AP World History 2 Chapter 13 Terms Flashcards
The terms and definitions for the vocabulary terms in Ways of the World: Chapter 14.
Terms : Hide Images
| 6165767973 | Zunghars | Western Mongol group that created a substantial state (1671-1760); the Zunghar threat provoked Qing expansion into Central Asia. | 0 | |
| 6165767974 | yasak | Tribute that Russian rulers demanded from the native peoples of Siberia, most often in the form of furs. | 1 | |
| 6165767975 | Siberia | Russia's great frontier region, a vast territory of what is now central and eastern Russia, most of it unsuited to agriculture but rich in mineral resources and fur-bearing animals. | 2 | |
| 6165767976 | settler colonies | Colonies in which the colonized people settled in large numbers, rather than simply sending relatively small numbers to exploit the region; particularly noteworthy in the case of the British colonies in North America. | 3 | |
| 6165767977 | Qing dynasty | Ruling dynasty of China from 1644 to 1912; the Qing rulers were originally from Manchuria, which had conquered China. | 4 | |
| 6165767978 | plantation complex | Agricultural system based on African slavery that was used in Brazil, the Caribbean, and the southern colonies of North America. | 5 | |
| 6165767979 | peninsulares | In the Spanish colonies of Latin America, the term used to refer to people who had been born in Spain; they claimed superiority over Spaniards born in the Americas. | 6 | |
| 6165767980 | Ottoman Empire | Major Islamic state centered on Anatolia that came to include the Balkans, the Near East, and much of North Africa. | 7 | |
| 6165767981 | mulattoes | Term commonly used for people of mixed African and European blood. | 8 | |
| 6165767982 | Mughal Empire | One of the most successful empires of India, a state founded by Muslim Turks who invaded India in 1526; their rule was noted for efforts to create partnerships between Hindus and Muslims. | 9 | |
| 6165767983 | mestizo | Literally, "mixed"; a term used to describe the mixed-race population of Spanish colonial societies in the Americas. | 10 | |
| 6165767984 | mercantilism | An economic theory that argues that governments best serve their states' economic interests by encouraging exports and accumulating bullion. | 11 | |
| 6165767985 | jizya | Special tax levied on non-Muslims in Islamic states; the Mughal Empire was notable for abolishing the jizya for a time. | 12 | |
| 6165767986 | the "great dying" | Term used to describe the devastating demographic impact of European-borne epidemic diseases on the Americas. | 13 | |
| 6165767987 | fixed winds | The prevailing winds of the Atlantic, which blow steadily in the same direction; an understanding of these winds made European exploration and colonization of the Americas possible. | 14 | |
| 6165767988 | devshirme | The tribute of boy children that the Ottoman Turks levied from their Christian subjects in the Balkans; the Ottomans raised the boys for service in the civil administration or in the elite Janissary infantry corps. | 15 | |
| 6165767989 | creoles | Spaniards born in the Americas. | 16 | |
| 6165767990 | Constantinople, 1453 | Constantinople, the capital and almost the only outpost left of the Byzantine Empire, fell to the army of the Ottoman invaders in 1453, an event that marked the end of Christian Byzantium. | 17 | |
| 6165767991 | conquistadores | Spanish conquerers of the Native American lands, most notably the Aztec and Inca empires. | 18 | |
| 6165767992 | Columbian exchange | The massive transatlantic interaction and exchange between the Americas and Afro-Eurasia that began in the period of European exploration and colonization. | 19 | |
| 6165767993 | Aurangzeb | Mughal emperor (r. 1658-1707) who reversed his predecessors' policies of religious tolerance and attempted to impose Islamic supremacy. | 20 | |
| 6165767994 | Akbar | The most famous emperor of India's Mughal Empire (r. 1556-1605); his policies are noted for their efforts at religious tolerance and inclusion. | 21 |
Flashcards
Flashcards
AP World History Chapter 9 Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 2380441190 | Ashoka Mauyra | Chandragupta's grandson, best known emperor of Mauryan dynasty, reigned 268-232 B.C.E.; conquered the kingdom of Kalinga through a bloody campaign in 260 B.C.E. Converted to Buddhism and sponsored the new religion throughout his empire. His rule represented the highest point of the Mauryan empire in terms of territory and central administration. | 0 | |
| 2380441191 | Chandra Gupta | Founder of the Gupta empire who rose to power in Magadha about 320 C.E. (Note: He was not related to Chandragupta Maurya, the founder of Mauryan empire) | 1 | |
| 2380441435 | Chandragupta Mauyra | King of the state of Magadha and founder of the Mauryan empire. Rose to power in north India after Alexander's army withdrew from the region. Tradition holds that he abdicated his throne for an existence so ascetic that he starved himself to death. | 2 | |
| 2380441436 | Faxian | Chinese Buddhist monk who traveled widely in India searching for texts of the Buddhist scriptures during the reign of Chandra Gupta II (reigned 375-415 C.E.). His accounts left valuable records for the reconstruction of Indian history. | 3 | |
| 2380441690 | Kautayla | Advisor or minister of Chandragupta's government who devised administrative procedures and diplomatic strategies for the Mauryan empire. Some of his advice and ideas survived in the political handbook known as the Arthashastra. | 4 | |
