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Child development

Chapter 11: Psychology: Themes and Variations, Canadian Edition

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Developmental Psychology critical period: brain is set to acquire a function during a limited period of time e.g. language acquisition has a critical period sensitive period: progression will be impaired, but can be overcome critical periods of vulnerability - e.g. severe mental retardation will occur if a mother contracts measles while gestating in germinal period, 20% of pregnancies spontaneously abort in embryonic period, 33% of pregnancies spontaneously abort vulnerable to outside influence (i.e. birth defects can occur) teratogens: environmental agents which can harm the fetus fetal alcohol syndrome does not always occur malnutrition can have a strong effect on birth defects smoking is linked to miscarriages, premature births, stillbirths, sudden infant death syndrome

Weiten Chapter 10

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Chapter 10: Human Development Across the Life Span Progress Before Birth: Prenatal Development 3 phases germinal stage = first 2 weeks conception, implantation, formation of placenta embryonic stage = 2 weeks ? 2 months formation of vital organs and systems fetal stage = 2 months ? birth bodily growth continues, movement capability begins, brain cells multiply age of viability Figure 10.1 Overview of fetal development Environmental Factors and Prenatal Development Maternal nutrition Malnutrition linked to increased risk of birth complications, neurological problems, and psychopathology Maternal drug use Tobacco, alcohol, prescription, and recreational drugs Fetal alcohol syndrome Environmental Factors and Prenatal Development Maternal illness

AP Psycholgy Chapter 4 Notes

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DEVELOPMENT Developmental psych-studies physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the life span Issue #1: Nature v. Nurture- how to genetic inheritance and experience influence our behavior John Locke ? tabula rasa (blank slate)?nurture Jean-Jacques Rousseau ? children should be allowed to grow as their nature dictates, don?t interfere-nature John B. Watson? everything is learned Issue #2: Continuity v. discontinuity (stage theorists) Continuity ? development is very gradual and there are few, if any, dramatic shifts in development (like riding an escalator) Discontinuity ? specific stages in cognitive and moral development- do our early personality traits persist through life, or do we become different as we age

AP Psychology Chapter 4: Development

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DEVELOPMENT Developmental psych-studies physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the life span Issue #1: Nature v. Nurture- how to genetic inheritance and experience influence our behavior John Locke ? tabula rasa (blank slate)?nurture Jean-Jacques Rousseau ? children should be allowed to grow as their nature dictates, don?t interfere-nature John B. Watson? everything is learned Issue #2: Continuity v. discontinuity (stage theorists) Continuity ? development is very gradual and there are few, if any, dramatic shifts in development (like riding an escalator) Discontinuity ? specific stages in cognitive and moral development- do our early personality traits persist through life, or do we become different as we age
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