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AP Email Vocabulary and Structures Flashcards

6643787206	die Nachhilfe	provate lessons	0
6643793963	suchen	to look for	1
6643795365	der Neffe	the nephew	2
6643797943	erzählen	to tell	3
6643800811	hin und wieder	now and again	4
6643809175	bitten	to ask	5
6643812056	mit jemandem in Kontakt treten	to get in contact with someone	6
6643816060	aufbessern	to improve	7
6643819297	jemandem zur Verfügung stehen	to be available	8
6643822320	wohl	probably	9
6643824200	d.h.	that means	10
6643826891	beschreiben	to describe	11
6643829168	benutzen	to use	12
6643829180	vorbereiten	to prepare	13
6643831432	zusammensetzen	to sit together	14
6643834966	mitteilen	to inform	15
6643838041	annehmen	to accept (can also mean to assume)	16
6643848579	der Schulleiter	the school principal	17
6643850659	ehrenamtlich	voluntary	18
6643852952	das Angebot	the offer	19
6643854623	schätzen	to value	20
6643856263	freiwillig	voluntary	21
6643860507	sich an jemanden wenden	to turn to someone (for help)	22
6643865376	daher	for that reason	23
6643874270	die Möglichkeit	the possibility	24
6643878772	zum einen	on the one hand	25
6643880983	der Dienst	the service	26
6643884327	der Schülerlotsendienst	the pupil traffic warden	27
6643891904	der Schulschluss	the end of school	28
6643895528	der Zebrastreifen	the zebra crossing	29
6643919370	das Überqueren der Straße	crossing the road	30
6643922312	erfragen	to ask of someone	31
6643925267	zum anderen	on the other hand	32
6643926746	dringend	urgently	33
6643930048	der Begleiter	the person accompanying (a trip)	34
6643935502	der Nachmittag	the afternoon	35
6643937071	die Aufgabe	the task	36
6643945248	lieber	prefer	37
6643947239	die Erfahrung	the experience	38
6643949434	weitere Ideen	further ideas	39
6643950843	der Vorschlag	the suggestion	40
6643954844	die zukünftige Zusammenarbeit	the future collaboration	41
6643965502	das Mitglied	the member	42
6643967745	vorstellen	to introduce (can also mean to imagine)	43
6643972559	sehr geehrter Herr	dear sir	44
6643976024	sehr geehrte Frau ...	dear Madam	45
6643981927	mein Mann	my husband	46
6644332127	wir freuen uns	we are looking forward to	47
6644335123	während	during	48
6644336785	der Aufenthalt	the stay	49
6644340192	begrüßen	to greet	50
6644343337	die Altbauwohnung	the appartment	51
6644352098	entfernt sein	to be distant from	52
6644683470	die Probe	the practice	53
6644684828	stattfinden	to take place	54
6644688137	einiges	something	55
6644689930	unter anderem	amongst other things	56
6644693577	erwarten	to expect	57
6644709111	zeigen	to show	58
6644712479	Wofür	what	59
6644714172	besonders	especially	60
6644715498	unterwegs	on the road	61
6644717220	die Vorstellung	the idea	62
6644726227	unternehmen	to undertake	63
6644728411	ausprobieren	to try out	64
6644730451	die Englischkünste	the talents in English	65
6644733064	die Gelegenheit	the opportunity	66
6644748559	das Rückschreiben	the (written) reply	67
6644756948	die Inhaberin	the owner (female)	68
6644762991	erfahren	to discover	69
6644765413	selbstverständlich	of course	70
6644772858	jemanden willkommen heißen	to welcome someone	71
6644786369	aktuell	current	72
6644788628	der Bau	the building	73
6644804761	die ökologischen Baustoffe	the ecological building materials	74
6644808614	vor kurzem	recently	75
6644808615	bislang	up till now	76
6644810209	drehen	to film (can also mean to turn)	77
6644814971	im Allgemeinen	in general	78
6644817374	das Schulgebäude	the school building	79
6644820019	darüber	about that	80
6644825411	einige Termine	some meeting times	81
6644830127	verbleiben	remain	82
6644837412	der Vorstandsvorsitzende	chairman of the board	83
6644845594	der Naturschutzbund	the organisation protecting the environment	84
6644855612	aushelfen	to help out	85
6644858103	tätig werden	to become active	86
6644864829	der Bedarf	the need	87
6644867584	die finanziellen Mittel	the money	88
6644869244	beschränkt sein	to be limited	89
6644872363	im kommenden Sommer	next summer	90
6644876509	sich etwas vornehmen	to plan to do something	91
6644878375	mitarbeiten	to work with someone	92
6644881094	erfordern	demand	93
6644883597	körperliche Arbeit	manual labour	94
6644885525	in freier Natur	outside	95
6644885526	falls	if	96
6644887548	drinnen	inside	97
6644887550	draußen	outside	98
6644892155	eingesetzt werden	to be used in	99
6644893746	bestimmt	specific	100
6644898202	die Vorkenntnisse	the previous knowledge	101
6644899440	die Fähigkeit	the skill	102
6644901715	nützlich	useful	103
6644903503	im Anhang	in the attachments	104
6644932390	das Formular ausfüllen	to fill in the form	105
6644935196	per Post zuschicken	to send by post	106
6644938118	zur Verfügung stehen	to be available	107
6644945514	vielen Dank für Ihre Mail	thank you for your email	108
6644949537	Ich freue mich auf unsere Zusammenarbeit	I'm looking forward to working together	109
6644954567	Ich möchte gerne bei Ihnen aushelfen	I would like to help you	110
6644962555	Ich freue mich im voraus auf Ihre Antwort	I'm looking forward to your answer in advance	111
6644966362	Mit freundlichen Grüßen	yours sincerely	112
6644973454	Vielen Dank für diese Möglichkeit	Thank you for this possibility	113
6644982515	Ich habe Erfahrung, denn ich habe letzten Sommer ... gemacht	I have experience, as I did ... last summer	114
6644988194	Ich interessiere mich besonders für ...	I am especially interested in ...	115