| 2380441691 | Megasthenes | Greek ambassador who lived in India during late 4th and early 3rd centuries B.C.E. Wrote a book, Indika, which portrayed India as a wealthy land that supported a distinctive society with well-established cultural traditions. | 5 | |
| 2380441953 | Siddhartha Gautama | Founder of Buddhism; born to a kshatriya family about 563 B.C.E.; sought enlightenment through intense meditation and extreme asceticism, and received enlightenment under a bo tree; taught that enlightenment could be achieved only by abandoning desires for all earthly things. | 6 | |
| 2380442464 | Vardhamana Mahavira | The great teacher of Jainism, born in northern India about 540 B.C.E. to a prominent kshatriya family; taught an ascetic doctrine of detachment from the world and formed a monastic order to perpetuate and spread his message. His disciples referred to him as Jina, "the conqueror," and referred to themselves as Jains. | 7 | |
| 2380442705 | Ahimsa | Jainist principle, meaning nonviolence toward other living things or their souls. To observe this principle, devout Jainist monks went to extremes to avoid harming the millions of souls they encountered each day. | 8 | |
| 2380442958 | Arthashastra | Political handbook containing Kautalya's and others' advice to the Gupta dynasty regarding principles of government. It outlined methods of administering the empire, overseeing trade and agriculture, collecting taxes, maintaining order, conducting foreign relations, waging war, and obtaining information through spies. | 9 | |
| 2380442959 | Bhagavad Gita | "Song of the Lord," a short poetic work of India, also an episode of the Mahabharata. The work contained a dialogue between a warrior and the god Vishnu, which clearly illustrated both the expectations and promise of Hinduism for its believers. | 10 | |
| 2380443285 | Boddhisatva | "The enlightened being," a Buddhist concept referring to individuals who had reached spiritual perfection and merited the reward of nirvana but who intentionally delayed their entry into nirvana in order to help others who were still struggling; a notion articulated by Mahayana Buddhist theologians between the 3rd and 1st century C.E. | 11 | |
| 2380443286 | Bodh Gaya | One of the holy sites of Buddhism, a place where Gautama received enlightenment under a bo tree. | 12 | |
| 2380443475 | Buddha | "The enlightened one," a title referring to Siddhartha Gautama, the creator of Buddhism. | 13 | |
| 2380443476 | Buddhism | One of the world religions originating in India during the 6th century B.C.E.; founded by Siddhartha Gautama, the Buddha. Its fundamental doctrine was based on the Four Noble Truths taught by the Buddha. The religious goal was to achieve personal salvation called nirvana, a state of perfect spiritual independence. To achieve this goal, Buddhism stressed reducing desires for material goods and other worldly attractions. | 14 | |
| 2380443477 | Charvaka | Anti-religious sect of classical India which believed in atheistic materialism: The gods were figments of the imagination, brahmins were charlatans who enriched themselves by hoodwinking others, and human beings came from dust and returned to dust like any other animal in the natural world. This sect did not achieve long-lasting popularity. | 15 | |
| 2380443803 | Deer Park of Sarnath | One of the Buddhist holy sites where Buddha preached his first sermon in 528 B.C.E. | 16 | |
| 2380443804 | Dharma | Basic doctrine shared by Buddhists of all sects, including the teachings of the Four Noble Truths and the Noble Eightfold Path. | 17 | |
| 2380443805 | Gupta empire | The second Indian empire, founded by the Gupta family during the 4th century C.E. Extended to all but the southern regions of the Indian subcontinent. Less centralized than Mauryan empire. | 18 | |
| 2380444174 | Hinayana | Pejorative term for Theravada Buddhism; literally meant "the lesser vehicle," so called because of its strict adherence to the original Buddha's teachings and monastic life, which, by the later Mahayana standard, could only carry a few monks to salvation. In later centuries, Theravada Buddhism became popular in Ceylon, Burma, Thailand, and other parts of southeast Asia. | 19 | |
| 2380444175 | Hinduism | Most popular religion of salvation in India, drawing inspiration from the Vedas and Upanishads. Basic teachings included the four principal aims of human life: obedience to religious and moral laws (dharma); the pursuit of economic well-being and honest prosperity (artha); the enjoyment of social, physical, and sexual pleasure (kama); and the salvation of the soul (moksha). | 20 | |
| 2380444176 | Jainism | One of the most influential Indian religions; became popular beginning in the late 5th century B.C. Taught that everything possessed a soul and the practice of nonviolence toward other living things or their souls. Represented an alternative to the traditional cults of brahmins. | 21 | |
| 2380444394 | Kalinga | Indian kingdom located in the east-central part of the subcontinent (modern Orissa). Maintained hostility toward the Mauryan empire while controlling several principal trade routes of India. Lost its independence to emperor Ashoka Maurya after a bloody war in 260 B.C.E. | 22 | |
| 2380444395 | Magadha | Regional kingdom of India, located in the central portion of the Ganges plain. It developed into the Mauryan empire in 321 B.C.E. | 23 | |
| 2380445065 | Mahabharata and Ramayana | Two great Indian epics. Originally these were secular tales transmitted orally during the late years of the Vedic age (1500-500 B.C.E.). The Mahabharata dealt with a massive war over control of northern India between two groups of cousins; the Ramayana was originally a love and adventure story involving the trials faced by the legendary Prince Rama and his loyal wife Sita. Revised later by brahmin scholars to bear Hindu values. | 24 | |
