ap world history chapter 18 review Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 7461648940 | tobacco | a crop used in ceremonies by Amerindian's and smoked in a pipe. Europeans began to grow this crop on large plantations for consumption | 0 | |
| 7461688760 | chartered companies | groups of private investors that pay a fee in exchange for a trade monopoly in the colonies | 1 | |
| 7461761966 | Dutch West India Company | trading company that took over sugar producing plantations in Brazil, shipped slaves to Brazil, payed stock-holders dividends and used private enterprise | 2 | |
| 7461792558 | sugar; African | expansion into the West Indies of the _________ plantation required more labor so there was a sharp increase in _____ slave trade | 3 | |
| 7461853428 | tobacco, sugar | the economy changed from depending largely on __________ to________ | 4 | |
| 7461855500 | 3 | In Barbados the population of enslaved Africans was _x more than Europeans | 5 | |
| 7461895373 | Barbados | most wealthy and populous colony of England's american colonies | 6 | |
| 7461908528 | Barbados | ____________ and other west Indian colonies surpassed Brazil as the world's principal source of sugar | 7 | |
| 7461921000 | indentured servants | poor men who came to Americas and gained land by working off passage, free at end of service, cost half as much as African slaves | 8 | |
| 7461930370 | sugar; African | Rising ___________ prices helped the West Indian sugar planters afford _________ slaves | 9 | |
| 7461938911 | 7 | slaves typically lived for _ years after their arrival while indentured servants could be freed after 3-4 years | 10 | |
| 7461973363 | France, England | _________ and ___________ expanded Caribbean holdings by attacking the Spanish (pirates and force) | 11 | |
| 7461986432 | farm; factory | sugar production was hard work because it required a ________ and a ________ to refine it | 12 | |
| 7462006820 | French; coffee,cacao | the ________ were more diverse than other countries because they produced _____ and ___________ | 13 | |
| 7462035557 | soil exhaustion, deforestation | ______ ________ and ___________ were 2 environmental damages of sugar plantations | 14 | |
| 7462044470 | grass gangs | children slaves did the easier work and were put into groups called "______ ________" | 15 | |
| 7462050518 | 90% | on most islands, _______% of the population was made up of slaves | 16 | |
| 7462052375 | plantocracy | the rich men who owned the slaves and land | 17 | |
| 7462567533 | men; women | _______ outnumbered _______ on plantations | 18 | |
| 7462575781 | slave driver | a privileged male slave who made sure the gang completed their work | 19 | |
| 7462586564 | eat | slaves worked sun-up to sun-down with a short break to __ | 20 | |
| 7462605245 | whipping | slaves had harsh punishment, typically ____________, for offenses such as malingering, illness or fatigue | 21 | |
| 7462633872 | sundays | slaves were given________ off so they could take care of their own homes and families | 22 | |
| 7462638565 | 23 | the life expectancy of a male slave was about __ years | 23 | |
| 7462642597 | disease | most slaves died of ___________ | 24 | |
| 7462651282 | colonial; Christianity; Africa | In an attempt to curtail African traditions in the colonies, slaves had to learn __________ language, convert to _____________, and were mixed with slaves from other parts of __________ | 25 | |
| 7462687418 | manumission | granting or buying of freedom to an individual slave | 26 | |
| 7462717752 | great whites, little whites, free blacks | the social hierarchy was made of 3 tiers: the ___________, the _________ and _________ ____________ | 27 | |
| 7462739574 | children | some slave women were freed if their master had _________ by them | 28 | |
| 7462743257 | maroon | runaway slaves | 29 | |
| 7462746288 | Jamaican | __________ maroons were the 1st to sign treaties with their overlords | 30 | |
| 7462772461 | insurance | to reduce the risk of overseas trade, they purchased ____________- | 31 | |
| 7462778420 | mercantilism | ____________ promoted trade between a country and its colonies; it protects trade and the accumulation of gold and silver; colonies traded only with their mother country and force was used to secure exclusive relations | 32 | |
| 7462822093 | capitalism | economic system of large financial institutions (banks, stocks exchanges, investment companies) that first developed in early modern Europe | 33 | |
| 7462838134 | Navigation Acts | confined trade to English ships and cargos in British colonies | 34 | |
| 7462857386 | Atlantic Circuit | the network of trade routes connecting Europe, Africa and the Americas that underlay the Atlantic system | 35 | |
| 7462867366 | Middle Passage | the part of the Atlantic circuit involving the transportation of enslaved Africans across the Atlantic to the Americas | 36 | |
| 7462882315 | 800,000, 7.5 | over _________________ slaves were transported across the Atlantic and this number rose to _._ million slaves during the sugar boom | 37 | |
| 7462888949 | disease | the principal cause of death in the Middle Passage was ___________ | 38 | |
| 7462926510 | guns, textiles | Africans that provided slaves to the Europeans received both ______ and ___________ | 39 | |
| 7462935995 | Dahomey | ________ was most dependent on the slave trade of all the African colonies because they strengthened their military by firearms | 40 | |
| 7462950759 | Bight of Biafra | most slaves were kidnapped from this area | 41 | |
| 7462957911 | Angola | majority of slaves came from _________ | 42 | |
| 7462957912 | Africans | _________ were complicit in selling slaves to the traders | 43 | |
| 7462965541 | soldiers, servants | Islamic slave trade was based upon 2 jobs : ________ or _________ | 44 | |
| 7462987140 | concubines | women slaves worked as either __________ or entertainers | 45 | |
| 7462989695 | Shariya law | __________ ________ prohibited the enslavement of other Muslims, but this did not always hold true | 46 | |
| 7463015243 | Sahara; smaller | Islamic slave trade south of the ________ was much ________ in volume that the European taking of slaves | 47 | |
| 7463024002 | slave coast; large | areas closest to the _________ ________ lost the largest amount of people, but African population as a whole remained ___________ | 48 | |
| 7463030442 | foods | the bringing in of new ________ to Africa offset the loss of population --> bananas, coconuts, limes | 49 | |
| 7463040621 | men; women | more _____ than ________ were traded into slavery | 50 | |
| 7463047421 | Europeans | The ________ gained much more wealth from slave trade, vent though the trade had 2 sides | 51 |
AP World History Unit 1 Terms Flashcards
Key terms from "Ways of the World" chapters 2 through 3.
