Chapter 1: AP World History From Human Prehistory to the Early Civilizations Flashcards
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| 4843936708 | Paleolithic Age | The Old Stone Age ending in 12,000 BCE; typified by use of crude stone tools and hunting and gathering for subsistence. | 0 | |
| 4843936709 | Homo sapiens (sapiens) | The species of humanity that emerged as most successful at the end of the Paleolithic period | 1 | |
| 4843936710 | Neolithic Age | The New Stone Age between 8000 and 5000 B.C.E.; period in which adaptation of sedentary agriculture occurred; domestication of plants and animals accomplished | 2 | |
| 4843936711 | hunting and gathering | The original human economy ultimately eclipsed by agriculture; groups hunt for meat and forage for grains, nuts, and berries | 3 | |
| 4843936712 | Neolithic revolution | The succession of technological innovations and changes in human organization that led to the development of agriculture | 4 | |
| 4843936713 | Bronze Age | From about 4000 to 3000 B.C.E.; increased use of plow, metalworking; development of wheeled vehicles, writing. | 5 | |
| 4843936714 | Slash and burn agriculture | A system of agriculture that allows farmers to grow grain in places it does not typically grow. It involves cutting the forestation of an area which is burned for the purposes of using the ashes as fertilizer for the deforested area. | 6 | |
| 4843936716 | Catal Hüyük | An early urban culture based on sedentary agriculture; located in modern southern Turkey; was larger in population than Jericho; had greater degree of social stratification. | 7 | |
| 4843936720 | nomads | People with no permanent home but who roam from place to place searching for pasture lands. Cattle- and sheep-herding societies usually found on the fringes of civilized societies; commonly referred to as barbarian by civilized societies | 8 | |
| 4843936721 | Mesopotamia | Literally "between the rivers"; the civilizations that arose in the alluvial plain of the Tigris and Euphrates river valleys | 9 | |
| 4843936722 | Sumerians | People who migrated into Mesopotamia circa 4000 B.C.E.; created first civilization within region; organized areas into city-states. | 10 | |
| 4843936731 | Indus River Valley | A prosperous urban civilization emerged along the Indus River by 2500 B.C.E. Indus River peoples had trading contacts with Mesopotamia, but they developed a distinctive alphabet and artistic forms. River sources in Himalayas to mouth in Arabian Sea; location of Harappan civilization | 11 | |
| 4843936732 | Harappa and Mohenjo Daro | Major urban complexes of the Harappan civilization; laid out on planned grid pattern | 12 | |
| 4843936734 | Shang Dynasty | First Chinese dynasty, the Shang ruled over the Huanghe River valley by about 1500 B.C.E. | 13 | |
| 4843936718 | Fertile Crescent | A crescent-shaped area of fertile land in the Middle East that extends from the eastern Mediterranean coast through the valley of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers to the Persian Gulf. The center of the Neolithic development of agriculture (from 7000 bc), and the cradle of the Assyrian, Sumerian, and Babylonian civilizations | 14 | |
| 4843936719 | cuneiform | A form of writing developed by the Sumerians using a wedge-shaped stylus and clay tablets | 15 | |
| 4843936723 | ziggurats | Massive towers usually associated with Mesopotamia temple complexes | 16 | |
| 4843936724 | city-state | A form of political organization typical of Mesopotamian civilizations; consisted of agricultural hinterlands ruled by an urban based king | 17 | |
| 4843936725 | Babylonian Empire | Unified all of Mesopotamia circa 1800 B.C.E.; collapsed due to foreign invasion circa 1600 B.C.E. | 18 | |
| 4843936726 | Hammurabi (1792-1750 B.C.E.) | The most important ruler of the Babylonian empire; responsible for codification of law | 19 | |
| 4843936727 | pharaoh | Title of kings of ancient Egypt | 20 | |
| 4843936728 | pyramids | Monumental architecture typical of Old Kingdom Egypt, used as burial sites for pharaohs | 21 | |
| 4843936729 | Kush | An African state that developed along the upper reaches of the Nile circa 1000 B.C.E; conquered Egypt and ruled it for several centuries | 22 | |
| 4843936730 | Hammurabi's Code | Established rules of procedure for courts of law and regulated property and the duties of family members, setting harsh punishments for crimes | 23 | |
| 4843936733 | Huang He River | Also known as the Yellow River, site of sedentary agriculture in China | 24 | |
| 4843936735 | oracles | Shamans or priests in Chinese society who foretold the future through interpretations of animal bones cracked by heat; inscriptions on bones led to Chinese writing | 25 | |
| 4843936736 | ideographs | Pictographic characters grouped together to create new concepts; typical of Chinese writing | 26 | |
| 4843936737 | Phoenicians | Seafaring civilization located on the shores of the eastern Mediterranean; established colonies throughout the Mediterranean | 27 | |
| 4843936738 | monotheism | The exclusive worship of a single God; introduced by the Jews into Western civilization | 28 | |
