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Chemistry

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LAB "A pennys worth"

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A PENNYS WORTH Asen Gradinarov Lab Partners: Shadman Islem H Chemistry Period 3-4A Dr. Schweyer 1/07/11 A PENNYS WORTH Asen Gradinarov Lab Partners: Shadman Islem H Chemistry Period 3-4A Dr. Schweyer 1/07/11 ABSTRACT Intermolecular forces are very important in holding the chemical make up of many substances, and have an affect on the substances reactions. These intermolecular forces are shown by the liquids in this lab. The interaction of molecules on a surface becomes greater with stronger intermolecular forces. INTRODUCTION

Feasibility Study

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Proposition for the Science Show Turning a Copper Penny into Silver and then Into Gold This experiment will be done by taking a penny and then putting it into a beaker with zinc chloride. Then strips of zinc metal will be placed into the solution with the penny. After doing so place the beaker onto a hot plate and let the solution boil. After doing so the penny will appear to have turned into silver. Then by washing off the penny and then putting it on the hotplate on its own, the penny will appear to have turned gold.
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CHemistry review

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Notes 10/07 Matter- anything that has mass and takes up space All matter is composed of atoms There are 92 naturally occurring elements 6 of these elements (CHNOPS-Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus, Sulfur) make up 90-95% Elements- formed by explosion of supernova stars When this explosion occurs, they spew gas and a cloud of gas and dust is formed. This cloud is a nebula Everything is formed from this star explosion dust (including us) A nebula created our solar system 4.6 billion years ago Atoms have subatomic particles called: Protons: in the nucleus, positive charge, has mass, # of them cannot be changed chemically Protons are the identity of an element of the atomic number, it defines the element like C(carbon) has an atomic number of 6= 6 protons

Notes

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Chemical bonding
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Name: _________________________________ What You Need To Know for the Chemistry Regents Exam The Test The Chemisty Regents Exam is broken down into three sections: Part A: 35 mulitple choice questions from all units covered over the course of the school year. Part B: Approximately 25 questions, with a mix of short answer and multiple choice. Questions focus on the Reference Tables, graphing, and laboratory experiments. Part C: Approximately 15 short answer questions, most broken down into smaller parts. This is often an eclectic, unpredictable mix of questions from various units, and may demand students write short paragraphs, use equations and reference tables, or draw graphs and diagrams in order to correctly answer the questions.

Equilibrium test problems

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Nitrosyl chloride
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Equilibrium

Nitrosyl chloride is an orange gas that dissociates into chlorine and nitrogen monoxide: 2 ClNO (g) ? 2 NO (g) + Cl2 (g) In an experiment, 3.00 atm of NO, 2.00 atm of Cl2, and 5.00 atm of ClNO were introduced into a 1.0 L container. After the reaction was allowed to come to equilibrium at 298 K, there were 6.12 atm of ClNO in the container. Use this information to determine KP and the equilibrium partial pressures of NO (g) and Cl2 (g). Calculate KC at 1000 K. Calculate KP for the equilibrium: 4 NO (g) + 2 Cl2 (g) ? 4 ClNO (g). Use the following information to calculate ?H? of the reaction. ?H?f (kJ/mol) ClNO (g) 54.6 NO (g) 90.5 Cl2 (g) 0

molarity and dilution

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Molarity Worksheet 1. Sea water contains roughly 28.0 g of NaCl per liter. What is the molarity of sodium chloride in sea water? 2. What is the molarity of 245.0 g of H2SO4 dissolved in 1.00 L of solution? 3. What is the molarity of 5.30 g of Na2CO3 dissolved in 400.0 mL solution? 4. What is the molarity of 5.00 g of NaOH in 750.0 mL of solution? 5. How many moles of Na2CO3 are there in 10.0 L of 2.0 M soluton? 6. How many moles of Na2CO3 are in 10.0 mL of a 2.0 M solution? 7. How many moles of NaCl are contained in 100.0 mL of a 0.20 M solution? 8. What weight (in grams) of NaCl would be contained in problem 7? 9. What weight (in grams) of H2SO4 would be needed to make 750.0 mL of 2.00 M solution? 10. What volume (in mL) of 18.0 M H2SO4 is needed to contain 2.45 g H2SO4?

Empiricl Formula Lab Write up

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5. Empirical Formula of a Compound Chem 1111 Revision S7 Page 1 of 6 Cautions Magnesium ribbon is flammable. Ammonia gas is toxic and harmful. Hot ceramic crucible and metal items can produce a severe burn. Purpose The purpose will be to determine the empirical formula of magnesium oxide by burning the pure magnesium metal in air. Introduction The simplest whole number ratio of moles of the elements in a compound is known as the Empirical Formula. This can be determined experimentally if a chemical compound can be synthesized from an element. This process requires three steps: 1. Determine the mass of each element in the compound 2. Calculate the number of moles of each element in the sample.

Ionic/Covalent Bonds

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Ionic bond is between a metal and non-metal and has the electronegativity difference of 1.7 or higher. Also Ionic bonds take electrons from other elements. Convalent is usually between a non-metal and non-metal and shares electrons.
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