| 2380445066 | Mahayana | One of two major subdividing trends in Buddhist belief. Believers in the Mahayana tradition shared with other Buddhists certain basic concepts in Buddhist doctrine, but articulated the notion of the boddhisatva, individuals who intentionally delayed their entry into nirvana to help others struggling to get there. Theologians in this tradition began to teach that boddhisatvas could perform good deeds on behalf of others, thus opening up the possibility of salvation to the masses. Mahayana literally meant "the greater vehicle," so called because it could carry more people to salvation. In later centuries, Mahayana Buddhism also became established in central Asia, China, Korea, and Japan. | 25 | |
| 2380446333 | Mauryan empire | First Indian empire, representing a temporary unification of India, lasting from 321 to 185 B.C.E.; unified almost the entire Indian subcontinent except the southernmost region. | 26 | |
| 2380446334 | Nalanda | Famous Buddhist monastery, founded during the Gupta dynasty in the Ganges River valley near Pataliputra. The monastery was an educational center which attracted many pilgrims and students from foreign lands to study with the most renowned masters of Buddhist doctrine. | 27 | |
| 2380446335 | Nirvana | Religious goal of Buddhism, a state of perfect spiritual independence, an escape from the cycle of incarnation. | 28 | |
| 2380446671 | Pataliputra | Capital for both Mauryan and Gupta empires, the fortified city near modern Patina. | 29 | |
| 2380446672 | Stupas | Shrines housing relics of the Buddha and his first disciples; became the objects of pilgrim worship of Buddhists. | 30 | |
| 2380447273 | "Turning of the Wheel of the Law" | A term used by early Buddhists to refer to the first sermon by the Buddha at the Deer Park of Sarnath about 528 B.C.E., so called because the sermon represented the beginning of the Buddha's quest to promulgate the law of righteousness. | 31 | |
| 2380447274 | White Huns | Nomadic people from central Asia, a branch of the Xiongnu; occupied Bactria during the fourth century C.E. and crossed the Hindu Kush mountains into India. Their invasions of India seriously weakened the Gupta empire. | 32 |
Flashcards
World history ap Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 2806730187 | Pangaea | The hypothetical landmass that existed when all continents were joined, from about 300 to 200 million years ago. | 0 | |
| 2806730188 | Pantha lassa oceania | " universal sea" surrounding pangaea, word from lost pre-greek language. | 1 | |
| 2806730189 | Eurasia | Europe and asia considered together as one continent. | 2 | |
| 2806730190 | Africa | Continent south of europe and between the atlantic and indian oceans. | 3 | |
| 2806730191 | Antarctica | Continent surrounding the south pole. Covered in ice sheet. | 4 | |
| 2806730192 | Asia | Bounded by europe and the artic,pacifer, and indian ocean. | 5 | |
| 2806730193 | Europe | In the western part of the landmass lying between the atlantic and pacific ocean. | 6 | |
| 2806730194 | North america | Northern continent in the west hemisphere. | 7 | |
| 2806730195 | South america | South continent of the Western Hemisphere | 8 | |
| 2806730196 | Middle east | Area from libya to afghanistan | 9 | |
| 2806730197 | Siberia | Extensive region in the russian federation in north asia | 10 | |
| 2806730198 | The sahara | A desert in Africa extending from atlantic to the nile valley | 11 | |
| 2806730199 | The himalayas | A mountain range extending about 1500 miles along border between india and tibet | 12 | |
| 2806730200 | Artic ocean | Ocean surrounding the north pole and north of earth | 13 | |
| 2806730201 | Atlantic ocean | Ocean bounded by north america in the western hemisphere to europe and africa in the eastern hemisphere | 14 | |
| 2806730202 | Indian ocean | An ocean south of asia, west of australia | 15 | |
| 2806730203 | Pacific ocean | Ocean bordered by the american continents, asia, and australia, largest ocean in the world; divided by the equator into north and south pacific | 16 | |
| 2806730204 | Southern ocean | Another name for the antartic ocean | 17 | |
| 2806730205 | Mediterrean sea | Sea surrounded by africa, europe,and asia | 18 | |
| 2806730206 | Carribbean sea | Sea of the atlantic ocean located in the tropics of the western hemishpere | 19 | |
| 2806730207 | Panama isthmus | Also known as the isthmus od darien, narrow strip of land that lies between the carribbean sea and the pacific ocean | 20 | |
| 2806730208 | Panama canal | Ship canal in panama that connects the atlantic ocean to the pacific ocean | 21 | |
| 2806730209 | Suez isthmus | Strip of land that lies between the mediterranean sea and the red sea | 22 | |
| 2806730210 | Suez canal | Artifical sea- level waterway in egypt, connecting the meditteranean sea and the red sea | 23 | |
| 2806730211 | Nile river | North flowing river in africa, among worlds largest waterways famed for its ancient history | 24 | |
| 2806730212 | Tigris river | east member of the two great rivers that define mesopotamia | 25 | |
| 2806730213 | Euphrates river | West member of the two great rivers that define mesopotamia | 26 | |
| 2806730214 | Indus river | Also called sindu river is one of the longest rivers in asia | 27 | |
| 2806730215 | Ganges river | Trans boundary river of asia which flows through the nations of india and bangladesh | 28 | |
| 2806730216 | Yangtze river | Longest river in china | 29 | |