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AP Spanish IV AP- Frases con Tener Flashcards

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7582345205	Tener en cuenta	To take into account	0
7582345206	Tener que ver con	To have to do (with)	1
7582345207	Tener ... anos	To be .... years old	2
7582345208	Tener lastima	To have pity	3
7582345209	Tener calor	To be hot	4
7582345210	Tener lugar	To take place	5
7582345211	Tener catarro	To have a cold	6
7582345212	Tener miedo	To be afraid	7
7582345213	Tener celos	To be jealous	8
7582345214	Tener presente	To keep in mind	9
7582345215	Tener cuidado	To be careful	10
7582345216	Tener prisa	To be in a hurry	11
7582345217	Tener derecho	To have the right	12
7582345218	Tener que ver con	To have to do (with)	13
7582345219	Tener razon	To be right	14
7582345220	Tener exito	To be successful	15
7582345221	Tener sed	To be thirsty	16
7582345222	Tener frio	To be cold	17
7582345223	Tener sueno	To be sleepy	18
7582345224	Tener ganas de	To feel like	19
7582345225	Tener suerte	To be lucky	20
7582345226	Tener hambre	To be hungry	21
7582345227	Tener verguenza	to be ashamed	22
7582345228	Tener la culpa	To bear the blame	23

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AP Lit: Literary Terms Flashcards

