| CourseNotes

Biochemistry Flashcards

7099777104	acid	A substance that increases the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution.	0
7099777105	base	A substance that decreases the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution.	1
7099777106	ADP	(Adenosine Diphosphate) The compound that remains when a phosphate group is removed from ATP, releasing energy	2
7099777107	ATP	(adenosine triphosphate) main energy source that cells use for most of their work	3
7099777108	adenine (A)	Purine. One of four nitrogen-containing bases in nucleotides composing the structure of RNA and DNA. Bonds with thymine.	4
7099777109	amino acid	Monomer of Proteins	5
7099777110	buffer	A solution that minimizes changes in pH when extraneous acids or bases are added to the solution.	6
7099777111	carbohydrate	Class of nutrients that includes sugars and starches	7
7099777112	cellulose	Carbohydrate component of plant cell walls.	8
7099777113	covalent bond	A chemical bond that involves sharing a pair of electrons between atoms in a molecule	9
7099777114	cytosine (C)	Pyrimidine. One of four nitrogen-containing bases in nucleotides composing the structure of RNA and DNA. Bonds with guanine.	10
7099777115	dehydration reaction	A chemical reaction in which two molecules covalently bond to each other with the removal of a water molecule.	11
7099777116	denaturation	A process in which a protein unravels（拆散）, losing its specific structure and hence function; can be caused by changes in pH or salt concentration or by high temperature. Also refers to the separation of the two strands of the DNA double helix, caused by similar factors.	12
7099777117	disaccharide	A double sugar molecule made of two monosaccharides bonded together through dehydration synthesis.	13
7099777118	DNA	Deoxyribonucleic acid. A double-stranded, helical nucleic acid molecule capable of replicating and determining the inherited structure of a cell's proteins.	14
7099777119	double helix	The form of native DNA, referring to its two adjacent polynucleotide strands wound into a spiral shape.	15
7099777120	emulsification	physical process of breaking up large fat globules into smaller globules, thereby increasing the surface area that enzymes can use to digest the fat	16
7099777121	enzyme	A type of protein that speeds up a chemical reaction in a living thing	17
7099777122	fat	A large lipid molecule made from an alcohol called glycerol and three fatty acids; a triglyceride. Most function as energy-storage molecules.	18
7099777123	fatty acid	Monomer of lipids, along with glycerol	19
7099777124	functional group	the portion of a molecule that is active in a chemical reaction and that determines the properties of many organic compounds	20
7099777125	glucose	C6H12O6	21
7099777126	glycogen	An extensively branched glucose storage polysaccharide found in the liver and muscle of animals; the animal equivalent of starch.	22
7099777127	guanine (G)	Purine. One of four nitrogen-containing bases in nucleotides composing the structure of RNA and DNA. Bonds with cytosine.	23
7099777128	hexose	A six carbon sugar molecule	24
7099777129	hydrogen bond	A type of weak chemical bond formed when the slightly positive hydrogen atom of a polar covalent bond in one molecule is attracted to the slightly negative atom of a polar covalent bond in another molecule.	25
7099777130	hydrolysis reaction	A chemical reaction that breaks apart a larger molecule by adding a molecule of water	26
7099777131	hydrophilic	Water loving	27
7099777132	hydrophobic	Water fearing	28
7099777133	inorganic molecule	Molecules that do not contain the element carbon (in most cases)	29
7099777134	ion	A particle that is electrically charged (positive or negative)	30
7099777135	atom	Smallest unit of matter that still retains the properties of an element	31
