Immune System AP Bio Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 6182354290 | Nonspecific Immunity | inflammation and barriers (physical/chemical) |  | 0 |
| 6182357006 | Pathogen | A disease causing agent |  | 1 |
| 6182358360 | Lysozyme | an enzyme found in saliva and sweat and tears that destroys the cell walls of certain bacteria | 2 | |
| 6182360864 | Inflammatory response | Non-specific defense triggered by penetration of the skin or mucous membranes, in which small blood vessels in the area dilate and become leakier, enhancing the inflitration of leukocytes; heat and swelling are normal signs of inflammation |  | 3 |
| 6182392839 | Phagocytes | White blood cells that attack invading pathogens. Nonspecific. Include neutrophils and macrophages | 4 | |
| 6182395501 | Neutrophils | Most abundant white blood cell., The most abundant type of white blood cell. Phagocytic and tend to self-destruct as they destroy foreign invaders, limiting their life span to a few days. | 5 | |
| 6182401224 | Macrophage | Found within the lymph nodes, they are phagocytes that destroy bacteria, cancer cells, and other foreign matter in the lymphatic stream."Giant eater" | 6 | |
| 6182412609 | Interferons | A class of chemicals that block viral infections |  | 7 |
| 6182414578 | Natural Killer Cells | A type of white blood cell that can kill tumor cells and virus-infected cells; an important component of innate immunity. They break open the cell membrane causing cells to die. |  | 8 |
| 6182423349 | Antigen Presenting Cell (APC) | cells that present digested particles of pathogens on their cell surfaces as a means of advertising. Present the pathogen to B and T cells. Examples are macrophages and dendritic cells |  | 9 |
| 6182428794 | T cells | Cell mediated immunity. Mature in thymus gland. | 10 | |
| 6182444858 | Helper T cells | Activated by APC. Calls the immune system to arms. Trigger humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. |  | 11 |
| 6182457196 | Cytotoxic T-cells | cells that remain after helper t-cells die out and it divides rapidly and produces an "army" of cells identical to itself, releases toxins that form pores in the membrane of the infected cells causing it to burst, destroying the cell and the virus inside it |  | 12 |
| 6182466316 | B cells | Produced in the bone marrow. They produce antibodies specific to antigens invading the body. |  | 13 |
| 6182510840 | Antibodies | Y-shape proteins produced by B cells that is used by the immune system to identify and neutralize foreign objects such as bacteria and viruses. Can be found in either a free or a membrane-bound form. |  | 14 |
| 6182521520 | Humoral immunity | immunity against antigens in body fluids, such as blood and lymph (B cells) | 15 | |
| 6182523255 | cell mediated immunity | immunity against abnormal cells and pathogens inside living cells (T cells) | 16 | |
| 6182527557 | MHC | Major Histocompatability complex, a set of proteins found on the plasma membranes of cells that help display antigen to T cells. MHC I is found on all cells and displays bits of proteins from within the cell; this allows T cells to monitor cell contents and if abnormal peptides are displayed on the surface, the cell is destroyed by killer T cells. MHC II is found only on macrophages and B cells. This class of MHC allows these cells (known as antigen presenting cells) to display bitts of "eaten" (phagocytosed or internalized) proteins on their surface, allowing the activation of helper T cells |  | 17 |
| 6182540526 | memory b cells | Produced during a B cell response, but are not involved in antibody producing during the initial infection; are held in reserve for the rest of your life in case you encounter that pathogen again. | 18 | |
| 6182545297 | primary immune response | The first encounter with an antigen, resuling in activated B cells (antibody secretion) and T cells (cellular lysis and lymphocyte proliferation). The primary immune response takes approximately ten days, which long enough for symptoms of the infection to appear |  | 19 |
| 6182552680 | Secondary immune response | Immune response after the body has already been exposed to a specific antigen. Response is faster, of greater magnitude, and more prolonged. Hopefully the immune system will destroy the antigen before symptoms appear |  | 20 |
| 6182557707 | Passive immunity | An individual does not produce his or her own antibodies, but rather receives them directly from another source, such as mother to infant through breast milk. Temporary. |  | 21 |
| 6182557708 | Active immunity | The type of immunity when an individual makes his or her own antibodies after being ill and recovering or after being given an immunization or vaccine. |  | 22 |
| 6182574491 | Autoimmune disease | A disease in which the immune system attacks the organisms own cells (MS, Lupus, Juvenile diabetes) | 23 | |
| 6182577947 | Allergy | a specific reaction of the immune system to a foreign and frequently harmless substance |  | 24 |
| 6182585930 | blood groups | A, B, AB, O |  | 25 |
