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AP World History Chapter 7 Strayer Flashcards

8299848143	American Web	The network of trade that linked parts of the pre-Columbian Americas. Provided a means of exchange for luxury goods and ideas over large areas	0
8299848144	Black Death	Name given to the massive epidemic that swept Eurasia in the 14th century	1
8299848148	Ghana, Mali, Songhay	A series of important states that developed in the western and central Sudan, in response to the economic opportunities of trans-Saharan trade	2
8299848149	Ibn Battuta	A famous Arab scholar, merchant and public official who visited much of the Islamic world in the 14th century	3
8299848150	Great Zimbabwe	A powerful state in the African interior that apparently emerged from the growing trade in gold to the East African coast	4
8299848151	Indian Ocean Trade Network	The world's largest sea-based system of communication and trade before 1500ce	5
8299848155	Pochteca	Professional merchants among the Aztecs	6
8299848158	Sand Roads	the routes of the trans-Saharan trade in Africa	7
8299848159	Silk Roads	Land based trade routes that linked the distant peoples of Eurasia	8
8299848160	Swahili Civilization	An East African civilization that emerged in the 8th century from a blending of Bantu, Islamic and other Indian Ocean trade elements	9
8299848161	Srivijaya	A Malay kingdom that dominated the straits of Malacca between 670 and 1025 ce. Noted for its creation of native/indian hybrid culture	10
8299848162	Venice	An Italian city that by 1000 ce emerged as a major center of Mediterranean trade	11
8299848163	trans-Saharan slave trade	A fairly small-scale trade that developed in the 12th century with west African slaves captured in raids being exported across the Sahara for sale mostly as household servants in Islamic North Africa	12
8299848164	Third-Wave Civilizations	Civilizations that emerged between 500 and 1500 ce and were typified by intensifying trade networks	13

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AP Literature Vocab List #2 Flashcards

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10624645395	admonish	warn or reprimand someone firmly	0
10624645396	akimbo	with hand on hip and elbow bent outward	1
10624645397	lassitude	a state of physical or mental weariness; lack of energy	2
10624648127	licentious	immoral; unrestrained by society	3
10624648128	muse	to think about in a dreamy way	4
10624651044	pecuniary	having to do with money	5
10624651045	plight	a dangerous, difficult, or otherwise unfortunate situation	6
10624653064	presumptuous	assuming too much; arrogant	7
10624653065	subversive	intended to undermine or overthrow	8
10624655984	vacuous	lacking ideas or intelligence	9

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List Two AP Literature Vocabulary Flashcards

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7375204687	dour	adj. sour; sullen; gloomy; stern; harsh his dour expression	0
7375204688	ebullient	adj. full of enthusiasm; bubbling with energy; exuberant; agitated, her ebullient personality	1
7375204689	ecstatic	adj. overpowered by delight; enraptured, he was ecstatic at the news of his acceptance to Harvard	2
7375204690	enervate	v. to deprive of nervous energy; deaden; to weaken morally or physically, chemo can enervate a person for weeks after a treatment	3
7375204691	engender	v. to cause; to produce; to foster; to create, hatred engenders violence	4
7375204692	ephemeral	n./adj. short lived; fleeting, transitory, the ephemeral joys of summer	5
7375204693	esoteric	adj. hidden; secret; private; confidential; cryptic; understood by or meant for a few, the poem's esoteric allusion	6
7375204694	expiate	v. to atone for; to make amends for; appease, to expiate one's crimes	7
7375204695	fiasco	n. complete failure, calamity, collapse, the party was a fiasco	8
7375204696	flaccid	adj. flabby, limp; weak; lacking force or vigor, flaccid bicepts	9
7375204697	laconic	brief, terse, not talkative; concise to the point of being rude, he gave a laconic reply "yup."	10
7375204698	latent	adj. unrevealed; unused; dormant; hidden; quiescent, a latent talent for drawing	11
7375204699	lethargy/lethargic	n./adj. sluggish; drowsily lazy; stupefied or in a stupor; abnormally sleepy; indifferent, lizards become lethargic in cold weather	12
7375204701	lugubrious	adj. ridiculously sorrowful or mournful, lugubrious songs of lost love	13
7375204703	moribund	adj. obsolete; ending; decreasing; approaching death, Are Republicans a moribund party?	14

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pre-AP world history chapter 10 review Flashcards

