Pre-AP World History: World War I Flashcards
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| 6124820512 | militarism | A policy of glorifying military power and keeping a large standing army always prepared for war and investing heavily in weapons. |  | 0 |
| 6124820513 | alliance | An agreement between two or more countries to work together to defend each other and/or fight together. |  | 1 |
| 6124820514 | imperialism | Empire building; taking over others' territory. |  | 2 |
| 6124820515 | nationalism | Extreme patriotism; a love of one's country so strong one is willing to do anything for it. |  | 3 |
| 6124820516 | Archduke Franz Ferdinand | Heir to the Austria-Hungarian throne, was assassinated in Sarajevo, June 28th, 1914, triggering World War I. |  | 4 |
| 6124820517 | Gavrilo Princip | Member of a Serbian terrorist/nationalist organization called The Black Hand. Murdered Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife. Wanted to set Bosnia & Serbia free from Austria-Hungary. |  | 5 |
| 6124820518 | The Black Hand | A Serbian terrorist/nationalist organization dedicated to the creation of a united Balkan state. Responsible for the assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand, which started WWI. |  | 6 |
| 6124820519 | The Triple Entente | The pre-WWI alliance of France, Great Britain, and Russia. During the war this group was referred to as "The Allies". | | 7 |
| 6124820520 | The Triple Alliance | The pre-WWI alliance of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy. During the war, Italy left the alliance, the Ottoman Empire joined it, and it was known as "The Central Powers". | | 8 |
| 6124820521 | Kaiser Wilhelm II | Before and during WWI he was the monarch (king) of Germany. Cousin to the Tsar of Russia and King of England, his enemies in the war, he was allied with Austria-Hungary. |  | 9 |
| 6124820522 | trench warfare | The type of fighting characterized by slow, long battles. Trenches and machine guns provided effective defense so trenches were very difficult to take from the enemy. Living conditions were wet, cold, and infections and diseases were common. Attacks on the enemy required going "over the top" and charging across No Man's Land into the enemy's machine gun fire. |  | 10 |
| 6124820523 | mobilization | The process of assembling troops and supplies and making them ready for war. |  | 11 |
| 6124820524 | casualties | In war, the combined numbers of soldiers' deaths, serious injuries, missing, and captured. |  | 12 |
| 6124820525 | Tsar Nicholas II | The last monarch of Russia. Before and during the beginning of WWI he ruled Russia. Cousin of German leader Wilhelm II and British King George. He was executed along with the rest of his family during the Russia Revolution of 1917 under the orders of Bolshevik leader Lenin. |  | 13 |
| 6124820526 | No Man's Land | The dangerous, muddy place between the two sides' trenches. This is the space that must be crossed to overtake the enemy's trench. |  | 14 |
| 6124820527 | Austrian Ultimatum | Issued to Serbia by Austria after the assassination of Franz Ferdinand that included extreme demands which they could not accept. Austria declared war on Serbia on July 28 when Serbia refused to accept all of its demands. |  | 15 |
| 6124820528 | Sarajevo | Capital city of Bosnia and the city in which Franz Ferdinand was assassinated. |  | 16 |
| 6124820529 | civilians | Non-fighters during a war; regular people who are not soldiers and are not armed and taking part in fighting the war. |  | 17 |
| 6124820530 | Otto von Bismark | German chancelor; united Germany; made a triple alliance with Austria-Hungary & Italy; made alliance with Russia. Hosted the Berlin Conference of 1884. Attempted to enlarge German Empire and make Germany more powerful without going war. After Kaiser Wilhelm II came to power, Bismark and his ideas were pushed aside. |  | 18 |
| 6124820531 | "balance of power" | Distribution of military and economic power that prevents any one nation from becoming too strong. For example: the two opposing alliances in Europe before WWI were supposed to keep war from occurring. | | 19 |
| 6124820532 | "Europe's Powder Keg" | The region of Southeastern Europe known as the Balkans, it is home to many different ethnic and religious groups. Once part of the Ottoman Empire, many groups wanted independence from the Austro-Hungarian Empire too, leading to the assassination of Franz Ferdinand. This was the SPARK that triggered the EXPLOSION of WWI. Get it? "Powder Keg"? | | 20 |
| 6124820533 | Armenian Massacre | An act of genocide by the rulers of Ottoman Turkey during WWI against Christian Armenians, in which a half million Armenians died. |  | 21 |
| 6124820534 | Gallipoli Campaign | England and France's 1915 attempt to take over the Ottoman Empire (Turkey) during WWI by taking control first of this peninsula. The Allies (England & France) failed and Turks were successful in keeping control of it. Tons of casualties, especially Australians & New Zealanders fighting for Britain and Turks defending Ottoman territory. About 8 months of fighting for no gains. |  | 22 |
| 6124820535 | stalemate | A deadlock in which neither side is able to defeat the other, such as in trench warfare. |  | 23 |
| 6124820536 | The Balkans | Present day territory that includes Greece, Albania, Bulgaria, Romania, Turkey, Bosnia, and Serbia. Revolutions sparked by nationalism began here: Greece (1821), WWI (1914) |  | 24 |
| 6124820537 | Western Front | In WWI, the region of Northern France where the forces of the Allies and the Central Powers battled each other. |  | 25 |
| 6124820538 | Eastern Front | In WWI, the region along the German-Russian Border where Russians and Serbs battled Germans, Austrians, and Turks. |  | 26 |
| 6124820539 | armistice | an agreement to stop fighting, usually until a more permanent agreement will end a conflict more officially. |  | 27 |
| 6124820540 | Battle of the Somme | This four month long battle was between combined British/French forces and Germans and was fought in Northeast France along the Western Front. It is a great example of a the long, slow battles that gained hardly any land and cost tons of lives. This battle only resulted in a 6 mile gain and resulted in more than a million casualties. |  | 28 |
Unit 5A Key Terms AP World History Flashcards
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| 3857791337 | First Industrial Revolution | Britain (1780-1850) The main use of textiles, coal, iron, and railroads | 0 | |
| 3857791338 | Second Industrial Revolution | Britain (1850-1900) The main use of steel, oil, electricity, and chemicals | 1 | |
| 3857791339 | Urbanization | Industrial Revolution attracted workers to cities. Britain first country to experience this growth (over 50% of population by 1890) | 2 | |
| 3857791345 | Adam Smith | Father of modern capitalism and author of Wealth of Nation | 3 | |
| 3857791346 | Wealth of Nations | Book by Adam Smith outlining the principles of capitalism | 4 | |
| 3857791347 | Lassiez Faire | "Hands off" (non-government intervention in business... Industry and Trade regulated, but not owned or controlled by the government) | 5 | |
| 3857791348 | Invisible Hand | Supply and Demand will promote interest of society | 6 | |
| 3857791349 | Karl Marx | Advocate of a more militant form of Socialism called communism and author of The Communist Manifesto | 7 | |
| 3857791351 | Pograms | Against Jews in Russia in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries induced many to move out of that empire | 8 | |
| 3857815766 | nationalism | a belief in national pride | 9 | |
| 3857815767 | millet system | In Ottoman Empire pertained to personal law | 10 | |
| 3857816954 | blood and iron policy | war used to unify nation | 11 | |
| 3857817793 | social darwinism | whatever creaturs were dominant were meant to be dominent | 12 | |
| 3857818249 | cultivation system | system that forced peasants to devote land to exports | 13 | |
| 3857819637 | great trek | dutch that left British control to establish own control | 14 | |
| 3857819638 | mfecane | "time of troubles" in africa | 15 | |