Terms : Hide Images
| 4861249816 | end of the last Ice Age | coincided with the migration of Homo sapiens across the planet and created new conditions that made agriculture possible |  | 0 |
| 4861257542 | "broad spectrum diet" | make use of a large number of plants and to hunt and eat both small and large animals |  | 1 |
| 4861272388 | Fertile Crescent | Among the most favored areas—and the first to experience a full Agricultural Revolution an area sometimes known as Southwest Asia, consisting of present-day Iraq, Syria, Israel/Palestine, and southern Turkey |  | 2 |
| 4861285073 | teosinte | the ancestor of corn, a mountain grass looks nothing like what we now know as corn or maize |  | 3 |
| 4861304726 | diffusion | the gradual spread of agricultural techniques, and perhaps of the plants and animals themselves, but without the extensive movement of agricultural people |  | 4 |
| 4861313240 | Bantu migration | the migration of peoples speaking one or another of some 400 Bantu languages. Beginning from what is now southern Nigeria or Cameroon around 3000 B.C.E., Bantu-speaking people moved east and south over the next several millennia, taking with them their agricultural, cattle-raising, and, later, ironworking skills, as well as their languages. |  | 5 |
| 4861327177 | peoples of Australia | The Agricultural Revolution in New Guinea, for example, did not spread much beyond its core region. In particular, it did not pass to the nearby __________, who remained steadfastly committed to gathering and hunting ways of life. |  | 6 |
| 4861334737 | Banpo | an ancient village near the present-day city of Xian explosion of technological innovation village-based farmers |  | 7 |
| 4861349143 | "secondary products revolution" | A further set of technological changes, beginning around 4000 B.C.E. These technological innovations involved new uses for domesticated animals,beyond their meat and hides. |  | 8 |
| 4861367005 | pastoral societies | Known as herders, pastoralists, or nomads, such people emerged in Central Asia, the Arabian Peninsula, the Sahara, and in parts of eastern and southern Africa. What they had in common was mobility, for they moved seasonally as they followed the changing patterns of vegetation necessary as pasture for their animals. |  | 9 |
| 4861378768 | Çatalhüyük | a very early agricultural village in southern Turkey |  | 10 |
| 4861391053 | "stateless societies" | conducted their affairs without formal centralized states or full-time rulers, even when they were aware of these institutions and practices from nearby peoples |  | 11 |
| 4861411606 | chiefdoms | inherited positions of power and privilege introduced a more distinct element of inequality, but unlike later "kings," chiefs could seldom use force to compel the obedience of their subjects. Instead they relied on their generosity or gift giving, their ritual status, or their personal charisma to persuade their followers. |  | 12 |
| 4861521245 | Norte Chico/Caral | along the central coast of Peru from roughly 3000 B.C.E. to 1800 B.C.E. This desert region received very little rainfall, but it was punctuated by dozens of rivers that brought the snowmelt of the adjacent Andes Mountains to the Pacific Ocean. |  | 13 |
| 4861606934 | Indus Valley civilization | little indication of a political hierarchy or centralized state the local environmental impact was heavy and eventually undermined its ecological foundations |  | 14 |
| 4883541604 | Olmec civilization | Mesoamerica erected enormous human heads, more than ten feet tall and weighing at least twenty tons, carved from blocks of basalt and probably representing particular rulers "mother civilization" of Mesoamerica |  | 15 |
| 4883576858 | Uruk | ancient Mesopotamia's largest city walls more than twenty feet tall and a population around 50,000 in the third millennium B.C. |  | 16 |
| 4883589512 | Mohenjo Daro/Harappa | largest city of the Indus Valley civilization large, richly built houses of two or three stories, complete with indoor plumbing, luxurious bathrooms, and private wells Streets were laid out in a gridlike pattern, and beneath the streets ran a complex sewage system Citadel |  | 17 |
| 4883610883 | Code of Hammurabi | In Mesopotamia, how punishments were prescribed depended on social status |  | 18 |
| 4883618378 | patriarchy | the institutions and values of male dominance |  | 19 |
| 4883674446 | rise of the state | Organized around particular cities or larger territories, early states were headed almost everywhere by kings, who employed a variety of ranked officials, exercised a measure of control over society, and defended the state against external enemies |  | 20 |
| 4883683335 | Epic of Gilgamesh | Mesopotamian pessimistic view of the gods and of the possibility for eternal life |  | 21 |
| 4883697699 | Egypt: "the gift of the Nile" | At the heart of Egyptian life depended on to sustain a productive agriculture in otherwise arid land the general regularity and relative gentleness of annual flooding |  | 22 |
| 4883724591 | Nubia | south along the Nile long and often contentious relationship with Egypt traded with Egypt By the fourteenth century B.C.E. part of an Egyptian empire developing its own alphabetic script, retaining many of its own gods, developing a major ironworking industry by 500 B.C.E |  | 23 |
| 4883751645 | Hyksos | pastoral group with chariots invaded Egypt and ruled it for more than a century (1650-1535 B.C.E.) shattered the sense of security that this Nile Valley civilization had long enjoyed stimulated the normally complacent Egyptians to adopt a number of technologies pioneered earlier in Asia |  | 24 |
AP World History Chapter 26 study Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 9142271587 | By 1915, the U.S. railroad network was | the largest in the world | 0 | |
| 9142271588 | How was the ocean shipping transformed by the mid-nineteenth century? | all of these | 1 | |
| 9142271589 | The "annihilation of time and space," extolled by the public and the press, referred especially to | submarine telegraph cables |  | 2 |
| 9142271590 | Englishman Henry Bessemer is | best known for his advances in producing steel |  | 3 |
| 9142271591 | What qualities make steel different from iron? | it is both hard and elastic | 4 | |
| 9142271592 | The chemical dye industry hurt tropical nations such as India because | those nations grew the most indigo | 5 | |
| 9142271593 | The development of nitroglycerin was important for | explosives | 6 | |
| 9142271594 | Industrial chemistry was a great advantage to Germany because Germany | had the most advanced scientific institutions | 7 | |
