in China by Manchus who overthrew the Ming Empire in 1644. At various times the Qing also controlled Manchuria, Mongolia, Turkestan, and Tibet. The last Qing emperor was overthrown in 191158

Pages

Subscribe to CourseNotes RSS

Need Help?

We hope your visit has been a productive one. If you're having any problems, or would like to give some feedback, we'd love to hear from you.

For general help, questions, and suggestions, try our dedicated support forums.

If you need to contact the Course-Notes.Org web experience team, please use our contact form.

Need Notes?

While we strive to provide the most comprehensive notes for as many high school textbooks as possible, there are certainly going to be some that we miss. Drop us a note and let us know which textbooks you need. Be sure to include which edition of the textbook you are using! If we see enough demand, we'll do whatever we can to get those notes up on the site for you!