| 3857820454 | berlin conference | germany settled arguments peacfuly over africa | 16 | |
| 3857820455 | scramble for africa | rush of Europeans to colonize africa | 17 | |
| 3857821473 | nabob | corruption of the title for an indian muslim ruler | 18 | |
| 3857822552 | revere the emporer | almost rejecting everything that came from the west | 19 | |
| 3857823674 | meiji restoration | displaced shogun, restoring power to emporer | 20 | |
| 3857824268 | eastern ethics/western science | accepting western science but rejecting western culture | 21 | |
| 3857826009 | extraterritorial | legal immunities enjoyed by those of a sovereign state | 22 | |
| 3857866444 | imperialsm | Where a colony is ruled by a definite ruler | 23 | |
| 3857867411 | colonialism | Practice of setting up colonies | 24 | |
| 3857869596 | Taiping rebellion | Upheaval against the Qing gov. | 25 | |
| 3857869597 | opium war | Two wars in 19th century involving china | 26 | |
| 3857870862 | boxer rebellion | Marked low ebb of Qing dynasty | 27 | |
| 3857871745 | sepoy rebellion | Rebellion in India over loss of jobs | 28 | |
| 3857871746 | ghost dance | A dance which beloved that if the dance was preformed the preformed would be protected from bullets | 29 | |
| 3857872895 | wahhabis | Resisted Egyptians and launch holy war | 30 | |
| 3857873304 | zulus | Southern African tribe that was immune to European disease | 31 | |
| 3857873305 | capitalism | an economic system based on private enterprise with little to no gov. help | 32 | |
| 3857877973 | socalism | economic system where wealth is shared through gov. | 33 |
AP World History Midterm Flashcards
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| 3660180486 | Why is the Neolithic Revolution a turning point in global history? | brought the beginning of civilization | 0 | |
| 3660187352 | What must societies have in order to be a civilization? | -cities -central government -job specialization -arts and architecture -complex religion -social classes -public works | 1 | |
| 3660192656 | Why is writing important to a civilization? | communicate and keep records | 2 | |
| 3660208738 | What is unique about China's earliest river valley civilization? | developed in isolation - not influenced by other civilizations | 3 | |
| 3660214301 | In Judaism and Buddhism, what names are given to the moral guides used by religion's followers | Judaism: ten commandments Buddhism: eight-fold path, four noble truths | 4 | |
| 3660227466 | In early Chinese civilization, what is the significance of the Mandate of Heaven?what goods are traded and what role do ancestors play in their belief system? | allowed rulers to assert dominance over their subjects facilitates dynastic structure | 5 | |
| 3660238741 | In early Chinese civilization, what goods are traded? | bronze iron tools bamboo silk wood | 6 | |
| 3660238742 | In early Chinese civilization, what role do ancestors play in their belief system? | worshipped ancestors | 7 | |
| 3660247666 | What are the early writing systems of the Egyptians and Sumerians? | Egyptians: hieroglyphics Sumerians: cuneiform | 8 | |
| 3660252300 | How are classical civilizations different from the early river valley civilizations? | -Classical civilization more organized -more political systems -more cultural diffusion -more interaction between cultures | 9 | |
| 3660262507 | How is the Qin dynasty different from the Zhou dynasty? | Qin -stricter law code -Shi Huangdi united the empire through resistance, brought aristocrats to the capital, built Great Wall, canals and roadways stressed central authority Zhou -feudal/regional systems | 10 | |
| 3660272321 | What functions/roles did the Han dynasty government play in Chinese life? | -Wu Ti: brought peace and prosperity to China, -introduced tests for bureaucrats - resulted in a stronger bureaucracy -Confucianism integrated with the government -ideas filtered down to peasants (merchants) -Silk Road created - increased trade | 11 | |
| 3660279231 | On what did Daoists and Confucianists agree? | Agreed on: good morals, simple, humble life, stay in their place in society Daoists: politics and learning unimportant Confucianism: all people should participate in government | 12 | |
| 3660289631 | In the Chinese social hierarchy, which groups were most esteemed and why? Which groups had lower standing and why? | Most esteemed: landowning elites, educated government people (Confucianism stressed involvement with government) Lower standing: merchants (Confucianism and Daoism frowned upon greed) | 13 | |
| 3660301160 | What is an example of cultural diffusion that came to China? | Buddhism from India | 14 | |
| 3660303984 | What is the significance of the fact that the Europeans referred to china as the far east? | Europeans saw themselves as superior to/more civilized than China - treated it like it was off the grid | 15 | |
| 3660308007 | What is the significance of the fact that the Chinese referred to China as the Middle Kingdom? | Chinese saw themselves as the center of civilization because they were geographically isolated and often isolated themselves because they thought they were superior | 16 | |
| 3660311856 | How are the Code of Hammurabi and Chinese Legalism similar in their view of people? | saw people as inherently bad strict laws and harsh punishment necessary | 17 | |
| 3660315119 | How is the Mauryan dynasty different from the Gupta Dynasty in terms of size? | Mauryan ruled a larger territory than the Gupta | 18 | |
| 3660324560 | What were the important and mathematical contributions of the Gupta dynasty? | -uniform law code -sponsored public works -caste system -astronomy and medicine -Arabic numerals -zero, decimals, and negative numbers | 19 | |
| 3660330230 | How was classical India organized politically for much of the era? How is it different from Han China? | India organized in regional kingdoms Han dynasty organized in central bureaucratic government | 20 | |
| 3660335877 | What is a similarity between Confucianism and Hinduism's roles in maintaining social order? | Confucianism: stay in your place in society Hinduism: caste system created order (dharma) | 21 | |
| 3660340262 | What is a primary difference between Buddhism and Hinduism that ultimately resulted in Hinduism's greater popularity in India? | Hinduism had more structure and rituals than Buddhism | 22 | |
| 3660343523 | What does Nirvana mean? | whole union with the divine essence (Buddhism) | 23 | |
| 3660346931 | How were the roles/status of merchants different in China and India? | China: merchants had a low status - Confucianism frowned upon excessive money making India: merchants had a high status - trade was valued | 24 | |
| 3660352144 | Compare and contrast how much contact China and India had with civilizations other than their own | China: had less contact with outside civilization, geographically isolated, uninterested in trade India: emphasized trade, used Indian Ocean and Mediterranean to transport goods | 25 | |
| 3660358456 | Compare and contrast attitudes that China and India had toward tolerating other religions | both tolerated other religions | 26 | |
| 3660362045 | How did the geography of Greece influence its political organization into city-states? | geography made it broken up - difficult to create a central government | 27 | |
| 3660365011 | How is Hellenism under Alexander the Great an example of cultural diffusion? | expanded the Macedonian empire from father Philip II of Macedon - expansion brought Hellenistic ideas with them all the way to Alexandria (by Egypt) | 28 | |
| 3660370202 | What was an important contribution of the Greeks? | politics and philosophy | 29 | |
| 3660373819 | What was an important contribution of the Romans? | engineering: aqueducts and the coliseum | 30 | |
| 3660380460 | How is the Greek political structure similar to the political structure of classical India | regional kingdoms | 31 | |
| 3660395090 | Did the Roman empire permit religious and political diversity within the empire? | Tolerant until clash, can coexist | 32 | |
