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AP Literature Words Flashcards

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5329584322anaphorarepetition of words at the beginning of each line: "Mad world! Mad kings! Mad Composition!"0
5329599823chiasmussentence of two parallel parts in which the 2nd is structurally reversed: "What trade thou knave, thou knaughty knave, what trade"1
5329613372litotestype of understatement in which an idea is expressed by negating the opposite: "You did love him once, not without cause"2
5329623451polysyndetonusing more conjunctions than is necessary: "and a courteous, and a kind, and a handsome"3
5329632506synecdocheusing one part of an object to represent the whole: "Woe to the hand that shed costly blood"4
5329639786asyndetona construction in which elements are presented in a series without conjunctions: "He received applause, prizes, many, fame"5
5329647793aphorisma concise statement that expresses succinctly a general truth or idea, often using rhyme or balance: "In time we hate that which we often fear"6
5329661746conceita fanciful, particularly clever extended metaphor: "Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate rought winds do shake the darling buds of May And summer's lease hath all too short a date"7
5329673290ellipsisthe omission of a word or phrase which is grammatically necessary but can be deduced from the context: "My dreams had no end that night; my delight had no limit"8
5329682383metonymysubstituting the name of one object for another object closely associated with it: "She had a love for the stage"9
5481805203allusiona reference to something literary, mythological, or historical that the author assumes the reader knows: "Here feel we but the penalty of Adam"10
5481807903apostrophewhen one directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or some abstraction: "O Romeo, Romeo, wherefore art thou Romeo?"11
5481810277euphemisman indirect, less offensive way of saying something unpleasant: "You shall put this night's great business into my dispatch"12
5481812078malapropismthe mistaken use of one word of another word that sounds similar: "Is our whole dissembly appeared?"13
5481813502syllepsisa construction in which one word is used in two different senses: "I left her there with a left at the corner."14
5481814178epigrama brief, pity, and often paradoxical saying: "I can resist everything but temptation."15
5481815743expletivean interject to lend emphasis, sometimes profanity: "By the Virgin Mary! You shan't be let down!"16
5481816921jargonthe specialize language or vocabulary of a particular group or profession: "'Why, sir, a carpenter!' 'Where is thy leather apron and thy rule?"17
5481818844solecismnon-standard grammatical usage; a violation of rules: "I quit school when I were 16."18
5481822091tautologyneedless repetition of the same: "I was given a free gift for purchasing a car."19

Unit 2 Ap Language Flashcards

These definitions are from m-w.com

Terms : Hide Images
5105186542abhorrencenoun; the act of disliking0
5105186543aestheticadjective; relating to art or beauty1
5105188991analogousadjective; similar in someway2
5106083765concordnoun; a state when people or things agree with each other and live in harmony in a community3
5106083766congenialadjective; suitable or appropriate4
5106083767conjecturenoun; an opinion or idea formed without proof or sufficient evidence5
5106086918decorumnoun; correct or proper behavior that shows respect and good manners6
5106086919deprecateverb; to criticize or express disapproval of (someone or something)7
5106091363discerningadjective; able to see and understand people, things, or situations clearly and intelligently8
5106091364disdainfuladjective; full of or expressing disdain/ anger or hate9
5106093915evanescentadjective; lasting a very short time10
5106093916fallowadjective; of a light yellowish-brown color11
5106095324fastidiousadjective; very careful about how you do something: hard to please12
5106095325ferocitynoun; a very fierce or violent quality : the quality or state of being ferocious13
5106097721hegemonynoun; influence or control over another country, a group of people, etc.14
5106097722inciteverb; to cause (someone) to act in an angry, harmful, or violent way15
5106101565languidadjective; showing or having very little strength, energy, or activity16
5106101566licentiousadjective; sexually immoral or offensive17
5106105505linguisticadjective; of or relating to language or linguistics18
5106109769propagateverb; to make (something, such as an idea or belief) known to many people: to produce a new plant19
5106139102proprietynoun; behavior that is accepted as socially or morally correct and proper20
5106148707prowessnoun; great ability or skill21
5106161450quizzicaladjective; showing that you do not understand something or that you find something strange or amusing22
5106167738revelatoryadjective; making something known : revealing something in usually a surprising way23
5106170302unassailableadjective; not able to be doubted, attacked, or questioned24