| 4843936739 | polytheism | The worship of many gods or deities | 29 | |
| 4843936715 | Band | A level of social organization normally consisting of 20 to 30 people; nomadic hunters and gatherers; labor divided on a gender basis | 30 | |
| 4843936717 | civilization | Societies distinguished by Reliance on sedentary agriculture, ability to produce food surpluses, and existence of non-farming elites, as well as merchant and manufacturing groups | 31 | |
| 4845663993 | Judaism | A religion with a belief in one god. It originated with Abraham and the Hebrew people. Yahweh was responsible for the world and everything within it. They preserved their early history in the Old Testament. | 32 |
Flashcards
AP World History Timelines Flashcards
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| 6817752221 | 3200 B.C.E. Mesopotamia | Beginning of Sumerian Civilization- wheel- cuneiform | 0 | |
| 6817773544 | 2500 B.C.E. Egypt | Pyramid construction- hieroglyphics | 1 | |
| 6817791203 | 1500 B.C.E. India | The migration of Aryans- the Vedic Age | 2 | |
| 6817800201 | 1200 B.C.E. Mesoamerica | the Olmec | 3 | |
| 6817816978 | 1000 B.C.E. China | The Zhou- Mandate of Heaven | 4 | |
| 6817821150 | 753 B.C.E. Rome | Rome is founded | 5 | |
| 6817833094 | 500 B.C.E India | Life of Buddha- Siddhartha Gautama | 6 | |
| 6817844873 | 500 B.C.E. Rome | Establishment of the Roman Republic | 7 | |
| 6817849303 | 480-221 B.C.E China | Era of the Warring States | 8 | |
| 6817860353 | 324 B.C.E India | Chandragupta and the Mauryan Empire | 9 | |
| 6817868911 | 4 B.C.E - 29 C.E. Israel | Life of Jesus Christ | 10 | |
| 6817876313 | 206-220 C.E China | The Han Dynasty | 11 | |
| 6817908014 | 476 C.E Roman Empire | The fall of the WESTERN Roman Empire | 12 | |
| 6817920663 | 1054 Europe | Schism between the eastern and western Christian churches | 13 | |
| 6817923828 | 1096 Europe | Beginning of Christian Crusades | 14 | |
| 6817954927 | 1211 Central Asia | Beginning of Mongol conquest | 15 | |
| 6817958519 | 1289 Anatolia | Founding of the Ottoman Empire | 16 | |
| 6817964198 | 1325 Mesoamerica | Aztecs | 17 | |
| 6817965674 | 1492 Spain | Christopher Coloumbus | 18 | |
| 6817975188 | 1603-1867 Japan | Tokugawa Dynasty | 19 | |
| 6817978986 | 1775-1781 America | The American Revolution | 20 | |
| 6817981583 | 1789-1799 France | The French Revolution | 21 | |
| 6817996379 | 1857 India | Sepoy Rebellion | 22 | |
| 6818003422 | 1870 Italy | Unification of Italy | 23 | |
| 6818005541 | 1871 Germany | Unification of Germany | 24 |
AP World History Dates Flashcards
If B.C.E. is not specified then it is C.E.
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| 6607952486 | 8000 BCE- 600 CE | Period 1: Technological and Environmental Transformations | 0 | |
| 6607952487 | 8000 B.C.E. | Beginnings of agriculture | 1 | |
| 6607954102 | 4000 B.C.E. | First cities/ Beginning of the cultivation of maize in Mesoamerica | 2 | |
| 6607956252 | 3200 B.C.E. | Beginning of Sumerian Dominance of Mesopotamia | 3 | |
| 6607952488 | 3000 B.C.E. | Beginnings of Bronze Age - Beginning of agriculture in South America and New Guinea | 4 | |
| 6607959604 | 3000 B.C.E. - 1000 C.E. | Indo-European Migrations | 5 | |
| 6607961553 | 2600-2500 B.C.E. | Pyramid Construction in Egypt | 6 | |
| 6607962356 | 2500-2000 B.C.E. | Height of Harappan society in South Asia | 7 | |
| 6607964523 | 2350 B.C.E. | Beginning of regional empires in Mesopotamia | 8 | |
| 6607966311 | 2200 B.C.E | Beginning of Chinese Dynastic Rule | 9 | |
| 6607966975 | 2000 B.C.E. | Beginning of the Bantu Migrations | 10 | |
| 6607968040 | 1500 B.C.E. | Beginning of the Aryan migrations to South Asia | 11 | |
| 6607969388 | 1500-500 B.C.E. | Vedic age in South Asia | 12 | |
| 6607972622 | 1500 B.C.E.-700 C.E. | Austronesian migrations | 13 | |
| 6607952489 | 1300 B.C.E. | Iron Age | 14 | |
| 6607975920 | 1000-970 B.C.E. | Rule of Hebrew King David | 15 | |
| 6607977374 | 900 B.C.E. | Invention of ironworking in sub-Saharan Africa | 16 | |
| 6607978507 | 800 B.C.E. | Establishment of the Greek Poleis | 17 | |
| 6607980924 | 722 B.C.E. | Assyrian conquest of Israel | 18 | |
| 6607981804 | 586 B.C.E. | New Babylonian (Chaldean) conquest of Judah | 19 | |
| 6607952490 | 600 BCE - 600 CE | Period 2: Organization and Reorganization of Human Societies | 20 | |
| 6607952491 | 6th century B.C.E. | Life of Buddha, Confucius, Lao Tsu (beginnings of Confucianism, Buddhism, Taosim) | 21 | |
| 6607991889 | 509 B.C.E. | Establishment of the Roman republic | 22 | |
| 6607952492 | 500-350B.C.E. | Greek Golden Age - philosophers. | 23 | |
| 6607995703 | 480-221 B.C.E. | Era of Warring States in China | 24 | |
| 6607952493 | 336-323 B.C.E. | Rule of Alexander (of Macedon) the Great | 25 | |
| 6607996661 | 330 B.C.E. | Conquest of the Achaemenid Empire by ATG | 26 | |
| 6608006225 | 300 B.C.E.- 0 C.E. ish | Spread of Buddhism and Hinduism from South Asia | 27 | |
| 6607952494 | 221 B.C.E. | Qin unified China | 28 | |
| 6607952497 | 206 B.C.E.-220 C.E. | Han Dynasty in China | 29 | |
| 6607952496 | 20 B.C.E. - 180 C.E. | Pax Romana | 30 | |
| 6608001389 | 4 B.C.E.-29 C.E. | Life of Jesus Christ | 31 | |
| 6607952495 | 32 C.E. | Beginnings of Christianity | 32 | |