| 3660412707 | What is the Socratic method? | Think rationally, be skeptical, and ask questions | 33 | |
| 3660382990 | What did the Roman Empire emphasize as important for maintaining order in a society? Would Confucianists in china have agreed/disagreed with Roman thinking and why? | Rome: emphasized law code Confucianists not agree because lack of social hierarchy or trained officials - everyone plays their part | 34 | |
| 3660389202 | How was Greek and Roman architecture different from classical Chinese architecture | Greek and Roman architecture more complex, featured monumental styles | 35 | |
| 3660710711 | What was unique about Classical Greece and Rome's agricultural practice as a result of their primary crops? | primary crop is grapes and olives → need grain (can only get through trade) → creates a rise in commercial agriculture → farmers go into debt trying to farm grapes/olives →have to work for land owners → creates large commercial farms → roman emperors organize food supplies and distribution | 36 | |
| 3660717524 | What is similar about the decline of the Han dynasty in China and the Roman Empire | started with internal strain, later external invasion | 37 | |
| 3660728956 | Why did the eastern portion of the Roman Empire suffer less from decline than the western portion | eastern portion (Constantinople) was where the power was centered - away from where Germanic tribes were attacking the empire | 38 | |
| 3660733944 | What trend in religion was found after 200 CE in more and more people in Asia, Europe, and North Africa | Monotheism | 39 | |
| 3660738727 | What do Christianity, Hinduism, and Buddhism have in common? What are their major differences? | Common: life after death Differences: christ = non-believers can't join church | 40 | |
| 3660744591 | Which group of people on the Arabian Peninsula was very important in the earliest spread of Islam | Bedouins | 41 | |
| 3660748294 | What are the five pillars of Islam? | confession of faith prayer 5 times a day facing Mecca charity fasting during Ramadaan hajj | 42 | |
| 3660749851 | Why did the Shi'a-Sunni split in Islam occur? | -arguments over how the booty from conquests should be split → 656: tensions resulted in violence → Uthman (Umayyad caliph) murdered by rebellious warriors → Ali (Muhammad's cousin) appointed as caliph → Umayyads swore they would get revenge on Ali if he didn't punish the murderers of Uthman → led to a war between Umayyads and followers of Ali → Ali assassinated → son was pressured by the Umayyads to renounce his claims of succession | 43 | |
| 3660758928 | Who did the Shi'a side with? Who did the Sunni side with? | Shi'a: Ali Sunni: Umayyads | 44 | |
| 3660760527 | What qualified a person for citizenship in the Umayyad empire? | Muslim Arab | 45 | |
| 3660765146 | Was citizenship different under the Abbasids? If so, how? Is it significant for the Abbasid's rise to power? | Abbasids accepted mawali, able to overthrow Umayyad - power as a result of support for mawali | 46 | |
| 3660774062 | What is a mawali? | Non-arab muslim convert | 47 | |
| 3660779386 | Where was the Umayyad political center? | Damascus | 48 | |
| 3660777622 | Where was the political center of the Abbasid empire? | Baghdad | 49 | |
| 3660787468 | How was the Abbasid government different from the Umayyad government? | Abbasids outdid the Umayyads with an absolute monarchy - Had wazirs and an executioner | 50 | |
| 3660790762 | Who were the ayan? | rural landholding elite | 51 | |
| 3660793473 | What was the primary cultural contribution of the Muslims during the Abbasid period? | -Muslims able to recover and preserve the works of the ancient philosophers -Could also transmit ideas and culture from one civilization to another -Islam spread- mass conversions are encouraged (no booty splitting) -less distinction between the mawali and Arab Muslims -algebra | 52 | |
| 3660797234 | What did the Gupta empire and Arab dynasties in the Golden age of Islam have in common? | mathematical and literary contributions Gupta = mathematical contributions Arab = recover ancient text, algebra Upanishads = poetry | 53 | |
| 3660849831 | Describe trade in the Abbasid Empire | -growth in wealth and social status of merchants -revival of Afro-Eurasian trading network -Arab dhows -Muslim merchants collaborated with Christians and Jews so their businesses could operate all week because everyone had different Sabbaths -profits reinvested in new commercial enterprises, purchase of land or construction of great mansions -wealth went to charity as required by the Qu'ran | 54 | |
| 3660853079 | What was the impact of the crusades on the Christian west? | -military techniques -words -scientific learning -Arabic numerals | 55 | |
| 3660855794 | What was the impact of the crusades on Islam? | little impact - Islamic area much more advanced than the European area, where the Crusaders came from | 56 | |
| 3660857833 | Who were the ulama and what did they stress? | -Orthodox religious scholars in Islam -wanted a more conservative and restrictive theology opposed to non-Islamic ideas and scientific thinking | 57 | |
| 3660860914 | Who captured Baghdad in 1258? How did their invasion change the political center of Islam? | Mongols Baghdad replaced by Cairo to the east and later Istanbul to the north | 58 | |
| 3660863232 | What are important differences between Islam and Hinduism? | Islam stressed the equality of all believers, while Hinduism embraced a caste-based system | 59 | |
| 3660866263 | What important cultural advance occurred as a result of the increased contact between Muslims and Indian civilization? | Muslims adopted the Indian system of mathematical notation (Arabic numerals) | 60 | |
| 3660884423 | What was the capital city for the Islamic kingdom established in India in the early 13th century? | Delhi - on the Gangetic Plain | 61 | |
| 3660888092 | Which groups were most helpful in converting Indians to Islam and why? | -Traders and Sufi mystics -Traders brought Islam to port cities in India while on business -Sufi mystics appealed to Buddhists and low caste Hindus by incorporating a mystical nature of Islam with indigenous religion | 62 | |
| 3660888093 | What were the significant contributions and influences of the Muslims during the Golden Age of Islam? | - helped create and popularize a world religion - built many palaces and mosques - advances in science, math, and religious/legal/philosophical communication - Arabs preserved great Greek writings on medicine, algebra, geometry, astronomy, anatomy and ethics; translated to Arabic and distributed throughout empire - Indian system of numbers was carried by Muslim invaders of south Asia to the Middle East, Italy and Northern Europe - art and architecture reached as far as Cordoba, Spain | 63 | |
| 3660888091 | What did the West African empires of Ghana, Mali, and Songhai have in common that helped make them successful? | traded gold + salt | 64 | |
| 3660900562 | The migration of the Bantu people between 500 B.C. and A.D. 1500 led to the cultural diffusion of what two primary "things"? | language and ironworking | 65 | |
| 3660903038 | What was the most important Christian kingdom in Africa? | Ethiopia | 66 | |
| 3660903039 | What is the Sahel? | grassland belt at the southern edge of the Sahara that served as a point of exchange between the forests of the south and north Africa | 67 | |
| 3660906028 | Who was Sundiata? | monarch that began Malinke expansion and created the Mali Empire | 68 | |
| 3660906029 | Who were griots and what did they do? | oral historians who mastered the oral traditions of the Malinke and by knowing the past were considered excellent advisors of kings | 69 | |
| 3660909160 | Who was Sunni Ali? | Ruler responsible for the creation of the Songhay Empire | 70 | |
| 3660911572 | Why did rulers in the Sudan adopt Islam so quickly? (What advantage did it give them?) | Muslim concept of a ruler who united civil and religious authority reinforced traditional ideas of kingship | 71 | |
| 3660913740 | How did Islam interact with the indigenous religions of Africa? | able to accommodate pagan practices and beliefs in the early stages of conversion. | 72 | |