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6147415644	What was the Sui Dynasty's greatest accomplishment?	Grand Canal	0
6147415645	Building the ______ _______________ facilitated trade between northern and southern...	Grand Canal; China	1
6252093214	4 reasons for the fall of the Sui	1. over-extended their territory 2. public works programs were expensive 3. emperor was assasinated 4. need for more resources	2
6252108425	ambitious military required high levels of _________________ for providing food, labor, etc. and a new leader was hard to find	organization	3
6252112796	____ family and ___ ________ created a new dynasty called _______	Li; Li Shimin; Tang	4
6252121253	Political purpose of Buddhism encouraged leaders to weld people into a ______________ society	harmonious	5
6252125626	Tang empire was ___________ because it mixed cultures from around Asia	cosmopolitan	6
6252130639	Nobility of Tang was descended from ________ who built small states after the fall of Han	Turks	7
6252135999	the Tang appreciated _________ societies, horses and ___________	nomadic; camels	8
6252138215	Great Vehicle	Mahayana Buddhism	9
6252145206	Mahayana Buddhists fostered faith in enlightened beings who postponed nirvana to help others called...	Bodhisattvas	10
6252152162	contributed the _________wealth to governemnet chests	monastic	11
6252157670	where other countries acknowledged the supremacy of the Chinese emperor	tributary system	12
6252161563	people agreed to the tributary system to maintain ________ and stay __________	trade; safe	13
6252163432	2 serious rivals to the Tnag	Uighurs and Tibetans	14
6252173467	pastoral nomads related to mongols that would later come to dominate China; Siberian challengers to the Song	Khitans	15
6252180337	2 reasons for the end of the Tang	political decay and military decline	16
6252190415	decline of _____ led to emergents states like Liao, Song, Jurchens...	Tang	17
6252206401	the ___________ were nomadic cattle breeders who had no inclination to create an elite class, they prided themselves on more practical matters	Khitans	18
6252212514	which dynasty came very close to creating an industrial revolution	Song	19
6252220619	what significant scientific observation was noted during the Song?	explosion of the Crab Nebula	20
6252225293	Song technologies (4)...	compass (smaller and waterproof), stern-mounted rudder, steel, gunpowder	21
6252233111	who did the Song first use4 gunpowder against?	the Jurchens	22
6252235693	printed materials changed from the ____________ to the ________________	woodblock; movable type	23
6252239953	where did the movable type originate?	Korea	24
6252246970	the movable type was used to mass produce ________ ____________ ___________ for civil service exams	test prep books	25
6252251748	farmers used movable type to share __________ techniques	agricultural	26
6252277105	agricultural land being developed south of the Yangzi improved with tools like the ____ and _______	rake; plow	27
6252286976	movable type also helped spread information on how to prevent _____________	disease	28
6252295210	because of the prosperity and population increase, Government had to create _______ and _________ management policies, and create ________________ techniques	water and waste; firefighting	29
6252300196	created the astronomical _________	clock	30
6252308805	the emphasized the individuals moral/social responsibility and the idea that man is essentially good	Neo-Confucianism	31
6252312314	ideal human is called a....	sage	32
6252315832	Neo-Confucianism developed as a ________ to the many centuries of Buddhist domination	reaction	33
6252322371	Buddhists drew on Indian and Tibet folk practices to create _________ _____________________ which was made up of mental discipline and meditation	Zen Buddhism	34
6252717301	by instituting the civil service exam in the bureaucracy, the Song government was recruiting the most talented ______ for the government service	men	35
6252722229	idea of paper money being exchanged for coinage	flying money	36
6252722760	why did flying money have to be withdrawn?	inflation	37
6252732644	when you sell rights to tax collecting to private individuals	tax farming	38
6252732645	worst thing done to insubordinate women	footbinding	39
6252736200	society heavily influenced by China	Korea	40
6252738956	______________ spread throughout eastern Asia	Confucianism	41
6252745682	we get the modern name of Korea from _______	Koryo	42
6252748620	Korea had ______ relations with China	good	43
6252748657	Koreans were supportive of which religion?	Buddhism	44
6252762453	unification of ______ occurred when Korean warriors united 4 separate islands into a central government	Japan	45
6252767819	Chinese influence on Japan (4)....	1. architectural styles 2. Confucian style central government 3. Confucian legal code 4. study of Buddhism	46
6252779063	Japanese emperors called __________ were figure heads with little power, that were believed to have ruled since the beginning of history	Tenno	47
6252792352	who had the real power in Japan?	shogun	48
6252803198	clan who controlled and protected the Japanese emperor	Fujiwara	49
6252806230	Noblewomen appreciated ___________ pursuits, and spent time with these and the study of Buddhism	aesthetic	50
6252811841	quick ripening rice that allowed for more than 1 harvest	Champa rice	51
6252827503	the most important contribution of the Champa that was passes to China	Champa rice	52
6252827504	women had a ______ status in Korea/Vietnam than they did in China	greater	53
6252827615	no societies around China adopted the practice of ________	footbinding	54
6252854259	men and women in Japan both participated in ________ cultivation	rice	55
6252854260	________ sisters of Vietnam led resistance against Han invaders of China	Trung	56
6252854261	__________ king was always presented as a bodhisattva	Srivijayan	57
6252844359	men and women in Japan both participated in ________ cultivation	rice	58
6252732515	when you sell rights to tax collecting to private individuals	tax farming	59