| 6608002195 | 300-1100 C.E. | Mayan civilization | 33 | |
| 6608010636 | 320-550 C.E. | Gupta dynasty in India | 34 | |
| 6607952498 | 333 C.E. | Roman capital moved to Constantinople | 35 | |
| 6607952499 | 4th century C.E. | Beginning of Trans-Saharan Trade Routes | 36 | |
| 6607952500 | 476 C.E. | Fall of Rome | 37 | |
| 6607952501 | 527 C.E. | Justinian rule of Byzantine Empire | 38 | |
| 6607952502 | 600 C.E. -1450 | Period 3: Regional and Transregional Interactions | 39 | |
| 6610762355 | 570-632 | Life of Muhammad | 40 | |
| 6610763115 | 618-907 | Tang Dynasty in China | 41 | |
| 6607952503 | 622 C.E. | The Hijra | 42 | |
| 6610764082 | 711-1492 | Muslim occupation of Spain | 43 | |
| 6607952504 | 732 C.E. | Battle of Tours (end of Muslim move into France) | 44 | |
| 6610766278 | 750-1258 | Abbasid Dynasty | 45 | |
| 6610767738 | 960-1279 | Song Dynasty in China | 46 | |
| 6607952505 | 1054 C.E. | Great Schism in Christian Church (Roman Catholic & Eastern Orthodox) | 47 | |
| 6610769000 | 1066 | Norman Invasion of England | 48 | |
| 6607952506 | 1096 | 1st Crusade | 49 | |
| 6610771693 | 1000-1200 ish | Kingdom of Ghana | 50 | |
| 6610772713 | 1000-1400 ish | Swahili cities in East Africa | 51 | |
| 6610775866 | 1100-1400 ish | Kingdom of Great Zimbabwe | 52 | |
| 6610776705 | 1100-1500 ish | Kingdom of Axum | 53 | |
| 6610777489 | 1200ish | Beginning of chiefdoms in Oceana | 54 | |
| 6610784313 | 1200-1400 ish | Empire of Mali | 55 | |
| 6610785515 | 1206-1526 | Sultanate of Delhi in India | 56 | |
| 6610788057 | 1211 | Beginning of Mongol Conquests | 57 | |
| 6607952507 | 1258 | Mongols sack Baghdad | 58 | |
| 6607952508 | 1271-1295 | Marco Polo travels to China | 59 | |
| 6610790257 | 1279-1368 | Yuan Dynasty in China (Mongol) | 60 | |
| 6610792637 | 1289 | Founding of the Ottoman Dynasty | 61 | |
| 6610793538 | 1304-1369 | Life of Ibn Battuta | 62 | |
| 6607952509 | 1324 | Mansa Musa's pilgrimage | 63 | |
| 6607952510 | 1325-1349 | travels of Ibn Battuta | 64 | |
| 6610796665 | 1325 | Founding of Tenochititlán by the Mexica (Aztecs) | 65 | |
| 6610800376 | 1330s | Beginning of the Bubonic Plague in China | 66 | |
| 6610801052 | 1337-1453 | Hundred Years' War | 67 | |
| 6607952511 | 1347-1348 | Bubonic plague in Europe | 68 | |
| 6610805630 | 1368-1644 | Ming Dynasty in China | 69 | |
| 6610814428 | 1400-1600 ish | Kingdom of Kongo | 70 | |
| 6610815344 | 1405-1433 | Zheng He's voyages in the Indian Ocean | 71 | |
| 6607952512 | 1433 | end of Zheng He's voyages/Rise of Ottomans | 72 | |
| 6610817584 | 1441 | Beginning of the Portuguese slave trade in Africa | 73 | |
| 6607952513 | 1450 CE - 1750 | Period 4: Global Interactions | 74 | |
| 6607952514 | 1453 | Fall of Byzantine Empire (eastern Roman Empire)/ Ottomans capture Constantinople/ End of 100 years war | 75 | |
| 6610828861 | 1464-1591 | Empire of Songhay in Africa | 76 | |
| 6607952515 | 1488 | Dias rounded Cape of Good Hope | 77 | |
| 6607952516 | 1492 | Columbus sailed the ocean blue/ Reconquista of Spain | 78 | |
| 6610832320 | 1494 | Treaty of Tordesillas | 79 | |
| 6610835059 | 1497-1498 | Vasco da Gama's voyage to India | 80 | |
| 6607952517 | 1502 | 1st Slaves to Americas | 81 | |
| 6607952518 | 1517 | Martin Luther/95 theses/Prodistant reformation | 82 | |
| 6607952519 | 1519-1521 | Spanish conquest of Mexico (Cortez conquered the Aztecs) | 83 | |
| 6610840915 | 1526-1858 | Mughal Dynasty in India | 84 | |
| 6610841687 | 1532-1540 | Spanish conquest of Peru (Pizarro+ others) | 85 | |
| 6610843946 | 1545-1563 | Council of Trent | 86 | |
| 6610845758 | 1588 | Defeat of the Spanish Armada | 87 | |
| 6610846700 | 1603-1867 | Tokugawa Shogunate (Japan) | 88 | |
| 6610848238 | 1613 | Beginning of the Romanov dynasty of Russia | 89 | |
| 6607952521 | 1618-1648 | 30 years war | 90 | |
| 6610849665 | 1643-1715 | Reign of Louis 14 of France | 91 | |
| 6610852689 | 1644-1911 | Qing (Pure) dynasty in China | 92 | |
| 6607952522 | 1689 | Glorious Revolution/English Bill of Rights | 93 | |
| 6607952523 | 1750 CE - 1900 | Period 5: Industrialization and Global Integration | 94 | |
| 6607952524 | 1750 | Beginnings of the Industrial Revolution in England | 95 | |
| 6607952525 | 1756-1763 | 7 Year's War/French and Indian War | 96 | |
| 6611415118 | 1775-1783 | American Revolution | 97 | |
| 6607952526 | 1776 | Smith writes Wealth of Nations | 98 | |
| 6611416014 | 1788 | Founding of the first European colony in Australia | 99 | |
| 6607952527 | 1789-1799 | French Revolution | 100 | |
| 6611419388 | 1793-1804 | Haitian revolution | 101 | |
| 6607952528 | 1799-1814 | Rule of Napoleon Bonaparte | 102 | |
| 6611423806 | 1805-1848 | Rule of Muhammad Ali in Egypt | 103 | |
| 6611426361 | 1807 | End of the British Slave trade | 104 | |
| 6611427847 | 1810-1825 | Independence wars in Latin America | 105 | |
| 6607952529 | 1814-1815 | Congress of Vienna | 106 | |
| 6607952530 | 1839-1879 | Tanzimet era in the Ottoman Empire (series of reforms) | 107 | |
| 6607952531 | 1839-1842 | 1st opium war in China | 108 | |
| 6607952532 | 1848 | European revolutions/Marx & Engles write Communist Manifesto | 109 | |
| 6611438534 | 1850-1864 | Taiping Revolution in China | 110 | |