| 9142271595 | Despite the prosperity in the West due to the growth of world trade, economies periodically experienced | booms followed by depressions in the business cycle | 8 | |
| 9142271596 | By 1900, the nation that controlled the majority of the world's trade and finances was | Great Britain | 9 | |
| 9142271597 | The increase in the number of Europeans overseas was largely due to | a drop in the death rate | 10 | |
| 9142271598 | The most important urban technological innovation was | pipes for water and sewage | 11 | |
| 9142271599 | The middle class exhibited its wealth in | fine houses, servants, and elegant entertainment | 12 | |
| 9142271600 | The Victorian Age refers to rules of behavior and family wherein | the home was idealized as a peaceful and loving refuge | 13 | |
| 9142271601 | Late-nineteenth-century Victorian morality dictated that men and women belong in | "separate spheres" | 14 | |
| 9142271602 | Families were considered middle-class only if they | employed a full-time servant | 15 | |
| 9142271603 | When the typewriter and telephone were first used in business in the 1880's, | businessmen found that they were ideal tools for women workers | 16 | |
| 9142271604 | Why were women considered well-suited for teaching jobs? | it was an extension of the duties of Victorian mothers | 17 | |
| 9142271605 | Some women sought satisfaction outside of the home and became involved | all of these | 18 | |
| 9142271606 | Urban industrial working-class women had the difficult task of | earning a living as well as keeping house and children | 19 | |
| 9142271607 | What ideology question the sanctity of private property? | Socialism | 20 | |
| 9142271608 | The nineteenth-century movement that defended workers against their employers was | the labor union movement | 21 | |
| 9142271609 | Karl Marx defined "surplus value" as the | difference between wages and the value of goods | 22 | |
| 9142271610 | The goal of International Working Man's Association was to | overthrow the bourgeoisie | 23 | |
| 9142271611 | Workers around the world primarily sought change | by participating in the political system through voting | 24 | |
| 9142271612 | The most influential idea of the nineteenth century was | Nationalism | 25 | |
| 9142271613 | A revolutionary nineteenth-century idea was to realign national boundaries to fit | religious and linguistic divisions | 26 | |
| 9142271614 | Which of the following was NOT an idea that Liberalism asserted? | equality for all peoples | 27 | |
| 9142271615 | Who was the most famous early nineteenth-century nationalist? | Giuseppe Mazzini | 28 | |
| 9142271616 | Bismarck's plan to unite most German-speaking people into a single state was centered on using | industry and nationalism | 29 | |
| 9142271617 | Bismarck gave the vote all adult males in order to | weaken the influence of middle-class liberals | 30 | |
| 9142271618 | The British nineteenth-century attitude toward Europe has been called a policy of | "splendid isolation" | 31 | |
| 9142271619 | Why did nationalism fail to unify Russia and Austria-Hungary? | their empires included many ethnic and language groups | 32 | |
| 9142271620 | Although Tsar Alexander II emancipated the serfs, | he failed to create a modern state based on the Western model | 33 | |
| 9142271621 | One direct result of Russo-Japanese War in 1904-1905 was the | popular revolt that forced the creation of Duma and a new consititution | 34 | |
| 9142271622 | In Tokugawa Japan, the political power rested in the hands of the | military leader of shogun | 35 | |
| 9142271623 | The biggest weakness of the Tokugawa Shogunate was an inability to resist invasion; therefore | Japan closed its borders to foreigners | 36 | |
| 9142271624 | Who demanded that Japan open its ports for refueling and trade? | Matthew Perry | 37 | |
| 9142271625 | In 1858, the Treaty of Kanagawa | was modeled on the unequal treaties that the West had with China | 38 | |
| 9142271626 | Leaders of Meiji Japan planned to remain free from Western imperialism by | becoming a world-class industrial power | 39 | |
| 9142271627 | The Meiji transformed the government and incorporated | European practices in government, education, industry, and popular culture | 40 | |
| 9142271628 | The Meiji oligarchs transformed Japan by | introducing a new army, education system, and industry | 41 | |
| 9142271629 | Once government-owned industries in Japan became profitable, | they were sold to private investors | 42 | |
| 9142271630 | The Boxer Uprising was a series of riots | encouraged by Chinese officials against foreign presence | 43 |
AP World History!!!! Flashcards
The Post-Classical World, 500-1450
Terms : Hide Images
| 9892391126 | Dhows | Arab sailing vessels; equipped with lateen sails; used by Arab merchants | 0 | |
| 9892391127 | Seljuk Turks | nomadic invaders from central; staunch Sunnis; ruled in the name of the Abbasids | 1 | |
| 9892391128 | Crusades | invasions of western Christians into Muslim lands, especially Palestine; captured Jerusalem and established Christian kingdoms enduring until 1291 | 2 | |
| 9892391129 | Mongols | central Asian nomadic peoples; captured Baghdad in 1258 and killed the last Abbasid caliph | 3 | |
| 9892391130 | Chinggis Khan | (1162-1227); Mongol ruler; defeated the Turkish Persian kingdoms | 4 | |
| 9892391131 | Arabic numerals | Indian numerical notation brought by the Arabs to the West | 5 | |
| 9892391132 | Malacca | flourishing trading city in Malaya; established a trading empire after the fall of Shrivijaya | 6 | |
| 9892391133 | Mali | state of the Malinke people centered between the Senegal and Niger rivers | 7 | |
| 9892391134 | Mansa | title of the ruler of Mali | 8 | |
| 9892391135 | Ibn Battuta | Arab traveler throughout the Muslim world | 9 | |
| 9892391136 | Sundiata | created a unified state that became the Mali empire; died in 1260 | 10 | |
| 9892391137 | Songhay | successor state to Mali; dominated middle reaches of the Niger valley; capital at Gao | 11 | |
| 9892391138 | East African trading ports | urbanized commercial centers mixing African and Arab cultures; included Mogadishu, Mombasa, , Kilwa | 12 | |
| 9892391139 | Great Zimbabwe | with massive stone buildings and walls, incorporates the greatest early buildings in sub-Saharan Africa | 13 | |
| 9892391140 | Greek Fire | Byzantine weapon consisting of mixture of chemicals that ignited when exposed to water; used to drive back the Arab fleets attacking Constantinople | 14 | |
| 9892391141 | Icons | images of religious figures venerated by Byzantine Christians | 15 | |