AP Literature Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
8509427872AllegoryA story that has two levels of meaning. The first is the surface of the story and the second is the meaning and symbols of the story0
8509427873AllusionA reference to a well-known person, place, event, literary work, or work of art1
8509427874ApostropheA term used to address someone or something not present in the poem2
8509427875AssonanceRepetition of a vowel sound within two or more words in close proximity3
8509427876AttitudeThe perspective that the author has on the subject4
8509427877ToneThe writers attitude toward the subject5
8509427878AudienceWho the work is intended for6
8509427879ConceitAn elaborate or unusual comparison when using unlikely metaphor simile hyperbole. (Dead as a door nail)7
8509427880Conotationimplied meaning of a word8
8509427881ConsonanceRepetition of a consonant sound within two or more words in close proximity. (All's well that ends well)9
8509427882DenotationDictionary definition of a word10
8509427883DictionWord choice11
8509427884Dramatic poetryis poetry that utilizes the techniques of drama12
8509427885Euphemisman inoffensive expression that is substituted for one that is considered offensive13
8509427886HyperboleExaggeration14
8509427887ImageryDescriptive words that spark a mental image15
8509427888IronyThe opposite of what is expected16
8509427889Situational ironyEvents turn out the opposite of what was expected17
8509427890Verbal ironySarcasm18
8509427891Dramatic ironyWhen the audience knows something the characters don't19
8509427892MetaphorA comparison without using like or as20
8509427893Extended metaphorA metaphor developed at great length, occurring frequently in or throughout a work.21
8509427894Implied metaphora comparison that does not directly state that one thing is another. Ex. "The clouds galloped."22
8509427895MeiosisWhen something is purposefully described as less than it is, normal for comic effect23
8509427896MetonymyWhen one term is substituted with another term24
8509427897MoodThe feeling created in the reading25
8509427898ShiftWhen a poem changes in tone or mood26
8509427899MotifA recurring theme, subject or idea27
8509427900NeologismTaking two things and combining them to make something new. Ex. Vlog28
8509427901OnomatopoeiaSound effects29
8509427902OxymoronTwo words that contradict. Jumbo shrimp30
8509427903ParadoxAn oxymoron on a larger scale31
8509427904Personificationthe giving of human qualities to an animal, object, or idea32
8509427905Point of viewThe perspective from which a story is told33
8509427906SimileA comparison using "like" or "as"34
8509427907SynecdocheA figure of speech in which a part is substituted for the whole.35
8509427908SpeakerThe voice of a work36
8509427909SymbolSomething that stands for something else37
8509427910Structurethe arrangement or framework of a sentence, paragraph, or entire work38
8557849906Ballada type of poem that is meant to be sung and is both lyric and narrative in nature39
8557959759blank verseunrhymed iambic pentameter40
8557959760Elegy (n)A song or poem memorializing something or someone41
8557959761figurative languagewriting or speech that is not meant to be taken literally42
8557959762free versepoetry that does not rhyme or have a regular meter43
8557959763haiku poemJapanes verse three line of 5, 7, 5 syllables (Metered poetry)44
8557959764iambic pentameterA line of poetry that contains five iambic feet.45
8557959765lyric poetryPersonal, reflective poetry that reveals the speaker's thoughts and feelings about the subject46
8557959766meterUnit of rhythm in poetry, the pattern of beats47
8557959767narrative poetrypoetry that tells a story48
8557959768OdesPoems that express strong emotions about life49
8557959769pastoral poetryIdealizing the lives of shepherds and country folk50
8557959770refrain (v)to hold back51
8557959771RepetitionWord or phrase used two or more times in close proximity52
8557959772RhymeRepetition of sounds at the end of words53
8557959773rhyme schemethe pattern of rhyme in a poem54
8557959774end rhymeRhyme that occurs at the end of two or more lines of poetry55
8557959775internal rhymerhyme that occurs within a line, rather than at the end56
8557959776perfect rhymeRhymes involving sound that are exactly the same (ex: love, dove)57
8557959777slant rhymetwo words that have some sound in common but do not rhyme exactly58
8557959778RhythmPattern of stressed and unstressed syllables59
8558074846SatireA literary style used to make fun of or ridicule an idea or human vice or weakness60
8558074847SonnetA 14 line poem61
8558074848Petrarchan sonnetpoem that has one rhyming octave (8 lines) and one rhyming sestet (6 lines)62
8558074849Shakespearean sonnetA fourteen line poem with a specific rhyme scheme63
8558074850StanzaA group of lines in a poem64
8558074851CoupletTwo consecutive lines of poetry that rhyme65
8558074852Tercets3 line stanzas66
8558074853Quatrain4 line stanza67
8558074854Quintet5 line stanza68
8558074855Sestet6 line stanza69
8558074856Septet7 line stanza70
8558074857Octave8 line stanza71
8558074858SyntaxSentence structure72

