| 2987992420 | Alexander of Macedon | King of India, conquered lots of land, military model. | | 0 |
| 2987992421 | Aristotle | Questioned the thought of nature, human belief, thought and knowledge. He was in Greece. | | 1 |
| 2987992422 | Ashoka | was an Indian emperor of the Maurya Dynasty who ruled almost all of the Indian subcontinent from circa 269 BCE to 232 BCE. | | 2 |
| 2987992423 | Atman | the principle of life.
the individual self, known after enlightenment to be identical with Brahman. | | 3 |
| 2987992424 | Augustus Caesar (Octavian) | was the founder of the Roman Empire and its first Emperor, ruling from 27 BC until his death in 14 AD. | | 4 |
| 2987992425 | Bhagavad-Gita | The Bhagavad Gita, often referred to as simply the Gita, Sanskrit verses, Hindu scripture in Sanskrit that is part of the Hindu epic Mahabharata. | | 5 |
| 2987992426 | Bodhisattva | (in Mahayana Buddhism) a person who is able to reach nirvana but delays doing so out of compassion in order to save suffering beings. | | 6 |
| 2987992427 | Buddhism | Philosophy that encompasses a variety of traditions, beliefs and spiritual practices largely based on teachings attributed to Gautama Buddha, commonly known as the Buddha. | | 7 |
| 2987992428 | Castes, Varna, jati | each of the hereditary classes of Hindu society, distinguished by relative degrees of ritual purity or pollution and of social status.
each of the four Hindu castes, Brahman, Kshatriya, Vaishya, and Shudra.
a Hindu caste or distinctive social group of which there are thousands throughout India; characteristic exclusive of occupation. | | 8 |
| 2987992429 | Confucianism | a system of philosophical and ethical teachings founded by Confucius and developed by Mencius. | | 9 |
| 2987992430 | Constantine | Constantine the Great, also known as Constantine I or Saint Constantine, was a Roman Emperor from 306 to 337 AD of Thraco-Illyrian ancestry. | | 10 |
| 2987992431 | Consul | In the roman republic, one of the two public officials elected each year to command the army and direct the government. | | 11 |
| 2987992432 | Cyrus the Great | Persians king who was a military genius, but his legacy of governing was more important - his tolerance. | | 12 |
| 2987992433 | Dao, Daoism. | A philosophy based on the ideas of the Chinese thinker Laozi, who taught that people should be guided by a universal force called the Dao. | | 13 |
| 2987992434 | Delian League | Athens helped organize the Delian League. In time, Athens took over leadership of the league and dominated all the city-states in it. | | 14 |
| 2991118685 | Deserification | the process by which fertile land becomes desert, typically as a result of drought, deforestation, or inappropriate agriculture. | | 15 |
| 2991223954 | Dharma | the basic principles of cosmic or individual existence : divine law, conformity to one's duty and nature. | | 16 |
| 2991225639 | Diaspora | Jews living outside Israel. | | 17 |
| 2991227519 | Diocletian | Roman emperor 284-305, in 286 he divided the empire between himself in the east and Maximian in the west. He launched the final persecution of the Christians 303. | | 18 |
| 2991247011 | Eightfold Path | The path to nirvana, comprising eight aspects in which an aspirant must become practiced: right views, intention, speech, action, livelihood, effort, mindfulness, and concentration. | | 19 |
| 2991251006 | Ethnic religions | One that appeals primarily to a specific group of people from a specific place. | | 20 |
| 2991269606 | Etruscans | The modern name given to a civilization of ancient Italy. | | 21 |
| 2991272836 | Forbidden City | An area of Beijing, China, that contains the former imperial palaces, to which entry was forbidden to all except the members of the imperial family and their servants. | | 22 |
| 2991278403 | Four noble truths | the four central beliefs containing the essence of Buddhist teaching. | | 23 |
| 2991295678 | Great Wall | a fortified wall in northern China, extending some 1,500 miles (2,400 km) from Kansu province to the Yellow Sea north of Beijing. It was first built c. 210 bc, as a protection against nomad invaders. The present wall dates from the Ming dynasty | | 24 |
| 2991306209 | Greek Classical Age | of or relating to the first significant period of an area of study | | 25 |
| 2991331448 | Gupta Empire | a Hindu dynasty established in ad 320 by Chandragupta I in Bihar. At one stage it ruled most of the north of the Indian subcontinent, but it began to disintegrate toward the end of the 5th century. | | 26 |
| 2991333099 | Han Wudi | Emperor Wu of Han, was the fifth emperor of the Han dynasty of China, ruling from 141 to 87 BC. | | 27 |
| 2991356801 | Hebrew Bible | the sacred writings of Judaism, called by Christians the Old Testament, and comprising the Law (Torah), the Prophets, and the Hagiographa or Writings. | | 28 |