| 9892391142 | Iconoclasm | the breaking of images; religious controversy of the 8th c; Byzantine emperor attempted, but failed, to suppress icon veneration | 16 | |
| 9892391143 | Cyril and Methodius | Byzantine missionaries sent to convert eastern Europe and Balkans; responsible for creation of Slavic written script called Cyrillic | 17 | |
| 9892391144 | Kiev | commercial city in Ukraine established by Scandinavians in 9th c; became the center for a kingdom that flourished until 12th c | 18 | |
| 9892391145 | Vladmir I | ruler of Kiev (980-1015); converted kingdom to Orthodox Christianity | 19 | |
| 9892391146 | Russian Orthodoxy | Russian form of Christianity brought from Byzantine Empire | 20 | |
| 9892391147 | Middle Ages | the period in western European history between the fall of Roman Empire and the 15th c | 21 | |
| 9892391148 | Gothic | an architectural style developed during the 13th and 14th c in western Europe; featured pointed arches and flying buttresses as external support on main walls | 22 | |
| 9892391149 | Vikings | seagoing Scandinavian raiders who disrupted coastal areas of Europe from the 8th to 11th c; pushed across the Atlantic to Iceland, Greenland, and North America; formed permanent territories in Normandy and Sicily | 23 | |
| 9892391150 | Manorialism | rural system of reciprocal relations between landlords and their peasant laborers during the Middle Ages; peasants exchanged labor for use of land and protection | 24 | |
| 9892391151 | Serfs | peasant agricultural laborers within the manorial system | 25 | |
| 9892391152 | Three-field system | practice of dividing land into thirds, rotating between two different crops and pasturage-- an improvement making use of manure | 26 | |
| 9892391153 | Clovis | King of the Franks; converted to Christianity circa 496 | 27 | |
| 9892391154 | Carolingians | royal house of Franks from 8th c to 10th c | 28 | |
| 9892391155 | Charles Martel | first Carolingian king of the Franks; defeated Muslims at Tours in 732 | 29 | |
| 9892391156 | Charlemagne | Carolingian monarch who established large empire in France and Germany circa 800 | 30 | |
| 9892391157 | Holy Roman Emperors | political heirs to Charlemagne's empire in northern Italy and Germany; claimed title of emperor but failed to develop centralized monarchy | 31 | |
| 9892391158 | Feudalism | personal relationship during the Middle Ages by which greater lords provided land to lesser lords in return for military service | 32 | |
| 9892391159 | Vassals | members of the military elite who received land or a benefice from a lord in return for military service and loyalty | 33 | |
| 9892391160 | William the Conqueror | invaded England from Normandy in 1066; established tight feudal system and centralized monarchy in England | 34 | |
| 9892391161 | Magna Carta | Great charter issued by King John of England in 1215; represented principle of mutual limits and obligations between rulers and feudal aristocracy, and the supremacy of law | 35 | |
| 9892391162 | Parliaments | bodies representing privileged groups; institutionalized the principle that kings ruled with the advice and consent of their subjects | 36 | |
| 9892391163 | Hundred Years War | conflict between England and France over territory (1337-1453) Established a since of Nationalism with each country. Joan of Arc united the French and promoted French patriotism. | 37 | |
| 9892391164 | Pope Urban II | organized the first Crusade in 1095; appealed to Christians to free the Holy Land from Muslim control | 38 | |
| 9892391165 | Investiture | the practice of appointment of bishops; Pope Gregory attempted to stop lay investiture, leading to a conflict with the Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV | 39 | |
| 9892391166 | Gregory VII | 11th c pope who attempted to free church from secular control; quarreled with Holy Roman Emperor Henry IV over practice of lay investiture of bishops | 40 | |
| 9892391167 | Thomas Aquinas | creator of one of the great syntheses of medieval learning; taught at University of Paris; author of Summas; believed that through reason it was possible to know much about natural order, moral law, and nature of God | 41 | |
| 9892391168 | Scholasticism | dominant medieval philosophical approach; so-called because of its base in the schools or universities; based on use of logic to resolve theological problems | 42 | |
| 9892391169 | Hanseatic League | an organization of north German and Scandinavian cities for the purpose of establishing a commercial alliance | 43 | |
| 9892391170 | Guilds | associations of workers in the same occupation in a single city; stressed security and mutual control; limited membership, regulated apprenticeships, guaranteed good workmanship; held a privileged place in cities | 44 | |
| 9892391171 | Black Death | bubonic plague that struck Europe in the 14th c; significantly reduced Europe's population; affected social structure; decimated populations in Asia | 45 | |
| 9892391172 | Period of the Six Dynasties | era of continuous warfare (220-589) among the many kingdoms that followed the fall of the Han | 46 | |
| 9892391173 | Sinification | extensive adaptation of Chinese culture in other regions | 47 | |
| 9892391174 | Shamanism | Mongol beliefs focused on nature spirits | 48 | |
| 9892391175 | Golden Horde | one of four regional subdivisions of the Mongol Empire after death of Chinggis Khan; conquered and ruled Russua during the 13th and 14th c | 49 | |
| 9892391176 | Ilkhan khanate | one of four regional subdivisions of the Mongol empire after the death of Chinggis Khan; eventually included much of Abbasid empire | 50 | |
| 9892391177 | Kubilai Khan | grandson of Chinggis Khan; conquered China; established Yuan dynasty in 1271 | 51 | |
| 9892391178 | White Lotus Society | secret religious society dedicated to overthrow of Yuan dynasty | 52 | |
| 9892391179 | Ottoman Empire | Turkish empire established in Asia Minor and eventually extending through the Middle East and the Balkans; conquered Constantinople in 1453 and ended Byzantine Empire | 53 | |
| 9892391180 | Ming Dynasty | replaced Mongal Yuan dynasty in China in 1368; lasted until 1644; initially mounted large trade expeditions to southern Asia and Africa; later concentrated on internal development within China | 54 | |
| 9892391181 | Ethnocentrism | judging foreigners by the standards of one's own group; leads to problems in interpreting world history | 55 | |
| 9892391182 | Inca and Rome both had | extensive road systems | 56 | |