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5904327169	allegory	story or poem that can be used to reveal a hidden meaning	0
5904327170	alliteration	beginning of same letter or sound in closely connected words	1
5904327171	allusion	indirect of passing reference	2
5904327172	anaphora	repetition in first part of a sentence , to have an artistic meaning	3
5904327173	antagonist	a hostile person who is opposed to another character	4
5904327174	apostrophe	figure of speech used to adresss an imaginary character	5
5904327175	approximate rhyme	words in rhyming pattern that sound alike	6
5904327176	aside	when a character's dialogue is spoken but not heard by other actors on the stage	7
5904327177	assonance	repetition of vowel sounds	8
5904327178	blank verse	poetry written in meter without an ending rhyme	9
5904327179	cacophony	blend of unharmonious sounds	10
5904327180	caesura	pause in the middle of a line	11
5904327181	catharsis	the release of emotions through art (emotional cleanse)	12
5904327182	flat character	story character who have no depth, usually has one personality or characteristic	13
5904327183	round character	character who has complex personality: contradicted person	14
5904327184	dynamic character	changes throughout the story, through major conflict	15
5904327185	static character	person who doesn't change throughout story keeps same personality	16
5904327186	characterization	process of revealing characters personality	17
5904327187	climax	point where conflict hits its highest point	18
5904327188	comedy	drama that is amusing or funny	19
5904327189	conflict	struggle between opposing forces	20
5904327190	connotation	secondary meaning to a word	21
5904327192	couplet	two rhyming lines in a verse	22
5904327193	denotation	the literal meaning of a word	23
5904327194	denouement	final outcome of the story	24
5904327195	deus ex machina	resolution of a plot by chance or coincidence	25
5904327196	didactic writing	writing with a primary purpose to teach or preach	26
5904327197	direct presentation of character	author telling the reader how a character is and what actions it will do further in the story	27
5904327200	end rhyme	rhymes occurring at the end of line	28
5904327201	end stopped line	line ending in regular punctuation	29
5962299713	enjambment	when a thought or line in poetry continues past one line to the next, connected in thought	30
5904327202	English sonnet	a sonnet rhyming ababcdcdededgg	31
5904327203	epiphany	when a character receives a spiritual insight into they life	32
5904327204	euphony	smooth choice and arrangement of sounds	33
5904327206	falling action	Events after the climax, leading to the resolution	34
5904327207	feminine rhyme	lines that have a two-syllable word rhyming at the end, with the first syllable stressed and the second syllable unstressed	35
5904327208	figurative language	Language that is not literal, often written to create a special effect or feeling.	36
5904327209	figure of speech	a way of saying something other than the literal way (figurative language)	37
5904327210	foot	a measuring unit in poetry, which is made up of stressed and unstressed syllables	38
5904327211	form	external pattern or shape of a poem	39
5904327212	free verse	Poetry that does not have a regular meter or rhyme scheme	40
5904327213	hamartia	tragic flaw, usually pride, which causes a character's downfall	41
5904327214	imagery	Description that appeals to the senses (sight, sound, smell, touch, taste)	42
5904327215	indirect presentation of character	the personality of a character is revealed by what he or she does or says	43
5904327216	internal rhyme	A word inside a line rhymes with another word on the same line	44
5904327217	irony	A contrast between expectation and reality	45
5904327218	verbal irony	A figure of speech in which what is said is the opposite of what is meant	46
5904327219	dramatic irony	Irony that occurs when the meaning of the situation is understood by the audience but not by the characters in the play.	47
5904327220	irony of situation	refers to an occurrence that is contrary to what is expected or intended	48
5904327221	italian sonnet	A sonnet consisting of an octave with the rhyme pattern abbaabba, followed by a sestet with the rhyme pattern cdecde or cdcdcd	49
