History of the United States

Americans Independence (1763-1789) 21. Navigation Acts: only English and American ships allowed to colonial ports; dissent began in 1763 22. Mercantilism: ensured trade with mother country, nationalism; too restrictive on colonial economy, not voted on by colonists 23. Charles II, James II: tried to rule as absolute monarchs without using Parliament, little to no sympathy for colonial legislatures 24. William and Mary: ended the Dominion of New England, gave power back to colonies 25. Dominion of New England: combined Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Connecticut, Rhode Island, and Plymouth (and later?Jersey and New York) into one ?super colony? governed by Sir?Edmond Andros, a ?super governor?

Jefferson?s Administration and Growth of Nationalism (1800-1820) 91. Election of 1800: Adams, Jefferson, and Burr: Adams lost, Jefferson and Burr tied, Hamilton convinced other Federalists to vote for Jefferson to break the tie 92. Barbary Pirates: North African Muslim rulers solved budget?problems through piracy and tributes in Mediterranean, obtained fees from most European powers 93. Midnight judges: judges appointed to Supreme Court by Adams in the last days of his presidency to force them upon Jefferson, Marshall among those appointed 94. ?Marbury v. Madison: John Marshall declared that the Supreme Court could declare federal laws unconstitutional

Slavery and Sectionalism (1845-1860) 136. Nat Turner?s Rebellion: Nat Turner led a slave rebellion in Virginia, attacked many whites, prompted non-slaveholding Virginians to consider emancipation 137. Yeoman Farmers: family farmers who hired out slaves for the harvest season, self-sufficient, participated in local markets alongside slave owners 138. Underground Railroad: network of safe houses of white abolitionists used to bring slaves to freedom Harriet Tubman ? worked alongside Josiah Henson to make repeated trips to get slaves out of the South into freedom 139. ?Wage slaves?: northern factory workers who were discarded when too old to work (unlike the slaves who were still kept fed and clothed in their old age) 140. Nativism: anti-immigrant, especially against Irish Catholics

World War I (1910-1920) 255. Lusitania: British passenger liner secretly carrying ammunition sunk by German u-boat, included American passengers 256. Zimmerman Note: intercepted by Britain; Germany proposed alliance with Mexico, using bribe of return of TX, NM, and AZ; Japan included in alliance 257. Unrestricted submarine warfare: Germany announced that it would sink all (including American) ships, attempt to involve U.S.in war? 258. Creel Committee: Committee on Public Information; aimed to sell America and the world on Wilson?s war goals; propaganda, censorship, ?four-minute men? speeches, ?Liberty Leagues? (spy on community) 259. War Industries Board: attempted to centralize production of war?materials; ineffective due to American desire for laissez-faire government