| 9892391183 | Important continuity in social structure of states and empires 600-1450 | land holding aristocracies, patriarchies, peasant systems still in place | 57 | |
| 9892391184 | Trans Saharan trade | Dominated my Muslims in 13th century after rise of Islamic caliphates.. |  | 58 |
| 9892391189 | Indian Ocean Maritime Trade |  | 59 | |
| 9892391185 | Cities that rose during this time due to increased trade | Novgorod, Constantinople, Timbuktu | 60 | |
| 9892391186 | Timbuktu | trade center of Mali, cosmopolitan city that saw the blending of many different cultures and people | 61 | |
| 9892391187 | New forms of monetization | Checks, Bills of Exchange | 62 | |
| 9892391190 | Bantu Migrations |  | 63 | |
| 9892391188 | Marco Polo | traveler/merchant from Europe who spend 17 years at court of Kublai Khan | 64 |
AP World History Section 1 Lesson 2 Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 7287902264 | This region used to be known as Mesopotamia | Middle East/ SW Asia | 0 | |
| 7287910119 | The _______ were the first civilization on Earth. | Sumerians | 1 | |
| 7287913341 | The Sumerians had independent ______-_______ | City-states | 2 | |
| 7287921672 | The Sumerians were the first to ________ | Invent a writing system | 3 | |
| 7287939864 | The Summerians built _________ to worship and many other things. It was built out of clay and mud bricks. | Ziggurats | 4 | |
| 7287940911 | North Africa |  | 5 | |
| 7287947754 | The _____ _____ is the source of everything for the Egyptians | Nile river | 6 | |
| 7287954102 | The Egyptians built a writing system which was written on _________ | Papyrus | 7 | |
| 7287961293 | Egypt was an unified or | centralized state | 8 | |
| 7287962304 | Egypt's cities were ruled by: ___________ | Pharaoh | 9 | |
| 7287964028 | Monumental architecture contained | symbolism | 10 | |
| 7287965368 | The Bantu lived in the ________ | Sub-Sahara Africa | 11 | |
| 7287967999 | The Bantu spread from Sub-Sahara down for about _____ | 1000 years | 12 | |
| 7287970181 | The Bantu spread their __________ (tools) ideas and their knowledge of __________ (farm). They also spread language. | metalworking, agriculture. | 13 | |
| 7287973022 | South Asia contained | The Indus river valley civilization | 14 | |
| 7287976025 | The Indus river valley civilization is also known as _____ | Harappa | 15 | |
| 7287977268 | No one knows how to ________ about the Indus River valley civilization | Read their writings | 16 | |
| 7287979187 | The Harappa had ______ and water for everyone | sewage systems | 17 | |
| 7287981868 | The Indus river valley civilization was a _________ society | Egalitarian | 18 | |
| 7287983766 | Were the Harappa male or women ruled? | Male | 19 | |
| 7287985678 | The __________ ________ was a ruling family and the first dynasty in China | Shang Dynasty | 20 | |
| 7287988029 | In China they performed _____ _______. They communicated with ancestors by using oracle bones. | Ancestor worship | 21 | |
| 7287991244 | The Chinese/East Asians developed uniquely from other civilizations because they didn't ______ with other civilizations | Trade | 22 | |
| 7287993204 | The second dynasty to come to power was _____ | Zhou | 23 | |
| 7287995687 | Current dynasty is doing great then they get lazy/corrupt and then another family starts a rebellion and takes over | Dynastic Cycle | 24 | |
| 7287997168 | The Zhou family started the ______ | Dynastic cycle when they took over from the Shang | 25 | |
| 7289175041 | Mandate of heaven | families claim God told them they should rule. | 26 | |
| 7289180747 | Before the Zhou Dynasty ended there was a ______ _____ | civil war | 27 |
AP World History - Themes Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 7192278266 | Themes in World History | •Interaction between humans and the environment. •Developement and interaction of cultures. •State-building, expansion, and conflict. •Creation, expansion, and interaction of economic systems. •Development and transformation of social structures | 0 | |
| 7192278267 | Interaction between humans and the environment: | Demography and disease Migration Patterns of Settlement Creation of technology | 1 | |
| 7192278268 | Developement and interaction of cultures: | Religions Belief systems, Philosophies, and ideologies Science and technology Arts and architecture | 2 | |
| 7192278269 | State building, expansion, and conflict: | Political structures and forms of governance Empires Nations and nationalism Revolts and revolution Regional, transregional, and global structures and organization | 3 | |
| 7192278270 | Creation, expansion, and interaction of economic systems: | Agricultural and pastoral production Trade and Commerce Labor Systems Industrialization Capitalism & socialism | 4 | |
| 7192280909 | Development and Transformation of Social Structures | Gender roles and relations Family and kinship Racial and ethnic constructions Social and economic classes | 5 |
AP WORLD Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 5151871138 | Agrarian -economic | relating to land, land tenure, or the division of landed property |  | 0 |
| 5151902132 | Barbarian -political | a person in a savage, primitive state; uncivilized person |  | 1 |
| 5151909799 | boddhisatva -cultural | a person who has attained prajna, or Enlightenment, but who postpones Nirvana in order to help others to attain Enlightenment |  | 2 |
| 5151916070 | bureaucracy -Political | the body of officials and administrators, especially of a government or government department. |  | 3 |
| 5151918399 | castration -cultural | deprive of power, vitality, or vigor. | 4 | |
| 5151923800 | civilization -social | an advanced state of human society, in which a high level of culture, science, industry, and government has been reached. |  | 5 |
| 5151936839 | classical -cultural | conforming to ancient Greek and Roman models in literature or art, or to later systems modeled upon them. |  | 6 |
| 5151943168 | conscription -political | compulsory enrollment of persons for military or naval service; draft. |  | 7 |
| 5151953951 | consuls -political | an official appointed by the government of one country to look after its commercial interests and the welfare of its citizens in another country. |  | 8 |
| 5151961482 | dictator -political | a person exercising absolute power, especially a ruler who has absolute, unrestricted control in a government without hereditary succession. |  | 9 |
| 5151969892 | economy -economic | thrifty management; frugality in the expenditure or consumption of money, materials, etc. |  | 10 |
| 5151980629 | egalitarian -political, economic, social | asserting, resulting from, or characterized by belief in the equality of all people, especially in political, economic, or social life. |  | 11 |
