AP Spanish Literature Exam Review Flashcards
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| 8774851449 | "De lo que acontecío a un mancebo que se casó con una mujer muy fuerte y muy brava." | It is a medieval text in Spain and it is a collection of stories. After a man and a woman get married, the man feels like he has all of the power and feels like the wife cannot serve him just like the animals cannot serve him. He treats the position of the woman as if she was one of the animals as well. She has a reputation of not listening to her husband either. The story is very chauvinistic and it shows the TRADITIONAL gender roles at the time. One of the major themes to take away from this story is that if you cannot show what you want or who you are at the beginning, then you will never be able to show that feeling later in the long run. The story is in a modern perspective. | 0 | |
| 8774851450 | "Hombres Necios que acusaís" | This work is a satire that takes place and written around the time period of New Spain. This was a very pro-feminist period in a very modern perspective. It says hows stupid men accuse women for things that they didn't do or that are not true. It is an argument sticking up for women and is against men, ALL men. Also gives some of the types of women and how men perceive them such as prostitutes versus angels of the house. Brings up the argument of which is worse... A women who sells herself for money or the man who gives his money for sex. Controversial situation and a very critical work. | 1 | |
| 8774851451 | "Peso Ancestral" | This work relates to the weight that women are carrying on their shoulders. This weight is known to the reader as an "emotional" weight and the stress of the men that they are carrying. The work contains images of being heavy to relate to the idea of the weight. For example, the tears of men are venomous and quite heavy to women. The work is feminist and the author is critiquing society. | 2 | |
| 8774851452 | "Mujer Negra" | This poem takes place during the time of the slave trade and during the end of the Cuban Revolution which is modern Cuba. This poem has many voices going on beginning with a woman who is working on a plantation. She has sex with a white land owner and her baby is taken away from her because she is not only a woman, but she is african american. This poem ties together the prejudice of non-white races and women. At the end she is freed which is a hope for the future. | 3 | |
| 8774851453 | "Dos Palabras" | This a short story about a poor family who doesn't deserve their own names. There is no escape for these people due to their lack of purpose, food, or financial needs. The mother tries to find a job and she starts by reading a dictionary. She begins to sell the words of the dictionary to people and later she is kidnapped by a colonel. The colonel is a candidate for the president and he needs her help to give a two word title for his speech. We find out, based on the title, that he later falls in love with her and vice versa. This story is an example of Magical Realism. This a feminist story about a woman who goes out to take the role of the head person in the family in order to survive. | 4 | |
| 8774851454 | "Visiones de los vencidos" | This story is about the Aztecs and their fear of the Spanish attack on their city in the mere future. They account several omens that make them believe that the Spanish are near. Some of these omens are the column of fire, lightning, eclipse, blazing sun, and the screams of women. This story relates to the different societies in contact. The clash between the Aztecs and the Spanish country. | 5 | |
| 8774851455 | "Segunda Carta de Relación" | The story is written by Cortes and he is writing about the king of Spain. He describes his plan for taking over the Aztec city of Tenochtítlan. He describes how he entered the city giving the king many gifts and he promised him he would find all the gold in the city. He also promised he would convert the Aztecs to christians "Peacefully." This wasn't true when he and his Spanish army attacked the city killing several Aztecs and torturing them violently. Cortes used a lot of Euphemism in order to water down the situation that happened in the city. This narrative is also an example and a representation of the clash between different societies in contact (Aztecs Versus Spain). | 6 | |
