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Humanities

Europe

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Chapter?23: The Transformation of Europe Chapter Outline The fragmentation of western Christendom The Protestant Reformation Martin Luther (1483-1546) attacked the sale of indulgences, 1517 Attacked corruption in the Roman Catholic Church; called for reform Argument reproduced with printing presses and widely read Enthusiastic popular response from lay Christians, princes, and many cities By mid-sixteenth century, half the German people adopted Lutheran Christianity Reform spread outside Germany Protestant movements popular in Swiss cities, Low Countries English Reformation sparked by King Henry VIII's desire for divorce John Calvin, French convert to Protestantism Organized model Protestant community in Geneva in the 1530s

Chapter 17 APWH

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Chapter 17 The Transformation of the West I. Introduction A. 1450-1750 dramatic changes 1. Still agricultural 2. Commercially active 3. Manufacturing base 4. Science at center of society 5. Shifting ideas of family/nature 6. Increased bureaucratization ? sound familiar? B. Reasons for change 1. Dominance of international trade 2. Overseas expansion 3. Combination of commerce, state, culture, and technology 4. 1450-1650 ? series of cultural shifts 5. 1650-1750 ? Scientific Revolution > Enlightenment II. The First Big Changes: Culture and Commerce A. The Italian Renaissance 1. Artistic movement 2. Challenged medieval values/styles a. Examine old truths 3. Why in Italy? a. Urban, commercial economy

American Pageant 13E Chapter 8 Study Guide

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Student Study Guide for the American Pageant Chapter 8 America Secedes from the Empire? seq NL1 \r 0 \h chapter summary Even after Lexington and Concord, the Second Continental Congress did not at first pursue independence. The Congress?s most important action was selecting George Washington as military commander.

American Pageant 13E Chapter 5 Study Guide

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Student Study Guide for the American Pageant CHAPTER 5 Colonial Society on the Eve of Revolution, 1700?1775 seq NL1 \r 0 \h Chapter Summary ? By 1775 the thirteen American colonies east of the Appalachians were inhabited by a burgeoning population of two million whites and half a million blacks. The white population was increasingly a melting pot of diverse ethnic groups including Germans and the Scots-Irish.

ch5 notes

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7/8/13 12:03 PM The ?original 13 colonies? is not true. Britain had 32 colonies, but the saying comes from the fact that those 13 colonies were the ones to rebel for independence against Britain Conquest by the Cradle Large populations was what the rebellious settlements shared Colonists were doubling their numbers every 25 years Average age of Americans was 16 A Mingling of the Races Many Germans fled to America because of religious persecution, economic oppression, and war Mostly in Pennsylvania The South held 90% of the African American population The variety of Europeans coming to America (Dutch, Swedes, Jews, Irish, etc) contributed to a new mixture of blood that is the present day American

Tariffs to remember for apush exam

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U.S. History and Tariffs Tariff of 1816 ? designed to defend U.S. business from Britain ? created by nationalist Congress ? 20 to 25% tax on imports ? Calhoun supports Tariff to help Southern manufacturing ? Daniel Webster opposes tariff due to shipping priority over manufacturing Tariff of 1824 ? 35% tax on imports Tariff of 1828 ? The ?abominable? tariff angered South Carolinians ? majority southern ?nullies? tried to nullify it in South Carolina ? minority unionists blocked the ?nullies? Tariff of 1832 ? lessened some of the worst abominations of Tariff of 1828 ? reduced rate of 1828 tariff by 10% ? special state convention in South Carolina declares the tariff null in that state ? President Jackson opposes the ?nullies? and Calhoun.

American Romanticism

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Wiki Romanticism (also the Romantic era or the Romantic period) was an artistic, literary, and intellectual movement that originated in Europe toward the end of the 18th century and in most areas was at its peak in the approximate period from 1800 to 1850. Partly a reaction to the Industrial Revolution,[1] it was also a revolt against the aristocratic social and political norms of the Age of Enlightenment and a reaction against the scientific rationalization of nature.[2] It was embodied most strongly in the visual arts, music, and literature, but had a major impact on historiography,[3] education[4] and the natural sciences.[5] Its effect on politics was considerable and complex; while for much of the peak Romantic period it was associated with

Persia Chart 7 Russia

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CIVILIZATION: Russia (600-1450) Time Period: 600-1450CE Geographic Description: -Dneiper River flows North to South into the Black Sea which provided interaction with Constantinople; Kiev (early center of Russia- now Ukraine)developed along the river to the north as a major trading city -lands surrounding Dneiper and Kiev are a bread basket -tundra to the north -Ural Mountains (old and not very high serve as the East divide between Europe and Asia -Russia?s topography is relatively flat because it is located along the Eurasian Plain P -Early Russia borrowed heavily from Constantinople (Byzantine Empire) -the Cyrillic Alphabet was made when the Bible was translated into Slavic Languages; adopted from the Greek alphabet that the Byzantine Empire used

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