7099777136	ionic bond	A chemical bond resulting from the attraction between oppositely charged ions.	32
7099777137	lipid	Energy-rich organic compounds, such as fats, oils, and waxes, that are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.	33
7099777138	molecule	A group of atoms held together by covalent bonds.	34
7099777139	monomer	A simple compound whose molecules can join together to form polymers	35
7099777140	monosaccharide	A single sugar molecule such as glucose or fructose, the simplest type of sugar.	36
7099777141	nucleotide	A building block of DNA, consisting of a five-carbon sugar covalently bonded to a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group.	37
7099777142	oil	Triglyceride, usually of plant origin that is liquid form	38
7099777143	organic molecule	A molecule containing carbon that is a part of or produced by living systems.	39
7099777144	pentose	A five carbon sugar molecule	40
7099777145	peptide bond	The chemical bond that forms between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of another amino acid	41
7099777146	phospholipid	A lipid made up of a glyerol joined to two fatty acids and a phosphate group; has two hydrophobic tails and a polar, hydrophilic head	42
7099777147	pH scale	measurement system used to indicate the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in solution; ranges from 0 to 14	43
7099777148	polar covalent bond	A covalent bond in which electrons are not shared equally	44
7099777149	polymer	A long molecule consisting of many similar or identical monomers linked together.	45
7099777150	polypeptide	A polymer (chain) of many amino acids linked together by peptide bonds.	46
7099777151	polysaccharide	Carbohydrates that are made up of more than two monosaccharides	47
7099777152	protein	A three dimensional polymer made of monomers of amino acids.	48
7099777153	purine	a nitrogenous base that has a double-ring structure; such as adenine or guanine; when joined with sugar or phosphate, a component of nucleotides and nucleic acids	49
7099777154	pyrimidine	a nitrogenous base that has a single-ring structure; one of the two general categories of nitrogenous bases found in DNA and RNA; thymine, cytosine, or uracil	50
7099777155	RNA	Ribonucleic acid. A type of nucleic acid consisting of nucleotide monomers with a ribose sugar and the nitrogenous bases adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), and uracil (U); usually single-stranded; functions in protein synthesis and as the genome of some viruses.	51
7099777156	saturated fatty acid	A fatty acid in which all carbons in the hydrocarbon tail are connected by single bonds, thus maximizing the number of hydrogen atoms that can attach to the carbon skeleton.	52
7099777157	solute	A substance that is dissolved in a solution.	53
7099777158	solvent	A liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances	54
7099777159	starch	A storage polysaccharide in plants consisting entirely of glucose.	55
7099777160	steroid	A type of lipid characterized by a carbon skeleton consisting of four rings with various functional groups attached.	56
7099777161	thymine (T)	Pyrimidine. One of four nitrogen-containing bases in nucleotides composing the structure of DNA. Bonds with adenine.	57
7099777162	trigyceride	The form of fat storage in adipose cells; consists of a molecule of glycerol joined with three fatty acids.	58
7099777163	unsaturated fatty acid	A fatty acid possessing one or more double bonds between the carbons in the hydrocarbon tail. Such bonding reduces the number of hydrogen atoms attached to the carbon skeleton.	59
7099777164	uracil (U)	Pyrimidine. One of four nitrogen-containing bases in nucleotides composing the structure of RNA. Bonds with adenine.	60