| 8774851456 | "Lazarillo de Tormes" | This story is a comedy and is known as being a picaresque piece of literature. It is a broad comedy that satirizes the different types of social roles in a society. It is about a young boy named Lazaro who lives with his mother. His mother is found with a black who steals and is a thief leading Lazaro to be taken a better, or they say, place to live. He is first given over to a blind man who is very mean and abusive. Lazaro doesn't have any food, so tricks the blind man into running into a pole leading him to get food and run away. Lazaro then runs into a cleric. He is very stingy and he has a box that contains bread just in case he runs out of food. The man has an over abundance of food, but being stingy, he saves food in a wooden box with a key. Lazaro gets a hold of the key and puts it in his mouth, so he won't get caught. Lazaro falls asleep with the key in his mouth causing his mouth to make a hissing sound. The cleric thinks it's a snake. At the end, he is caught. He is then with a squire who is from a rich family, but is very poor. He is in trouble because he hasn't payed the rent. Lazaro said the squire was going to get the money when really he was running away and never coming back. In the last chapter, Lazaro works as an important public figure. She is a good woman (doesn't matter since she is a woman and he is rich) The end makes the story a modern perspective. | 7 | |
| 8774851457 | "Nuestra America" | This essay is about the unification of Latin American and the idea of how one defines an "American." The essay states the prejudice that the United States has on other parts of America and how they state things and rights for all Americans, even though some people who are Americans don't receive those rights, such as Latin Americans. The United States poses lots of threats on other parts of America and because they have to much power, other countries cannot control them nor have any say in anything. Martí suggests a unification but isn't possible due to United States' imperialistic power. A theme in this essay relates to the prejudices other American races face and how one society under the American branch controls all the other parts. | 8 | |
| 8774851458 | "A Roosevelt" | This poem is about expansionism and the idea that Roosevelt has a lot of power. The author is a strong critic and he represents Roosevelt as a strong hold for money and power (Imperialism). Roosevelt controls many parts of the world and modernism is seen in his essay. Again, a theme in this essay relates to the prejudices other American races face and how one society (United States) under the American branch controls all the other parts. | 9 | |
| 8774851459 | "Prendimiento de Camborio de Antoñito" | This poem is about gypsies and how their culture is abused in the society that they are living in. A group of gypsies are imprisoned for taking lemons off of a tree in an area where nobody owns those trees. They are blamed for being thieves and sent to prison. The cops take the lemons they picked and make lemonade out of it. This poem shows the abuse of power in the United States and how one group can be ostracized due to their social status in a society. This a Romance poem, contemporary, and takes place during the first part of the twentieth century. | 10 | |
| 8774851460 | WHAT TYPE OF POEM IS THIS? Imperio tuve un tiempo, pasajero, sobre las ondas de la mar salada; del viento fui movida y respetada y senda abrí al Antártico hemisfero. Soy con larga vejez tosco madero; fui haya, y de mis hojas adornada, del mismo que alas hice en mi jornada, lenguas para cantar hice primero. Acompaño esta tumba tristemente, y aunque son de Colón estos despojos, su nombre callo, venerable y santo, de miedo que, de lástima, la gente tanta agua ha de verter con tiernos ojos, que al mar nos vuelva a entrambos con el llanto. | SONNET | 11 | |
| 8774851461 | Author of "Dos Palabras" | Allende | 12 | |
| 8774851462 | Author "Romance de la pérdida de Alhama" | Anonymous | 13 | |
| 8774851463 | Author of "Lazarillo de Tormes" | Anonymous | 14 | |
| 8774851464 | Author of "Volverán de las oscuras golondrinas" | Becquer | 15 | |
| 8774851465 | Author of "Borges y yo" | Borges | 16 | |
| 8774851466 | Author of "El Sur" | Borges | 17 | |
| 8774851467 | Author of "A Julia de Burgos" | Burgos | 18 | |