| 6607952533 | 1853 | Matthew Perry's expedition to Tokyo (opens Japan) | 111 | |
| 6607952534 | 1857 | Sepoy Mutiny(rebellion) | 112 | |
| 6607952535 | 1861 | end of Russian serfdom | 113 | |
| 6611448433 | 1861-1865 | US Civil War | 114 | |
| 6607952536 | 1865 | Abolition of slavery in the US | 115 | |
| 6611453959 | 1867 | Establishment of the Dominion of Canada | 116 | |
| 6611455652 | 1868 | Meiji Restoration in Japan | 117 | |
| 6611456828 | 1869 | Opening of the Suez Canal | 118 | |
| 6611457902 | 1870 | Unification of Italy | 119 | |
| 6607952537 | 1871 | German unification | 120 | |
| 6607952538 | 1884-1885 | Berlin Conference - division of Africa | 121 | |
| 6611461102 | 1888 | Abolition of slavery in Brazil | 122 | |
| 6607952539 | 1898-1899 | Spanish-American War - US acquires Philippines, Cuba, Guam, & Puerto Rico | 123 | |
| 6607952540 | 1899-1902 | Boer War-British in control of South Africa | 124 | |
| 6607952541 | 1900 CE - Present | Period 6: Accelerating Global Change and Realignments | 125 | |
| 6607952542 | 1904-1905 | Russo-Japanese war | 126 | |
| 6611491662 | 1905 | Revolution of 1905 in Russia/Einstein's theory of relativity | 127 | |
| 6611494961 | 1908-1918 | Young Turk era | 128 | |
| 6607952543 | 1910-1920 | Mexican Revolution | 129 | |
| 6607952544 | 1911-1912 | Chinese Revolution; end of Chinese dynastic Rule | 130 | |
| 6611498170 | 1914 | Opening of Panama Canal | 131 | |
| 6607952545 | 1914-1918 | WWI | 132 | |
| 6611498906 | 1917 | Bolshevik Revolution (October revolution) | 133 | |
| 6607952546 | 1918 | Treaty of Brest-Litovsk | 134 | |
| 6607952547 | 1919 | Treaty of Versailles-end of WWI/May fourth movement in China | 135 | |
| 6611506643 | 1921-1928 | Lenin's New Economic Policy | 136 | |
| 6611508664 | 1923 | End of Ottoman Empire/Establishment of the Republic of Turkey | 137 | |
| 6611510578 | 1928-1932 | First of Stalin's Five Year Plans | 138 | |
| 6607952548 | 1929 | Stock Market Crash/ Great Depression | 139 | |
| 6607952549 | 1931 | Japanese invasion of Manchuria | 140 | |
| 6611523192 | 1933 | Hitler's rise to Power in Germany | 141 | |
| 6607952550 | 1935 | Italian invasion of Ethiopia/Government of India act | 142 | |
| 6611526703 | 1937 | Japanese invasion of China | 143 | |
| 6607952551 | 1939 | German blitzkrieg in Poland | 144 | |
| 6607952552 | 1941 | Pearl Harbor, entry of US into WWII | 145 | |
| 6607952553 | 1945 | Atomic Bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki/ end of WWII | 146 | |
| 6607952554 | 1947 | independence & partition of India/ Truman Doctrine | 147 | |
| 6607952555 | 1948 | Marshall Plan/Creation of Israel/Establishment of Apartheid in South Africa/Universal Doctrine of Human Rights | 148 | |
| 6607952556 | 1949 | Division of Germany/Establishment of NATO/ Establishment of the People's Republic of China | 149 | |
| 6607952557 | 1950-1953 | Korean War | 150 | |
| 6607952558 | 1954 | Division of Vietnam/Vietnamese defeat French at Dien Bien Phu | 151 | |
| 6611543023 | 1955 | Establishment of Warsaw Pact | 152 | |
| 6607952559 | 1956 | Suez Crisis/Soviet invasion of Hungary | 153 | |
| 6611547060 | 1957 | Independence in Ghana | 154 | |
| 6611548199 | 1958-1961 | Great Leap Forward in China | 155 | |
| 6607952560 | 1959 | Cuban Revolution | 156 | |
| 6611550146 | 1960 | Establishment of OPEC(Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) | 157 | |
| 6611554530 | 1961 | Construction of Berlin Wall | 158 | |
| 6607952561 | 1962 | Cuban missile crisis | 159 | |
| 6611555536 | 1964 | Sino-Soviet Rift | 160 | |
| 6607952562 | 1967 | 6-day war/Chinese Cultural Revolution/Estabishment of European Community | 161 | |
| 6611563655 | 1968 | Prague Spring | 162 | |
| 6611565632 | 1972 | Beginning of détente | 163 | |
| 6607952563 | 1973 | Yom Kippur war(Arab-Israeli War)/Beginning of Arab oil embargo | 164 | |
| 6611572941 | 1975 | Fall of Vietnam | 165 | |
| 6607952564 | 1979 | Iranian Revolution | 166 | |
| 6611573960 | 1980-1988 | Iran-Iraq War | 167 | |
| 6607952565 | 1987 | 1st Palestinian Intifada(Palestinian uprising against the Israeli occupation of the West Bank and Gaza.) | 168 | |
| 6607952566 | 1989 | Tiananmen Square(student-led demonstrations in Beijing) (Massacre)/fall of Berlin Wall | 169 | |
| 6607952567 | 1991 | fall of USSR/End of Cold War/1st Gulf war(Operation Desert Shield/Desert Storm)(35 nations led by the United States against Iraq in response to Iraq's invasion and annexation of Kuwait.) | 170 | |
| 6611623344 | 1993 | Establishment of NAFTA(The North American Free Trade Agreement) | 171 | |
| 6607952568 | 1994 | genocide in Rwanda/1st all race elections in S. Africa | 172 | |
| 6611627196 | 1995 | Establishment of the World Trade Organization | 173 | |
| 6611628833 | 1997 | Transfer of Hong Kong to China | 174 | |
| 6607952569 | 2001 | 9/11 Attacks | 175 | |
| 6611629998 | 2003 | US Coalition-Iraq War | 176 | |
| 6611631261 | 2008-2010 | Global Economic Crisis | 177 |
Ap world history Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 5324606889 | Varna | Two categories of social identity of great importance in Indian history. Verna are the four major social divisions containing : Brahman(priest class), Kshatriya ( Warrior/ Administrator), Vaishya ( Merchant/ Farmer) Shudra ( Laborer class) | 0 | |