| 2806730217 | Yellow river | Third longest river in asia, sixth longest in the world | 30 | |
| 2806730218 | Mississippi - missouri system | 4th largest river system in the world | 31 | |
| 2806730219 | Amazon river | In south america is the largest river by discharge of water | 32 | |
| 2806730220 | Volga river | Longest river in europe | 33 | |
| 2806730221 | Danude river | Second longest river in europe | 34 | |
| 2806730222 | Rhine river | European river that begins in the swiss alps | 35 | |
| 2806730223 | Prehistory | Period of time before written records | 36 | |
| 2806730224 | History | Study of past events | 37 | |
| 2806730225 | Civilzation | Stage of human social development and organization that is considered most advanced | 38 | |
| 2806730226 | Australopithecines | Exinct genus of hominids | 39 | |
| 2806730227 | Homo erectus | Extinct species of hominin that lived throughtout most of the pleistoene | 40 | |
| 2806730228 | Homo sapien | Binomial nomenclature for the human species | 41 | |
| 2806730229 | Homo sapien sapien | Human | 42 | |
| 2806730230 | Paleolithic era | Began 2 to 2.5 million years ago. Old stone age | 43 | |
| 2806730231 | Neolithic era | Period in the development of human technology | 44 | |
| 2806730232 | Mesolithic era | Denoting the middle part of stone age, between the paleolithic and neolithic era | 45 | |
| 2806730233 | Family units | Originating source for how one interacts with others and heavily influences | 46 | |
| 2806730234 | Family clan | Group of people from common descents | 47 | |
| 2808440104 | Tribe | Distinct people dependent on their land for their livelihood | 48 | |
| 2808441987 | Hunting and gathering | A way of survival for some societies | 49 | |
| 2808443743 | Societies | Aggregate of people living together | 50 | |
| 2808445461 | Gender division of labor | Workers or groups of workers is assigned a special task | 51 | |
| 2808455450 | Neolithic revolution | Fundamental change in the way people lived | 52 | |
| 2808465591 | Pastoralism | Branch of agriculture concerned with raising of livestock | 53 | |
| 2808467538 | Agriculture | The science or practice of farming, including cultivation of the soil for the growing of crops and the rearing of animals to provide food, wool, and other products | 54 | |
| 2808474513 | Herding societies | Society that combines foraging with some agriculture | 55 | |
| 2808478530 | Metal working | The act or technique of making metal objects | 56 | |
| 2808480694 | Bronze Age writing | Earliest script and witnessed much evolution in society and life | 57 | |
| 2808487156 | Mesopotamia | Ancient region in west Asia between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, now part of Iraq | 58 | |
| 2808489332 | The Fertile Crescent | Crescent shaped region containing the moist and fertile land of otherwise arid and semi- arid western asia | 59 | |
| 2808521895 | Cuneiform | Composed of slim triangular or wedge-shaped elements, as the characters seed in writing by the ancient Akkadians, Assyrians, Babylonians, Persians, and others | 60 | |
| 2808530845 | Gilgamesh epic | Story written on clay tablets that is considered to be the earliest literary work | 61 | |
| 2808542551 | Hammurabi's law code | One of several sets of laws in the ancient near east | 62 | |
| 2808548139 | Egypt | Ancient kingdom in northeast Africa divided into Nile delta and from Cairo to sudan | 63 | |
| 2808555558 | Egyptians book of the dead pyramids | Also known as the great pyramid of Giza, the book is an ancient funeral text | 64 | |
| 2808575315 | Hieroglyphics | Designating or pertaining to a pictographic script particularly that of ancient Egyptians | 65 | |
| 2808586063 | Indus Valley civilization | The earliest traces of civilization in the Indian subcontinent are to be found in places along, or close to the Indus River | 66 | |
| 2808588793 | Yellow river | Third longest river in Asia following the Yangtze and yenisei | 67 | |
| 2808590347 | The Celts | A group of people that occupied lands stretching from British isles to Galatia | 68 | |
| 2808592428 | The Hittites | Ancient Anatolian people who established an empire centered on hattusa around 1600 bc | 69 | |
| 2808601381 | Iron weapons | A superior weapon such as a sword, or gun made of, or with trace of iron | 70 | |
| 2808603496 | The Assyrians | Rose to power in Mesopotamia. Was the upper part of the Tigris river valley | 71 | |
| 2808605448 | Calvary warfare | Highly mobile army unit using vehicular transportation, such as light amor | 72 | |
| 2808609879 | Persian empire | Any series of imperial dynasties centered in Persia (now Iran) | 73 | |
| 2808612102 | The Hebrews | People descended from Shem, one of Noah's sons, Eber, and Abraham | 74 | |
| 2808614977 | Monotheism | A belief that there is only one God | 75 | |
| 2808617053 | Phoenicians | A native or inhabitant Phoenicia | 76 | |
| 2808619897 | Alphabet | The letters of a language in their customary order | 77 | |
| 2808622812 | The Lydians | An inhabitant of Lydia | 78 | |
| 2808623958 | Coinage | The act, process, or right to making coins | 79 | |
| 2808626319 | Sparta | Ancient city in south greece | 80 | |
| 2808628744 | Athens | City and capital of greece | 81 | |
| 2808634550 | Democracy | Government by the people | 82 | |
| 2808642991 | Persian wars | Also called Greco-Persian wars, a series of wars fought by Greek states and Persia over a period of almost half a century | 83 | |
| 2808700606 | Peloponnesian war | Greek war fought by Athens and its empire against the Peloponnesian league led by Sparta | 84 | |