| 5151982242 | emperor -political | the male sovereign or supreme ruler of an empire |  | 12 |
| 5151996114 | empire -social | a group of nations or peoples ruled over by an emperor, empress, or other powerful sovereign or government |  | 13 |
| 5152002322 | epidemics -interaction | affecting many persons at the same time, and spreading from person to person in a locality where the disease is not permanently prevalent. |  | 14 |
| 5152008243 | eunuchs -political | a castrated man, especially one formerly employed by rulers in the Middle East and Asia as a harem guard or palace official. |  | 15 |
| 5152011900 | feudalism -poltical | the feudal system, or its principles and practices. |  | 16 |
| 5152015078 | hegemony -political | leadership or predominant influence exercised by one nation over others, as in a confederation. |  | 17 |
| 5152023746 | hierarchy -political | any system of persons or things ranked one above another. |  | 18 |
| 5152016526 | hierarchial -polticial | belonging to, or characteristic of a hierarchy. |  | 19 |
| 5152026837 | missionaries -cultural | a person sent by a church into an area to carry on evangelism or other activities, as educational or hospital work. |  | 20 |
| 5162826240 | monarchy -political | a state or nation in which the supreme power is actually or nominally lodged in a monarch. |  | 21 |
| 5162831073 | monsoons -interactions | the seasonal wind of the Indian Ocean and southern Asia, blowing from the southwest in summer and from the northeast in winter. |  | 22 |
| 5162834649 | monotheism -cultural | the doctrine or belief that there is only one God. |  | 23 |
| 5162840197 | patricians -political | a person of noble or high rank; aristocrat. |  | 24 |
| 5162843386 | patronage -political | the control of or power to make appointments to government jobs or the power to grant other political favors. |  | 25 |
| 5162847338 | philosophy -cultural | the rational investigation of the truths and principles of being, knowledge, or conduct. |  | 26 |
| 5162850012 | plebians -social | belonging or pertaining to the common people. |  | 27 |
| 5162853302 | polytheism -cultural | the doctrine of or belief in more than one god or in many gods. |  | 28 |
| 5162856180 | qanat -economic | a gently sloping underground tunnel for irrigation purposes, esp. in ancient Persia; also called kanat |  | 29 |
| 5162861276 | satrapies -political | the province or jurisdiction of a satrap. |  | 30 |
| 5162866382 | standardized coins -economic | a coin having value in bullion at least equal to its face value | 31 | |
| 5162867942 | surplus -economic | agricultural produce or a quantity of food grown by a nation or area in excess of its needs, especially such a quantity of food purchased and stored by a governmental program of guaranteeing farmers a specific price for certain crops. |  | 32 |
| 5162870522 | sustenance -economic | means of sustaining life; nourishment. |  | 33 |
| 5162872960 | theocracy -political | a form of government in which God or a deity is recognized as the supreme civil ruler, the God's or deity's laws being interpreted by the ecclesiastical authorities. |  | 34 |
| 5162882455 | tribute -cultural | a gift, testimonial, compliment, or the like, given as due or in acknowledgment of gratitude or esteem. |  | 35 |
| 5162884893 | urbanization -social | the act or fact of urbanizing, or taking on the characteristics of a city |  | 36 |
| 5162887928 | vassals -political | a person granted the use of land, in return for rendering homage, fealty, and usually military service or its equivalent to a lord or other superior |  | 37 |
| 5162917331 | Alexander The Great (166) -political | king of Macedonia 336-323: conqueror of Greek city-states and of the Persian empire from Asia Minor and Egypt to India |  | 38 |
| 5162921222 | Analects of Confucius (183) -political | Chinese Lun Yü. a compilation of the discourses, maxims, and aphorisms of Confucius |  | 39 |
| 5162923198 | bactria (209) -political | an ancient country in W Asia, between the Oxus River and the Hindu Kush Mountains. | 40 | |
| 5162926978 | bronze age (1112) -political | a period in the history of humankind, following the Stone Age and preceding the Iron Age, during which bronze weapons and implements were used. |  | 41 |
| 5162930378 | byzantium (140) -political | an ancient Greek city on the Bosporus and the Sea of Marmara |  | 42 |
| 5162934468 | ceylon (222) -political | former name of Sri Lanka | 43 | |
| 5162940318 | chang'an (194) -political | former name of Xian |  | 44 |
| 5162945359 | cleopatra (268) -poltical | queen of egypt |  | 45 |
| 5162954498 | Crete (232) -political | a Greek island in the Mediterranean, SE of mainland Greece |  | 46 |
| 5162965474 | Cyrus, Darius (159,162) -political | king of Persia 558?-529: founder of the Persian empire. king of Persia 521-486. | 47 | |
| 5187182146 | democracy (236) -political | government by the people |  | 48 |
| 5187189033 | diocletian (306) -political | Illyrian soldier: emperor of Rome 284-305. |  | 49 |
| 5187194736 | eight fold path (220) -cultural | the eight pursuits of one seeking enlightenment, comprising right understanding, motives, speech, action, means of livelihood, effort, intellectual activity, and contemplation. |  | 50 |
| 5187201413 | four noble truths (219) -cultural | the doctrines of Buddha: all life is suffering, the cause of suffering is ignorant desire, this desire can be destroyed, the means to this is the Eightfold Path. |  | 51 |
| 5187214986 | gothic migrations -interactions | The Migration period, also called the Barbarian Invasions or German: Völkerwanderung (wandering of the peoples), was a period of human migration that occurred roughly between the years 300 to 700 CE in Europe, marking the transition from Late Antiquity to the Early Middle Ages |  | 52 |
| 5187222550 | great wall (725) -political | a fortification 1,500 miles long built across northern China in the 3rd century BC |  | 53 |
| 5187224790 | han dynasty (193) -political | imperial dynasty that ruled China (most of the time from 206 BC to AD 220) and expanded its boundaries and developed its bureaucracy |  | 54 |
| 5187233209 | hellenism (242) -political | the characteristics of Greek culture, especially after the time of Alexander the Great; civilization of the Hellenistic period. |  | 55 |
| 5187244149 | the huns (213) -political | a member of a nomadic and warlike Asian people who devastated or controlled large parts of eastern and central Europe and who exercised their greatest power under Attila in the 5th century a.d. |  | 56 |