| 5324612026 | Jati | Regional groups of people who have a common occupational sphere and who marry, eat, and generally interact with other members of their groups. | 1 | |
| 5324614096 | Moksha | The hindu concept of the spirit's "Liberation" from the endless cycle of rebirths. | 2 | |
| 5324620548 | Mahabharata | A vast epic chronicling the events leading up a cataclysmic battle between related kinship groups in early india. It includes the Bhagavad-Gita | 3 | |
| 5324622033 | Bhagavad-gita: | The most important work of indian sacred literature, a dialogue between the great warrior Arjuna and the god Krishna on duty and the fate of the spirit | 4 | |
| 5324627449 | Theater-state | Historians term for a state that acquires prestige and power by developing attractive cultural forms and staging elaborate public ceremonies to attract and bind subjects to the center | 5 | |
| 5327100576 | Funan | An early complex society in southeast Asia between the first and sixth centuries Centered in the rich rice growing region of southern Vietnam. It controlled the passage of trade across the Malaysian isthmus. | 6 | |
| 5327114441 | Srivijaya | A state based on the Indonesian island of Sumatra between the seventh and eleventh centuries . it amassed wealth & power by a combination of selective adaptation of indian technologies and concepts, control of the lucrative trade routes between India and china, and skillful showmanship and diplomacy in holding together a disparate realm of inland and coastal territories. | 7 | |
| 5327121028 | Borobudur | A massive stone monument on the INdonesian island of Java, erected by the Sailendra kings around 800 C.E THe winding ascent through ten levels, decorated with rich relief carving, is a buddhist allegory for the progressive stages of enlightenment | 8 |
AP World History Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 5644660031 | 8000 B.C.E. - 600 C.E. Mediterranean Europe *Political* | Ancient Greeks had a decentralized city-state structure Athens first to establish a democracy Imperial Rome has a centralized Empire Caesar Augustus starts Pax Romana | 0 | |
| 5644660032 | 8000 B.C.E. - 600 C.E. Mediterranean Europe *Social* | Greek citizens dominate slaves Women status low in Athens, higher in Sparta Alexander the Great spreads culture throughout Hellenistic world Rome continues spread of Western culture Government and laws biggest lasting effects Roman citizens dominate slaves Patrician citizens more important than plebeian citizens | 1 | |
| 5644660033 | 8000 B.C.E. - 600 C.E. Mediterranean Europe *Economic* | Greeks dominate trade in Mediterranean first Roman control Mediterranean next Silk roads used by Hellenistic Greece and Rome | 2 | |
| 5644660034 | 8000 B.C.E. - 600 C.E. Mesoamerica and Andean America *Political* | Olmec developed in southern Mexico Maya civilization that followed in Yucatan Peninsula Maya had a decentralized city-state structure | 3 | |
| 5644660035 | 8000 B.C.E. - 600 C.E. Mesoamerica and Andean America *Social* | Olmec carver huge stone heads Maya polytheistic religion encourages math and astronomy skill Ball games, sacrifice, and calendar follows | 4 | |
| 5644660036 | 8000 B.C.E. - 600 C.E. Mesoamerica and Andean America *Economic* | Olmec and Maya regionally trade jade and obsidian | 5 | |
| 5644660037 | 8000 B.C.E. - 600 C.E. Sub-Saharan Africa *Political* | Bantu evolved in West Africa around modern day Nigeria | 6 | |
| 5644660038 | 8000 B.C.E. - 600 C.E. Sub-Saharan Africa *Social* | Migrated east and south Spread language, culture, and agriculture throughout Sub-Saharan Africa Animism the predominate religion Judaism and Christianity in Ethiopia | 7 | |
| 5644660039 | 8000 B.C.E. - 600 C.E. Middle East and North Africa *Political* | Sumerian city states develop in Fertile Crescent (Tigris & Euphrates) Hammurabi's code gives laws that apply to everyone Egypt creates a theocracy in the Nile River valley | 8 | |
| 5644660040 | 8000 B.C.E. - 600 C.E. Middle East and North Africa *Social* | Sumerian and Egyptian culture polytheistic Egyptian belief in afterlife led to construction of Pyramids Judaism and Christianity develop in Palestine Christianity develops from Judaism - both monotheistic | 9 | |
| 5644660041 | 8000 B.C.E. - 600 C.E. Middle East and North Africa *Economic* | Both cultures trade along their river valleys | 10 | |
| 5644660042 | 8000 B.C.E. - 600 C.E. East Asia *Political* | Yellow River Valley civilization first in China Zhou Dynasty starts Mandate of Heaven Qin Shihuangdi unifies China and builds Great Wall Han Dynasty Golden Age of Classical China Bureaucracy of Han best in the world | 11 | |
| 5644660043 | 8000 B.C.E. - 600 C.E. East Asia *Social* | Confucianism develops in chaotic times of late Zhou period Order is restored with responsibility and loyalty Daoism believes in harmony with nature | 12 | |
| 5644660044 | 8000 B.C.E. - 600 C.E. East Asia *Economic* | Silk and Porcelain production is a closely guarded state secret Silk Roads generate tremendous wealth for China | 13 | |