AP Literature Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
5994641311AlliterationThe repetition of similar sounds usually consonants at the beginning of words.0
5994641312AntithesisOpposites place next to each other.1
5994641313ConsonanceWhen words resemble each other like napping tapping and wrapping.2
5994641314Hexameter6 feet.3
5994641315RefrainVerse or phrase repeated throughout a poem.4
5994641316ApostropheA direct address to an absent or dead or to an object quality or idea.5
5994641317Slant RhymeAn imperfect rhyme also call an oblique rive or offramp in which the sounds are similar but not exactly the same as between port at heart.6
5994641318Blank VerseUnrhymed iambic pentameter blank verse bears a closer to the rhythms of ordinary speech getting poetry a natural feel Shakespeare's plays are usually written in blank verse.7
5994641319CoupletTwo successive rhymed lines that are equal length.8
5994641320Sestina6 6 lines stanzas followed by a three line stanza. the same six words are repeated at the end of lines throughout the poem in a predetermined pattern. The last word in the last line of one stanza becomes the last word of the first line in the next. All six end-words appear in the final three line stanza.9
5994641321End-Stopped LineWhen a line of poetry ends with a period or definite punctuation mark, such as a colon.10
5994641322EnjambedA single sentence that is broken up into multiple lines.11
5994641323AssonanceRepetition of sounds or about rhyme like weak and weary.12
5994641324DactylA stressed syllable followed by two unstressed syllables.13
5994641325DictionThe choice or use of words.14
5994641326SonnetA single stands a lyric poem containing 14 lines written in iambic pentameter. In some formulations the first eight lines pose a question or dilemma that it is all in the final six lines.15
5994641327Masculine rhymeA rhyme consisting of a single stressed syllable as in the rhyme between car and far.16
5994641328Carpe DiemLiterally, the phrase is Latin for "seize the day," from carpere (to pluck, harvest, or grab) and the accusative form of die (day). The term refers to a common moral or theme in classical literature that the reader should make the most out of life and should enjoy it before it ends.17
5994641329ConnotationAn idea or feeling that a word invokes in addition to its literal or primary meaning.18
5994641330DenotationLiteral meaning of a word19
5994641331Dimeter2 feet.20
5994641332VillanelleA nineteen-line poem with two rhymes throughout, consisting of five tercets and a quatrain, with the first and third lines of the opening tercet recurring alternately at the end of the other tercets and with both repeated at the close of the concluding quatrain.21
5994641333AnapestTwo unstressed syllables followed by a stressed syllable22
5994670672AudienceA person for whom a writer writes, or composer composes.23

AP Literature Terms (with images) Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
4186556151AllegoryThe representation of abstract ideas or principles by characters, figures, or events in narrative, dramatic, or pictorial form.0
4186556152AlliterationThe repetition of the same consonant sound at the beginning of several words in a line of poetry.1
4186556153AnaphoraRepetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive lines in a poem.2
4186556154ApostropheWhen a character speaks to a character or object that is not present or is unable to respond.3
4186556155AssonanceThe repetition of the same vowel sound in a phrase or line of poetry.4
4186556156ClimaxThe turning point in the plot or the high point of action.5
4186556157Colloquial LanguageInformal, conversational language. Indicative of a specific region.6
4186556158ConnotationAn idea or meaning suggested by or associated with a word or thing, ie. Bat=evil.7
4186556159DictionWord choice or the use of words in speech or writing.8
4186556160EnjambmentThe continuation of reading one line of a poem to the next with no pause, a run-on line.9
4186556161EpiphanySudden enlightenment or realization, a profound new outlook or understanding about the world usually attained while doing everyday mundane activities.10
4186556162FlashbackWhen a character remembers a past event that is relevant to the current action of the story.11
4186556163ForeshadowingClues in the text about incidents that will occur later in the plot; creates anticipation in the novel.12
4186556164HyperboleA figure of speech in which exaggeration is used for emphasis or comic/dramatic effect.13
4186556165ImageryThe use of vivid or figurative language to represent objects, actions, or ideas. Also includes sensory language.14
4186556166IronyWhen one thing should occur, is apparent, or in logical sequence but the opposite actually occurs.15
4186556167MeterThe measured arrangement of words in poetry, as by accentual rhythm, syllabic quantity, or the number of syllables in a line.16
4186556168MetaphorA figure of speech in which a word or phrase that ordinarily designates one thing is used to designate another, thus making an implicit comparison; this comparison does not use like or as.17
4186556169MotifA dominant theme or central idea.18
4186556170OnomatopoeiaThe formation or use of words such as buzz or murmur that imitate the sounds associated with the objects or actions they refer to.19
4186556171ParodyA literary or artistic work that imitates the characteristic style of an author or a work for comic effect or ridicule.20
4186556172PersonificationA figure of speech in which inanimate objects or abstractions are endowed with human qualities or are represented as possessing human form.21
4186556173ProseOrdinary speech or writing without metrical structure, written in paragraph form.22
4186556174SimileA figure of speech in which two essentially unlike things are compared, often in a phrase introduced by like or as.23
4186556175SoliloquyA dramatic or literary form of discourse in which a character talks to himself or herself or reveals his or her thoughts without addressing a listener. Typical in plays.24
4186556176SymbolismSomething that represents something else by association, resemblance, or convention, especially a material object used to represent something invisible.25
4186556177ToneReflects how the author feels about the subject matter or the feeling the author wants to instill in the reader.26
4186556178TragedyA drama or literary work in which the main character is brought to ruin or suffers extreme sorrow, especially as a consequence of a tragic flaw, moral weakness, or inability to cope with unfavorable circumstances.27
4186556179SonnetA poem with fourteen lines. There are Italian and English (typically referred to as "Shakespearean") forms.28
4186556180SatireA literary work in which human vice or folly is attacked through irony, derision, or wit; the goal is to change the behavior/issue.29