| 3660916267 | What was trade like in the towns of east Africa? (With whom did they trade and in what?) | -mostly took place on the Swahili coast in east Africa, with merchants from Asia (India, China) -inland/caravan trade would meet at the urban centers on the Swahili coast -African traders had goods such as gold and salt that were a match for the goods from Asia. | 73 | |
| 3660920802 | How successful was the spread of Islam with the people in east Africa? | Islam penetrated very little into the interior among the hunters, pastoralists, and farmers, and even the areas near the trading towns remained relatively unaffected - not very successful | 74 | |
| 3660920803 | Where in Africa was Islam most significant? | Sudan and Swahili coast | 75 | |
| 3660923055 | What approximate dates are given for the Byzantine Empire? | 500-1453 CE | 76 | |
| 3660924401 | Why is the Byzantine Empire important? | - empire was able to survive for almost 1000 years. - capital, Constantinople, was a major urban center. - empire was able to spread its cultural and political influence to the Balkans and southern Russia. - developed Orthodox Christianity, which broke off from Rome in 1054. | 77 | |
| 3660924402 | Where was the capital of the Byzantine Empire? | Constantinople | 78 | |
| 3660926956 | Who was Justinian and what were his accomplishments? | Byzantine emperor accomplishments: - rebuilding of Constantinople - systematizing of the Roman legal code (Justinian Law Code) - construction of Hagia Sophia - allowing for new architectural innovations (dome) | 79 | |
| 3660928392 | How successful was the Byzantine Empire in defending itself against attacks from invaders? | Despite difficulties with neighbors, Byzantine empire's wars demonstrate that Byzantium had real core strength | 80 | |
| 3660930076 | What were important features of the Byzantine bureaucracy? | - many of the officials closest to the emperor were eunuchs (men who guarded women in harems) - aristocrats predominated, but there was some openness to talent - elaborate system of spies maintained loyalty to the central government - provincial governors kept tabs on the military | 81 | |
| 3660930077 | What similarities can you identify between the elaborate bureaucracies of the Byzantine Empire and the Han dynasty in China? What are the differences? | - bureaucracies support imperial authority - aristocrats predominate, but officials could be recruited from all social classes - secular schools trained government officials - rulers appointed by God (Mandate of Heaven, Byzantine Empire is patriarch of Orthodox Church) | 82 | |
| 3660935635 | How were merchants treated in the Byzantine Empire? | large and wealthy merchant class in the Byzantine Empire - never gained significant political power because of the elaborate network of government controls | 83 | |
| 3660937469 | Why did the Great Schism occur and what is the form of Christianity in the Byzantine Empire called? | -disagreement between pope in west and patriarch in east about communion bread and celibacy of priests - excommunicated each other in 1054 -form of Christianity in the Byzantine Empire is called Orthodox Christianity | 84 | |
| 3660937470 | When did the Byzantine Empire end and why? | 1453: the Ottoman Turks captured Constantinople and brought the Empire to a close. | 85 | |
| 3660974257 | What was the alphabet for the Slavs in Russia and how did they acquire it? | Cyrillic Orthodox missionary, Cyril, brought the alphabet to Russia | 86 | |
| 3660982626 | Who was a major influence on the Kievan Rus? Who was not a significant influence? What term describes the transfer of cultural ideas and patterns from one group to another? | -Byzantine Empire = major influence on Kievan Rus -Russia's religious culture and social and economic patterns developed separately from western Europe's. | 87 | |
| 3660984460 | What is the post classical period (between the fall of the Roman Empire and the 15th century) in Western history called? | The middle ages | 88 | |
| 3660986583 | What was the status of learning and literacy in medieval Europe before the 8th century? | few literate people concentrated in monasteries → little was achieved other than copying older manuscripts. | 89 | |
| 3660986584 | What was manorialism? | economic structure of the Middle Ages - described the relationship between landlords an their peasant laborers | 90 | |
| 3660988728 | What was feudalism? | political structure of the Middle Ages - centered around relationships between kings, nobles and members of the military elite based on a reciprocal exchange of land for military service and loyalty | 91 | |
| 3660988729 | Who was Clovis? | Frankish king responsible for the conversion of his people to Christianity in oder to gain a vague domination over the Franks | 92 | |
| 3660988730 | Who was Charlemagne? | -King who united Germanic tribes and established a substantial yet temporary empire in France and Germany in 800 -crowned Holy Roman Emperor by Pope Leo III -Empire split when he died | 93 | |
| 3660995966 | How much power did the Holy Roman Emperors after Charlemagne have? Why? | The rule of the Holy Roman emperors became increasingly hollow, because they did not build a solid monarchy from regional foundations. | 94 | |
| 3661003710 | What happened to the economy of Western Europe after the 10th century (900s) and how did it affect the social structure? | -new agricultural techniques -end of Viking raids -greater regional political stability -trade centers increased the pace of economic life and created a less rigid social structure | 95 | |
| 3661003711 | Which Pope called for the First Crusade and what was the year? | Pope Urban II in 1095 | 96 | |
| 3661007293 | What was the black death? | serious epidemic that killed off between 25 and 50 percent of Europe's population between c. 1350-1450. | 97 | |
| 3661007294 | How and when did the Black Death spread to and affect Western Europe? | came out of the eastern Mediterranean along shipping routes, reaching Italy in the spring of 1348. The epidemic is believed to have started in China and made its way west across Asia to the Black Sea. | 98 | |
| 3661009230 | What were 2 immediate results of the Black Death on western European society? | decreased population, increased number of free farmers because labor was in demand. serfs were less tied to the land because they could demand higher wages (this also helped end the feudal system). | 99 | |
| 3661009231 | How were universities in medieval Western Europe different from that of China? | not directly tied to the government | 100 | |
| 3661012252 | Who was Thomas Aquinas? | leading figure in the synthesis of classical rational philosophy with Christian theology; a teacher at the University of Paris in the 13th century | 101 | |
| 3661015734 | How did the Hundred Years War in the 14th and 15th centuries affect the feudal system? | feudal system was weakened. Kings reduced their reliance on feudal forces in favor of paid armies. | 102 |
Ap World History Periodization Flashcards
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| 3843703692 | First aggie villages | Period 1 (to 600BCE) | 0 | |
| 3843703693 | First cities | Period 1 (to 600BCE) | 1 | |
| 3843703694 | Cultivation of maize in Mesoamerica | Period 1 (to 600BCE) | 2 | |
| 3843703695 | Sumerian dominance in Mesopotamia | Period 1 (to 600BCE) | 3 | |
| 3843703696 | Agriculture in South America | Period 1 (to 600BCE) | 4 | |
| 3843703697 | Agriculture in new guinea | Period 1 (to 600BCE) | 5 | |
| 3843703698 | Indo-European migrations | Period 1 (to 600BCE) | 6 | |
| 3843703699 | Pyramid construction in Egypt | Period 1 (to 600BCE) | 7 | |
| 3843703700 | Height of Harrapan society | Period 1 (to 600BCE) | 8 | |
| 3843703701 | Regional empires in Mesopotamia | Period 1 (to 600BCE) | 9 | |
| 3843703702 | Chinese dynastic rule | Period 1 (to 600BCE) | 10 | |
| 3843703703 | Bantu migrations | Period 1 (to 600BCE) | 11 | |
| 3843703704 | Aryan migration to South Asia | Period 1 (to 600BCE) | 12 | |
| 3843703705 | Vedic age in South Asia | Period 1 (to 600BCE) | 13 | |