Powered by Quizlet.com

Biochemistry Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images

7496605080	Hydroxyl group	dehydration synthesis / highly reactive	0
7496606955	Carbonly group	R-CO-R hydrophilic/ reactive in water	1
7496606956	Amine group	dhs /allow attachment in amino acids	2
7496610762	Sulfhydryl group	glue/providing permanence to the form of the protein	3
7496619861	Methyl group	reducing the reactivity of a carbon skeleton/ opposing phosphate group	4
7496623904	Carboxyl group	dhs/readily release H+ ion into solution/acidic properties	5
7496625681	Phosphate group	contain phosphorus/ activator	6
7496767931	Carbohydrates	H:O 2:1	7
7496767932	Lipids	2 O/many H secondary energy source demonstrates structural and messager qualities	8
7496770247	Nucleic Acid	Phosphate/N/sugar	9
7496770248	Protein	N & S/ Amine and Carbonyl stick together	10
7496851022	cellulose	strong/Fibrous/provide support/find in plant cell wall and algae/prevent plant cells from bursting	11
7496913174	matter	any physical substance that occupies space and possesses mass	12
7496920393	atom	simplest units of matter	13
7496922167	proton	determine identity	14
7496931563	neutron	determine stability	15
7496934336	electron	determine reactivity	16
7496942098	anion	negative charge	17
7496944374	cation	positive charge	18
7496946825	ion	chemically reactive in the cell	19
7496956679	covalent bond	strongest/sharing of electron	20
7496958924	ionic bond	less reliable/ attraction between ions/exchange of electrons	21
7496964667	hydrogen bond	least dependable/attraction between H and negative ion	22
7496975475	Carbon skeleton	provide the fundamental units of biological macro-molecules	23
7496994637	Functional group	small molecular groups that provide additional properties.	24
7497003067	Macro molecules	large, organic molecules that are created by smaller substance	25
7497023471	polymeric	composed of many repeating monomers/protein	26
7497023472	non polymeric	formed from smaller units, though not repeating/ex.lipids	27
7497049931	monosaccharides	Single sugar molecules glucose葡萄糖, fructose, galactose	28
7497049932	disaccharides	A double sugar, consisting of two monosaccharides joined by dehydration synthesis. maltose, sucroses食用糖, lactose	29
7497053248	polysaccharides	Many sugars cellulose, starch, glycogen, chitin	30
7497065053	sugar	primary source of energy/monos.	31
7497067047	starch	Amylose/energy storage in plants/polys.	32
7497080449	glycogen	energy storage in animal/polys.	33
7497151839	saturated fat	single bond/usually solid at room temp	34
7497154533	unsaturated fat	one double bond/usually liquid at room temp	35
7497196601	glycerol		36
7497201574	phospholipids	-A lipid consisting of a glycerol bound to two fatty acids and a phosphate group. -Form the basic units of cell membrane -head hydrophilic 亲水 -tail hydropholic 排水	37
7497240645	steroids	structural or messenger	38
7497251062	cholesterol	-Steroid common in cell membranes, also in many hormones. -A molecule found within the cell membrane that enhances it's fluidity.	39
7497263929	steroid hormones	relay signals between cells	40
7497272638	testosterone	Male sex hormone	41
7497276205	estrogen	Female sex hormone	42

Powered by Quizlet.com

Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images

Powered by Quizlet.com

Biochemistry Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images

7459985779	Atom	the smallest particle of an element	0
7459985780	Ionic Bond	a bond involving the transfer of electrons	1
7459990489	Electron	parts of an atom outside of a nucleus with negative charge	2
7459993041	Covalent Bond	a bond involving the sharing of electrons	3
7459993042	Element	a substance that can't be broken down any further	4
7459993043	Isotope	an element with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons	5
7460000768	Compound	a combination of 2 or more different elements	6
7460000769	Hydrogen Bond	a bond between a hydrogen atom from one molecule and an oxygen atom of another molecule	7
7460003167	Solution	a mixture with all components evenly distributed	8
7460003168	pH Scale	the measure of how basic or acidic something is	9
7460005329	Cohesion	the attraction between two of the same molecules	10
7460005330	Solute	the substance that is dissolved in a solution	11
7460005331	acid	a substance with a pH below water's at 7	12
7460007911	adhesion	the attraction between two different substances	13
7460007912	solvent	the substance that dissolves the other in a solution	14
7460007913	base	a substance with a pH above water's at 7	15
7460009941	mixture	a combination of different materials not bonded together chemically	16
7460009942	suspension	a mixture of water and a non-dissolved material	17
7460012549	monomer	a single molecule	18
7460012550	nucleic acid	a macromolecule that stores and transfers genetic information	19
7460012579	polymer	multiple monomers strung together	20
7460015733	nucleotide	the monomer of nucleic acids	21
7460015734	carbohydrate	a macromolecule that acts as a main source of energy	22
7460018412	protein	A macromolecule that is part of the structure of cells, and is used for biological functions	23
7460020094	monosaccharide	the monomer of a carbohydrate	24
7460020095	amino acid	the monomer of proteins	25
7460022472	lipid	a macromolecule that stores energy long term and is insulation	26
7460022473	chemical reaction	a process that changes or transforms one set of chemicals into another	27
7460025000	catalyst	The action or material that starts a chemical reaction	28
7460027981	reactant	The element or compound that enters a chemical reaction	29
7460027982	enzyme	a molecule that lowers the reaction energy of chemical reactions	30
7460030510	product	an element or compound created by a chemical reaction	31
7460030511	substrate	a molecule that an enzyme uses	32
7459998650	Activation Energy	the energy required to get a chemical reaction started	33