| 2991359274 | Hellenistic Culture | of or relating to Greek history, language, and culture from the death of Alexander the Great to the defeat of Cleopatra and Mark Antony by Octavian in 31 bc. During this period Greek culture flourished, spreading through the Mediterranean and into the Near East and Asia. | | 29 |
| 2991361889 | Helots | a member of a class of serfs in ancient Sparta, intermediate in status between slaves and citizens. | | 30 |
| 2991390244 | Hinduism | a major religious and cultural tradition of South Asia, developed from Vedic religion. | | 31 |
| 2991390245 | Hoplites | a heavily armed foot soldier of ancient Greece. | | 32 |
| 2991391958 | Jesus of Nazareth | a teacher and prophet born in Bethlehem and active in Nazareth; his life and sermons form the basis for Christianity | | 33 |
| 2991396284 | Judaism | the monotheistic religion of the Jews. | | 34 |
| 2991398674 | Julius Caesar | Roman general, statesman, and historian. | | 35 |
| 2991400809 | Karma | the sum of a person's actions in this and previous states of existence, viewed as deciding their fate in future existences | | 36 |
| 2991410396 | Laozi | Chinese philosopher: reputed founder of Taoism. | | 37 |
| 2991412675 | Mahbharata | one of the two great Sanskrit epics of the Hindus, existing in its present form since c. ad 400.It describes the civil war waged between the five Pandava brothers and their 100 stepbrothers at Kuruksetra near modern Delhi. | | 38 |
| 2991416371 | Mauryan Dynasty | a South Asian dynasty established in the 4th century bc after invasions by Alexander the Great, members of which included the emperor Ashoka. | | 39 |
| 2991420277 | Minoans | an inhabitant of Minoan Crete or member of the Minoan people. | | 40 |
| 2991421844 | Moksha | (in Hinduism and Jainism) release from the cycle of rebirth impelled by the law of karma. | | 41 |
| 2991422783 | Monarchies | a political system in which a state is ruled by a monarch | | 42 |
| 2991424931 | Aristocracies | people of noble families or the highest social class | | 43 |
| 2991429369 | monotheism | the doctrine or belief that there is only one God. | | 44 |
| 2991430007 | mudras | a symbolic hand gesture used in Hindu and Buddhist ceremonies and statuary, and in Indian dance. | | 45 |
| 2991430805 | Myceneans | an inhabitant of Mycenae or member of the Mycenaean people. | | 46 |
| 2991431748 | natural law | a body of unchanging moral principles regarded as a basis for all human conduct. | | 47 |
| 2991433218 | nirvana | (in Buddhism) a transcendent state in which there is neither suffering, desire, nor sense of self, and the subject is released from the effects of karma and the cycle of death and rebirth. It represents the final goal of Buddhism. | | 48 |
| 2991434236 | Oceania | an area that encompasses the islands of the Pacific Ocean and adjacent seas. | | 49 |
| 2991435064 | Patricians
Plebeians | an aristocrat or nobleman.
(in ancient Rome) a commoner. | | 50 |
| 2991436662 | Paul of Tarsus | a Christian missionary to the Gentiles; author of several Epistles in the New Testament; even though Paul was not present at the Last Supper he is considered an Apostle; "Paul's name was Saul prior to his conversion to Christianity" | | 51 |
| 2991486468 | Pax Romana | the Roman peace; the long period of stability under the Roman Empire | | 52 |
| 2991487375 | Peloponnesian War | a war fought for supremacy in Greece from 431 to 404 bc, in which Athens and her allies were defeated by the league centred on Sparta | | 53 |
| 2991490207 | Pericles | Athenian leader noted for advancing democracy in Athens and for ordering the construction of the Parthenon. | | 54 |
| 2991497442 | Phoenicians | A people who lived in a region settled from 3000 BC corresponding to modern Lebanon. Sea traders and colonizers, the Phoenicians extended their empire to Carthage and Cyprus. First Persia, then Alexander the Great conquered the eastern part. | | 55 |
| 2991501575 | Plato | Greek philosopher noted for his many written dialogues in which his mentor Socrates appears as the central character. The best known of these, The Republic, expounds Plato's idealist philosophy and describes a hypothetical utopian state ruled by thinkers. He taught and wrote for much his life at the Academy, which he founded near Athens around 386. | | 56 |
| 2991504300 | Polis | A city-state of ancient Greece. | | 57 |
| 2991505838 | Polytheism | The worship of or belief in more than one god. | | 58 |
| 2991505839 | Punic Wars | Three wars in which Rome crushed Carthaginian power, destroying Carthage itself | | 59 |
| 2991508747 | Qin Dynasty | the Chinese dynasty (from 246 BC to 206 BC) that established the first centralized imperial government and built much of the Great Wall | | 60 |