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AP World History Tester Flashcards

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9362336575	Grand canal	Located in China, it was one of the world's largest waterworks projects before modern times	0
9362336576	Nara	Centered on the city of Nara, that was the highest point of Chinese influence in Japan	1
9362336577	Neo-Confucianism	Philosophy that attempted to merge certain basic elements of Confucian and Buddhist thought	2
9362336578	Porcelain	Lighter, thinner and adaptable ceramic	3
9362336579	Song dynasty	Reigned during the late 10th-13th centuries and had a far-reaching impact on Chinese economy, culture, and society. It was marked by an increasingly urbanized and cosmopolitan society	4
9362336580	Tang dynasty	An imperial dynasty of China preceded by the Sui dynasty. Considered to be the Golden Age of China because of its advancements in technology, medicine, and trade. The foundation of their greatness was from the emphasis put into study which led to stronger leadership and ideas.	5
9362336581	Abbasid dynasty	Cosmopolitan Arabic dynasty that replaced the Umayyads; founded by Abu al-Abbas and reached its peak under Harun al-Rashid	6
9362336582	Allah	God of the monotheistic religion of Islam	7
9362336583	Caliph	"Deputy," Islamic leader after the death of Muhammad	8
9362336584	dar al-Islam	The "house of Islam", a term for the Islamic world. It refers to lands under the Islamic rule as a whole; it continued to grow during the Abbasid era.	9
9362336585	Five Pillars of Islam	The foundations of Islam: 1. Profession of faith 2. prayer 3. fasting during Ramadan 4. almsgiving 5. pilgrimage or hajj	10
9362336586	hajj	Pilgrimage to Mecca	11
9362336587	hijra	Muhammad's migration from Mecca to Medina in 622, which is the beginning point of the Islamic calendar and is considered to mark the beginning of the Islamic faith	12
9362336588	Islam	Monotheistic religion announced by the prophet Muhammad; influenced by Judaism and Christianity, Muhammad was considered the final prophet because the earlier religions had not seen the entire picture	13
9362336589	jizya	Tax in Islamic empires that was imposed on non-Muslims	14
9362336590	Ka'aba	main shrine in Mecca, goal of Muslims embarking on the hajj	15
9362336591	Muhammad	Prophet of Islam	16
9362336592	Muslim	A follower of Islam	17
9362336593	Quran	Islamic holy book that is believed to contain the divine revelations of Allah as presented to Muhammad	18
9362336594	sakk	Letters of credit that were common in the medieval Islamic banking world. These were the predecessors to checks in the banking world.	19
9362336595	Sunni	"Traditionalists," the most popular branch of Islam; Sunnis believe in the legitimacy of the early caliphs, compared with the Shiite belief that only a descendant of Ali can lead	20
9362336596	umma	Islamic term for the "community of the faithful"	21
9362336597	Ummayad dynasty	Arabic dynasty, with its capital at Damascus, that was marked by a tremendous period of expansion to Spain in the west and India in the east	22
9362336598	Melaka (Malacca)	Southeast Asian kingdom that was predominantly Islamic	23
9362336599	Axum	African kingdom centered in Ethiopia that became an early and lasting center of Coptic Christianity	24
9362336600	caste system	class structure that is determined by birth.	25
9362336601	Srivijaya	Southeast Asian kingdom, based on the island of Sumatra, that used a powerful navy to dominate trade	26
9362336602	Byzantine Empire	Long-lasting empire centered at Constantinople; it grew out of the end of the Roman empire, carried the legacy of Roman greatness, and was the only classical society to survive into the early modern age; it reached its early peak during the reign of Justinian	27
9362336603	caesaropapism	Concept relating to the mixing of political and religious authority, as with the Roman emperors, that was central to the church-versus-state controversy in medieval Europe	28