Powered by Quizlet.com

Biochemistry Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images

8491701314	Carbon compounds	contain carbon, make up living things Can form 4 bonds Bonds can be with other elements or carbon Can be lots of shapes and sizes	0
8491701315	Functional groups	Special groups of atoms that usually participate in reactions Give different compounds different properties All functional groups important to life are polar	1
8491701316	Hydrophilic	Water loving	2
8491701317	Hydrophobic	Water hating	3
8491701318	Macromolecules	Gigantic molecules, thousands of atoms	4
8491701319	4 Types of Macromolecules	Carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, lipids	5
8491701320	Monomers	Individual building blocks of polymers	6
8491701321	Polymers	Chains of identical or similar molecules	7
8491701322	Carbohydrates	Main source of energy for cellular work	8
8491701323	Organic	Mostly carbon (C) and Hydrogen (H)	9
8491701324	Inorganic	Other elements, little or no C	10
8491701325	Dehydration Synthesis	Added monomers lose H or OH Release water Bond at oxygen - forms a bridge Polymer formed Building polymers/monomers together	11
8491701326	Hydrolysis Reaction	Water added to break bonds in polymers Reverse of dehydration synthesis Breaking polymers apart	12
8491701327	4 Characteristics of Carbohydrates	Made up of rings (or ring looking structure) Made up of ration CH2O End in "ose" OH (hydroxyl group)	13
8491701328	Monosaccharide	monomer Simple sugar	14
8491701329	Disaccharide	2 monosaccharides bonded Double sugar	15
8491701330	Polysaccharide	3 or more monosaccharides bonded Complex carb	16
8491701331	Function of Carbs	Short term energy Storage: polysaccharides	17
8491701332	Glycogen	How animals store excess sugar Mostly stored in liver and muscle cells When your glucose levels are low, broken down	18
8491701333	Starch	How plants store extra sugar Humans and other animals can break down Examples: potatoes, plantains, rice	19
8491701334	Cellulose	Structural Make plants rigid Cell walls Can't be broken down by humans and animals Examples: corn, legumes, lettuce	20
8491701335	Lipids	Made mostly of C and H, some O and P Mostly nonpolar Hydrophobic Common lipids: fat, oils, waxes	21
8491701336	Main Function of Lipids	Energy storage (long term)	22
8491701337	Additional functions of lipids	Cushioning and insulation	23
8491701338	Monomers that make up lipids	Glycerol and fatty acids	24
8491701339	Saturated Fat	No double bonds in the fatty acid Solid at room temperature SATURATED with hydrogens	25
8491701340	Unsaturated Fat	Double bonds in the fatty acid Liquid at room temperature	26
8491701341	Trans Fat	Really bad for you - causing cancer, diabetes, obesity, other health concerns	27
8491701342	Phospholipids	Glycerol with only two fatty acids Major component of CELL MEMBRANES Form a double layer in water	28
8491701343	Waxes	Protective coat for fruits and animals	29
8491701344	Hormones	Steroids	30
8491701345	Proteins (Function)	Structure, storage, defense, transport, and speeding up reactions Found in hair, muscles, feathers Common foods: meat, eggs, nuts	31
8491701346	Proteins (Structure)	Monomers: amino acids Amino group, carboxyl group, hydrogen and R group Only 20 different R genes Polymers: polypeptides STRUCTURE = FUNCTION	32
8491701347	Protein Synthesis	Link between the C and the N: peptide bond 2 amino acids joined = dipeptide bond	33
8491701348	Primary Protein Structure	Chain of amino acids	34
8491701349	Denaturation	Unravel/altar structure of a protein DESTROY	35
8491701350	Secondary Protein Structure	Folding/coiling pattern	36
8491701351	Tertiary Structure	Overall 3D shape	37
8491701352	Quaternary Structure	Multiple polypeptide chains twisted together	38
8491701353	Nucleic Acids Function	Store and transmit genetic information Heredity/genetics	39
8491701354	Nucleic Acid monomers	Nucleotides	40
8491701355	Two types of nucleic acids	DNA - Deoxyribonucleic Acid RNA - Ribonucleic Acid	41
8491701356	Nucleic Acid Structure	Made of C, H, O, N and P 5 carbon sugar, phosphate group, nitrogenous base	42