| 2808750111 | Alexander the great | Alexander the third of Macedon, was king of the Ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon and a member of the argead dynasty | 85 | |
| 2808770567 | Hellenism | Term generally used by historians to refer to the period from the death of Alexander the Great to cleopatra and the incorporation of Egypt in the Roman Empire | 86 | |
| 2808797176 | Homer | Ancient Greek epic poet who is believed to have written down the Iliad and the odyssey | 87 | |
| 2808802843 | Socrates | Philosopher who believed in an absolute right or wrong | 88 | |
| 2808804956 | Plato | Considered the greatest philosopher, student of Socrates, known for his ideas theory | 89 | |
| 2808809561 | Artistole | Prominent Greek philosopher, noted for his philosophically based thoughts of "science" | 90 | |
| 2808816258 | Foundation of western scientific thought | Foundation of inductive reasoning | 91 | |
| 2808817956 | Roman republic | Period of ancient roman civilization beginning with the overthrow of the roman kingdom, ending in 27bc with the establishment of the Roman Empire | 92 | |
| 2808830240 | Plebeians vs patricians | Plebeians were the lowest class, including everyone but the patricians. Patricians were the upper class, were wealthy land owners | 93 | |
| 2808834978 | Punic war | Series of three wars fought between Rome and Carthage from 264bc to 146 bc | 94 | |
| 2808838883 | Julius Caesar | Roman statesman, general and notable author of Latin Prose | 95 | |
| 2813877628 | Roman Empire | Post-republican of the ancient roman civilization, characterized by government headed by emperors and large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea, in Europe, Africa, and Asia | 96 | |
| 2813889970 | China's Qin dynasty | First imperial dynasty of China | 97 | |
| 2813891035 | Han dynasty | Second imperial dynasty of China in 206bc, considered golden age | 98 | |
| 2813896636 | Tang Dynasty | Formerly romanized as the t'ang dynasty, was imperial dynasty | 99 | |
| 2813904012 | Shi huangdi | Personal name was ying Zheng, was the king of the state of Qin who conquered all other warmings states and united China in 221bc | 100 | |
| 2813924419 | Chinese tributary system | Network of trade and foreign relationships between China and its tributaries that helped shape much of east Asia | 101 | |
| 2813939772 | Silk Road | Ancient network of trade and cultural transmission routes that were central of cultural interaction through regions of the Asian continent connecting the west and east by merchants from China and India to the Mediterranean Sea | 102 | |
| 2813947215 | Nara and Heian | (710-1185) the first permanent Japanese capital was established in Nara, a city modeled after the Chinese capital | 103 | |
| 2813958646 | Fujiwara clan | Descending from the nakatomi clan and through him, was a powerful family of regents in Japan. | 104 | |
| 2814005869 | Lady murasaki | Japanese novelist, poet and lady in waiting at the imperial court during the Heian period | 105 | |
| 2814035473 | The tale of genji | Written by lady murasaki between about 1000 to 1012 | 106 | |
| 2814037979 | Central asia | Core region of the Asian continent and stretches from Afghanistan in the south to Russia in the north | 107 | |
| 2814043275 | Mongolia | A nation bordered by China and Russia, is known for its vast, rugged expanses and its nomadic people | 108 | |
| 2814057341 | Aryan invasion of India | Denies the Indian origin of India's predominant culture | 109 | |
| 2814171484 | Dravidians | Are the speakers of the Dravidian languages in South Asia | 110 | |
| 2814174209 | Indian caste system | Historically one of the main dimensions where people in India are socially differentiated through class, religion, region, tribe, gender, and language | 111 | |
| 2814210667 | Ashoka | Also known as Ashoka Maurya, was an Indian emperor of the Maurya dynasty who ruled almost all of the Indian subcontinent | 112 | |
| 2814320390 | Constantinople | The city of roman and Byzantine, the Latin, and the ottoman empires | 113 | |
| 2814329170 | Byzantine empire | Or eastern Roman Empire, was the predominantly Greek-speaking | 114 | |
| 2814348599 | Justinian | Traditionally known as Justinian the Great and also saint Justinian the great in Eastern Orthodox Church was a Byzantine emperor from 527 to 565 | 115 | |
| 2814365627 | Dark ages | (Early medieval Europe) period of European history lasting from the 5th century to the 10th century | 116 | |
| 2814489752 | Feudalism | Dominant social system in medieval Europe, in which nobility held lands from the crown in exchange for military service | 117 | |
| 2814519296 | Charlemagne | Also known as Charles the great was king of the franks who United most of Western Europe during early Middle Ages, laid foundation for France and Germany | 118 | |
| 2814530209 | Mohammed | From Mecca, Unified Arabia into a single religion polity under Islam | 119 | |
| 2814537078 | Foundation of islam | Legacy of Mohammed | 120 | |
| 2814546241 | Bantu migration | Migrated from Western Africa southward and eastward spreading out across all of the southern half of the African continent | 121 | |
| 2814569991 | Nubia | Desert region and ancient kingdom in the Nile river valley of southern Egypt and northern Sudan | 122 | |
| 2814585993 | Ghana | A nation on west Africa's Gulf of Guinea, known for diverse wildlife, old forts and beaches | 123 | |
| 2814591036 | Olmec | First major civilization in Mexico following a progressive development in soconusco | 124 | |
| 2814613690 | The Maya | Was a mesoamerican civilization developed by the Mayan people | 125 | |