9362336604	Vikings	A group that raided the British Isles from their home at Vik in southern Norway	29
9362336605	shamans	Religious specialists who possessed supernatural powers and who communicated with the gods and the spirits of nature	30
9362336606	Yuan dynasty	Chinese dynasty that was founded by Genghis Khan's grandson	31
9362336607	Temüjin	Mongol conqueror who later took the name Chinggis Khan, "universal ruler"	32
9362336608	Bantu	Collective name of a large group of sub-Saharan African languages and of the peoples speaking these languages.	33
9362336609	Great Zimbabwe	Large sub-Saharan African kingdom in the 15th century	34
9362336610	Mali empire	West African kingdom founded in the 13th century by Sundiata; it reached its peak during the reign of Mansa Masu	35
9362336611	Sundiata	Founder of the Mali empire, also the inspiration for the Sundiata, an African literary and mythological work	36
9362336612	Swahili	East African city-state society that dominated the coast from Mogadishu to Kilwa and was active in trade. Also a Bantu language of East Africa, or a member of a group who speaks this language	37
9362336613	Marco Polo	Italian merchant whose account of his travels to China and other lands became legendary	38
9362336614	reconquista	Crusade, ending in 1492, to drive the Islamic forces out of Spain	39
9362336615	Saladin	Muslim leader and crusader who recaptures Jerusalem from the Christians	40
9362336616	three estates	The three classes of European society, composed of the clergy #1, the aristocrats #2 and the common people #3	41
9362336617	Aztec empire	Central American empire constructed by the Mexica and expanded greatly during the 15th century during he reigns of Itzcoatl and Motecuzoma I	42
9362336618	chinampa	Agricultural gardens used by Mexica (Aztecs) in which fertile muck from lake bottoms was dredged and built up into small plots	43
9362336619	Tenochtitlan	Capital of the Aztec Empire, later Mexico city	44
9362336620	Hangzhou	Capital of later Song dynasty; located near East China Sea; permitted overseas trading; population exceeded 1 million	45
9362336621	Mecca	Original city of Islam, birthplace of Muhammad, location of the hajj	46
9362336622	Mongols	Nomadic horse-people from the eastern steppe of Asia that created the largest empire in the history of the world.	47
9362336623	Pax Mongolica (13th-14th centuries)	Mongols guaranteed safe passage for traders, missionaries, and travelers such as Marco Polo, trade flourished, silk, Asian artistic designs moved westward, Mongols gain incredible wealth taxing the trade, peaceful travel across Asia, cultural exchanges, exchange of ideas, medical, mathematics, finance, engineering knowledge flows between China and Middle East, printing, gunpowder transmitted from China to Europe, spread of bubonic plague.	48
9362336624	Spice Roads	The trade of spices from Asia and India to Italian and Muslim merchants who would then trade it to Europeans.	49
9362336625	Baghdad	Located on the Silk Roads, it was the capital city of the Abbasid Caliphate.	50
9362336626	Aztec	Ancient civilization (1200-1521AD) that was located in what is present-day Mexico City	51
9362336627	Horse collar	Harnessing method that increased the efﬁciency of horses by shifting the point of traction from the animal's neck to the shoulders; its adoption favors the spread of horse-drawn plows and vehicles	52
9362336628	Mansa Musa	Greatest Mali king; brought Mali to its peak of power and wealth from 1312 the 1337; expanded borders, maintained peace and order, religious freedom and tolerance; hajj to Mecca; built Timbuktu	53
9362336629	Timbuktu	Port city of Mali; located just off the flood plain on the great bend in the Niger River; population of 50,000; contained a library and university.	54
9362336630	Ibn Battuta	Moroccan Muslim scholar, the most widely traveled individual of his time. He wrote a detailed account of his visits to Islamic lands from China to Spain and the western Sudan	55

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AP Government Cases 2018 Flashcards