Powered by Quizlet.com

Biochemistry Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images

5954605024	Proton	Positively charged particle in the nucleus of an atom	0
5954609357	Electron	A negatively charged particle that orbits the nucleus of an atom	1
5954614191	Neutron	A small particle in the nucleus of the atom, with no electrical charge	2
5954618692	Energy level	Where electrons orbit the nucleus	3
5954629127	2	# of electrons in energy level 1	4
5954632091	8	# of electrons in energy levels 2 & 3	5
5954636011	Atomic mass	Total # of protons and neutrons found in the nucleus	6
5954645384	Atomic number	# of protons/electrons	7
5954652942	Element	A pure substance that can't be broken down into a simpler kind of matter	8
5954662110	Compound	Made of more than one element combined together	9
5954670747	Monomers	Simple building blocks	10
5955002359	Polymers	linked monomers	11
5955011571	Dehydration Synthesis	Joining of 2 molecules together by taking out water	12
5955023398	Carbohydrates	function: give energy	13
5955044657	Monosaccharide	Carbohydrate monomer	14
5955054604	Polysaccharide	Carbohydrate polymer	15
5955060750	Lipid	function: store energy, make up cell membrane, insulate	16
5955077818	Lipid	ex: fats, oils, waxes, steroids	17
5955081053	Protein	function: regulate cell processes, help form bones & muscles, etc.	18
5955114237	Reactants	The elements present when the reaction begins	19
5955118227	Products	The elements and compounds produced as a result of the reaction	20
5955121836	Enzyme	A protein that speeds up chemical reactions (catalyst)	21
5955133514	Amino acid	monomer for proteins; 20 different kinds; made of Amino, Hydrogen, Carboxyl, and R-groups	22
5955150076	DNA & RNA	2 types of nucleic acids	23
5955158787	Nucleotide	Nucleic acid monomer	24

Powered by Quizlet.com

Biochemistry Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images

3849283144	Organic	Contains carbon	0
3849284152	Inorganic	Does not contain carbon	1
3849286011	Covalent Bond	Sharing of electrons between two nonmetals	2
3849288003	Ionic Bond	Occurs between a metal and nonmetal when electrons are not shared	3
3849294009	Hydrogen Bond	Positive negative attraction between two polar molecules	4
3849299609	Polar	Molecule that has a positive and negative charge	5
3849301023	Nonpolar	Molecule that has NO positive and negative charge	6
3849303082	Adhesion	Attraction of water to another substance	7
3849304459	Cohesion	Attraction of water molecules	8
3849307237	High Specific Heat	Allows it to mediate extreme temperatures	9
3849318911	Hydrophobic	Water fearing	10
3849320013	Hydrophilic	Water loving	11
3849321304	Hydrocarbon	Molecule consisting of hydrogen and carbon atoms	12
3849324308	Functional Group	Cluster of atoms that makes a molecule hydrophilic	13
3849327323	Monomer	Individual repeating units	14
3849328222	Polymer	Many monomers connected together	15
3872158950	Condensation Reaction	Making a polymer from monomer units	16
3872179014	Dehydration Synthesis	Process of joining two molecules (or compounds) together following the removal of water	17
3872187919	Monosaccharide	A simple sugar, such as glucose or fructose	18
3872195859	Disaccharide	Any of a class of sugars, such as maltose, lactose, and sucrose, having two linked monosaccharide units per molecule	19
3872200930	Polysaccharide	A carbohydrate (e.g., starch, cellulose, or glycogen) whose molecules consist of a number of sugar molecules bonded together in a condensation reaction.	20
3872213352	Sucrose	Glucose + Fructose (table sugar)	21
3872215888	Maltose	Glucose + Glucose	22
3872217434	Lactose	Glucose + Galactose (milk sugar)	23
3872220594	Starch	Polysaccharide found in plants; digestible by animals	24
3872225380	Cellulose	Polysaccharide found in plants; plant cell walls; not digestible by animals	25
3872232790	Glycogen	Polysaccharide found in animals.	26
3872246150	Chitin	Polysaccharide; exoskeleton of insects	27
4981265007	Glucose	Most common monosaccharide	28
4981266724	Fructose	Monosaccharide found in fruit	29
4981271274	Galactose	Monosaccharide that is less sweet than glucose or fructose	30
4981291283	Fatty Acid	Monomer unit of lipids	31
4981294994	Triglyceride	3 fatty acids attached to a glycerol molecule (how animals store fat)	32
4981304373	Phospholipid	Consists of a polar head and two nonpolar tails (main component of cell membranes)	33
4981331123	Carboxyl	Functional group in lipids (COOH)	34
4981337842	Saturated Fat	Lipid found in animals with no double bonds (solid at room temp)	35
4981343353	Unsaturated Fat	Lipid found in plants with double bonds and missing hydrogen atoms. (oil at room temp)	36
4981356594	Wax	Long chain fatty acid with an alcohol attached to one end. (solid, high melting point, retards water)	37
4981367565	Steroids	Lipid made of 4 fused carbon rings (ex: cholesterol)	38
4983569245	Amino Acid	Monomer unit to a protein	39
4983572995	Peptide Bond	Name of bond joining two amino acids	40
4983578120	Polypeptide	Chain of amino acids joined by peptide bonds	41
4983582896	Enzyme	Type of protein that speeds up chemical reactions	42
4983676595	Denatured	When a protein loses shape and/or function	43
4983688524	Nucleotide	Monomer unit to a Nucleic Acid	44