5904327222	masculine rhyme	A rhyme ending on the final stressed syllable	50
5904327223	melodrama	a play based upon a dramatic plot and developed sensationally	51
5904327224	metaphor	A comparison without using like or as	52
5904327225	meter	A regular pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in a line of poetry	53
5904327226	metonymy	A figure of speech in which something is referred to by using the name of something that is associated with it	54
5904327227	motivation	A need or desire that energizes and directs behavior	55
5904327228	narrator	Person telling the story	56
5904327229	octave	8 line stanza	57
5904327230	onomatopoeia	A word that imitates the sound it represents.	58
5904327231	hyperbole	A figure of speech that uses exaggeration to express strong emotion, make a point, or evoke humor	59
5904327232	oxymoron	A figure of speech that combines opposite or contradictory terms in a brief phrase.	60
5904327233	paradox	A contradiction or dilemma, usually situational	61
5904327234	paraphrase	A restatement of a text or passage in your own words.	62
5904327235	personification	A figure of speech in which an object or animal is given human feelings, thoughts, or attitudes	63
5904327236	plot	Sequence of events in a story	64
5904327237	point of view	The perspective from which a story is told	65
5904327238	omniscient point of view	The point of view where the narrator knows everything about the characters and their problems - told in the 3rd person.	66
5904327239	third person limited point of view	narrator tells the story from only one character's pov	67
5904327240	first person point of view	a character in the story is actually telling the story himself/herself	68
5904327241	objective point of view	a narrator who is totally impersonal and objective tells the story, with no comment on any characters or events.	69
5904327242	protagonist	Main character	70
5904327243	quatrain	A four line stanza	71
5904327244	rhythm	A regularly recurring sequence of events or actions.	72
5904327245	rhyme scheme	A regular pattern of rhyming words in a poem	73
5904327246	rising action	Events leading up to the climax	74
5904327247	sarcasm	the use of irony to mock or convey contempt	75
5904327248	satire	A literary work that criticizes human misconduct and ridicules vices, stupidities, and follies.	76
5904327249	scansion	Analysis of verse into metrical patterns	77
5904327250	sestet	6 line stanza	78
5904327251	setting	The context in time and place in which the action of a story occurs.	79
5904327252	simile	A comparison using "like" or "as"	80
5904327253	soliloquy	A long monologue expressing the thoughts of one character alone on stage	81
5904327254	sonnet	14-line poem	82
5904327255	stanza	A chunk of lines in a poem, a "paragraph" within a poem	83
5904327256	stream of consciousness	private thoughts of a character within the text, usually disobeying rules of grammar and not interfering with plot action	84
5904327258	symbol	A physical item that represents or stands for something more meaningful	85
5904327259	synecdoche	a figure of speech in which a part is made to represent the whole or vice versa	86
5904327260	synesthesia	describing one kind of sensation in terms of another sense, mixing two or more of the five senses ("a silent color", "a delicious sound")	87
5904327261	tercet	3 line stanza	88
5904327262	terza rima	an arrangement of triplets, especially in iambs, that rhyme aba bcb cdc, etc.	89
5904327263	theme	Central idea of a work of literature	90
5904327264	tone	Attitude a writer takes toward the audience, a subject, or a character	91
5904327265	tragedy	A serious form of drama dealing with the downfall of a heroic or noble character	92
5904327266	truncation	Utilizing a melody with part of the end omitted.	93
5904327267	understatement	the deliberate representation of something as lesser in magnitude than it actually is; a deliberate under-emphasis	94
5904327269	vilanelle	a nineteen-line poem with two rhymes throughout, consisting of five tercets and a quatrain, with the first and third lines of the opening tercet recurring alternately at the end of the other tercets and with both repeated at the close of the concluding quatrain.	95