AP Language Vocab: Aphorism-->Bathos Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
4883080047AphorismA terse saying embodying a general truth, or absolute observation, as "Power tends to corrupt, and absolute power corrupts absolutely" (Lord Acton)0
4883080048ApollonianPertaining to the cult of Apollo; serene, calm, or well-balanced; poised and disciplined; having the properties of or preferring classic beauty. (Compare Dionysian)1
4883085429ApostropheA digression in the form of an address to someone not present, or to a personified object or idea, as "O Death, where is thy sting?"2
4883085430ArchPlayful roguish, or mischievous: an arch smile. Cunning; crafty; sly3
4883086741ArchetypeAn original model or type after which other similar things are patterned4
4883088558ArgumentThe process by which a writer tries to persuade a reader to adopt a particular view5
4883088559ArrangementThe order in which ideas are presented in a speech or essay6
4883090953Artistic ProofsThe proofs that are within the control of the speaker or writer; identified by Aristotle as ethos, logos, and pathos7
4883090954AssonanceThe repetition of identical or similar vowel sounds, especially in stressed syllables, with changes in the intervening consonants, as in the phrase tilting at windmills8
4883090955AsyndetonA rhetorical device in which expected conjunctions are omitted9
4883090956AttitudeManner, disposition, feeling, position with regard to a person or thing; tendency or orientation, esp. of the mind10
4883091959BackingThe unstated assumption behind the argument11
4883091960Balanceto serve as a counterpoise to; counterbalance; offset: The advantages more than balance the disadvantages. Ex: While the jury deliberated, his fate rested in the balance12
4883091961BardAny poet13
4883091962BathosA ludicrous descent from the exalted or lofty to the commonplace; anticlimax; insincere pathos; sentimentality; mawkishness; triteness or triviality in style14

AP World History: China 2 Flashcards

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7802085814Yuan EmpireEmpire created in China and Siberia by Khubilai Khan0
7802085815Bubonic PlagueA bacterial disease of fleas that can be transmitted by flea bites to rodents and humans; humans in late stages of the illness can spread the bacteria by coughing.1
7802085816BeijingChina's northern capital, first used as an imperial capital in 906 and now the capital of the People's Republic of China2
7802085817Il-KhanA "secondary" or "peripheral" khan based in Persia. Was founded by Hülegü.3
7802085818Ming EmpireEmpire based in China that Zhu Yuanzhang establishes after the overthrow of the Yuan Empire.4
7802085819Zheng HeAn imperial eunuch and Muslim, entrusted by the Ming emperor Yongle with a series of state voyages that took his gigantic ships through the Indian Ocean, from Southeast Asia to Africa5
7802085820ManchuFederation of Northeast Asian peoples who founded the Qing Empire6
7802085821Qing EmpireEmpire established in China by Manchus who overthrew the Ming Empire in 1644.7
7802085822KangxiQing emperor (r. 1662-1722). He oversaw the greatest expansion of the Qing Empire.8