| 3843703706 | Austronesian migrations | Period 1 (to 600BCE) | 14 | |
| 3843703707 | Rule of Hebrew king David | Period 1 (to 600BCE) | 15 | |
| 3843703708 | Invention of ironworking in sub-Saharan Africa | Period 1 (to 600BCE) | 16 | |
| 3843703709 | Establishment of Greek polies | Period 1 (to 600BCE) | 17 | |
| 3843703710 | Assyrian conquest of Israel | Period 1 (to 600BCE) | 18 | |
| 3843703711 | New Babylonian conquest of Judah | Period 1 (to 600BCE) | 19 | |
| 3843703712 | Establishment of Roman Republic | Period 2 (600 BCE to 600 CE) | 20 | |
| 3843703713 | Era of the warring states in china | Period 2 (600 BCE to 600 CE) | 21 | |
| 3843703714 | Alexander of Macedon | Period 2 (600 BCE to 600 CE) | 22 | |
| 3843703715 | Conquest of achaemenid empire by Alexander | Period 2 (600 BCE to 600 CE) | 23 | |
| 3843703716 | Pax Romana | Period 2 (600 BCE to 600 CE) | 24 | |
| 3843703717 | Life of Jesus | Period 2 (600 BCE to 600 CE) | 25 | |
| 3843703718 | Mayan civilization | Period 2 (600 BCE to 600 CE) | 26 | |
| 3843703719 | Spread of Buddhism+Hinduism | Period 2 (600 BCE to 600 CE) | 27 | |
| 3843703720 | Han dynasty | Period 2 (600 BCE to 600 CE) | 28 | |
| 3843703721 | Gupta dynasty | Period 2 (600 BCE to 600 CE) | 29 | |
| 3843703722 | Fall of the Western Roman empire | Period 2 (600 BCE to 600 CE) | 30 | |
| 3843703723 | Life of Mohammed | Period 3 (600CE-1450) | 31 | |
| 3843703724 | Tang dynasty in China | Period 3 (600CE-1450) | 32 | |
| 3843703725 | Hijra | Period 3 (600CE-1450) | 33 | |
| 3843703726 | Muslim occupation of Spain | Period 3 (600CE-1450) | 34 | |
| 3843703727 | Abbasid dynasty | Period 3 (600CE-1450) | 35 | |
| 3843703728 | Song Dynasty in China | Period 3 (600CE-1450) | 36 | |
| 3843703729 | Schism btwn the Eastern and Western Christian churches | Period 3 (600CE-1450) | 37 | |
| 3843703730 | Norman invasion of England | Period 3 (600CE-1450) | 38 | |
| 3843703731 | First Crusade | Period 3 (600CE-1450) | 39 | |
| 3843703732 | Kingdom of Ghana | Period 3 (600CE-1450) | 40 | |
| 3843703733 | Swahili city in east Africa | Period 3 (600CE-1450) | 41 | |
| 3843703734 | Kingdom of Great Zimbabwe | Period 3 (600CE-1450) | 42 | |
| 3843703735 | Kingdom of Axum | Period 3 (600CE-1450) | 43 | |
| 3843703736 | Beginning of chiefdoms in Oceania | Period 3 (600CE-1450) | 44 | |
| 3843703737 | Empire of Mali | Period 3 (600CE-1450) | 45 | |
| 3843703738 | Sultanate of Delhi | Period 3 (600CE-1450) | 46 | |
| 3843703739 | Beginning of Mongol conquest | Period 3 (600CE-1450) | 47 | |
| 3843703740 | Marco Polo's travels to China | Period 3 (600CE-1450) | 48 | |
| 3843703741 | Yuan dynasty | Period 3 (600CE-1450) | 49 | |
| 3843703742 | Founding of the Ottoman dynasty | Period 3 (600CE-1450) | 50 | |
| 3843703743 | Life of Ibn Battuta | Period 3 (600CE-1450) | 51 | |
| 3843703744 | Founding of Tenochtitlan by the Mexica | Period 3 (600CE-1450) | 52 | |
| 3843703745 | Beginning of bubonic plague in China | Period 3 (600CE-1450) | 53 | |
| 3843703746 | Hundred years war | Period 3 (600CE-1450) | 54 | |
| 3843703747 | Beginnings of a bubonic plague in the Mediterranean world | Period 3 (600CE-1450) | 55 | |
| 3843703748 | Ming Dynasty | Period 3 (600CE-1450) | 56 | |
| 3843703749 | Kingdom of Congo | Period 3 (600CE-1450) | 57 | |
| 3843703750 | Zheng He's voyages in the Indian Ocean | Period 3 (600CE-1450) | 58 | |
| 3843703751 | Beginning of the Portuguese slave trade in Africa | Period 3 (600CE-1450) | 59 | |
| 3843703752 | Fall of the eastern Roman empire | Period 4 (1450-1750) | 60 | |
| 3843703753 | Empire of songhay | Period 4 (1450-1750) | 61 | |
| 3843703754 | The reconquest (Spain) | Period 4 (1450-1750) | 62 | |
| 3843703755 | First voyage of Christopher Columbus | Period 4 (1450-1750) | 63 | |
| 3843703756 | Treaty of tordesillas | Period 4 (1450-1750) | 64 | |
| 3843703757 | Vasco da Gama's voyage to India | Period 4 (1450-1750) | 65 | |
| 3843703758 | Beginning of the Protestant reformation | Period 4 (1450-1750) | 66 | |
| 3843703759 | Spanish conquest of Mexico | Period 4 (1450-1750) | 67 | |
| 3843703760 | Mughal dynasty (India) | Period 4 (1450-1750) | 68 | |
| 3843703761 | Spanish conquest of Peru | Period 4 (1450-1750) | 69 | |
| 3843703762 | Council of Trent (discussed church reform) | Period 4 (1450-1750) | 70 | |
| 3843703763 | Defeat of the Spanish Armada | Period 4 (1450-1750) | 71 | |
| 3843703764 | Tokugawa shogunate | Period 4 (1450-1750) | 72 | |
| 3843703765 | Beginning of the Romanov Dynasty of Russia | Period 4 (1450-1750) | 73 | |
| 3843703766 | Reign of Louis the 14th of France | Period 4 (1450-1750) | 74 | |
| 3843703767 | Qing dynasty | Period 4 (1450-1750) | 75 | |
| 3843703768 | Beginning's of the industrial revolution in England | Period 5 (1750-1900) | 76 | |
| 3843703769 | Seven years war | Period 5 (1750-1900) | 77 | |
| 3843703770 | Voyages of Captain James Cook in the Pacific ocean | Period 5 (1750-1900) | 78 | |
| 3843703771 | American revolution | Period 5 (1750-1900) | 79 | |
| 3843703772 | Founding of the first European colony in Australia | Period 5 (1750-1900) | 80 | |
| 3843703773 | French Revolution | Period 5 (1750-1900) | 81 | |
| 3843703774 | Haitian Revolution | Period 5 (1750-1900) | 82 | |
| 3843703775 | Rule of Napoleon | Period 5 (1750-1900) | 83 | |
| 3843703776 | Rule of Muhamad ali in eypgt | Period 5 (1750-1900) | 84 | |
| 3843703777 | End of British slave trade | Period 5 (1750-1900) | 85 | |
| 3843703778 | Independence wars in Latin America | Period 5 (1750-1900) | 86 | |
| 3843703779 | Congress of Vienna (decide what to do with france after captured napolean) | Period 5 (1750-1900) | 87 | |
| 3843703780 | Opium war in China | Period 5 (1750-1900) | 88 | |
| 3843703781 | Tanzimat era | Period 5 (1750-1900) | 89 | |
| 3843703782 | Publication of communist manifesto | Period 5 (1750-1900) | 90 | |
| 3843703783 | Taiping rebellion | Period 5 (1750-1900) | 91 | |
| 3843703784 | Mathew Perry's expedition to Tokyo | Period 5 (1750-1900) | 92 | |
| 3843703785 | Sepoy rebellion | Period 5 (1750-1900) | 93 | |
| 3843703786 | Abolition of serfdom in Russia | Period 5 (1750-1900) | 94 | |
| 3843703787 | Establishment of the Dominion of Canada | Period 5 (1750-1900) | 95 | |
| 3843703788 | US Civil War | Period 5 (1750-1900) | 96 | |
| 3843703789 | Abolished slavery in the United States | Period 5 (1750-1900) | 97 | |
| 3843703790 | Meji restoration | Period 5 (1750-1900) | 98 | |
| 3843703791 | Opening of the Suez Canal | Period 5 (1750-1900) | 99 | |
| 3843703991 | Unification of Italy | Period 5 (1750-1900) | 100 | |
| 3843703992 | Unification of Germany | Period 5 (1750-1900) | 101 | |
| 3843703993 | Berlin conference | Period 5 (1750-1900) | 102 | |
| 3843703994 | Abolished slavery in Brazil | Period 5 (1750-1900) | 103 | |
| 3843703995 | Spanish-American war | Period 5 (1750-1900) | 104 | |
| 3843703996 | Boer war | Period 5 (1750-1900) | 105 | |
| 3843703997 | Mexican Revolution | Period 6 (1900 until now) | 106 | |
| 3843703998 | Hitler's rise to power in Germany | Period 6 (1900 until now) | 107 | |
| 3843703999 | End of World War II | Period 6 (1900 until now) | 108 | |
| 3843704000 | Creation of Israel | Period 6 (1900 until now) | 109 | |
| 3843704001 | Division of Germany | Period 6 (1900 until now) | 110 | |
| 3843704002 | First of Stallins five-year plans | Period 6 (1900 until now) | 111 | |
| 3843704003 | Gulf war | Period 6 (1900 until now) | 112 | |
| 3843704004 | Iran Iraq war | Period 6 (1900 until now) | 113 | |
| 3843704005 | Arab-Israeli war | Period 6 (1900 until now) | 114 | |
| 3843704006 | Cuban Revolution | Period 6 (1900 until now) | 115 | |
| 3843704007 | Korean War | Period 6 (1900 until now) | 116 | |
| 3843704008 | Global economic crisis | Period 6 (1900 until now) | 117 | |
| 3843704009 | Terrorist attacks on the United States | Period 6 (1900 until now) | 118 | |
| 3843704010 | End of Cold War | Period 6 (1900 until now) | 119 | |
| 3843704011 | Fall of soviet union | Period 6 (1900 until now) | 120 |
AP World History Chapter 2 Flashcards
Study guides from Mr. Kienast's AP World class at Mcintosh High School.