| 8774851468 | Author of "Don Quijote" | Cervantes | 19 | |
| 8774851469 | Author of "La Noche Boca Arriba" | Cortázar | 20 | |
| 8774851470 | Author of "Segunda Carta de Relación" | Cortés | 21 | |
| 8774851471 | Author of "Hombres necios que acusaís" | de la Cruz | 22 | |
| 8774851472 | Author of "A Roosevelt" | Darío | 23 | |
| 8774851473 | Author of "De lo que acontecío a un mancebo que se casó con una mujer muy fuerte y muy brava." | Don Juan Manuel | 24 | |
| 8774851474 | Author of "El hombre que se convirtió en perro" | Dragún | 25 | |
| 8774851475 | Author of "Chac Mool" | Fuentes | 26 | |
| 8774851476 | Author of "La casa de Bernarda Alba" | Lorca | 27 | |
| 8774851477 | Author of "Prendimiento de Antoñito el Camborio en el camino de Sevilla" | Lorca | 28 | |
| 8774851478 | Author of "El ahogado más hermoso del mundo" | Marquez | 29 | |
| 8774851479 | Author of "La siesta del martes" | Marquez | 30 | |
| 8774851480 | Author of "en tanto que de rosa y azucena" | Vega | 31 | |
| 8774851481 | Author of "Mientras por competir con tu cabello" | Góngora | 32 | |
| 8774851482 | Author of "Balada de los dos abuelos" | Guíllen | 33 | |
| 8774851483 | Author of "En una tempestad" | Heredia | 34 | |
| 8774851484 | Author of "Visión de los Vencidos" | Portilla | 35 | |
| 8774851485 | Author of "He andado muchos caminos" | Machado | 36 | |
| 8774851486 | Author of "Nuestra América" | Martí | 37 | |
| 8774851487 | Author of "Como la vida misma" | Montero | 38 | |
| 8774851488 | Author of "Mujer Negra" | Moréjon | 39 | |
| 8774851489 | Author of "Walking Around" | Neruda | 40 | |
| 8774851490 | Author of "Las Medias Rojas" | Bazán | 41 | |
| 8774851491 | Author of "Miré los muros de la patria mía" | Quevedo | 42 | |
| 8774851492 | Author of "El Hijo" | Quiroga | 43 | |
| 8774851493 | Author of "y no se lo trago la tierra" | Rivera | 44 | |
| 8774851494 | Author of "No oyes ladrar los perros" | Rulfo | 45 | |
| 8774851495 | Author of "Peso Ancestral" | Storni | 46 | |
| 8774851496 | Author of "El Burlador de Sevilla y Convidado de Piedra" | Molina | 47 | |
| 8774851497 | Author of "Mi Caballo Mago" | Ulibarri | 48 | |
| 8774851498 | Author of "San Manuel Bueno, mártir" | Unamuno | 49 | |
| 8774851499 | alegoría | allegory: is a rhetorical device in which characters or events in a literary, visual, or musical art form represent or symbolize ideas and concepts. | 50 | |
| 8774851500 | Alejandrino | a 14 syllable verse divided into two 7 syllable lines. | 51 | |
| 8774851501 | Aliteración | Alliteration pero pepe piensa un plan de preparar un dinero. | 52 | |
| 8774851502 | Alusión | Allusion: in literature, an implied or indirect reference to a person, event, or thing or to a part of another text. | 53 | |
| 8774851503 | Renacimiento (Renaissance) | -A rebirth or revival. -The humanistic revival of classical art, architecture, literature, and learning that originated in Italy in the 14th century and later spread throughout Europe. -The period of this revival, roughly the 14th through the 16th century, marking the transition from medieval to modern times. | 54 | |
| 8774851504 | Baroque (Barroco) | -Relating to, or characteristic of a style in art and architecture developed in Europe from the early 17th to mid-18th century, emphasizing dramatic, often strained effect and typified by bold, curving forms, elaborate ornamentation, and overall balance of disparate parts. --Fluidity and over the top -Extravagant, complex, or bizarre, especially in ornamentation. | 55 | |
| 8774851505 | Surrealism (Surrealismo) | A 20th-century literary and artistic movement that attempts to express the workings of the subconscious and is characterized by fantastic imagery and incongruous juxtaposition of subject matter. Many random images clashed together as striking and Bizarre to understand the mentality of the author, poet, or writer. | 56 | |
| 8774851506 | Modernism (Modernismo) | -Modern thought, character, or practice. -Sympathy with or conformity to modern ideas, practices, or standards. | 57 | |
| 8774851507 | Picaresque (Picáro) | -Of or involving clever rogues or adventurers. -Of or relating to a genre of usually satiric prose fiction originating in Spain and depicting in realistic, often humorous detail the adventures of a roguish hero of low social degree living by his or her wits in a corrupt society. (Lazarillo de Tormes). | 58 | |