| 2814647634 | Andean society | Made up a looser patchwork of different cultures that developed from the highlands of Columbia to the atacama desert | 126 | |
| 2814660999 | Mississippian culture | Mound building Native American civilization that flourished in what is now the Midwestern, eastern, and the southeastern part of the United States | 127 | |
| 2814664968 | Anasazi | Thought to be ancestors of the modern pueblo indians | 128 | |
| 2815360707 | Culture diffusion | Spreading out of culture, culture traits, or a cultural pattern from a central point | 129 | |
| 2815395780 | Independent innovation | Creative invention of new solutions to old and new problems | 130 | |
| 2815420241 | Class distinctions | A characteristic that is observed to differ based on social class | 131 | |
| 2815423726 | Hierarchy | A system or organization in which people or groups are ranked one above the other according to status or authority | 132 | |
| 2815468276 | Social stratification | Rigid subdivision of a society into a hierarchy of layers, differentiated on the basic of power, prestige, and wealth | 133 | |
| 2815488821 | Social mobility | The possibility for people in a society to change their class or social status within their lifetimes | 134 | |
| 2815496267 | Caste system | The rigid Hindu system of hereditary social distinctions based on castes | 135 | |
| 2815500758 | Patriarchies | Social system in which power is held by men, through cultural norms and costumed that favor men and withhold opportunity from women | 136 | |
| 2815528417 | Matriarchy | A system of society or government ruled by a woman or women | 137 | |
| 2815556508 | Aristocracy | The highest class in certain societies, especially those holding hereditary titles or offices | 138 | |
| 2815593580 | Parliamentary bodies | A legislative body in any of various other countries | 139 | |
| 2815685283 | Oligarchy | A form of government in which all power is vested in a few persons or in a dominant class or clique | 140 | |
| 2815692903 | Republics theocracy | The Islamic republic of Iran has been described as a theocratic republic | 141 | |
| 2815724043 | Democracies theocracy | Was a theocratic political system that included elements of democracy | 142 | |
| 2815742347 | Slaves vs serfdom war | Serfs were tied down to the land but could not be bought, while slaves were part of a system called chattel-slavery | 143 | |
| 2815753421 | Trade | Transfer of the ownership of goods or services from one person or entity to another in exchange for other goods or services or for money | 144 | |
| 2815771320 | Trade routes | One of the sea-lanes ordinarily used by merchant ships | 145 | |
| 2815777367 | Religious interaction | Understanding between two or more religions | 146 | |
| 2815915424 | Missionary activity interaction | Purpose is to grow the Muslim umman | 147 | |
| 2815916758 | Bantu migration | Series of migrations of the Bantu people from the Congo area to the present Kenya, Uganda, and tanzania | 148 | |
| 2815918570 | Polynesian migration | Polynesians travel eastward to Hawaii in boats, spread culture, bring caste system. Asia to Hawaii | 149 | |
| 2815922148 | Eurasia's great age of migration | Increase in Migrations from Eurasia | 150 | |
| 2815934085 | Polytheism | The belief, or worship of multiple gods | 151 | |
| 2815935836 | Zoroastrianism | One of the worlds oldest monotheistic religions. worship of wisdom | 152 | |
| 2815938532 | Ten Commandments | List of religious and moral imperatives which, according to the bible, was spoken by the gods | 153 | |
| 2815944230 | The torah | Refers to the first section on the tanakn the first five books of the Hebrew bible | 154 | |
| 2815949039 | The Talmud | A series of disputations that took place in Europe during the Middle Ages | 155 | |
| 2815950779 | YHWH | Yahweh, gods name | 156 | |
| 2815844323 | Abraham | The first of the Old Testament patriarch and the father of Isaac | 157 | |
| 2815846972 | Moses and Passover | To celebrate the day the Jews were led out of Egypt and into their land by Moses | 158 | |
| 2815851058 | David and Solomon | David the greatest king of Jews; Solomon wisest king on earth | 159 | |
| 2815866020 | Jewish diaspora | Dispersion of Jewish people around the world | 160 | |
| 2815870145 | Vedism | Counted among the four Hindu religious scriptures known as the Vedas | 161 | |
| 2815893930 | Hinduism | Encompasses many religious traditions that widely vary by culture, as well as many diverse beliefs and sects | 162 | |
| 2815897256 | Samsara | Transmigration of soul from one body to the next | 163 | |
| 2815898886 | Karma | Law behind reincarnation | 164 | |
| 2815899347 | Dharma | Cosmic ethnics | 165 | |
| 2815899705 | Laws of Manu | Work of Hindu law and ancient Indian society | 166 | |
| 2815904948 | Four noble truths | Fundamental insight which led to the formation of the Buddhist philosophy | 167 | |
| 2815952024 | Eightfold path | Way to cessation of suffering the forth part of the four noble truths | 168 | |
| 2815957812 | Sidd hartha Gautama | Buddha, founder of Buddhism | 169 | |
| 2815964766 | Nirvana | Not a place or state, it is an absolute truth to be realized and a person can do so without dying | 170 | |
| 2815976010 | Theravada buddhism | Buddha is teacher | 171 | |
| 2815977807 | Mahayana Buddhism | Buddha is God | 172 | |
| 2815979403 | Daoism | Set of philosophical teachings and religious practices rooted in a specific metaphysical understanding of the Chinese character Tao | 173 | |
| 2815982551 | Laozi | Founder/teacher of Taoism | 174 | |
| 2815982974 | Analects | Record of speeches by Confucius and his disciples as well as the discussions they held | 175 | |
