AP World History - Chapter 9 Flashcards
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| 7729176556 | An Lushan | Foreign-born general who led a major revolt against the Tang dynasty in 755-763, perhaps provoking China's turn to xenophobia. (pron. ahn loo-shahn) | 0 | |
| 7729176557 | bushido | The "way of the warrior," referring to the military virtues of the Japanese samurai, including bravery, loyalty, and an emphasis on death over surrender. (pron. boo-SHEE-doh) | 1 | |
| 7729176558 | Chinese Buddhism | China's only large-scale cultural borrowing before the twentieth century; it entered China from India in the first and second centuries C.E. but only became popular in 300-800 C.E. through a series of cultural accommodations. At first supported by the state, it suffered persecution during the ninth century but continued to play a role in Chinese society. | 2 | |
| 7729176559 | chu nom | A variation of Chinese writing developed in Vietnam that became the basis for an independent national literature; "southern script." (pron. choo nom) | 3 | |
| 7729176560 | foot binding | Chinese practice of tightly wrapping girls' feet to keep them small, begun in the Tang dynasty; an emphasis on small size and delicacy was central to views of female beauty. | 4 | |
| 7729176561 | hangul | A phonetic alphabet developed in Korea in the fifteenth century (pron. HAHN-gool) | 5 | |
| 7729176562 | Hangzhou | China's capital during the Song dynasty, with a population of more than a million people. (pron. hahng-zoh) | 6 | |
| 7729176563 | Heian | Japan's second capital city (now known as Kyoto), modeled on the Chinese capital of Chang'an; also used to describe the period of Japanese history from 794 to 1192 C.E. (pron. HIGH-an) | 7 | |
| 7729176564 | Jurchen | A nomadic people who established a state that included parts of northern China (1115-1234). | 8 | |
| 7729176565 | kami | Sacred spirits of Japan, whether ancestors or natural phenomena; their worship much later came to be called Shinto. (pron. KAHM-ee) | 9 | |
| 7729176566 | Khitan | A nomadic people who established a state that included parts of northern China (907-1125). (pron. kee-tahn) | 10 | |
| 7729176567 | Koryo | Korean dynasty (918-1392). (pron. KAW-ree-oh) | 11 | |
| 7729176568 | Kumsong | The capital of Korea in the medieval era, modeled on the Chinese capital of Chang'an. (pron. KOOM-song) | 12 | |
| 7729176569 | Murasaki Shikibu | Perhaps Japan's greatest author, a woman active at the Heian court who is best known for The Tale of Genji, which she wrote around 1000 C.E. (pron. moo-rah-SAH-kee shee-KEE-boo) | 13 | |
| 7729176570 | Nara | Japan's first capital city, modeled on the Chinese capital of Chang'an. (pron. NAH-rah) | 14 | |
| 7729176571 | Neo-Confucianism | A philosophy that emerged in Song-dynasty China; it revived Confucian thinking while adding in Buddhist and Daoist elements. | 15 | |
| 7729176572 | Pure Land Buddhism | A school of Buddhism that proved to be immensely popular in China; emphasized salvation by faith in the Amitabha Buddha. | 16 | |
| 7729176573 | samurai | Members of Japan's warrior class, which developed as political power became increasingly decentralized. (pron. SAM-ooh-rye) | 17 | |
| 7729176574 | Shotoku Taishi | Japanese statesman (572-622) who launched the drive to make Japan into a centralized bureaucratic state modeled on China; he is best known for the Seventeen Article Constitution, which lays out the principles of this reform. (pron. show-TOE-koo tie-EESH-ah) | 18 | |
| 7729176575 | Silla dynasty | The first ruling dynasty to bring a measure of political unity to the Korean peninsula (688-900). (pron. SILL-ah or SHILL-ah) | 19 | |
| 7729176576 | Song dynasty economic revolution | A major economic quickening that took place in China under the Song dynasty (960-1279); marked by rapid population growth, urbanization, economic specialization, the development of an immense network of internal waterways, and a great increase in industrial production and innovation. (pron. soong) | 20 | |
| 7729176577 | Sui dynasty | Ruling dynasty of China (581-618) that effectively reunited the country after several centuries of political fragmentation. (pron. sway) | 21 | |
| 7729176578 | Tang dynasty | Ruling dynasty of China from 618 to 907; noted for its openness to foreign cultural influences. (pron. tahng, not "tayng") | 22 | |
| 7729176579 | tanka | Highly stylized form of Japanese poetry that has been a favored means of expression for centuries. (pron. TAHNkah) | 23 | |
| 7729176580 | tribute system | Chinese method of dealing with foreign lands and peoples that assumed the subordination of all non-Chinese authorities and required the payment of tribute—produce of value from their countries—to the Chinese emperor (although the Chinese gifts given in return were often much more valuable). | 24 | |
| 7729176581 | Trung sisters | Two Vietnamese sisters who launched a major revolt against the Chinese presence in Vietnam in 39 C.E.; the rebellion was crushed and the sisters committed suicide, but they remained symbols of Vietnamese resistance to China for centuries. (pron. troong) | 25 | |
| 7729176582 | Uighurs | Turkic empire of the steppes; flourished in the eighth century C.E. (pron. WEE-gers) | 26 | |
| 7729176583 | Emperor Wendi | Sui emperor (r. 581-604) who particularly patronized Buddhism. (pron. WEN-dee) | 27 | |
| 7729176584 | Xiongnu | Major nomadic confederacy that was established ca. 200 B.C.E. and eventually reached from Manchuria to Central Asia. (pron. SHE-OONG-noo) | 28 | |
| 7729176585 | Yi | Korean dynasty (1392-1910). (pron. yee) | 29 |