| 8774851508 | Estrofa | stanza | 59 | |
| 8774851509 | Eufemismo (Euphemism) | watering down harsh situations with "kinder" words | 60 | |
| 8774851510 | Vistazo Retrospectivo | Flashback | 61 | |
| 8774851511 | Figura retorica | (figure of speech) | 62 | |
| 8774851512 | Exposición (exposition) | The portion of a story that introduces important background information to the audience. | 63 | |
| 8774851513 | Estribillo | A phrase or verse recurring at intervals in a song or poem, especially at the end of each stanza; chorus. | 64 | |
| 8774851514 | Epíteto | adding unnecessary adjectives for aesthetic purposes | 65 | |
| 8774851515 | Enumeración | A collection of items that is a complete, ordered listing of all of the items in that collection. | 66 | |
| 8774851516 | Épica | epic poetry. | 67 | |
| 8774851517 | Encabalgamiento | It is when the ideas in on verse continue over into the next verse of the. | 68 | |
| 8774851518 | Elipsis | Denotes a time or omission of one's thought and pondering. The omission from a sentence or other construction of one or more words that would complete or clarify the construction. | 69 | |
| 8774851519 | Eco | Created by repetition of words or parts of words. | 70 | |
| 8774851520 | Drama | Less violent than a tragedy and composition in prose or verse presenting in dialogue or pantomime a story involving conflict or contrast of character. | 71 | |
| 8774851521 | Cuarteto | Four line stanzas, 11 syllables each ABBA | 72 | |
| 8774851522 | Cuarteta | Four line stanzas, 8 syllables each ABAB | 73 | |
| 8774851523 | Cromatismo | The use of colors to express ideas and feelings. | 74 | |
| 8774851524 | Copla (couplet) | Two verses (usually joined by a rhyme) | 75 | |
| 8774851525 | Composición | An analysis of the structure, verses, and stanzas of a poem. | 76 | |
| 8774851526 | Comedia (comedy) | Is any sort of performance intended to cause laughter or the emotions associated with laughter. | 77 | |
| 8774851527 | Climax | culmination (highest peak of the story where all unfolds) | 78 | |
| 8774851528 | Carpe Diem | Seize the day, and the enjoyment of the pleasures of the moment without concern for the future. Live ever day like it is your last. Non-religious. | 79 | |
| 8774851529 | Asíndeton | The omission of connecting words such as -and -but -more | 80 | |
| 8774851530 | Arte menor | Verses that have 8 or fewer syllables | 81 | |
| 8774851531 | Arte Mayor | Verses of more than 8 syllables | 82 | |
| 8774851532 | Arquetipo | The original pattern or model of which all things of the same type are representations or copies. Perfect** | 83 | |
| 8774851533 | Argumento (resumen) | Plot or storyline. | 84 | |
| 8774851534 | Apostrofe (apostrophe) | The addressing of a usually absent person or a usually personified thing rhetorically. | 85 | |
| 8774851535 | Aparte | An aside where other characters do not hear or know it. | 86 | |
| 8774851536 | Antítesis | The juxtaposition of two opposing ideas, contrast, contradiction. | 87 | |
| 8774851537 | Antihéroe | Like the antagonist, but not have the qualities of an antagonist since he/she is not heroic enough. | 88 | |
| 8774851538 | Antagonista | Against the protagonist | 89 | |
| 8774851539 | Analogía | A comparison of two things based on their being alike in some way. | 90 | |
| 8774851540 | Anáfora | Repetition of a word or expression at the beginning of successive phrases, clauses, sentences, or verses especially for rhetorical or poetic effect. | 91 | |
| 8774851541 | Bildungs Roman | The horse escapes and that the kid cannot hold onto these fantasies. This is the idea of the coming of age. | 92 | |
| 8774851542 | "Mi Caballo Mago" | They are west of the United States. They are trying to capture the white horse. They think the horse is very magical and has many powers, Actually, the horse not have these powers or they don't know that it has these kinds of powers. The author realizes that he does not need to capture the horse. It is Bildungs Roman and relates to the coming of age and how one has the ability to be okay with letting go of fantasies. | 93 | |
| 8774851543 | Circunlocución | Use other words to go around that word to build suspense or intensity. | 94 | |
| 8774851544 | Desdoblamiento | Splitting or doubling identities. | 95 | |