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AP Vocabulary List 5 Flashcards

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5636118124	affront	to do or say something that shows a lack of respect for (someone or someone's feelings)	0
5636118125	blase	having or showing a lack of excitement or interest in something especially because it is very familiar	1
5636118126	cajole	to persuade someone to do something or to give you something by making promises or saying nice things	2
5636120053	choleric	made angry easily	3
5636121617	encumber	to make (someone or something) hold or carry something heavy; to cause problems or difficulties for (someone or something)	4
5636121618	feckless	having or resulting from a weak character or nature; irresponsible	5
5636121619	impasse	a situation in which no progress seems possible	6
5636122414	indolent	not liking to work or be active	7
5636122415	lugubrious	full or sadness or sorrow: very sad especially in an exaggerated or insincere way	8
5636122416	ribald	referring to sexual matters in an amusingly rude or irreverent way	9

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AP Psychology - Memory Flashcards

Advanced Placement Psychology
All terms from Myers Psychology for AP (BFW Worth, 2011)

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5872822785	memory	the persistence of learning over time through the storage and retrieval of information.	0
5872822786	encoding	the processing of information into the memory system—for example, by extracting meaning.	1
5872822787	storage	the retention of encoded information over time.	2
5872822788	retrieval	the process of getting information out of memory storage.	3
5872822789	sensory memory	the immediate, very brief recording of sensory information in the memory system.	4
5872822790	short-term memory	activated memory that holds a few items briefly, such as the seven digits of a phone number while dialing, before the information is stored or forgotten.	5
5872822791	long-term memory	the relatively permanent and limitless storehouse of the memory system. Includes knowledge, skills, and experiences.	6
5872822792	working memory	a newer understanding of short-term memory that focuses on conscious, active processing of incoming auditory and visual-spatial information, and of information retrieved from long-term memory.	7
5872822793	automatic processing	unconscious encoding of incidental information, such as space, time, and frequency, and of well-learned information, such as word meanings.	8
5872822794	effortful processing	encoding that requires attention and conscious effort.	9
5872822795	rehearsal	the conscious repetition of information, either to maintain it in consciousness or to encode it for storage.	10
5872822796	spacing effect	the tendency for distributed study or practice to yield better long-term retention than is achieved through massed study or practice.	11
5872822797	serial position effect	our tendency to recall best the last and first items in a list.	12
5872822798	visual encoding	the encoding of picture images.	13
5872822799	acoustic encoding	the encoding of sound, especially the sound of words.	14
5872822800	semantic encoding	the encoding of meaning, including the meaning of words.	15
5872822801	imagery	mental pictures; a powerful aid to effortful processing, especially when combined with semantic encoding.	16
5872822802	mnemonics	memory aids, especially those techniques that use vivid imagery and organizational devices.	17
5872822803	chunking	organizing items into familiar, manageable units; often occurs automatically.	18
5872822804	iconic memory	a momentary sensory memory of visual stimuli; a photographic or picture-image memory lasting no more than a few tenths of a second.	19
5872822805	echoic memory	A momentary sensory memory of auditory stimuli; if attention is elsewhere, sounds and words can still be recalled within 3 or 4 seconds.	20
5872822806	long-term potentiation (LTP)	an increase in a synapse's firing potential after brief, rapid stimulation. Believed to be a neural basis for learning and memory.	21
5872822807	flashbulb memory	a clear memory of an emotionally significant moment or event.	22
5872822808	amnesia	the loss of memory.	23
5872822809	implicit memory	retention independent of conscious recollection. (Also called procedural memory.)	24
5872822810	explicit memory	memory of facts and experiences that one can consciously know and "declare." (Also called declarative memory.)	25
5872822811	hippocampus	a neural center that is located in the limbic system; helps process explicit memories for storage.	26
5872822812	recall	a measure of memory in which the person must retrieve information learned earlier, as on a fill-in-the-blank test.	27
5872822813	recognition	a measure of memory in which the person need only identify items previously learned, as on a multiple-choice test.	28
5872822814	relearning	a measure of memory that assesses the amount of time saved when learning material for a second time.	29
5872822815	priming	the activation, often unconsciously, of particular associations in memory.	30
5872822816	déjà vu	that eerie sense that "I've experienced this before." Cues from the current situation may subconsciously trigger retrieval of an earlier experience.	31
5872822817	mood-congruent memory	the tendency to recall experiences that are consistent with one's current good or bad mood.	32
5872822818	proactive interference	the disruptive effect of prior learning on the recall of new information.	33
5872822819	retroactive interference	the disruptive effect of new learning on the recall of old information.	34
5872822820	repression	in psychoanalytic theory, the basic defense mechanism that banishes anxiety-arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories from consciousness.	35
5872822821	misinformation effect	incorporating misleading information into one's memory of an event.	36
5872822822	source amnesia (source misattribution)	attributing to the wrong source an event we have experienced, heard about, read about, or imagined. (Also called source misattribution.) Source amnesia, along with the misinformation effect, is at the heart of many false memories.	37
5872822823	serial processing	occurs when the brain computes information step-by-step in a methodical and linear matter	38