| 5644660045 | 8000 B.C.E. - 600 C.E. South Asia *Political* | Indus (Harappan) civilization develops in Pakistan Chandragupta Maurya founds Mauryan Empire around 320 B.C.E. Asoka leads the Mauryan to its height Chandra Gupta founds the Gupta Empire about 320 C.E. | 14 | |
| 5644660046 | 8000 B.C.E. - 600 C.E. South Asia *Social* | Caste system and Hinduism develop after fall of Indus Adherence to caste rules key to good karma Good karma key to better reincarnation and eventually moksha Buddhism develops from Hinduism in Nepal Siddhartha Gautama wants to end suffering by ending desire | 15 | |
| 5644660047 | 8000 B.C.E. - 600 C.E. South Asia *Economic* | Silk Roads allow India to trade with China and Mediterranean civilizations Spices, Gems, and Cotton make India an economic powerhouse | 16 | |
| 5644660048 | 600 C.E. - 1450 C.E. Western Europe *Political* | Fall of Rome leads to the Middle Ages Decentralized system of feudalism develops Church provides political stability in Europe | 17 | |
| 5644660049 | 600 C.E. - 1450 C.E. Western Europe *Social* | Strict social structure in Feudalism Life centered around Church and focused on afterlife Learning only found in monasteries Crusades launches to recapture the Holy Land fails Knowledge brought back from Middle East leads to Renaissance | 18 | |
| 5644660050 | 600 C.E. - 1450 C.E. Western Europe *Economic* | Cities disappear after collapse of Rome Manor system creates local economic activity only Contact with Arabs during Crusades restarts long distance trade | 19 | |
| 5644660051 | 600 C.E. - 1450 C.E. Mesoamerica and Andean America *Political* | Maya decline during this time period Aztec develop a large empire in central Mexico Large military used for capturing people of surrounding area for sacrifice Inca control a multicultural empire in the Andes | 20 | |
| 5644660052 | 600 C.E. - 1450 C.E. Mesoamerica and Andean America *Social* | Warlike gods of Aztec leads to mass sacrifice Inca road system improve communications Knotted roped called Quipu keep Inca records Inca religious city of Machu Picchu shows engineering ability | 21 | |
| 5644660053 | 600 C.E. - 1450 C.E. Mesoamerica and Andean America *Economic* | Aztecs trade throughout Mexico Inca road system allows easy trading throughout the Andes | 22 | |
| 5644660054 | 600 C.E. - 1450 C.E. Sub-Saharan Africa *Political* | Swahili City States of East Africa decentralized Sudanic Empires of Ghana, Mali, and Songhai dominate West Africa Muslim traveler Ibn Battuta says Mali best governed place in the world Great Zimbabwe a powerhouse in the South | 23 | |
| 5644660055 | 600 C.E. - 1450 C.E. Sub-Saharan Africa *Social* | Islam spreads to East and West Africa Swahili city states convert because of trade with Arabia Sudanic states convert because of trade with North Africa Mansa Musa makes Timbuktu the cultural center of Mali | 24 | |
| 5644660056 | 600 C.E. - 1450 C.E. Sub-Saharan Africa *Economic* | Swahili trade gold, ivory, and slaves with Middle East Ghana, Mali and then Songhai control Gold Salt trade with North Africa | 25 | |
| 5644660057 | 600 C.E. - 1450 C.E. Middle East and North Africa *Political* | Islam unifies Middle East Arabs control Middle East under Abbasid Caliphate Turks control Middle East under Ottoman Empire | 26 | |
| 5644660058 | 600 C.E. - 1450 C.E. Middle East and North Africa *Social* | Muslim Golden Age leads to advances in science and architecture Baghdad and its library center, Cairo still important Muslims tolerate Christians and Jews | 27 | |
| 5644660059 | 600 C.E. - 1450 C.E. Middle East and North Africa *Economic* | Middle East dominates trade throughout the Indian Ocean controls trade between Europe and Asia Trade brings great wealth to Arab and Ottoman Empires | 28 | |
| 5644660060 | 600 C.E. - 1450 C.E. South Asia *Political* | Muslim Turks conquer Northern India to establish Delhi Sultanate Timerlane burns Delhi to the ground | 29 | |
| 5644660061 | 600 C.E. - 1450 C.E. South Asia *Social* | Hindu caste system still strong amongst majority Delhi Sultanate established Muslim minority rule Muslims look down on Hindu subjects | 30 | |
| 5644660062 | 600 C.E. - 1450 C.E. South Asia *Economic* | India's vast trading goods make it one of the wealthiest regions Gold, gems, spices, cotton India center of Silk Roads and Ocean trade | 31 | |
| 5644660063 | 600 C.E. - 1450 C.E. Eastern Europe *Political* | Byzantine Empire replaces fallen Roman Empire in the East Uses diplomacy to stay relevant for another 1000 years Falls in 1453 to Ottoman Turks Muscovy influenced by Byzantine Empire Russia behind west after 200 year isolation from Mongol rule | 32 | |
| 5644660064 | 600 C.E. - 1450 C.E. Eastern Europe *Social* | Russia adopts Greek alphabet and religion from Byzantium Moscow claims title of third Rome after fall of Constantinople | 33 | |
| 5644660065 | 600 C.E. - 1450 C.E. Eastern Europe *Economic* | Byzantium a major trading power Decreases with growing strength of Arabs and Turks Russia trades more with west by the 1400s | 34 | |