| 8774851545 | "Don Quijote" | -realidad versus fantasía -Identity (Got there by all books he read). -Cervantes saying he translated it. Labryinth. | 96 | |
| 8774851546 | "Volverán las oscuras golondrinas" | Romantic movement and it is a poem that is about a couple that broke up and the woman went with another guy. The guy is saying that she will regret it and that the guy isn't as good as he was when they were together. The swallows in the title represent the time passed between the man and the woman in the relationship, carpe diem. The opportunity of love between them is going away and the golondrinas show that moving away happening. | 97 | |
| 8774851547 | "Las Medias Rojas" | A girl that is a prostitute for her dad and she goes out to buy red stockings with her father's money. Once she gets the tights, her father, Tío Cladio, beats her and her beauty is lost. She doesn't have anymore beauty anymore not making her able to move to the United States anymore. Her ticket to go to the US was her beauty. The literary movement is naturalism because it shows the life of poor people and of a poor woman. The color red represents sex and prostitution. | 98 | |
| 8774851548 | "El Hijo" | A kid goes hunting with his father in the forest. His father then lets him go off into the wilderness solo leading to the son's death at the end of the story. The father has a hallucination asking why his son was so late in return while in reality his son was dead in a barbed wire fence. The literary movement is naturalism and one could make the argument of the theme as time and reality versus fantasy. The pistol and the gun represent violence, teaching, maturity, and most importantly foreshadow danger. | 99 | |
| 8774851549 | "La Casa de Bernarda Alba" | A play in spain where the head of the house is a tyrant mother named Bernarda who takes care of her daughters who are nuns. The mother is very strict and controls every aspect in the household and in the lives of the daughters. The literary movement is naturalism and modernism. | 100 | |
| 8774851550 | "No Oyes Ladrar los perros" | Realism. This story is about a father who is taking his dying son to a town called Tonanya. This story represents the hope for Ignacio,son to become a better person, but ends up dying. Ignacio was not noble and he was ready to die due to his lack of honor. | 101 | |
| 8774851551 | "Como la vida misma" | It is a short story that puts the reader in the driver seat of a traffic jam taken place in a parking lot. The second person puts the reader into the stressful and tiring situation of traffic in an anonymous city. The narrator is talking to us making us, the readers, the protagonists. Car 1 (protagonist) wants the parking space, he got the space because he drives like a crazy person. Car 2 got out of the space because he was leaving and car 1 almost hit car 2. Car 1 gets mad saying all are bad drivers when he is really the bad driver since he almost hit car 2. Irony. Realistic. | 102 | |
| 8774851552 | "La siesta del Martes" | A mother and a daughter take a train ride into a city during the time of a siesta. It is very hot and the mother and daughter have little to no money. They went to go see Carlos who is the mother's son who was caught stealing money for the survival of his family. He was a good guy but did abad action in order to survive. Nobody socializes with them when they show up because 1) they are poor, and 2) nobody wants to mess around with a thief. The hotness represents the poorness of the mother and daughter. If they had the money, they could sit on the train where air conditioning was present. | 103 | |
| 8774851553 | "El hombre que se convirtió en perro" | This a short play that takes place during the reign of Perón so it's a modern work. There aren't any names only actors and it is a satire. The play is a meta-drama (meta-fiction) which is a play within a play. The main actor begins to feel bad because he doesn't have a job because there is an economic crisis and there isn't enough money to go around. He looks for a job and gets one as a watch man. He cannot be human and he accepts the job. His wife Maria is scared for him because he is like a dog and she is scared her son that she has is going to be a dog as well. He kisses the hand then bites it off (satire). This play satirizes the time of Perón and how the workers were treated and the roles they all played in society at the time. | 104 | |