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A critical part of the AP test consists of analyzing reading. The words contained in this set will help you describe the tone of a passage, a critical part when analyzing writing. There are 155 terms so I'm sure you can find just the word to grasp the the tone you are looking for. Also, when you are writing, you can use any of these words as the tone you want your reader to find. If you are able to know the tone you want to get across, it becomes many times easier to express it.

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4771078231	flippant	lacking in seriousness; disrespectful, saucy	0
4771078232	foreboding	a feeling of evil to come	1
4771078233	formal	(of spoken and written language) adhering to traditional standards of correctness and without casual, contracted, and colloquial forms	2
4771078234	forthright	characterized by directness in manner or speech	3
4771078235	grave	causing fear or anxiety by threatening great harm; of great gravity or crucial importance	4
4771078236	happy	experiencing pleasure or joy	5
4771078237	haughty	having or showing arrogant superiority to and disdain of those one views as unworthy	6
4771078238	harsh	extremely unkind or cruel; severe	7
4771078239	humble	marked by meekness or modesty	8
4771078240	indignant	angered at something unjust or wrong	9
4771078241	inflammatory	causing excitement or anger; leading to violence or disorder	10
4771078242	informative	providing or conveying information	11
4771078243	inquisitive	showing curiosity	12
4771078244	insolent	insulting in manner or speech	13
4771078245	instructive	tending to increase knowledge or dissipate ignorance	14
4771078246	insulting	expressing extreme contempt	15
4771078247	intimate	marked by close aquaintance, association, or familiarity	16
4771078248	ironic	suggesting an incongruity between what might be expected and what actually happens; given to irony, sarcastic	17
4771078249	irreverant	showing a lack of respect	18
4771078250	judgmental	critical; disapproving; authoritative and often having critical opinions	19
4771078251	jovial	full of or showing high-spirited merriment	20
4771078252	lyrical	Songlike; characterized by emotions, subjectivity, and imagination.	21
4771078253	matter-of-fact	Concerned only with factual content rather than style or expression	22
4771078254	meditative	deeply or seriously thoughtful	23
4771078255	meloncholic	sad and depressed	24
4771078256	mocking	treating with contempt or ridicule	25
4771078257	morose	having a gloomy or sullen manner; not friendly or sociable	26
4771078258	mournful	expressing sorrow	27
4771078259	malicious	wishing or appearing to wish evil to others	28
4771078260	nervous	causing or fraught with or showing anxiety; excited in anticipation	29
4771078261	nostalgic	unhappy at being away and longing for familiar things or persons	30
4771078262	objective	belonging to immediate experience of actual things or events; undistorted by emotion or personal bias	31
4771078263	obsequious	attentive in an ingratiating or servile manner; attempting to win favor from influential people by flattery	32
4771078264	outraged	angered at something unjust or wrong	33
4771078265	paranoid	Exhibiting or characterized by extreme and irrational fear or distrust of others	34
4771078266	passionate	having or expressing strong emotions	35
4771078267	patronizing	treating with condescension; acting superior	36
4771078268	peaceful	not violent or disorderly; calm and quiet	37
4771078269	persuasive	tending or intended or having the power to induce action or belief	38
4771078270	pessimistic	seeing the worst side of things; no hope	39
4771078271	playful	full of fun and high spirits	40
4771078272	pleading	expressing earnest entreaty	41
4771078273	pleasant	affording pleasure	42
4771078274	poignant	deeply affecting, touching; keen or sharp in taste or smell	43
4771078275	pompous	overly self-important in speech and manner; excessively stately or ceremonious	44
4771078276	pretentious	making claim to or creating an appearance of (often undeserved) importance or distinction	45
4771078277	proud	having or displaying great dignity or nobility	46
4771078278	quarrelsome	Always ready to argue; argumentative; confrontational	47
4771078279	questioning	characterized by or indicating intellectual curiosity; inquiring	48
4771078280	quizzical	perplexed (as if being expected to know something that you do not know); puzzled	49
4771078281	reflective	illustrating innermost thoughts and emotions	50
4771078282	regretful	repentant; apologetic	51
4771078283	relaxed	made less tense or rigid; without strain or anxiety	52
4771078284	reminiscent	evocative; suggestive of something already past	53
4771078285	remorseful	feeling or expressing pain or sorrow for sins or offenses	54
4771078286	resigned	submissive; compliant or yielding	55
4771078287	respectful	full of or exhibiting respect	56
4771078288	restrained	prudent; cool and formal in manner; not showy or obtrusive	57
4771078289	ribald	humorously vulgar	58
4771078290	reverent	feeling or showing profound respect or veneration	59
4771078291	ridiculing	slightly contemptuous banter; making fun of	60
4771078292	sad	experiencing or showing sorrow or unhappiness	61
4771078293	sarcastic	the use of witty language used to insult or show displeasure or ridicule	62
4771078294	sardonic	disdainfully or ironically humorous	63
4771078295	sentimental	showing or causing a lot of emotion; excessive emotional response to experience; nauseatingly nostalgic and mawkish	64
4771078296	serious	requiring effort or concentration; completely lacking in playfulness	65
4771078297	shameful	(used of conduct or character) deserving or bringing disgrace or shame	66
4771078298	sharp	having or demonstrating ability to recognize or draw fine distinctions; quick and forceful; marked by practical hardheaded intelligence	67
4771078299	scornful	filled with contempt; showing disdain; angry; disgusted	68
4771078300	sincere	characterized by a firm and humorless belief in the validity of your opinions	69
4771078301	solemn	dignified and somber in manner or character and committed to keeping promises; serious; grave	70