Terms : Hide Images
| 2570131122 | Achaemenid Dynasty | First dynasty that united the Persian Empire; started by Cyrus. | 0 | |
| 2570131123 | Cyrus | liberator that expanded the Persian empire West, took over Assyrian empire and freed the people under Assyrian control (Hebrews) He also held his own slaves. | 1 | |
| 2570131124 | Cambyses | Cyrus's son, expanded the Persian empire East all the way to the Indus river. | 2 | |
| 2570131125 | Darius I | most famous for starting the wars against the Greeks (Persian War) | 3 | |
| 2570131126 | Xerxes | son of Darius, faught in wars against the Spartans and Greeks; ended up weakening the Persian empire. | 4 | |
| 2570131127 | Satrapy | sections/ regions in which areas of the Persian empire were separated (like states and provinces) | 5 | |
| 2570131128 | Satrap | leader of each satrapy (like a governor) | 6 | |
| 2570131129 | Zoroastrianism | religion of the people of the Persian empire | 7 | |
| 2570131132 | Archaic Period | Greek period from the end of the dark ages to the beginning of the Persian Wars. | 8 | |
| 2570131133 | Classic Period | Greek period from the end of the Persian wars to Alexander the Great. | 9 | |
| 2570131134 | Polis | Greek city-states. | 10 | |
| 2570131135 | Helots | servants who were "bound" to the land, but one step above slaves. Also called serfs | 11 | |
| 2570131140 | Parthenon | ancient temple on the Athenian Acropolis, dedicated to the Greek goddess, Athena. | 12 | |
| 2570131141 | Sophists | great believers in not accepting true fact. | 13 | |
| 2570131142 | Socrates | famous teacher/philosopher who "dyed" for his principles; taught his students to question authority; was put to jail and was killed by his choice of not wanting to stop teaching. | 14 | |
| 2570131143 | Plato | student of Socrates, wrote the political science book, "the Republic" | 15 | |
| 2570131144 | Aristotle | philosopher who wrote "Politics" | 16 | |
| 2570131149 | Marathon | greek city-state where Pheidippides ran to tell the victories to Athens. | 17 | |
| 2570131150 | Pheidippides | messenger who tells Athens about the victories in Marathon | 18 | |
| 2570131151 | Thermopylae | known for the battle that took place here between the Greek forces including 300 Spartans and the Persian forces. | 19 | |
| 2570131153 | Salamis and Platea | 2 final battles of the Persians | 20 | |
| 2570131154 | Peloponnesian War | massive war between Greek city states; Sparta won; all Greek city states were destroyed. | 21 | |
| 2570131155 | Delian League | alliance formed by Athens and other city-states to fight off Persia by joining military forces. | 22 | |
| 2570131156 | Hellenistic culture | Greek culture blended with Egyptian, Persian and Indian ideas, as a result of Alexander the Great's Empire | 23 | |
| 2570131158 | Aeneas | Romans believed they were descended from him. | 24 | |
| 2570131159 | Romulus and Remus | ancient story of twins who were raised by wolves; established Rome and it was named after them. | 25 | |
| 2570131160 | Patricians | upper-class elite Romans, only people who were allowed to be a government official. | 26 | |
| 2570131161 | Plebeians | lower-class non aristocratic Romans. | 27 | |
| 2570131162 | Pompeii | city in Italy that was destroyed by Mt. Vesuvius in 79 CE | 28 | |
| 2570131164 | Greco-Roman culture | influenced by language, culture, government, and religion of the ancient Greeks and Romans. | 29 | |
| 2570131165 | Gravitas | set of life philosophies involving discipline, strength, loyalty, logic, and empirical evidence. | 30 | |
| 2570131168 | Elysium | conception of the afterlife that evolved over time and was maintained by certain Greek religious sects and cults. | 31 | |
| 2570131169 | Coliseum | largest amphitheater of its time; gladiator matches were held here. | 32 | |
| 2570131170 | Circus Maximus | a Roman outdoor arena in which public games, such as chariot races, were held | 33 | |
| 2570131171 | Pantheon | monument built to the Roman gods with an enormous dome on top. | 34 | |
| 2570131172 | Forum | public square of an ancient Roman city; public place for open discussion; court of law | 35 | |
| 2570131173 | Aqueduct | a pipeline or channel built to carry water to populated areas | 36 | |
| 2570131174 | Consul | one of two elected officials of the Roman Republic who commanded the army and were supreme judges | 37 | |
| 2570131175 | Praetor | people in charge of civil law; fairly powerful. | 38 | |
| 2570131176 | Assembly of Centuries | made laws for Rome and selected the consuls. | 39 | |
| 2570131177 | Roman Senate | controlled finances and money, advised the consuls; do not have the right to pass laws. | 40 | |
| 2570131178 | Assembly of Tribes | the roman legislative branch, body of plebeians who elected the tribunes, | 41 | |
| 2570131179 | Punic Wars | fought against Carthage(neighboring empire to Rome); Rome won and received some land that was Carthage's and expanded the Roman empire. | 42 | |
| 2570131180 | First Triumvirate | Pompey, Crassus, Caesar | 43 | |
| 2570131181 | Idles of March | superstitious day for Romans | 44 | |
| 2570131182 | Marcus Brutus and Gaius Cassius | killed Caesar in 44 BCE | 45 | |
| 2570131183 | Second Triumvirate | Octavian (Augustas Caesar), Marc Antony, Marcus Lepidus | 46 | |
| 2570131184 | Augustus Caesar | the first emperor of Rome; created peace in the Roman empire and kept it prospering. | 47 | |
| 2570131185 | Pax Romana | era of peace in Roman empire | 48 | |
| 2570131186 | Julian Emperors | horrible leaders related to Julias Caesar; Caligula, Nero | 49 | |
| 2570131188 | Jesus of Nazareth | prophet and teacher among the Jews; believed by Christians to be the Messiah | 50 | |
| 2570131190 | Crucifixion | a type of execution in which a person is nailed to a cross and left to die | 51 | |
| 2570131191 | Christ | a title given to Jesus that means "anointed one" | 52 | |
| 2570131192 | Vatican | the headquarters of the Roman Catholic church in Rome, Italy | 53 | |
| 2570131193 | Mithraism | A Hellenistic mystery religion that appealed to soldiers and involved the worship of the god Mithra | 54 | |
| 2570131194 | Saturnalia | December 17-23; Saturn - God of agriculture; Gift giving; feasting; a slave would be chosen to be master of the day | 55 | |
| 2570131195 | Constantine | Emperor of Rome who adopted the Christian faith and stopped the persecution of Christians (280-337) | 56 | |
| 2570131196 | Edict of Milan | a ruling by Constantine that allowed Christians to openly practice their faith in the Roman empire. | 57 | |
| 2570131197 | Council of Nicaea | The first gathering of Christian Bishops to try to find a clearly defined doctrine, set up by Emperor Constantine | 58 | |
| 2570131198 | Time of the Warring States | a period in which China was divided into several provinces, and they were all at war with eachother | 59 | |
| 2570131199 | Shi Huangdi | creator of the Chinese Empire (r. 221-210 B.C.E.). He is remembered for his ruthlss conquests of rival states and standardization | 60 | |
| 2570131200 | Wudi | Chinese emperor who brought the Han dynasty to its greatest strength | 61 | |
| 2570131201 | Xiongnu | nomads who terrorized the border and were defeated by Wudi. Lived in the steppes or grasslands north of China. Were the biggest threat to security. | 62 | |
| 2570131202 | Hegemony | the domination of one state over its allies | 63 | |
| 2570131203 | Chang'an | City in the Wei Valley in eastern China. It became the capital of the Zhou kingdom and the Qin and early Han Empires. Its main features were imitated in the cities and towns that sprang up throughout the Han Empire | 64 | |
| 2570131204 | Luoyang | the capital of the Eastern Zhou dynasty | 65 | |
| 2570131205 | Indo-European | A family of languages consisting of most of the languages of Europe as well as those of Iran, the Indian subcontinent, and other parts of Asia | 66 | |
| 2570131206 | Vedic Age | A period in the history of India; It was a period of transition from nomadic pastoralism to settled village communities, with cattle the major form of wealth | 67 | |
| 2570131207 | Varna | a basic subdivision of humanity in the Hindu caste system | 68 | |
| 2570131208 | Caste System | A Hindu social class system that controlled every aspect of daily life | 69 | |
| 2570131209 | Brahmins | Hindu priests at the top of the caste system. | 70 | |