| 5644660066 | 600 C.E. - 1450 C.E. East Asia *Political* | Tang and Song Dynasties best run governments in world Civil service examination creates effective bureaucracy Ming Dynasty replaces Mongol rule of 1200s Heian Period of Japan stable and fairly centralized Decentralization leads to Feudal period of Japan Japanese emperor figure head while shoguns in charge | 35 | |
| 5644660067 | 600 C.E. - 1450 C.E. East Asia *Social* | Scholar officials high status in Tang and Song Buddhism combines with Confucianism to create Neo-Confucianism Status of women low in China and Japan due to Neo-Confucianism Feudal Japan has rigid class system | 36 | |
| 5644660068 | 600 C.E. - 1450 C.E. East Asia *Economic* | Tang and Song wealthy from trade with India and Middle East Pax Mongolia increases trade throughout Asia Zheng He shows wealth of China with voyages in Indian Ocean | 37 | |
| 5644660069 | 600 C.E. - 1450 C.E. Southeast Asia *Political* | Burma heavily influenced by India India influences state of Angkor in present day Thailand Vietnam heavily influenced by Tang China | 38 | |
| 5644660070 | 600 C.E. - 1450 C.E. Southeast Asia *Social* | Hindu culture shows in temples of Angkor Wat Buddhism spreads to Thailand and Indochina Islam spreads to Malay Peninsula and Indonesia | 39 | |
| 5644660071 | 600 C.E. - 1450 C.E. Southeast Asia *Economic* | Heavy trade between China and India & Middle East Much of this pasts through Southeast Asia by land of sea | 40 | |
| 5644660072 | 1450 C.E. - 1750 C.E. Western Europe *Political* | Feudalism weakens and leads to kings centralizing power Religious wars resulting from Reformation leads to absolutism Absolutism provides security at the cost of freedom Peace and Prosperity lead to people wanting more freedoms Enlightenment questions the unchecked power of absolute monarchs | 41 | |
| 5644660073 | 1450 C.E. - 1750 C.E. Western Europe *Social* | Corruption of Church leads to Reformation Church permanently weakened with Protestantism and secularism of Renaissance Scientific Revolution leads to many discoveries that improve life | 42 | |
| 5644660074 | 1450 C.E. - 1750 C.E. Western Europe *Economic* | Questioning spirit of Renaissance leads to Age of Exploration Age of Exploration leads to Commercial Revolution Commercial Revolution creates a new middle class of merchants/bankers Mercantilism and Capitalism and Capitalism rapidly increase wealth of Europe Portugal and Spain first, then England and France | 43 | |
| 5644660075 | 1450 C.E. - 1750 C.E. Mesoamerica and Andean America *Political* | Arrival of Columbus leads to decline of Meso and Andean civilizations Cortes uses alliances, diseases, and guns to defeat Aztecs Pissaro exploits civil war and road system to defeat Inca Spanish rule Mexico from Mexico City and Peru from Lima Treaty of Tordesillas gives Portugal Brazil | 44 | |
| 5644660076 | 1450 C.E. - 1750 C.E. Mesoamerica and Andean America *Social* | Columbian Exchange connects Americas to rest of world Potato and tobacco to Europe and Africa Grains, livestock, and diseases to Americas Small pox kills Indians - importation of slaves results Encomienda system creates rigid labor system Penninsulares, Creoles, Mestizos, Indians, and Slaves | 45 | |
| 5644660077 | 1450 C.E. - 1750 C.E. Mesoamerica and Andean America *Economic* | Mining of silver and cultivation of sugar dominates Latin American economy Triangular Trade - Sugar to Europe, Guns to Africa, Slaves to Latin America Mercantilism depletes Americas of raw materials | 46 | |
| 5644660078 | 1450 C.E. - 1750 C.E. Sub-Saharan Africa *Political* | Moroccan army ends last Sudanic Empire of Songhai West Africa in constant war due to Triangular Trade Afonso of Kongo complacent in Portuguese slave trade at first Afonso (and other rulers) try unsuccessfully to stop it later Da Gama subdues the Swahili City States Dutch control the strategically important Cape town in South Africa | 47 | |
| 5644660079 | 1450 C.E. - 1750 C.E. Sub-Saharan Africa *Social* | Population decreases with 12 million Africans sold into slavery New World foods like potato bring population back up More women than men in west Africa due to slave trade | 48 | |
| 5644660080 | 1450 C.E. - 1750 C.E. Sub-Saharan Africa *Economic* | Triangular Trade at the center of African economy Raw materials begin to be exploited by Europeans | 49 | |
| 5644660081 | 1450 C.E. - 1750 C.E. Middle East and North Africa *Political* | Ottoman empire under Mehmet II conquers Constantinople Reaches apex under Suleiman and failed Siege of Vienna Loss of Asian trading monopoly and failure to reform and modernize Janissaries resistant to any political reform Battle of Lepanto (against Spain) ends Ottoman power in Mediterranean Ottomans significantly weaker than European nations by 1750 | 50 | |
| 5644660082 | 1450 C.E. - 1750 C.E. Middle East and North Africa *Social* | Large conversions of Balkans to Islam Causes religious problems in 1990s (Bosnia and Kosovo) | 51 | |
| 5644660083 | 1450 C.E. - 1750 C.E. Middle East and North Africa *Economic* | Ottomans totally control Europe/Asia trade after fall of Constantinople Short lived as Europeans find sea routes 50 years later Spanish silver floods Ottoman Empire causing inflation Loss of middleman status economic catastrophe | 52 |
Flashcards
Flashcards