4771078302	sanguine	confidently optimistic and cheerful	71
4771078303	whimsical	lightly acting in a fanciful or capricious manner; unpredictable	72
4771078304	accusing	containing or expressing accusation	73
4771078305	admiring	to regard with wonder, pleasure, approval, or respect	74
4771078306	admonitory	1. expressing reproof or reproach especially as a corrective 2. containing warning	75
4771078307	affectionate	feeling or showing a great liking for a person or persons; loving; devoted; tender	76
4771078308	aggravated	v. to make worse or more unpleasant; to annoy	77
4771078309	agitated	physically disturbed or set in motion	78
4771078310	ambivalent	characterized by a mixture of opposite feelings or attitudes	79
4771078311	amiable	diffusing warmth and friendliness	80
4771078312	agreeable	1. to your own liking or feelings or nature 2. prepared to agree or consent	81
4771078313	amused	pleasurably entertained, occupied, or diverted	82
4771078314	anxious	mentally upset over possible misfortune or danger etc	83
4771078315	apathetic	marked by a lack of interest	84
4771078316	apologetic	offering or expressing apology	85
4771078317	appreciative	having or showing gratitude, recognizing the value of someone or something	86
4771078318	apprehensive	in fear or dread of possible evil or harm	87
4771078319	arrogant	having or showing feelings of unwarranted importance out of overbearing pride	88
4771078320	artificial	1. contrived by art rather than nature 2. not genuine or natural	89
4771078321	ashamed	feeling sorry for wrongdoing	90
4771078322	authoratative	official, coming from a source that calls for ovedience or belief; dictatorial	91
4771078323	baffled	perplexed by many conflicting situations or statements	92
4771078324	bantering	teasing or making fun of in a playful, good-natured way	93
4771078325	belligerent	given to fighting, warlike; combative, aggressive; one at war, one engaged in war	94
4771078326	benevolent	generous in providing aid to others	95
4771078327	bewildered	completely confused; puzzled	96
4771078328	bitter	1. harsh or corrosive in tone 2. very difficult to accept or bear 3. expressive of severe grief or regret	97
4771078329	bored	uninterested because of frequent exposure or indulgence	98
4771078330	brash	offensively bold	99
4771078331	callous	emotionally hardened; unfeeling	100
4771078332	candid	openly straightforward and direct without reserve or secretiveness	101
4771078333	caustic	harsh or corrosive in tone; sarcastic	102
4771078334	ceremonial	traditional; ritual; formal	103
4771078335	cheery	bright and pleasant	104
4771078336	choleric	quickly aroused to anger	105
4771078337	clinical	1. very objective and devoid of emotion; analytical 2. purely scientific; dispassionately curious; impersonal	106
4771078338	coarse	lacking refinement or cultivation or taste	107
4771078339	cold	1. having lost freshness through passage of time 2. feeling or showing no enthusiasm	108
4771078340	compassionate	showing recognition of unusually distressful circumstances; sympathetic	109
4771078341	concerned	feeling or showing worry or solicitude	110
4771078342	condemnatory	expressing negative judgment upon; accusing	111
4771078343	condescending	possessing an attitude of superiority, patronizing	112
4771078344	confident	having faith in oneself; self-reliant; sure	113
4771078345	confused	to be uncertain or unclear about something	114
4771078346	consoling	affording comfort or solace	115
4771078347	contemplative	persistently or morbidly thoughtful	116
4771078348	content	satisfy in a limited way	117
4771078349	contradictory	unable to be both true at the same time	118
4771078350	conventional	following accepted customs and proprieties	119
4771078351	critical	1. marked by a tendency to find and call attention to errors and flaws 2. being in or verging on a state of crisis or emergency	120
4771078352	cruel	lacking or showing kindness or compassion or mercy	121
4771078353	cynical	believing the worst of human nature and motives	122
4771078354	dejected	affected or marked by low spirits	123
4771078355	despairing	Hopeless, despondent, discouraged	124
4771078356	desperate	showing extreme urgency or intensity especially because of great need or desire	125
4771078357	detached	emotionally removed; free from emotional involvement; calm and objective; physically separate	126
4771078358	didactic	instructive (especially excessively)	127
4771078359	disdainful	having or showing arrogant superiority to and disdain of those one views as unworthy	128
4771078360	disgruntled	in a state of sulky dissatisfaction	129
4771078361	disgusted	having a strong distaste from surfeit	130
4771078362	disinterested	unaffected by self-interest	131
4771078363	distressed	in great pain or sorrow; upset; distraught	132
4771078364	doubtful	unsettled in mind or opinion	133
4771078365	dramatic	filled with action, emotion, or exciting qualities; vivid, striking	134
4771078366	dreamy	Reflecting a preoccupation with pleasant thoughts that distract one from one's present surroundings.	135
4771078367	droll	comical in an odd or whimsical manner	136
4771078368	earnest	serious and important; not light and playful; sincere	137
4771078369	ecstatic	feeling great rapture or delight	138
4771078370	embarrassed	caused to feel self-conscious and uncomfortable	139
4771078371	encouraging	giving courage or confidence or hope; furnishing support and encouragement	140
4771078372	energetic	possessing or exerting or displaying energy	141
4771078373	enthusiastic	having or showing great excitement and interest	142
4771078374	excited	in an aroused state	143
4771078375	erudite	having or showing profound knowledge	144
4771078376	facetious	cleverly amusing in tone	145
4771078377	factual	characterized by fact	146
4771078378	fanciful	whimsical; visionary; imaginary; produced by imagination	147
4771078379	fervent	sincerely or intensely felt	148
4771078380	inexorably	not to be persuaded, moved, or stopped	149
4771078381	idolatrous	of or relating to idoltry	150
4771078382	allusive	implied; indirect reference	151
4771078383	pedantic	showy of knowledge	152
4771078384	terse	rudely direct	153
4771078385	discordant	1. disagreeing or incongruous 2. (of sounds) harsh and jarring because of a lack of harmony	154