| 5187252348 | indian ocean trade (215) -economic | connected to Europe, Africa, and China.; worlds richest maritime trading network and an area of rapid Muslim expansion. |  | 57 |
| 5187262071 | iron age (118) -political | the period in the history of humankind, following the Stone Age and the Bronze Age, marked by the use of implements and weapons made of iron. |  | 58 |
| 5187335450 | jewish diaspora -interaction | A "scattering" of the Jewish people | 59 | |
| 5187338715 | khotan -political | an oasis in W China, in SW Xinjiang. |  | 60 |
| 5187347958 | kuqa -political | Ancient oasis town in western china |  | 61 |
| 5187347959 | legalism(188) -political | the principles and practices of a school of political theorists advocating strict legal control over all activities, a system of rewards and punishments uniform for all classes, and an absolute monarchy. |  | 62 |
| 5187354346 | marc antony -political | Roman general: friend of Caesar; member of the second triumvirate and rival of Octavian. |  | 63 |
| 5187360495 | noble eightfold path (220) -cultural | an early summary of the path of Buddhist practices leading to liberation from samsara, the painful cycle of rebirth. |  | 64 |
| 5187390073 | olympic games (1076) -cultural | Also called Olympian Games. the greatest of the games or festivals of ancient Greece, held every four years in the plain of Olympia in Elis, in honor of Zeus. |  | 65 |
| 5187392790 | pax romana (271) -social | the terms of peace imposed by ancient Rome on its dominions. |  | 66 |
| 5187408514 | pericles(237,240) -political | c495-429 b.c, Athenian statesman. |  | 67 |
| 5187412514 | persepolis(162,163,166) -political | an ancient capital of Persia |  | 68 |
| 5187418719 | ptolemy (242) -political | Hellenistic mathematician, astronomer, and geographer in Alexandria. |  | 69 |
| 5187423637 | punic wars(264) -political | The Punic Wars were a series of three wars fought between Rome and Carthage from 264 BC to 146 BC |  | 70 |
| 5187430362 | roman republic (260,262-264) -political | period from the overthrow of the last Roman king, Lucius Tarquinius, in 509 BC by the Roman nobility until the establishment of a permanent imperial dictatorship under Augustus | 71 | |
| 5187431997 | roman senate -political | a political institution in ancient Rome |  | 72 |
| 5187437199 | samarkand (476) -political | a city in SE Uzbekistan: taken by Alexander the Great 329 b.c. |  | 73 |
| 5187447634 | shang civilization (111-114) -political | ruled in the Yellow River valley in the second millennium BC, succeeding the Xia dynasty and followed by the Zhou dynasty. |  | 74 |
| 5187451972 | shi huang Di (qin china) (190-193) -political | 259-210 b.c, Chinese emperor c247-210 b.c. initiated the building of the Great Wall of China. |  | 75 |
| 5187472158 | Siddhartha Gautama -political | Indian religious leader: founder of Buddhism. |  | 76 |
| 5187478851 | Silk road trade (198,287-288) -economic | an ancient network of trade routes that for centuries were central to cultural interaction through regions of the Asian continent connecting the East and West from China to the Mediterranean Sea. |  | 77 |
| 5187480940 | stoics (254,276-277,278-279) -cultural | of or relating to the school of philosophy founded by Zeno, who taught that people should be free from passion, unmoved by joy or grief, and submit without complaint to unavoidable necessity. | 78 | |
| 5187486906 | The Torah(47,48) -cultural | the law of God as revealed to Moses and recorded in the first five books of the Hebrew scriptures |  | 79 |
| 5187490112 | the vedas of hinduism(94,99-101) -cultural | large body of texts originating in the ancient Indian subcontinent |  | 80 |
| 5187493737 | xiongnu (194,196,197,199,201,287) -political | a confederation of nomadic peoples who, according to ancient Chinese sources, inhabited the eastern Asian Steppe from the 3rd century BC to the late 1st century AD. |  | 81 |
AP World History Vocabulary Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 7086513158 | Paleolithic Period | A period of time that began 2.5 million years ago and ended about 10,000 years ago. Also referred to as the Stone Age. |  | 0 |
| 7086513159 | Neolithic Revolution | A set of dramatic changes in how people lived based on the development of agriculture. |  | 1 |
| 7086513649 | monotheism | Religious group that worships one deity. | | 2 |
| 7086513650 | Bronze Age | The creation or Bronze sparked the age, which began at different times and different places between 3300 and 2300 B.C.E. | | 3 |
| 7086514611 | Specialization of labor | People to focus on limited tasks |  | 4 |
| 7086514612 | hunter-forager | People who survive by hunting animals and foraging for seeds, nuts, and edible roots. |  | 5 |
| 7086516392 | Nomadic pastoralism | The moving of animals herd from pasture to pasture. |  | 6 |
| 7086516393 | patriarchal | Dominated by men. |  | 7 |
| 7086518052 | artisans | People who made objects that others needed |  | 8 |
| 7086518626 | merchants | People who buy and sell goods for a living. |  | 9 |
| 7086518627 | Social stratification | People accumulated wealth |  | 10 |
| 7086518864 | Kinship group | Several related families that migrated together in search of food. |  | 11 |
| 7086520473 | clan | A group of multiple Kinship groups. |  | 12 |
| 7086520474 | tribe | Combination of multiple clans, used for group hunting or mutual defense from enemies. |  | 13 |
| 7086521045 | artifacts | Objects made by people in the past. |  | 14 |
| 7086520770 | Homo sapiens sapiens | Modern day humans. |  | 15 |
| 7086523665 | textiles | items made of cloth. |  | 16 |
| 7086525306 | Jericho | One of the World's first cities, created on the banks of the Jordan |  | 17 |
| 7086525307 | Catal Huyuk | Ancient city in present day turkey |  | 18 |
| 7086523666 | Overfarming | land's lose of fertility caused by to much farming. |  | 19 |
| 7086545786 | Overgrazing | continual eating of grasses or their roots, without allowing them to regrow. |  | 20 |
| 7086969902 | desertification | The creation of desert like conditions. |  | 21 |
| 7086970667 | environmental degradation | a deterioration of the enviroemnt |  | 22 |
| 7086969903 | deforestation | the clearing of forests |  | 23 |
| 7086969904 | loess | type of fertile soil that is yellow in color |  | 24 |
| 7086973027 | division of labor | the assignment of different parts of a manufacturing process |  | 25 |
| 7086975835 | barter | a system by which one thing is exchanged for another. |  | 26 |