AP World history Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 7273008052 | Bi Austronesian migrations | The last phase of the great human migration that established a human presence in every habitable region of the earth. Austronesian-speaking people settled the Pacific islands and Madagascar in a series of seaborne migrations that began around 3,500 years ago. (pron. aws-troe- NEEZH-an) | 0 | |
| 7273008390 | Brotherhood of the Tomol | A prestigious craft guild that monopolized the building and ownership of large oceangoing canoes, or tomols (pron. toe-mole), among the Chumash people (located in what is now southern California). | 1 | |
| 7273008791 | Chumash culture | Paleolithic culture of southern California that survived until the modern era. | 2 | |
| 7273008792 | Clovis culture | The earliest widespread and distinctive culture of North America; named from the Clovis point, a particular kind of projectile point. | 3 | |
| 7273009102 | Dreamtime | A complex worldview of Australia's Aboriginal people that held that current humans live in a vibration or echo of ancestral happenings. | 4 | |
| 7273009299 | Flores man | A recently discovered hominid species of Indonesia. | 5 | |
| 7273009300 | "gathering and hunting peoples" | As the name suggests, people who live by collecting food rather than producing it. Recent scholars have turned to this term instead of the older "hunter-gatherer" in recognition that such societies depend much more heavily on gathering than on hunting for survival. | 6 | |
| 7273009963 | great goddess | According to one theory, a dominant deity of the Paleolithic era. | 7 | |
| 7273009964 | Hadza | A people of northern Tanzania, almost the last surviving Paleolithic society. (pron. HAHD-zah) | 8 | |
| 7273010370 | "human revolution" | The term used to describe the transition of humans from acting out of biological imperative to dependence on learned or invented ways of living (culture). | 9 | |
| 7273010859 | Ice age | Any of a number of cold periods in the earth's history; the last Ice Age was at its peak around 20,000 years ago. | 10 | |
| 7273010860 | "insulting the meat" | A San cultural practice meant to deflate pride that involved negative comments about the meat brought in by a hunter and the expectation that a successful hunter would disparage his own kill. | 11 | |
| 7273011560 | Jomon culture | A settled Paleolithic culture of prehistoric Japan, characterized by seaside villages and the creation of some of the world's earliest pottery. (pron. JOE-mahn) | 12 | |
| 7273011561 | megafaunal extinction | Dying out of a number of large animal species, including the mammoth and several species of horses and camels, that occurred around 11,000-10,000 years ago, at the end of the Ice Age. The extinction may have been caused by excessive hunting or by the changing climate of the era. (pron. meg-ah- FAWN-al) | 13 | |
| 7273011798 | Neanderthals | Homo sapiens neanderthalensis, a European variant of Homo sapiens that died out about 25,000 years ago. | 14 | |
| 7273011799 | n/um | Among the San, a spiritual potency that becomes activated during "curing dances" and protects humans from the malevolent forces of gods or ancestral spirits. | 15 | |
| 7273013286 | "the original affluent society" | Term coined by the scholar Marshall Sahlins in 1972 to describe Paleolithic societies, which he regarded as affluent not because they had so much but because they wanted or needed so little. | 16 | |
| 7273013688 | Paleolithic | Literally "old stone age"; the term used to describe early Homo sapiens societies in the period before the development of agriculture. | 17 | |
| 7273013689 | Paleolithic rock art | While this term can refer to the art of any gathering and hunting society, it is typically used to describe the hundreds of Paleolithic paintings discovered in Spain and France and dating to about 20,000 years ago; these paintings usually depict a range of animals, although human figures and abstract designs are also found. The purpose of this art is debated. | 18 | |
| 7273014140 | Paleolithic "settling down" | The process by which some Paleolithic peoples moved toward permanent settlement in the wake of the last Ice Age. Settlement was marked by increasing storage of food and accumulation of goods as well as growing inequalities in society. | 19 | |
| 7273014144 | San, or Ju/'hoansi | A Paleolithic people still living on the northern fringe of the Kalahari desert in southern Africa. (pron. | 20 | |
| 7273014663 | Trance dance | In many early societies, a person believed to have the ability to act as a bridge between living humans and supernatural forces, often by means of trances induced by psychoactive drugs. | 21 | |
| 7273014664 | trance dance | In San culture, a nightlong ritual held to activate a human being's inner spiritual potency (n/um) to counteract the evil influences of gods and ancestors. The practice was apparently common to the Khoisan people, of whom the Ju/'hoansi are a surviving remnant. | 22 | |
| 7273014665 | Venus figurines | Paleolithic carvings of the female form, often with exaggerated breasts, buttocks, hips, and stomachs, which may have had religious significance. | 23 |
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