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9806343283	Roe v. Wade	(1973) legalized abortion on the basis of a woman's right to privacy	0
9806346045	Mapp v. Ohio	Evidence illegally gathered by the police may not be used in a criminal trial. EXCLUSIONARY RULE	1
9806348868	BCRA	Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act; banned soft money	2
9806355524	Engel v. Vitale	banned formal prayer in schools, goverment whould not make any religion the 'official' religion.	3
9806362866	Schenck v. US	Can limit free speech when there is a "clear and present danger"	4
9806367025	Regents of California v. Bakke	Race can not be the only factor in college admissions, there can be no quotas.	5
9806371170	Plessy v. Ferguson	Separate but equal	6
9806373976	Dred Scott	United States slave who sued for liberty after living in a non-slave state. He was considered PROPERTY.	7
9806382229	Miranda v. Arizona	The accused must be notified of their rights before being questioned by the police	8
9806385410	Gideon v. Wainright	ordered states to provide lawyers for those unable to afford them in criminal proceedings	9
9806391827	Wesberry v. Sanders	Ordered House CONGRESSIONAL districts to be as near equal in population as possible	10
9806399370	Fairness Doctrine	A principle that formerly obligated broadcasters to present both sides of an issue	11
9806414956	Brown v. Board of Ed	Overturned Plessy, rules segregation is unconstitutional	12
9806418080	Simpson Mazzoli Act	You must document the citizenship of employees	13
9806426658	Baker v. Carr	One man, one vote Ordered state legislative districts to be as near equal as possible in population	14
9806435942	Marbury v Madison	Established judicial review	15
9806435943	US v. Nixon	Holds that executive privilege does not extend to criminal cases	16
9806443223	Texas v Johnson	Ruled that flag burning is a form of symbolic speech protected by the First Amendment. 1989	17
9806445438	Oregon v. Smith	declared that free exercise of religion does not include illegal drug use	18
9806448545	Shaw v. Reno	Gerrymandering to create a majority-minority 12th district in NC is unconstitutional	19
9806453148	Korematsu v. US	California was right to intern Japanese-Americans in camps during crisis of World War II	20
9806459256	McCulloch v. Maryland	Supreme Court ruling (1819) confirming the supremacy of national over state government	21
9806463561	Citizens United	Political spending is a form of protected speech under 1st amendments/ United States Supreme Court decision that permits almost unlimited spending by the "Super PACs".	22
9806473344	Lemon v. Kurtzman	Struck down state funding for private religious schools	23
9806477217	Tinker v. Des Moines	Students have the right to symbolic speech at school as long as it is not disruptive	24
9806480937	Morse v. Frederick	schools can prohibit students from displaying messages that promote illegal drug use/ Bong Hits 4 Jesus	25
9806487995	Griswold v. Connecticut	Established that there is an implied right to privacy in the U.S. Constitution/ upheld marital privacy & contraceptive counseling	26
9806495935	Miller v California	Holds that community standards determine what obscenity is	27
9806501140	Reynolds v. US	Involving bigamy, the Court decided that illegal acts cannot be defended by "religious duty"	28
9806506071	Free Exercise	Congress cannot pass laws that ban freedom of worship	29
9806509436	Establishment Clause	Clause in the First Amendment that says the government may not establish an official religion.	30
9806513264	Abington School District v. Schempp	(1963) Prayer in classrooms was determined to be in violation of the First Amendment.	31
9806518206	Wisconsin v. Yoder	Amish children do not have to go to school until they are 16---they may stop after the 8th grade	32
9806518207	Libel	A written defamation of a person's character, reputation, business, or property rights.	33
9806522116	Slander	Spoken defamation	34
9806532504	NY Times v. US	Reaffirmed no prior restraint, Pentagon Papers [Free Speech]	35
9806547869	NY Times v Sullivan	Actual malice/ Public figures must prove malicious intent to convict in slander/libel cases.	36
9806561490	Gibbons v Ogden	Regulating interstate commerce is a power reserved to the federal government	37
9806561491	Buckley v Valeo	Candidates can use as much of their own money on their own campaigns.	38

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AP World History -Bentley - Unit 2 Flashcards

