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Membrane biology

AP Bio notes

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Biology
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Biology
organelles
Membrane biology
Cell Biology
Endomembrane system
cell
Endoplasmic reticulum
Cytoplasm
Cytoskeleton
Cytosol
Vesicle
Eukaryote
health

6.2 Eukaryotic Cells I. Eukaryotic cells include animal, plant, protest, and fungi cells. Prokaryotic cells include bacteria and archaea. A. Eukaryotic vs Prokaryotic 1. SMILARITIES a. bounded by plasma membrane b. within membrane is a semifluid substance called cytosol in which organelles are found c. chromosomes ? carrying genes in form of RNA/DNA d. ribosomes ? tiny organelles that make proteins from genes 2. DIFFERENCES Eukaryote Prokaryote - Nucleus (chromosomes) - Nucleoid (but no membrane separates it from rest of the cell)

CHAPTER 7 SECTION 2

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Membrane biology
Cell Biology
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Vesicle
Endoplasmic reticulum
Cytoplasm
Biological membrane
Endomembrane system
Eukaryote
mitochondrion
health

Lesson Overview 7.2 Cell Structure 7.2 Bellringer ? Division of Labor Division of Labor A cell is made up of many parts with different functions that work together. Similarly, the parts of a computer work together to carry out different functions. 1. List different parts & function of a computer. 2. How do the functions of these computer parts correspond to the functions of certain cell parts? 3. What might happen if one part of a computer stopped working? THINK ABOUT IT At first glance, a factory is a puzzling place, and the sheer diversity of activity can be confusing. However, if you take your time and watch carefully, what might at first seem like chaos begins to make sense. The same is true for the living cell. Student Objectives

Cellular Transportation Overview

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diffusion
Membrane biology
Transport phenomena
Water technology
Cell Biology
Osmosis
Tonicity
Passive transport
Reverse osmosis
Active transport
Molecular diffusion
health
Technology

Cellular Transportation Josey Nelson Introduction Helps in maintaining homeostasis Two types: Passive Transportation No energy required Two main types High to low concentration Active Transportation Uses ATP for transportation Low to high concentration Diffusion The movement of particles from high concentration to low concentration Purpose: to reach equilibrium Osmosis is diffusion of water 3 major types Diffusion of ions Diffusion of molecules Osmosis (diffusion of water) Facilitated Diffusion Uses proteins to transport ions and molecules High to low concentration Requires Carrier Proteins No ATP (energy) Types of Solutions Hypotonic: a solution that contains higher water concentrations in solution

Cell Components

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bacteria
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Ribosome
Flagellum
health

Components of Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cells Cell Component Main Functions Prokaryotic Eukaryotic Bacteria, Archaea Protists Fungi Plants Animals Cell Wall Protection, structural support # # X X ---- Plasma Membrane Control of substances moving into & out of cell X X X X X Nucleus Physical separation of DNA of cytoplasm ----! X X X X DNA Encodes hereditary info X X X X X Nucleolus Assembly of ribosome subunits ---- X X X X Ribosome Protein synthesis X X X X X Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Synthesis, modification of membrane proteins, lipid synthesis ---- X X X X Golgi Body Final modification of membrane proteins; sorting, packaging lipids & proteins into vesicles ---- X X X X

API Marieb Notes Chapter 3

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Protein biosynthesis
Gene expression
Membrane biology
Molecular biology
Cell Biology
Ribosome
cell
Translation
Messenger RNA
Nuclear pore
Gene
health

Chapter 3: Cells Required Readings: pgs. 61 ? 77 and 81 - 106 Questions: Check your understanding #1, 3 ? 5, 8, 13, 17 ? 19, and 26 ? 31 Review questions #1 ? 6, 8, 10, 11, 13 ? 17, 21 ? 24; #8 Vocabulary terms: Cell Exocytosis Ribosomes Cell theory Endocytosis Cilia Plasma membrane Phagocytosis Flagella Selective permeability Pinocytosis Interphase Concentration gradient Receptor-mediated endocytosis G0 phase Homeostasis Microvilli G1 phase Integral proteins Tight junctions S phase Peripheral proteins Desmosomes G2 phase Hydrophobic tails Gap junctions Mitosis Hydrophilic heads Cytoplasm Mitotic phase Passive transport Nucleus Prophase Active transport Nuclear envelope Metaphase Solvent Nuclear pore Anaphase Solute

Cell Membrane

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Membrane biology
Cell membrane
Membrane protein
Lipid bilayer
Membrane transport
Carrier protein
Semipermeable membrane
cell
Passive transport
Red blood cell
Biological membrane
health

Active transport - The transport of molecules across a membrane and against their natural flow; mediated by carrier proteins and requiring outside energy. Carrier protein - A protein responsible for mediating the active transport of molecules from one side of the lipid bilayer to the other. Transport is carried out by a conformational change that occurs within the protein that forms an opening for specific molecules to pass through. Channel protein - A protein responsible for mediating the passive transport of molecules from one side of the lipid bilayer to the other. Transport is carried out by its membrane-spanning hydrophilic structure which, when open, allows molecules to pass through.

Cell Membrane

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Biology
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Membrane biology
Cell membrane
Membrane protein
Lipid bilayer
Membrane transport
Carrier protein
Semipermeable membrane
cell
Passive transport
Transmembrane protein
Red blood cell
health

Active transport - The transport of molecules across a membrane and against their natural flow; mediated by carrier proteins and requiring outside energy. Carrier protein - A protein responsible for mediating the active transport of molecules from one side of the lipid bilayer to the other. Transport is carried out by a conformational change that occurs within the protein that forms an opening for specific molecules to pass through. Channel protein - A protein responsible for mediating the passive transport of molecules from one side of the lipid bilayer to the other. Transport is carried out by its membrane-spanning hydrophilic structure which, when open, allows molecules to pass through.

Campbell Biology Ch 6 Study Guide

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Membrane biology
Cell Biology
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Endomembrane system
mitochondrion
Cytoplasm
plant cell
Ribosome
Cytoskeleton
Eukaryote
health

CHAPTER 6 A TOUR OF THE CELL Learning objectives: How We Study Cells Distinguish between magnification and resolution. Magnification is how large it appears, resolution is how clear. Describe the principles, advantages, and limitations of the light microscope, transmission electron microscope, and scanning electron microscope. Light Microscope: Visible light comes through the bottom up to the lens. Can magnify up to 1000x and study living cells, but cannot view smaller objects such as cell organelles.

Campbell Biology Ch 7 Study Guide

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Membrane biology
Cell membrane
Osmosis
Semipermeable membrane
Lipid bilayer
Membrane transport
Membrane protein
Carrier protein
Facilitated diffusion
Biological membrane
Active transport
health

CHAPTER 7 MEMBRANE STUCTURE AND FUNCTION Membrane Structure Explain the meaning of the statement that phospholipids and most other membrane constituents are amphipathic molecules. It means that they have both a hydrophilic region and a hydrophobic region. Explain how the fluid mosaic model of a membrane is structured and the evidence that supports the model. The membrane is a fluid structure with a mosaic of various proteins embedded in or attached to a double layer of phospholipids. Using freeze-fracture to study cells under an electron microscope has shown a pattern that appears to agree with the fluid mosaic model. Describe the fluidity of the components of a cell membrane and explain how membrane fluidity is influenced by temperature and membrane composition.

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