| 7086973028 | polytheistic | Worshiping many gods |  | 27 |
| 7086973029 | ziggurats | large stepped pyramids |  | 28 |
| 7086976558 | theocrats | rulers holding both religious and political power |  | 29 |
| 7086977222 | Golden Age | a period in society of relative peace, prosperity, and innovation. |  | 30 |
| 7086976559 | ancestor veneration | belief that the spirits of their ancestors could speak to the gods for them |  | 31 |
| 7086976560 | cuneiform | marks carved on wet clay tablets |  | 32 |
| 7086982526 | Indo-European | relating to the family of languages spoken over the greater part of Europe and Asia as far as northern India |  | 33 |
| 7086978701 | papyrus | type of plants that grew along the Nile River, used to make paper |  | 34 |
| 7086978702 | alphabetic script | a system of symbols that represent the sounds of speech |  | 35 |
| 7086979219 | Sanskrit | The Aryan's sacred language |  | 36 |
| 7086979673 | feudalism | the dominant social system |  | 37 |
| 7086980167 | Mandate of Heaven | idea that a just ruler's power was bestowed by the gods. |  | 38 |
| 7086981938 | Empire | a large territory that included diverse cultural groups |  | 39 |
| 7086980492 | city-states | city with land, with its own individual government |  | 40 |
| 7093456206 | Royal Road | road that spanned around 1,500 miles across the Persian empire. |  | 41 |
| 7093456207 | syncretic | combining ideas from different sources |  | 42 |
| 7093456208 | aristocracy | form of government; noble rule |  | 43 |
| 7093456511 | direct democracy | form of government; all citizens could vote directly on laws |  | 44 |
| 7093456512 | hoplites | infantry members |  | 45 |
| 7093456901 | aristocrats | member of aristocracy |  | 46 |
| 7093457472 | Socratic Method | asking questions to systematically clarify another person's ideas and to identify the core of them. |  | 47 |
| 7093457473 | Zoroastrianism | a faith based on the belief in one god, created by the Persian prophet Zarathustra |  | 48 |
| 7093457474 | oligarchy | form of government; a few wealthy land owners and merchants ruler |  | 49 |
| 7093458913 | representative democracy | form of government; citizens elect leaders to represent them and give those leaders to make laws and govern. |  | 50 |
| 7093458914 | archons | The nine chief magistrates of Athens |  | 51 |
| 7093459708 | merchants | a person involved in wholesale trade | | 52 |
| 7093461179 | Golden Mean | Aristotle's emphasis on moderation |  | 53 |
| 7093461180 | qanat | undergrounds canals | | 54 |
| 7093461181 | tyrants | leaders who seized power with the people's power |  | 55 |
| 7093463223 | Persian Wars | conquered Greek colonies rebelled in campaigns |  | 56 |
| 7093463224 | helots | slaves |  | 57 |
| 7093465590 | caravanserai | combination of inns and markets along the Royal Road |  | 58 |
| 7093467057 | empiricism | trusting what one learned from observation and evidence of the senses, rather than emphasizing intuition or religious beliefs |  | 59 |
| 7093467058 | monarchies | form of government; a king rules |  | 60 |
| 7093467059 | democracy | form of government; all citizens participate in government |  | 61 |
| 7093467545 | Hellenistic Period | meaning the the period of the Greeks |  | 62 |
| 7093467546 | satraps | ruler of a province who was responsible to the emperor |  | 63 |
| 7093467552 | Common currency | when a country or multiple countries to peg their exchange rates in order to keep the value of the currency |  | 64 |
| 7093468703 | tribute | An act or gift, intended to show gratitude or respect | | 65 |
| 7093468704 | hieroglyphics | writing consisting of hieroglyphs, pictures/markings |  | 66 |
| 7093469437 | Caracol | an observatory in Chichen Itza |  | 67 |
| 7093469438 | Teotihuacan | city founded around 150 B.C.E., birth place of the gods. |  | 68 |
| 7093471047 | ayllus | small communities based on the idea of communal work |  | 69 |
| 7093471048 | Classic Period | height of the Mayan civilization, 250 and 900 C.E. | | 70 |
| 7093471049 | Chichen Itza | a city |  | 71 |
| 7093471050 | Olmec | Foundational civilization that influenced the mayans and aztecs. | | 72 |
| 7093473671 | Mesoamerica | early civilizations in the Americas |  | 73 |
| 7093473672 | Obsidian | hard glass-like rock |  | 74 |
| 7093473673 | Mayan | A civilization based on the Olmecs |  | 75 |
| 7093474039 | Huaca del Sol | Temple of the Sun, stepped pyramid. |  | 76 |
| 7093476456 | mother civilization | earlier civilizations that influenced later ones;Olmecs |  | 77 |
| 7093476457 | Slash-and-burn agriculture | the creation of fields by cutting down vegetation then burning it |  | 78 |
| 7093477173 | Maya | people of the Mayan culture |  | 79 |
| 7093477970 | Huaca del Luna | Temple of the Moon, terraced platform |  | 80 |
| 7093478743 | Moche | one of the most siginifiagant civilization in the Andes. |  | 81 |
AP LITERATURE TERMS Flashcards
Terms : Hide Images
| 8823217921 | Allusion | reference to someone or something that is known from history, literature, religion, politics, sports, science, or another branch of culture. An indirect reference to something. | 0 | |
| 8823234779 | Connotation | the associations and emotional overtones that have become attached to a word or phrase, in addition to its strict dictionary definition. | 1 | |
| 8823242260 | Foil | a character who acts as a contrast to another character. often a funny side kick to the dashing hero, or a villan contrasting the hero. | 2 | |
| 8823258654 | Hyperbole | a figure of speech that uses an incredible exaggeration or overstatement, for effect. | 3 | |
| 8823266984 | Foreshadowing | the use of hints and clues to suggest what will happen later in a plot. | 4 | |
| 8823272414 | Irony | a discrepancy between appearances and reality. | 5 | |
| 8823281364 | Juxtaposition | a poetic and rhetorical device in which normally unassociated ideas, words, or phrases are placed next to one another, creating an effect of surprise and wit. Also a form of contrast by which writers call attention to dissimilar ideas, images, or metaphors. | 6 | |
| 8823304395 | Simile | a figure of speech that makes an explicitly comparison between two unlike things, using words such as like, as, than, or resembles. | 7 | |
| 8823312922 | Symbol | a person, place, thing, or event that has a meaning in itself and that also stands for something more than itself. | 8 | |
| 8823320791 | Tone | the attitude a writer takes toward the subject of a work, the characters in it, or the audiences, revealed through diction, figurative language, and organization. | 9 |
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