Powered by Quizlet.com

Biochemistry Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images

8027963795	Water properties	Cohesion Adhesion Capillary action Good solvent Temperature regulation (m.p, b.p) Polar	0
8027996821	Cohesion	Water to water H bonds	1
8027999292	Adhesion	Water to surface or other molecules Polar	2
8028011577	Capillary action	Rise or fall of liquids bc of surface tension H bond, polar	3
8028022442	Good solvent	Polar	4
8028022443	Temperature regulation	a lot of energy to overcome to melt or boil H bonds	5
8028028707	pH	concentration of free H+ ions in solution	6
8028030851	2 metabolic reactions	Anabolic Catabolic	7
8028035725	Anabolic reaction	small to large condensation/dehydration synthesis photosynthesis	8
8028044183	Photosynthesis reaction	sun + CO2 + H2O -> C6H12O6 + O2 anabolic	9
8028038238	Catabolic reaction	large to small hydrolysis cell respiration	10
8028069325	cell respiration	C6H12O6 + O2 -> CO2 + H2O + ATP catabolic	11
8028079155	4 Macromolecules	carbohydrates lipids proteins nucleic acids	12
8028087696	carbohydrates	Monomer: monosaccharides	13
8028111193	Monosaccharides	Glucose Fructose Galactose C6H12O6 for all same formula, different structure & function (isomers)	14
8028155865	Polysaccharides	Glycogen (animals store sugar) Starch (plants store sugar) Cellulose (fibre structure of cell walls) Chitin (exoskeleton of insects)	15
8028135439	Disaccharides	Sucrose Lactose Maltose Isomers C12H22O11	16
8028087697	Lipids	Monomer: fatty acids	17
8028087698	Proteins	Monomer: amino acids made up of peptide bonds -> polypeptide	18
8028177189	Amino acid	Compound with an amino group on one end and a carboxyl group on the other end	19
8028097023	Nucleic acids	Monomer: nucleotides	20
8028124027	Isomers	Molecules of same formula Different properties, arrangement, function	21
8028194247	Protein structure	Primary: polypeptide Secondary: helix of pleated sheet Tertiary: Secondaries together Quarternary: Primary/secondary or tertiary + atom/molecule	22
8028213853	Inorganic	No carbon Not formed from living things or the remains of living things	23
8029708054	Peptide bond	A bond that links amino acids together in a protein. anabolic reaction	24
8029821538	Enzymes	Lipase Protease Carbohydrase proteins that speed up chemical reactions biological catalyst	25
8029832934	Enzyme characteristics	active site: break or combine very specific, only acts on 1 type of molecule -> many enzymes recycled, does not get used up	26
8029840882	Things that affect enzymes	temp pH salt concentration (salinity) conc of enz	27
8029851684	Endergonic	Endothermic Any process that absorbs energy	28
8029855534	Exergonic	Releases energy	29
8029859585	Feedback inhibition	Process in which the product or result stops or limits the process a way to control enzymes product competes w/ the substrate for the active site	30
8029867286	Allosteric inhibition	The process in which an enzyme's activity is changed because of binding to the allosteric site.	31
8029877581	Allosteric activation	occurs when an "activator" binds with the enzyme and increases its turnover rate	32
8029880876	Enzyme direct competition		33
8029880877	Enzyme indirect competition		34