Bentley Unit Two - chapters 7 - 12

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10891808257	Cyrus	Founder of the Achaemenid Persian Empire. Between 550 and 530 B.C.E. he conquered Media, Lydia, and Babylon. He allowed the Jews to return to their homeland	0
10891808258	Darius	Persian ruler who brought order to the Persian Empire. He also built roads; established a postal system; and standardized weights, measures, and coinage.	1
10891808259	Eyes and Ears of the King	Inspectors who made unannounced visits to provinces in Persia and reported back to the king to check up on the local government	2
10891808260	Xerxes	son of Darius; became Persian king. He vowed revenge on the Athenians. He invaded Greece with 180,000 troops in 480 B.C and was eventually defeated	3
10891808261	Mithradates I	The Parthians greatest conqueror; he had consolidated his hold on Iran and had also extended Parthian rule to Mesopotamia.	4
10891808262	Alexander the Great	Successor of Philip of Macedon; 1st global empire, but no lasting bureaucracy; spread of Hellenism is greatest achievement	5
10891808263	Persian	Of or relating to Iran or its people or language or culture	6
10891808264	Zarathustra	Chief prophet of the Ancient Persian religion known as Zoroastrianism, which influenced Jewish and later Christian belief	7
10891808265	Achaemenids	Persian dynasty which traced its lineage back to an ancestor named Achaemenes; founded by Cyrus	8
10891808266	Persepolis	an ancient city that was the capital of the ancient Persian Empire	9
10891808267	Satraps	under Darius's rule these were known as governors who ruled the provinces. They collected taxes, served as judges, and put down rebellions	10
10891808268	Royal Road	A road for the government use built by the ancient Persian ruler Darius which helped unite the empire	11
10891808269	Persian Wars	Conflicts between Greek city-states and the Persian Empire, ranging from the Ionian Revolt (499-494 B.C.E.) through Darius's punitive expedition that failed at Marathon. Chronicled by Herodotus. (131)	12
10891808270	Seleucids	One of the regional dynasties that followed the death of Alexander the Great; founded in Mesopotamia	13
10891808271	Parthians	Persian dynasty. Based in Iran and extended to Mesopotamia. Had very heavy calvary (horses and armored troops). Government followed the example of the Achaemenid administration.	14
10891808272	Sasanids	Last powerful Persian dynasty of the classical period that would reach its peak under Shapur I and later fall to Islamic/Arabic expansion.	15
10891808273	Qanut	Underground canal	16
10891808274	Ahura Mazda	Main god of Zoroastrianism who represented truth and goodness and was perceived to be in an eternal struggle with the malign spirit angra mainyu.	17
10891808275	Angra Mainyu	evil spirit in zoroastrianism, the explanation for the presence of evil in the world	18
10891808276	Avesta	The sacred text of Zoroastrianism, which includes the very old hymns known as the Gathas, along with more recent material.	19
10891808277	Confucius	Chinese philosphere and teacher; his belifs,known as confusoinism greatly influenced chinese life	20
10891808278	Analects	a collection of excerpts from a literary work	21
10891808279	Mencius	(371?-289 BCE), Chinese philosopher, who studied Confucianism. He later refined many of the ideas and spread them across China. He wrote the Analects	22
10891808280	Laozi	Chinese Daoist philosopher; taught that governments were of secondary importance and recommended retreat from society into nature.	23
10891808281	Qin Shihuangdi	Ruler of China who united China for the first time. He built road and canals and began the Great Wall of China. He also imposed a standard system of laws, money, weights, and writing.	24
10891808282	Han Wudi	The most important Han Emperor: expanded the Empire in all directions; created the Civil Service System based upon Confucian learning; established Imperial University; promoted the Silk Roads	25
10891808283	Confucianism	The system of ethics, education, and statesmanship taught by Confucius and his disciples, stressing love for humanity, ancestor worship, reverence for parents, and harmony in thought and conduct.	26
10891808284	Daoism	Chinese School of Thought: Daoists believe that the world is always changing and is devoid of absolute morality or meaning. They accept the world as they find it, avoid futile struggles, and deviate as little as possible from the Dao, or 'path' of nature.	27
10891808285	Legalism	In China, a political philosophy that emphasized the unruliness of human nature and justified state coercion and control. The Qin ruling class invoked it to validate the authoritarian nature of their regime. (p.52)	28
10891808286	Qin Dynasty	The dynasty that replaced the Zhou dynasty and employed Legalist ideas in order to control warring states and unify the country.	29
10891808287	Han dynasty	A great and long-lasting rule, it discarded the harsh policies of the Qin dynasty and adopted Confucian principles. Han rulers chose officials on merit rather than birth. It was a time of prosperity	30
10891808288	Sericulture	the production of raw silk by raising silkworms	31
10891808289	Yellow Turban Uprising	Large revolt throughout China during the Han dynasty led by desperate peasants wearing yellow turbans. This uprising tested the resilience of the Han state during the late second century CE. It weakened the Han state during the second and third centuries CE. Leads to fall of Han Dynasty	32
10891808290	Chandragupta Maurya	He founded India's first empire (Mauryan). He was an Indian prince who conquered a large area in the Ganges River valley soon after Alexander invaded western India.	33
10891808291	Ashoka	The grandson of Chandragupta Maurya; extended conquests of the dynasty; converted to Buddhism and sponsored its spread throughout his empire.	34
10891808292	Chandra Gupta	Laid the foundations for the Gupta empire, he forged alliances with powerful families in the Ganges Region and established a dynamic kingdom about the year 320 C.E. Golden Age	35
10891808293	Siddhartha Gautama	founder of Buddism; born a prince; left his father's wealth to find the cause of human suffering; also know as Buddha	36