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AP Macro Unit 1 Flashcards

AP Macroeconomics Unit 1 Study Guide

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6041019816	Scarcity	A resource that is not available in sufficient quantities to satisfy all the various ways a society wants to use it	0
6041031770	Resources	Anything that can be used to produce something else	1
6041037447	Four Categories of Resources	Land Labor Capital Entrepreneurship	2
6041040964	Land	All resources that come from nature	3
6041045270	Labor	The effect of workers	4
6041046979	Capital	Manufactured goods used to make other goods and services	5
6041051223	Entrepreneurship	The efforts of entrepreneurs in organizing resources for production	6
6041112050	Economics	The study of scarcity and choice	7
6041113837	Economy	A system for coordinating a society's productive and consumptive activities	8
6041120866	Incentives	Rewards or punishments that motivate particular choices	9
6041141541	Positive Economics	Branch of economic analysis that describes the way the economy actually works	10
6041144207	Normative Economics	Makes prescriptions about the way the economy should work	11
6041152511	Opportunity Cost	The value of what you must give up when you make a particular choice	12
6041166371	Wants	Something that people desire to have, that they may, or may not, be able to obtain	13
6041168482	Needs	Something needed to survive	14
6041175752	Factors of Production	...	15
6041177979	Production Possibility Curves	A graph that describes the maximum amount of one good that can be produced for every possible level of production of the other good	16
6041182360	Efficiency PPC	Point A,B,C	17
6041186027	Inefficiency PPC	Point D	18
6041213585	Full Employment PPC	Point A,B,C	19
6041204160	Law of Increasing Costs	As the factors of production shift from making one good or service to another, the cost of producing the second item increases	20
6041232130	Inferior Goods	Goods for which demand decreases as income increases	21
6041236588	Norma Goods	Goods for which demand increases as income increases	22
6041241622	Exports	Goods produced domestically and sold abroad	23
6041243578	Inports	Goods produced abroad and sold domestically	24
6041247389	Absolute Advantage	The ability to produce a good using fewer inputs than another producer	25
6041250705	Comparative Advantage	The ability of a country to produce a good at a lower opportunity cost than another producer	26
6041266499	Black Market	System of selling goods and services outside official channels Created in response to shortages	27
6041266500	Supply Curve		28
6041283596	Change in Demand Determinants	Tastes+preferences Price of relates goods (substitute&complement) Income Expectations Population (# of buyers)	29
6041295760	Complement	Products that sell better together	30
6041298670	Substitute	Products that directly compete and can serve as a substitute for one another	31
6041257242	Demand Curve		32
6041308642	Change in Supply Determinants	Price of inputs Technology Government policy (taxes&subsidies) # of sellers Expectations	33
6041318628	Equilibrium	Where the supply curve intersects the demand curve	34
6041324716	Price Ceiling	A legal maximum on the price at which a good can be sold When price is too high the gov deflates the price	35
6041328764	Price Floor	A legal minimum on the price at which a good can be sold When price is too low the gov inflates the price	36
6041335577	Surplus	Qs>Qd	37
6041364655	Shortage	Qd	38

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AP vocabulary #2 Flashcards

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7881349972	Imprecation	a curse	0
7881354704	Non sequitur	something that does not follow logically	1
7881360038	Sanguine	Cheerful; optimistic	2
7881367945	Bowdlerize	to remove offensive passages of a play, novel, etc	3
7881380550	Panegyric	an expression of praise	4
7881389797	Quandary	a puzzling situation; a dilemma	5
7881394078	Ebullient	enthusiastic	6
7881398672	Deference	respect; consideration	7
7881475182	Nebulous	hazy; vague; consideration	8
7881489778	Rakish	dashingly stylish and confident	9
7881495228	Elegy	a sad or mournful poem	10
7881500197	Pedantic	tending to show off one's learning	11
7881507102	Antipathy	an intense dislike	12
7881515730	Elucidate	to make clear	13
7881526285	Imminent	likely to happen; threatening	14
7881665647	Banal	common, ordinary	15
7881689959	Obdurate	stubborn; hardhearted	16
7881696066	Peruse	to read carefully; to scrutinize	17
7881701300	Bedlam	a noisy uproar; a scene of wild confusion	18
7881710554	Affluence	wealth; richness	19
7881714337	Scurrilous	coarsely abusive; vulgar	20
7881721349	Onerous	burdensome; heavy; hard to endure	21
7881736871	Amoral	lacking a sense of right and wrong	22
7881743975	Eschew	to keep away from; to avoid; to shun	23
7881752855	Vignette	a short descriptive literary sketch	24
7881763043	Iconoclast	a person who attacks cherished beliefs or established institutions	25
7881779040	dearth	shortage	26
7881782095	Galvanize	to arouse suddenly; to startle	27
7881786471	Kindle	to ignite; to arouse or inspire	28
7881794592	nomenclature	a systematic naming in an art or science	29

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