| 2816013492 | Mandate of heaven | Blessing of heaven and that if the king ruled unwisely heaven world not be pleased and give mandate to someone else | 176 | |
| 2816019386 | Judeo- Christian tradition | Body of concepts and values which are thought to be held in commonly by Christianity and Judaism | 177 | |
| 2816020900 | Jesus of Nazareth | Son of God | 178 | |
| 2816021533 | The bible(Old and New Testament ) | Holy text of Christianity | 179 | |
| 2816022446 | Crucifixion and resurrection(easter) | Died on good Friday, resurrected on Easter sunday | 180 | |
| 2816023154 | Peter and paul | Main disciples of Jesus, carried on teaching after death | 181 | |
| 2816025330 | Constantine and the fact of Milan | Outlawed and killed people practicing Christianity | 182 | |
| 2816027781 | Saint Augustine | Saint and the pre-eminent doctor of the church according to Roman Catholic | 183 | |
| 2816029644 | Eastern Orthodox and roman Catholic | Reflecting its claim to be the preserver of the original Christian traditions as well as those established by the church during the first 1000 years of existence | 184 | |
| 2815464728 | Social stra | 185 |
Flashcards
AP World History Chapter 28 Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 3836093776 | Archduke Franz Ferdinand was assassinated by Gavrilo Princip igniting | World War I | 0 | |
| 3906165026 | In the early twentieth century, what changes were undermining apparent world stability? | Tension grew between Germany and France in Europe | 1 | |
| 3906168107 | An example of European meddling in Ottoman Empire affairs was the | Russian interest in "protecting" the Slavs | 2 | |
| 3906172547 | Nationalism in Europe led Europeans to view war as | a justifiable way to avenge past injustices | 3 | |
| 3906177033 | The early twentieth century system of alliances pitted the British, French, and Russians against | Germany, Italy, and Australia-Hungary | 4 | |
| 3906178905 | The plan to mobilize millions of European troops was based on | railroad timetables | 5 | |
| 3906181310 | Most European nations thought the war that started in 1914 would | be won by the fastest moving army and the boldest general | 6 | |
| 3906183153 | A unique aspect of the Western Front was | the three-hundred-mile-long of armies from Switzerland to the North Sea | 7 | |
| 3906187662 | A new and potent defensive weapon in World War I was | the machine gun | 8 | |
| 3906187704 | The war at sea in the years 1914-1918 | pitted the British fleet against the German submarine | 9 | |
| 3906189587 | Women during World War I | joined the work force "for the duration" | 10 | |
| 3906193356 | Which of the following is true of wartime food rationing? | The diet of the German population was limited to one thousand calories per day. | 11 | |
| 3906196317 | During World War I, Africa | provided over a million Africans for armed services | 12 | |
| 3906198581 | The country that benefited most from World War I was | The United States | 13 | |
| 3906200182 | During World War I, African-Americans in the United States | migrated north in vast numbers from the South | 14 | |
| 3906203160 | The Ottoman Turks signed a secret alliance with | Germany, hoping to gain Russian territory | 15 | |
| 3906205785 | The Zionist movement primarily desired to | create a Jewish homeland in Palestine | 16 | |
| 3906207242 | The Balfour Declaration | offered British support for the Zionist cause | 17 | |
| 3906209921 | The group that suffered most within the Ottoman Empire during World War I was the | Armenians | 18 | |
| 3906211129 | The British tried to defeat the Ottomans by | using an Arab army against the Turks | 19 | |
| 3906212602 | The Russian army during the war | was very large but poorly supplied and led | 20 | |
| 3906213713 | The Russian tsar abdicated | during the February Revolution | 21 | |
| 3906216741 | Vladimir Lenin was the leader of the | Bolsheviks | 22 | |
| 3906218282 | Which of the following was not included in Lenin's plan for Russia | a return to agrarian society | 23 | |
| 3906219526 | At the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, Russia | lost territory, including Poland and Finland | 24 | |
| 3906220720 | The United States finally entered the war | because of German unrestricted submarine warfare | 25 | |
| 3906224999 | Deaths in World War I numbered between ______ million? | 8 and 10 | 26 | |
| 3906225000 | The influenza epidemic of 1918-1919 | killed 20 million | 27 | |
| 3906229056 | Woodrow Wilson's idea of self-determination was for | European nations to reflect shared ethnicity and language | 28 | |
| 3906231836 | Which of the following was not one of the elements in the Treaty of Versailles that angered Germany? | high tariffs enacted by the allies | 29 | |
| 3906233939 | How did the Communists win the civil war in Russia after World War I? | the military leadership of Leon Trotsky and the Red Army | 30 | |
| 3906237602 | The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics was formed by | joining Russia and the Soviet Ukraine | 31 | |
| 3906240082 | Lenin's New Economic Policy in 1921 | allowed private ownership of land and all but the largest businesses | 32 | |
| 3906242643 | The Communist Party planned to pay for industrialization by | essentially making the peasants pay for it | 33 | |
| 3906245544 | When Lenin died in 1924, the struggle for power of the Soviet Union result in the | leadership of Joseph Stalin | 34 | |
| 3906246894 | The German crisis of 1923 was marked by | Germany recklessly printing money, causing inflation | 35 | |
| 3906248375 | In 1900, China's population was | 400 million | 36 | |