Powered by Quizlet.com

Biochemistry Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images

8637929118	Carboxyl group		0
8637935545	Effect of carboxyl	acid, as in amino acids ("Acid group")	1
8637944346	Amine group		2
8637952416	effect of amine group	alkaline	3
8637957538	Hydroxyl group		4
8637965737	Hydroxyl group aka...	Alcohol	5
8637967886	Phosphate group		6
8637978949	Function of phosphate group	Energy transfer to drive endergonic reactions	7
8637987799	Carbohydrates composed of	C. H. and O	8
8637991935	Carbohydrates aka	Sugars	9
8637999760	Monosaccharide	A carb made of one sugar (One C ring)	10
8638003934	Disaccharide	A carb made of two sugars	11
8638008500	Glucose	Monosaccharide	12
8638011864	Fructose, sucrose	Disaccharide	13
8638014634	Polysaccharide	A carb made of a long chain of sugar	14
8638018544	Cellulose	Polysaccharide made of glucose chain, used for structure in plants	15
8639417028	Glycogen	Carbohydrates used for energy storage in plants	16
8639424958	Lipids	Large non-polar organic molecules	17
8639434039	Fats and steroids	2 classes of lipids	18
8639440232	Structure of a steroid	4 fused carbon rings	19
8639449940	4 ex: of steroids	Cholesterol, testosterone, estrogen, progesterone	20
8639466012	Difference between the steroids	Functional groups	21
8639473346	Structure of fat molecule	Glycerol, 3 fatty acids, (E)	22
8639487561	Fat with single bonds in the fatty acids. Straight, and solid	Saturated	23
8639495325	Double bonds in the fatty acid cause...	Kinks in the chain	24
8639500468	Phospholipid	A fat molecule with one fatty acid replaced by a polar phosphate	25
8639515889	Shape of a phospholipid		26
8639521704	Polarity of a phospholipid	Phosphate head polar Tails non-polar	27
8639529194	Micelle	A circle of phospholipids in H2O, heads on outside	28
8639537846	Bilayer	Double layer of phospholipids, heads on outside	29
8639555794	Description of structure and behaviour of cell membrane	fluid mosaic	30
8639563601	How many different amino acids are there?	20	31
8639566533	Peptide bond	Bonds that links amino acids together	32

Powered by Quizlet.com

Biochemistry Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images

5027854870	atom	the basic unit of matter	0
5027861311	subatomic particles	protons, neutrons, and electrons	1
5027868225	protons	positively charged particles found in the nucleus	2
5027874296	neutrons	have no charge, are found in the nucleus	3
5027882452	electrons	negatively charged particles found in the nucleus	4
5027888605	protons and neutrons share	the same mass	5
5027899710	there are always equal numbers of	protons and electrons	6
5027903752	mass number	protons plus neutrons	7
5027908137	atomic number	number of protons	8
5027915194	Bohr's model		9
5027921151	A decimal point in the mass number indicates	it has isotopes	10
5027925746	Schroedinger's model		11
5027929202	isotopes	different forms of an element: they contain the same proton(atomic)number, but different numbers of neutrons, making their mass numbers different	12
5027942892	element	pure substance that contains only one type of atom	13
5027950551	compound	substance formed by chemical combination of two or more elements in a fixed proportion	14
5245662627	valence electrons	electrons found in the outermost energy level of an atom	15
5245665348	octet rule	all atoms seek to have 8 valence electrons exception: hydrogen and helium which "want" and are satisfied with two	16

Class Notes

Social Science

Math

Science

Fine Arts

Test Prep

Textbook Notes

Members Only

Forum

Blogs

Textbook Request

Biochemistry Flashcards

Biochemistry Flashcards

Flashcards

Biochemistry Flashcards

Biochemistry Flashcards

Biochemistry Flashcards

Biochemistry Flashcards

Biochemistry Flashcards

Biochemistry Flashcards

Biochemistry Flashcards

Pages

Need Help?

Need Notes?

About Course-Notes.Org

You are here

Pages

Need Help?

Need Notes?

About Course-Notes.Org