10891808294	Mauryan Empire	The first state to unify most of the Indian subcontinent. It was founded by Chandragupta Maurya in 324 B.C.E. and survived until 184 B.C.E. From its capital at Pataliputra in the Ganges Valley it grew wealthy from taxes. (184)	37
10891808295	Kushan Empire	Ruled central Asia to Northern India, important in spreading Buddhism to Chinese, took control of the Silk Road route.	38
10891808296	Gupta Empire	Powerful Indian state based, like its Mauryan predecessor, in the Ganges Valley. It controlled most of the Indian subcontinent through a combination of military force and its prestige as a center of sophisticated culture. Golden Age	39
10891808297	White Huns	Nomadic invaders from central Asia; invaded India; disrupted Gupta administration	40
10891808298	Buddhism	a world religion or philosophy based on the teaching of the Buddha and holding that a state of enlightenment can be attained by suppressing worldly desire	41
10891808299	Bhagavad Gita	The most important work of Indian sacred literature, a dialogue between the great warrior Arjuna and the god Krishna on duty and the fate of the spirit.	42
10891808300	Homer	ancient Greek epic poet who is believed to have written the Iliad and the Odyssey (circa 850 BC)	43
10891808301	Pericles	Athenian statesman whose leadership contributed to Athen's political and cultural supremacy in Greece	44
10891808302	Socrates	Greek philosopher; socratic method--questioning; sentenced to death for corrupting Athens youth	45
10891808303	Plato	Student of Socrates, wrote The Republic about the perfectly governed society	46
10891808304	Aristotle	Greek philosopher. A pupil of Plato, the tutor of Alexander the Great, and the author of works on logic, metaphysics, ethics, natural sciences, politics, and poetics, he profoundly influenced Western thought. In his philosophical system.	47
10891808305	Minoan society	Inhabited the island of Crete (major city: Knossos); around 2200 B.C.E. they acted as the center of maritime trade in the Mediterranean; used Linear A, an undecipherable syllabic alphabet; through a series of both natural disasters (1700 B.C.E.) and foreign invaders, were conquered by 1100 B.C.E.	48
10891808306	Mycenaean society	Indo-European invaders descend through Balkans into Peloponnesus c. 2200 B.C.E.; influenced by Minoan society; had a major settlement in Mycenae; used a syllabic alphabet called Linear B (evolved form of Linear A); inhabited Greece, Crete, Anatolia, Sicily, and Italy; c. 1200 B.C.E., engaged in conflicts with Troy	49
10891808307	Trojan War	A war, fought around 1200 B.C., in which an army led by Mycenaean kings attacked the independent trading city of Troy in Anatolia	50
10891808308	polis	Greek word for city-state	51
10891808309	Sparta	Greek city-state that was ruled by an oligarchy, focused on military, used slaves for agriculture, discouraged the arts	52
10891808310	Persian War	King Darius of Persia wanted to conquer all of the Greek city-states but Athens and Sparta resisted. Greek city-states vs. Persia - Greek city-states won. Athens emerged as most powerful city state in Greece.	53
10891808311	Delian League	An alliance headed by Athens that says that all Greek city-states will come together and help fight the Persians	54
10891808312	Peloponnesian War	a war in which Athens and its allies were defeated by the league centered on Sparta	55
10891808313	Hellenistic Age	Greek culture spread across western Asia and northeastern Africa after the conquests of Alexander the Great. The period ended with the fall of the last major Hellenistic kingdom to Rome, but Greek cultural influence persisted until the spread of Islam.	56
10891808314	Antigonid Empire	The empire in Greece after the breakup of Alexander's empire.	57
10891808315	Ptolemaic Empire	The Hellenistic empire in Egypt area after Alexander's death; created by Ptolemy, one of Alexander's generals.	58
10891808316	Seleucid Empire	The empire in Syria, Persia, and Bactria after the breakup of Alexander's empire.	59
10891808317	Gracchi brothers	two brothers (Tiberius and Gaius); they promoted giving land and voting reforms to the poor. Both were killed because they advocated these reforms	60
10891808318	Julius Caesar	Made dictator for life in 45 BCE, after conquering Gaul, assassinated in 44 BCE by the Senate because they were afraid of his power	61
10891808319	Augustus Caesar	The first empreror of Rome, the adopted son of Julius Caesar, help Rome come into Pax Romana, or the Age of Roman Peace	62
10891808320	Cicero	Rome's greatest public speaker; he argued against dictators and called for a representative government with limited powers	63
10891808321	Etruscans	Beginning in the 700s BCE,first rulers of Roman Republic and Empire; Laid the foundation for Rome and Roman civilization	64
10891808322	Punic War	one of the three wars between Carthage and Rome that resulted in the destruction of Carthage and its annexation by Rome	65
10891808323	Twelve tables	the earliest written collection of Roman laws, drawn up by patricians about 450B.C., that became the foundation of Roman law	66
10891808324	Patricians	A member of one of the noble families of the ancient Roman Republic, which before the third century B.C. had exclusive rights to the Senate and the magistracies.	67
10891808325	Plebeians	Members of the lower class of Ancient Rome including farmers, merchants, artisans and traders	68
10891808326	Latifundia	Large farming estates owned by wealthy families in Ancient Rome	69
10891808327	Pax Romana	A period of peace and prosperity throughout the Roman Empire, lasting from 27 B.C. to A.D. 180.	70
10891808328	Constantine	Emperor of Rome who adopted the Christian faith and stopped the persecution of Christians (280-337)	71
10891808329	Silk roads	Trade routes stretching from China to the Mediterranean, which allowed for the exchange of goods and ideas from China to the Roman Empire	72
10891808330	Nestorians	Early branch of Christianity, named after the fifth-century Greek theologian Nestorius, that emphasized the human nature of Jesus Christ.	73
10891808331	Edict of Milan	Issued by Constantine in 313, ended the "great persecution" and legalized Christianity in the Roman Empire	74
10891808332	Council of Nicaea	(325 CE) A council called by Constantine to agree upon correct Christian doctrine and settle some disputes of the time such as the issue of the Trinity	75