AP World History Unit 6B Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
4209903529Scorched EarthA strategy of defensive warfare, in which everything that might be of use to an invading army is destroyed by the defending army as it retreats0
4209903530Partisansguerilla warriors fighting in the resistance against occupying armies. The term is especially used for the resistance against the Germans and Italians in WW2 and against Franco's in Spain.1
4209903531GenocideThe act of murdering an entire people. Originally used for the Nazi attempt to exterminate the Jewish people.2
4209903532SuperpowerThe term ascribed to both the USSR and the US in recognition of their power, especially their military power, far greater than that of any other country in the world at this time.3
4209903533Asymmetrical WarfareWarfare between two groups armed and equipped very differently, and often using different strategies, usually between lightly armed guerilla warriors and conventionally equipped armies of powerful States.4
4209903534Paper TigerThe mocking comment of the Chinese towards the Americans, who had vast arrays if conventional nuclear weaponry but could not cope with simply armed warriors, often guerilla warriors, fighting for their homelands in Korea, Vietnam, and elsewhere5
4209903535Pax AmericanaLiterally "American Peace". Designates the relative tranquility established within the American sphere of influence immediately after WW26
4209903536Marshall PlanAn American program of economic assistance for rebuilding non communist Europe after WW2, proposed by Secretary of state George Marshall7
4209903537Sphere of InfluenceThe geopolitical region in which one external power is considered dominant and other powers keep hands off8
4209903538Iron CurtainTerm introduced by Winston Churchill to describe the division of Europe by the Soviet Union spreading its areas of control I'm central and eastern Europe from Western Europe9
4209903539ContainmentThe postwar policy of the united States advocated by diplomat George Kennan to encircle and contain the Soviet Union within limits through military confrontation that would stop short of war. advocated a balance of force10
4209903540Client StateA state that is economically, politically, or militarily, dependent on another state11
4209903541McCarthyismA strategy of attacking political opponents by labeling them unpatriotic ir even treasonous. Named for US senator Joseph McCarthy who employed it in his campaign against alleged communists12
4209903542GulagThe acronym of Glavnoye, Upravleniye Ispravitelno Trudovykh Lagerey, the "Chief Administration of Corrective Labor Camps," a department of the Soviet secret police founded in 1934 under Stalin. It ran a vast network of forced labor camps throughout the USSR to which millions of citizens accused of "crimes against the state" were sent for punishment13
4209903543Neo ColonialismThe assertion of power by one country over another, usually through economic dominance, but without formal political authority. A common relationship between countries that had previously been in a formal relationship14
4209903544Prague SpringThe period in the spring of 1968 when it appeared all of Czechoslovakia would achieve greater freedom of expression and greater independence of control by the USSR. This hope was crushed by military intervention by the Soviets15
4209903545Brezhnev DoctrineIn 1968 , head of the USSR government declared that the USSR would intervene militarily to prevent any of its satellite countries from claiming independence. Issued when Czechoslovakia sought independence16
4209903546Domino EffectThe belief, held by many American policy makers, that if one country in a region became communist, others would follow, one after another17
4209903547BlitzkriegTranslates as "lightening war" German military tactic that brought great success18
4209903548Battle of BritainAir war between Britain and Germany with Brits winning out19
4209903549D-DayOften used in the military as the day on which an important operation is to begin; more generally signifies any date targeted for special action.. Since the Normandy landing, June 6, 1944, the term "D-Day" has often most referred to that historic occasion20
4209903550StalingradSoviets won decisive battle if the eastern front and drove to Berlin Hitler's forces were turned back by soviets21
4209903551Potsdam ConferenceWith the war in Europe near end, concessions were made to Stalin for assistance against Japanese in the pacific22
4209903552Yalta ConferenceHeld to decide the end of WW2, Germany divided into occupation zones23
4209903553HolocaustThe extermination of over 6 million Jews and other undesirables by WW2 nazis24
4209903554Hiroshima/NagasakiCities of war production chosen as targets for the atomic bomb25
4209903555United NationsWorld peacekeeping body crated following WW226
4209903556NATO/Warsaw Pactthe alliance of the allied powers and the alliance of the axis powers or communists after the war27
4209903557Massive RetaliationLaunching a full scale nuclear attack28
4209903558BrinkmanshipEscalating a conflict all the way to the brink of war but not actually going there29
4209903559SputnikThe first Russian satellite launched into space which ignited the space race30
4209903560CIA/KGBIntel organization of the U.S. and the USSR31
4209903561Cuban Missile CrisisWhen the Soviets were storing lots of missiles in Cuba which is in close proximity to the U.S.32
4209903562Vietnam WarConflict between communist forces of North Vietnam and South Vietnam which lasted about 10 years33

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