| 3906251506 | The main beneficiaries of Japan's prosperity of this period were the zaibatsu, who were | four giant corporations | 37 | |
| 3906255052 | What was the result of the Boxer Rebellion of 1900? | Western powers and Japan captured Beijing and demanded payments | 38 | |
| 3906256305 | The Twenty-One Demands in 1915 would have | turned China into a virtual Japanese protectorate | 39 | |
| 3906259840 | In 1923, Mustapha Kemal (Atatürk) turned Turkey into | a secular republic | 40 | |
| 3906262568 | After the Ottoman Empire collapsed following the First World War, the modern Turkish state | instituted many progressive reforms | 41 | |
| 3906264087 | Egypt in the 1920s | had "phony" independence instead of official British colonialism | 42 | |
| 3906268906 | Which of the following did not result when far more Jewish immigrants than anticipated arrived in Palestine? | The unauthorized immigrants were deported | 43 | |
| 3906271575 | In the 1920s, women's lives | changed more than in any previous decade | 44 | |
| 3906275747 | Before the twentieth century, what was the only nation in which women had the right to vote? | New Zealand | 45 |
AP World History Imperialism Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 6185047483 | What were some reasons for imperialism? | -Fed industrial revolution. -Market the industrial revolution. -Political overtones. -National grandeur. -Moral/Religious purpose. -The "White Man's Burden". | 0 | |
| 6185073623 | What was needed to feed the industrial revolution? | -Rubber -Oil -Tin | 1 | |
| 6185081808 | Why were Asia and Africa important? | -Sources of raw materials. -Market for Manufactured goods. -Europe needed a place to sell goods because they had too much to sell at home. | 2 | |
| 6185100490 | Who was Jules Ferry? | A french politician (1885) who came up with the idea of "Containment or Abstinence". | 3 | |
| 6185110670 | What is "Containment or Abstinence"? | The idea that if France or any other nation does not collect colonies they will become a third or fourth rate nation. | 4 | |
| 6185119854 | Who is Cecil Rhodes? | The man who said "the sun never sets on the British empire". | 5 | |
| 6185131528 | What were the tactics that the Europeans settled on in order to deal with existing states? | Instead of total/direct control, they settled on dealing with them through trade and treaties (with some exceptions). | 6 | |
| 6185147991 | What were the exceptions to the way that Europeans dealt with existing states? | -India -Latin America -North America | 7 | |
| 6185177498 | What were world interests that superseded Economic interest? | -Suez Canal -The Philippines -Indochina | 8 | |
| 6185213621 | What was "The Great Game"? | British and Russian military officers/imperialist adventurers engaging in a pursuit of influence/intelligence. They ventured into parts of central Asia never visited by Europeans to map terrain/scout mountain passes. They also sought alliances with local rulers from Afghanistan and the Aral Sea. | 9 | |
| 6185268073 | Why were the Dutch East Indies a valuable and productive colony? | -Made up the modern state of Indonesia. -Produced cash crops of sugar, tea, coffee, and tobacco. -Exports of rubber and tin. | 10 | |
| 6185284533 | When did the British establish colonial authority in Burma? | 1880s | 11 | |
| 6185287106 | What was Burma a great source of? | -Teak -Ivory -Rubies -Jade | 12 | |
| 6185294229 | Why was Singapore important? | -Busiest center of trade in the Strait of Melaka. -Served as a base for the British conquest of Malaya (modern day Malaysia). -Offered ports to British navy. -Allowed for control of sea lanes linking Indian Ocean with the South China Sea. | 13 | |
| 6185327046 | What were the two main forms of European Imperialism in the pacific? | -Establishment of settler colonies/dominant political institutions. -Established reliable bases for commercial opportunities and operations. No outright colonization. | 14 | |
| 6185375323 | What brought a surge in migration to Australia? | Discovery of gold (1851). | 15 | |
| 6185389354 | What were some effects of European migration on New Zealand and Australia? | -Decline in population of indigenous peoples due to disease brought by Europeans. -Maori leaders signed the Treaty of Waitangi which was designed to place New Zealand under British protection. | 16 | |
| 6185471634 | What is the Panama Canal? | A canal built by the US across a narrow stretch of land in Central America. | 17 | |
| 6185496386 | What were some legacies of Imperialism? | -Tightening links between the world's people. -Increase in trade and migration. -Exploitation of resources of subject lands. -Led to Europeans, Euro-Americans, and Japanese imperialists coming to think of themselves as superior to the people they overcame. -Foreign intrusion stimulated the development of national identities in colonized lands. -Foundation of anticolonial independence movements. | 18 |
Pages
Need Help?
We hope your visit has been a productive one. If you're having any problems, or would like to give some feedback, we'd love to hear from you.
For general help, questions, and suggestions, try our dedicated support forums.
If you need to contact the Course-Notes.Org web experience team, please use our contact form.
Need Notes?
While we strive to provide the most comprehensive notes for as many high school textbooks as possible, there are certainly going to be some that we miss. Drop us a note and let us know which textbooks you need. Be sure to include which edition of the textbook you are using! If we see enough demand, we'll do whatever we can to get those notes up on the site for you!