| 2570131210 | Kshatriyas | second level of the varnas in the Hindu caste system; WARRIORS | 71 | |
| 2570131211 | Vaishyas | The artisan and merchant varna of the caste system; 3rd level of the caste system | 72 | |
| 2570131212 | Shudras | fourth caste of laborers, craftworkers and servants in the Indian caste system | 73 | |
| 2570131213 | Pariahs | the name of the group of people outside the caste system; they were the contained the outcasts of society and untouchables, were not considered a part of Indian society or the caste system | 74 | |
| 2570131214 | Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva | three parts of the Trimurti (holy trinity) | 75 | |
| 2570131215 | Brahman Nerguna | the Hindu's god with no attributes. Hindus want to reach this universal spirit. | 76 | |
| 2570131216 | Athman | He was Muhammad's son-in-law. Spread Islam into Afghanistan and the eastern Mediterranean. Organized the Navy, improved the government, and built more roads, bridges and canals. Distributed text of the Quran. | 77 | |
| 2570131217 | Karma | the force generated by a person's actions that determines how the person will be reborn in the next life | 78 | |
| 2570131218 | Bhagavad Gita | The most important work of Indian sacred literature, a dialogue between the great warrior Arjuna and the god Krishna on duty and the fate of the spirit. | 79 | |
| 2570131219 | The Upanishads | sacred scriptures containing Hinduism's core teachings | 80 | |
| 2570131220 | Ramayana | A Hindu epic written in Sanskrit that describes the adventures of the king Rama and his queen | 81 | |
| 2570131221 | Mahabharata | A Hindu epic written in Sanskrit that deals with many episodes with the struggle between 2 rival families; longest epic in the WORLD. | 82 | |
| 2570131222 | Dharma | in Hinduism, the duties and obligations of each caste | 83 | |
| 2570131223 | Siddharta Gautama | the founder of the Buddist religion,he was known as Buddha or "the enlightened one" | 84 | |
| 2570131224 | Great Renunciation | when Budda left his life of riches in search of spiritual happiness and a sense of meaning. | 85 | |
| 2570131225 | The Enlightenment | movement away from religion and toward science | 86 | |
| 2570131226 | Four Noble Truths | 1) All life is full of suffering, pain, and sorrow. 2) The cause of suffering is nonvirtue, or negative deeds and mindsets such as hated and desire. 3) The only cure for suffering is to overcome nonvirture. 4) The way to overcome nonvirtue is to follow the Eightfold Path | 87 | |
| 2570131227 | The Eightfold Path | The path that all Buddhists want to follow; not too much pleasure, and not too much suffering. | 88 | |
| 2570131228 | Nirvana | the lasting peace that Buddhists seek by giving up selfish desires | 89 | |
| 2570131229 | Jainism | religion founded in the 6th century BC as a revolt against Hinduism | 90 | |
| 2570131230 | Mahavira | He established Jainism in the 500s; He emphasized meditation, self-denial and non-violence to all living things. | 91 | |
| 2570131231 | Stupa | a dome-shaped structure that serves as a Buddhist shrine | 92 | |
| 2570131232 | Buddhist Pillars | ... | 93 | |
| 2570131233 | Rock Chamber | Buddhist religious building developed by Asoka, carved from cliffs for monks to live and meditate in | 94 | |
| 2570131234 | Chandragupta Maurya | He founded India's first empire (Mauryan Empire.) He was an Indian prince who conquered a large area in the Ganges River valley soon after Alexander invaded western India. | 95 | |
| 2570131235 | Pataliputra | The captial of both Muryan and Gupta empires | 96 | |
| 2570131236 | Kautilya | Political advisor to Chandragupta Maurya; one of the authors of Arthashastra; believed in scientific application of warfare. | 97 | |
| 2570131237 | Arthashastra | political treatise written during the reign of Chandragupta Maurya; advocated the use of all tactics in scientific conduct of warfare. | 98 | |
| 2570131238 | Ashoka | a ruler of the Mauryan Empire who converted to Buddhism | 99 | |
| 2570131239 | Kushan Kingdom | Time of war, but also benefited off trade that passed through their lands between the Silk road | 100 | |
| 2570131240 | Chandra Gupta | founder of the Gupta empire, he forged alliances with powerful families in the Ganges Region and established a dynamic kingdom about the year 320 C.E. | 101 | |
| 2570131241 | Theravada | one of two great schools of Buddhist doctrine emphasizing personal salvation through your own efforts | 102 | |
| 2570131242 | Mahayana | one of two great schools of Buddhist doctrine emphasizing a common search for universal salvation especially through faith alone | 103 | |
| 2570131243 | Vajrayana | The Vehicle of the Diamond. Named for the vajra, the Buddha's diamond scepter; prevalent form of Buddhism in Tibet; emphasizes the harnessing of sensual energies to attain nirvana. | 104 | |
| 2570131244 | Samarkand | city in southern Uzbekistan, under the rule of timur lenk, the city of samarkan became the most infulential city, town of wealthy trade, crafts, and beautiful actutecture | 105 | |
| 2570131245 | Bukhara | city in Uzbekistan with an oasis on the Silk Road; former capital of Muslim dynasty | 106 | |
| 2570131246 | Parthians | Iranian ruling dynasty between ca. 250 B.C.E. and 226 C.E.; first empire to foster the silk road. | 107 | |
| 2570131247 | Classical Africa | ... | 108 | |
| 2570131248 | Sahel | a strip of dry grasslands on the southern border of the Sahara; also known as "the shore of the desert" | 109 | |
| 2570131249 | Differentiation | a discrimination between things as different and distinct | 110 | |
| 2570131250 | Diffusion | the spread of social institutions (and myths and skills) from one society to another | 111 | |
| 2570131251 | Bantu Migrations | farmers and herders who migrated south and spread language and skills-1000BC - 1000AD | 112 |
AP World History Dates Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 2452546816 | 8000 BCE | beginnings of agriculture | 0 | |
| 2452548789 | 3000 BCE | beginnings of Bronze Age- early civilizations | 1 | |
| 2452549719 | 1700's BCE | Hammurabi Code | 2 | |
| 2452551169 | 1500 BCE | early alphabetic script/Beginnings of Hinduism in India | 3 | |
| 2452553477 | 1300 BCE | Iron age | 4 | |
| 2452555220 | 900 BCE- 600 BCE | Assyrian Empire | 5 | |
| 2452556233 | 500 BCE | life of Buddha, Confucius, Lao Tsu (beginning of Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism) | 6 | |
| 2452587189 | 500 - 44BCE | Roman republic | 7 | |
| 2459026986 | 400 BCE | Greek Golden age | 8 | |
| 2459027259 | 323 BCE | Alexander the Great | 9 | |
| 2459027629 | 221 BCE | Qin unified China | 10 | |
| 2459030689 | 32 CE | Beginnings of Christianity | 11 | |
| 2459031267 | 180 CE | end of Pax Romana | 12 | |
| 2459031992 | 220 CE | End of Han dynasty | 13 | |
| 2459040620 | 333 CE | Roman capital moved to Constantinople | 14 | |
| 2459041527 | 400 CE | Beginning of Trans Saharan Trade routes | 15 | |
| 2459041844 | 476 CE | Fall of Rome | 16 | |
| 2459042244 | 476 CE - 1000ish CE | The Dark Ages/Medieval Period | 17 | |
| 2459043472 | 527 CE | Justinian rule of Byzantine empire | 18 | |
| 2459043812 | 589-618 CE | Sui Dynasty and return of centralizes rule to China | 19 | |
| 2459044390 | 632 CE | rise of Islam | 20 | |
| 2459044957 | 732 CE | Battle of Tours (end of Muslim move into France) | 21 | |
| 2459045313 | 750-1250 CE | Tang and Song Dynasty oversee China's "Economic and Commercial Revolution" | 22 | |
| 2566836670 | 750-1258 | Abbasid Dynasty (Islamic golden age/capital of Baghdad) | 23 | |
| 2566838426 | 790-1100 | Rise of Vikings | 24 | |
| 2566838982 | 800 | Charlemagne's Coronation | 25 | |
| 2566839331 | 1054 | schism in Christian church | 26 | |
| 2566839891 | 1066 | Norman Conquest of England | 27 | |
| 2566840461 | 1071 | Battle of Manzikert (Seljuk Turks defeat Byz) | 28 | |
| 2566841020 | 1095 | 1st crusade | 29 | |
| 2566841654 | 1215 | Magna Carta Signed | 30 | |
| 2566842211 | 1258 | Mongols sack Baghdad | 31 | |
| 2566846052 | 1271-1295 | marco polo travels | 32 | |
| 2566860547 | 1324 | Mansa Musa's pilgrimage | 33 | |
| 2566861175 | 1325-1349 | travels of Ibn Battutta | 34 | |
| 2566862017 | 1347-1348 | Bubonic plague in Europe | 35 | |
| 2566863337 | 1400 | Renaissance begins | 36 | |