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AP Literature Final Vocabulary Flashcards

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11675279267	acumen	quickness and keenness of insight or judgement	0
11675282593	auspicious	attended by favorable circumstances	1
11675284491	belie	to picture falsely; misrepresent	2
11675291209	chicanery	deception by trickery	3
11675297297	churlish	vulgar, bad-mannered, difficult to work with	4
11675307133	deleterious	having a harmful effect	5
11675309304	diffident	shy, timid, without self-confidence	6
11675314678	enervate	to weaken the strength or vitality of	7
11675320633	facetious	humorous, playfully joking	8
11675330220	fatuous	foolish, silly	9
11675332952	feckless	careless and irresponsible; childish	10
11675336051	gauche	lacking social polish	11
11675338578	hegemony	predominant influence (of state, region, or group) over another group	12
11675342133	hubris	overbearing pride; arrogance	13
11675344363	incontrovertible	indisputable, unquestionable	14
11675347374	jejune	uninteresting, dull; lacking maturity, childish	15
11675349845	kowtow	to kneel and touch forehead to the ground in deep respect or worship, formerly done in China	16
11675420631	loquacious	very talkative	17
11675421646	lugubrious	mournful, dismal, or gloomy to an exaggerated or ludicrous extent	18
11675425539	obsequious	full of or exhibiting servile compliance by kissing up to others	19
11675434888	omnipotent	having unlimited or universal power, authority, or force	20
11675438022	paradigm	one that serves as a pattern or model of something	21
11675441289	precipitous	resembling or having a steep rock face or cliff; extremely steep	22
11675449685	quotidian	recurring daily; commonplace, custom	23
11675452604	recapitulate	to repeat in concise form	24
11675454168	supercilious	feeling or showing superiority or disdain	25
11675459031	tempestuous	tumultuous, turbulent; of, relating to, or resembling a violent windy storm	26
11675463607	usurp	to seize and hold (ex. power or rights of someone) without rights or authority	27
11675469654	vacuous	devoid of matter, substance, meaning, or intelligence	28
11675473081	vehement	forceful or intense in expression, emotion, or conviction; vigorous or energetic	29

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