| 2991511851 | Ramayana | A Sanskrit epic, traditionally attributed to Valmiki, that concerns the banishment of Rama from his kingdom, the abduction of his wife Sita by a demon and her rescue, and Rama's eventual restoration to the throne. | | 61 |
| 2991513437 | Reincarnation | Rebirth of the soul in another human or nonhuman body. | | 62 |
| 2991514630 | Roman Republic | the ancient Roman state from 509 BC until Augustus assumed power in 27 BC; was governed by an elected Senate but dissatisfaction with the Senate led to civil wars that culminated in a brief dictatorship by Julius Caesar | | 63 |
| 2991515726 | Roman Empire | during the time of Augustus, who ruled from 27 bc to ad 14. At its greatest extent it encompassed territories stretching from Britain and Germany to North Africa and the Persian Gulf. After 395 it was split into the Byzantine Empire and the Western Roman Empire | | 64 |
| 2991520572 | satraps | A governor of a province in ancient Persia. | | 65 |
| 2991521835 | scholar-gentry | were civil servants appointed by the emperor of China to perform day-to-day governance from the Han Dynasty to the end of the Qing Dynasty in 1912, China's last imperial dynasty. | | 66 |
| 2991523294 | secularism | principle of separation of government institutions, and the persons mandated to represent the State, from religious institutions and religious dignitaries. In one sense, secularism may assert the right to be free from religious rule and teachings, and the right to freedom from governmental imposition of religion upon the people within a state that is neutral on matters of belief | | 67 |
| 2991525910 | Senate | A senate is a deliberative assembly, often the upper house or chamber of a bicameral legislature or parliament | | 68 |
| 2991527494 | Shi Huangdi | was the king of the Chinese State of Qin from 246 BC to 221 BC, during the Warring States period. | | 69 |
| 2991537099 | Shiva | is a Hindu deity. He is considered the Supreme God within Shaivism, one of the three most influential denominations in Hinduism | | 70 |
| 2991537987 | Siddhartha Gautama | or simply the Buddha, was a sage on whose teachings Buddhism was founded. | | 71 |
| 2991538962 | Socrates | was a classical Greek Athenian philosopher. | | 72 |
| 2991540523 | Terra Cotta Army | sculptures depicting the armies of Qin Shi Huang, the first Emperor of China. It is a form of funerary art buried with the emperor in 210-209 BC and whose purpose was to protect the emperor in his afterlife. | | 73 |
| 2991543914 | The Analects | is the collection of sayings and ideas attributed to the Chinese philosopher Confucius and his contemporaries, traditionally believed to have been written by Confucius' followers. | | 74 |
| 2991545085 | Tribunes | was a title shared by elected officials in the Roman Republic. | | 75 |
| 2991546986 | Triumvirate | is a political regime dominated by three powerful individuals, each a triumvir. | | 76 |
| 2991550281 | Tyrants | a cruel and oppressive ruler: | | 77 |
| 2991552671 | universalizing religions | Christianity, Islam and Buddhism | | 78 |
| 2991556813 | yin-yang | two principles, one negative, dark, and feminine (yin) and one positive, bright, and masculine (yang) whose interaction influences the destinies of creatures and things. | | 79 |
| 2991558013 | Upanishads | a collection of texts which contain some of the central philosophical concepts of Hinduism, some of which are shared with Buddhism and Jainism | | 80 |
| 2991563607 | Vedas
Rig Veda | the most ancient Hindu scriptures, written in early Sanskrit and containing hymns, philosophy, and guidance on ritual for the priests of Vedic religion
the oldest and principal of the Vedas, a collection of 1028 hymns composed in the 2nd millennium bc in early Sanskrit | | 81 |
| 2991564692 | Virgil | Roman poet; Latin name Publius Vergilius Maro. Wrote the Eclogues, the Georgics, and the Aeneid | | 82 |
| 2991569406 | Vishnu | a god, originally a minor Vedic god, now regarded by his worshipers as the supreme deity and savior, by others as the preserver of the cosmos in a triad with Brahma and Shiva. | | 83 |
| 2991570820 | Warring States Period | It was a period of violence and chaos during which the philosopher Sun-Tzu is said to have lived and culture to have flourished. | | 84 |
| 2991574632 | Xerxes | king of Persia (son of darius 1) | | 85 |
| 2991581972 | Xiao,
Ren
Li | the attitude of obedience, devotion, and care toward one's parents and elder family members that is the basis of individual moral conduct and social harmony
"humanity," "humaneness," "goodness," "benevolence," or "love"
concept often rendered as "ritual," "proper conduct," or "propriety." | | 86 |
