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Geography of Iraq

persia_chart_2_river_valleys.doc

Subject: 
World History
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Civilizations
Fertile Crescent
Ancient Near East
Mesopotamia
Geography of Iraq
Irrigation
Harappa
Vedic period
Old Kingdom of Egypt
Euphrates
Nile
Hinduism

Mesopotamia Egypt Indus Shang China Time period 3500 BCE 3200 BCE 2500 BCE 1650 BCE Geographic Description Tigris and Euphrates river flooding Few natural barriers Invasions and trade caused city-states to initially develop Nile River. Predictable floods. Natural barriers like desert. People settled on one side of river; other side reserved for religion; led to centralization Indus river and later Ganges Violent flooding due to seasonal monssons Buffered by the foothills of the Hindu Kush Mts although Arynas found a pass (Kyber Pass) Huang He (Yellow) and Yangtze rivers. Unpredictable flooding ?River of Sorrows? Natural barriers led to geographic isolation..Middle Kingdom. River meandered so it caused decentralized feudalism P Made organized city-states.

Chapter 2 Summary

Subject: 
World History
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Asia
Civilizations
Middle East
Fertile Crescent
Ancient Near East
Geography of Iraq
Western Asia
Mesopotamia
Sumer
Cradle of civilization
3rd millennium BC
Ancient history
chapter 2 summary

Chapter 2 The Rise of Civilization in the Middle East and Africa CHAPTER SUMMARY Full civilizations emerged first in the Tigris-Euphrates valley, by 3500 B.C.E., and in Egypt by 3000 B.C.E. along the Nile. The two very different civilizations had distinct political and cultural characteristics which influenced both neighboring and distant succeeding generations. Both civilizations encountered difficulties around 1000 B.C.E. as the rivervalley period ended, but by then they produced offshoots in neighboring regions. Setting the Scene: The Middle East by 4000 B.C.E. The first civilizations developed through gradual agricultural consolidation and technical advance. The resulting more complex economy created the need

Chapter 1-3

Subject: 
World History
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Asia
Civilizations
Fertile Crescent
Sociocultural evolution
Ancient Near East
Geography of Iraq
Mesopotamia
neolithic revolution
Trade
Irrigation
Indus River
Environment

Period One: to 600 B.C.E Paleolithic Period: Humans migrated from Africa to Eurasia, Australia, and the Americas Adapted to different environmental settings Developed various technologies Fire (hunting, protection, warmth) Created economic structures (some trade) Development of Agriculture Mesopotamia - first place Nile River Valley Sub-Saharan Africa Indus River Valley Yellow River or Huang He Valley Neolithic Revolution Warming Climates Agriculture appeared (food reliable and surplus) Pastoralism Changes to Environment (irrigation) Domestication of Animals Population increased Social Complexity/Specialization of Labor Social Classes and Forced Labor System Women were the first farmers Improvements in Agricultural Production, Trade and Transportation Pottery Plows

REVIEW CHART iA

Subject: 
World History
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Tags: 
Asia
Civilizations
Fertile Crescent
Middle East
Ancient Near East
Geography of Iraq
Archaeology of Iraq
Achaemenid Empire
Mesopotamia
Sumer
Ancient history
religion

CHARLES LIAM PILLUS REVIEW CHART A/1 ANCIENT STUFF: ~(8000 BCE-600 CE) AP WORLD HISTORY MS.VENUTI EUROPE,S.E. ASIA, CENTRAL ASIA, XX BACKGROUND INFORMATION Nomads did not build cities, have tools + would follow food **spoken language, control/use fire, simple tools out of stone Foraging societies lived in small groups traveled a lot + limited by their surroundings Pastoral societies domestication of animals in mountainous regions w insufficient rainfall small scale agriculture --> supplemented animals women had few rights few personal possessions always on the move, animals needed to graze cultivation of plants (8000 BCE - 3000 BCE) AKA Neolithic (?New Stone?) Revolution or Agriculture Revolution small independent groups civilizations were not around till around 3000 BCE
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