| 2566870341 | 1433 | end of Zheng He's voyages/Rise of Ottomans | 37 | |
| 2566872157 | 1453 | Ottomans capture Constantinople | 38 | |
| 2566874051 | 1488 | Dias rounded Cape of Good hope | 39 | |
| 2566874854 | 1492 | Columbus sailed the ocean blue/ Reconquista of Spain | 40 | |
| 2566874855 | 1494 | treaty of Tordesillas and division of new world | 41 | |
| 2566875757 | 1502 | slaves to America | 42 | |
| 2566876421 | 1517 | Martin Luther/ 95 theses | 43 | |
| 2566877127 | 1521 | Cortez conquered the Aztecs | 44 | |
| 2566878196 | 1533 | Pizarro toppled the Inca | 45 | |
| 2566880527 | 1571 | Battle of Lepanto (naval defeat of Ottomans) | 46 | |
| 2566880860 | 1588 | defeat of Spanish Armada | 47 | |
| 2566881258 | 1600 | beginning of Tokugawa Shogunate in Japan | 48 | |
| 2566881839 | 1607 | foundation of Jamestown | 49 | |
| 2566882530 | 1618-1648 | 30 years war | 50 | |
| 2566884460 | 1633 | Japans closed door policy begins | 51 | |
| 2566884887 | 1650 | Age of Enlightenment/reason in Europe | 52 | |
| 2566885555 | 1750 | Industrial Revolution begins in England | 53 | |
| 2566885556 | 1789 | French Revolution | 54 | |
| 2566887328 | 1821 | Mexican Independence (NOT revolution) | 55 | |
| 2566887329 | 1823 | Monroe Doctrine | 56 | |
| 2566887334 | 1839-1842 | Opium War in China | 57 | |
| 2566888139 | 1853 | Commodore Perry/USA open Japan | 58 | |
| 2566890576 | 1861 | Serfdom abolished in Russia | 59 | |
| 2566892480 | 1871 | Germany unifies under Bismarck | 60 | |
| 2566895054 | 1885 | Berlin Conference- Imperialism and the "scramble for Africa" | 61 | |
| 2566895714 | 1910-1920 | Mexican Revolution | 62 | |
| 2566896139 | 1914-1918 | WWI | 63 | |
| 2566896140 | 1917 | Russian Revolution | 64 | |
| 2566896693 | 1939-1945 | WWII | 65 | |
| 2566896694 | 1947 | Truman Doctrine/Cold war begins, India Pakistan partition | 66 | |
| 2566899471 | 1948 | Israel Founded/Gandhi assassinated | 67 | |
| 2566900118 | 1949 | People's republic of China Established | 68 | |
| 2566900779 | 1962 | Cuban missile crisis | 69 | |
| 2566903442 | 1979 | Iranian revolution (rise of Islamism, jihad) | 70 | |
| 2566903443 | 1989 | Tiananmen square/fall of Berlin Wall | 71 | |
| 2566904083 | 2001 | 9/11 attacks | 72 |
AP History: World War 1 Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 6531584820 | Entangling Alliances | countries felt very loyal to alliances, so when one country had a conflict with another, it led to allied countries having conflicts with other allied countries | 0 | |
| 6531584821 | Militarism | glorification of the military, brickmanship | 1 | |
| 6531584822 | Nationalism | the way to prove that your country was the best was through war, many nation-states also sought independence | 2 | |
| 6531584823 | Imperialism | imperialized territories enter the war with their european country to make it a full world war, many european countries also sought more expansion | 3 | |
| 6531584824 | Pan-Slavism | a movement which crystallised in the mid-19th century, aimed at unity of all the Slavic peoples. Its main impact occurred in the Balkans, where non-Slavic empires - the Byzantine Empire, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, and Venice - had ruled the South Slavs for centuries. | 4 | |
| 6531584825 | Triple Alliance | Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy | 5 | |
| 6531584826 | Triple Entente | Britain, France, and Russia | 6 | |
| 6531584827 | Sarajevo | where Archduke and wife were killed by Serbs | 7 | |
| 6531584828 | U-Boats | German submarines; a new weapon of the war; convoys were used to stop them | 8 | |
| 6531584829 | Lusitania | British passenger boat with 128 Americans on board sunk by German U-Boats. It also secretly had ammunition in the hold; one of the reasons the US joins the war | 9 | |
| 6531584830 | Schlieffen Plan | Germany couldn't fight two front war so they would defeat weaker France first and then mobilize troops to Russia | 10 | |
| 6531584831 | Central Powers | Austria-Hungary, Germany, Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire | 11 | |
| 6531584832 | Otto von Bismarck | A master of alliances and counter-alliances. Made an alliance with Austria-Hungary. William ii let him go because he wanted full power of Germany. | 12 | |
| 6531584833 | Kaiser Wilhelm I | King of Prussia and the first German Emperor | 13 | |
| 6531584834 | Kaiser Wilhelm II | he last German Emperor and King of Prussia, ruling the German Empire and the Kingdom of Prussia | 14 | |
| 6531584835 | John "Black Jack" Pershing | general in the United States Army who led the American Expeditionary Forces to victory over Germany in World War I | 15 | |
| 6531584836 | Sgt. Alvin York | was one of the most decorated soldiers of the United States Army in World War I. | 16 | |
| 6531584837 | Eddie Rickenbacker | an American fighter ace in World War I and Medal of Honor recipient. With 26 aerial victories, he was America's most successful fighter ace in the war | 17 | |
| 6531584838 | Franz Ferdinand | Whose assassination in Sarajevo set in motion the events that started WWI Arch Duke and heir to the Austria-Hungarian throne . | 18 | |
| 6531584839 | Manfred von RIchthoffen | also widely known as the Red Baron, was a German fighter pilot with the Imperial German Army Air Service during the First World War | 19 | |
| 6531584840 | Erich von Ludendorff | a German general, the victor of the Battle of Liège and the Battle of Tannenberg | 20 | |
| 6531584841 | William Sims | an admiral in the United States Navy who commanded all United States naval forces operating in Europe | 21 | |
| 6531584842 | Winston Churchill | a British statesman who was the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom | 22 | |
| 6531584843 | trench warfare | a type of combat in which opposing troops fight from trenches facing each other. | 23 | |
| 6531584844 | allies | one side of WW1, included Britain, The U.S., France, Italy, and Russia | 24 | |
| 6531584845 | no mans land | territory between rival Trenches, neither side could use it | 25 | |
| 6531584846 | machine gun | a defensive weapon that changed war forever. Lead to trench warfare, and made it hard for armies to progress. | 26 | |
| 6531584847 | dogfights | plane fights | 27 | |
| 6531584848 | Zimmerman Note | 1917 A telegram Germany Sent to Mexico. Saying if Mexico joins Central Powers then you will regain the lands lost to Americans. | 28 | |
| 6531584849 | Sussex | Sussex was a cross-English Channel passenger ferry, built in 1896 for the London, Brighton and South Coast Railway | 29 | |
| 6531584850 | David Lloyd George | was a liberal British statesman who became prime minister during World War I | 30 | |
| 6531584851 | Woodrow Wilson | he 28th U.S. president, served in office from 1913 to 1921 and led America through World War I; fought for democracy and peace | 31 | |
| 6531584852 | Georges Clemenceau | statesman and journalist who was a dominant figure in the French Third Republic and a premier | 32 | |
| 6531584853 | Vittorio Orlando | Italian statesman and prime minister during the concluding years of World War I and head of his country's delegation to the Versailles Peace Conference. | 33 | |
| 6531584854 | Herbert Hoover | helped "Hooverize" | 34 | |
| 6531584855 | Eugene V. Debs | arrested because of E/S Act | 35 | |
| 6531584856 | Marshal Foch | a French general and Marshal of France, Great Britain and Poland, a military theorist and the Allied Supreme Allied Commander during the final year of the First World War | 36 | |
| 6531584857 | League of Nations | an international organization, headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, created after the First World War to provide a forum for resolving international disputes. | 37 | |
| 6531584858 | Versailles Treaty | Germany and the Allied Nations (including Britain, France, Italy and Russia) signed the Treaty of Versailles, formally ending the war | 38 | |
| 6531584859 | Espionage and Sedition Acts | E: gave postal officials the authority to ban newspapers and magazines from the mails and threatened individuals convicted of obstructing the draft S: made it a federal offense to use "disloyal, profane, scurrilous, or abusive language" about the Constitution, the government, the American uniform, or the flag | 39 |
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