| 8774851554 | "Y no se tragó la tierra." | This a story about illegal immigrants who come to America (United States) to try to find a job and they cannot get one successfully. The women cannot work for sure and the terrible heat conditions in the fields cause heat strokes and they do not have the money to get one to a hospital. They also don't have documents even if they did have the money for hospitals. The narrator is the fictional person of the author. This story is related to the social interactions of societies. | 105 | |
| 8774851555 | "Noche Buena" | A mother goes to the store to buy her children christmas presents. She has never done this before and she gets really scared when she walks in. Her anxiety takes over and she runs out of the store with they toys without purchasing them. She is found guilty for stealing. She is an illegal immigrant and she told her kids they will get toys on Dia de los reyes magos isntead. The kids know what was going on and accepted the fact that toys weren't everything about the holiday of christmas. | 106 | |
| 8774851556 | "En tanto que de rosa y azucena" | Carpe Diem. It is a poem about a man describing the beauty of his woman and how it won't last forever. She has a relationship between herself and nature. This a very Renaissance styled poem. | 107 | |
| 8774851557 | "Mientras por competir con tu cabello" | Carpe Diem. It is a poem Baroque styled poem describing how beauty doesn't last very long but this poem has lots of fluidity and is over the top. | 108 | |
| 8774851558 | "Mire los muros de la patria mía" | A man walks through his city describing the current state that it is in. He is in Spain and describing how it is decaying. He says how his house is stained and how he has a walking stick and how his sword (youth) is overcome with age. Carpe Diem (Memento Mori). This city is making him older as well. It is Baroque and a sonnet poem. | 109 | |
| 8774851559 | "En una tempestad" | This a work that is between Neoclassicism and Romanticism. Neoclassicism is returning the the original greek and roman classics and Romanticism deals with emotions. The language of the poem is CLASSIC and the romantic part of the poem focuses on the feeling and power of nature itself. The perspective is the man who is tortured by this powerful god. This person is talking to god in this massive hurricane and the poem is strongly religious (catholicism). The feeling is very overwhelming. | 110 | |
| 8774851560 | "He andado muchos caminos" | Describes two groups of people in the poem. Group one are a group of poor people who are the ones that do all the work and are known as the ideal people. Group two are the ones who are rich and don't have to work, but get money through inheritance. Very general society and at the end, doesn't matter if you are good or bad, all end up in the same place. Memento Mori. Live your life the way you want to but know all go to the same place at the end. Very pessimistic. | 111 | |
| 8774851561 | "Walking Around" | He is sick of being a man and being alive. He doesn't want to see anything anymore. Sexual and psychological things are going on in his mind. This is a very surreal poem. The elements he sees and describes have no significance. Pessimistic. | 112 | |
| 8774851562 | "Chac Mool" | The literary movement is fantasy and the story related to circular time. A guy on a train is reading a story about a man named Filiberto who is the house that the reader is visiting. Filiberto finds this statue of Chac Mool in the basement, who is the god of water. The statue is fake, polished and is alive. The statue comes to life and takes the place of Filiberto at the end. He is wearing his clothes. Filiberto ends up drowning (se algó) in the ocean. | 113 | |
| 8774851563 | "Balada de los dos Abuelos" | A man talks about both of his grandfathers. One is black and one is white. They are both similar and both guerreros. The black grandfather (facundo) is owned by the white grandfather (Federico). The tambores give the poem rhythm at the end. Theme is the idea of Mezcla or Mestizaje (mix of races). He is present in both of his grandfathers. | 114 | |
| 8774851564 | "A julia de Burgos" | Very personal poem. Two types of Julia, one is the public one and the other is the private one. She is a cold hearted doll full of social lies. They are both fighting each other, nobody is "winning" over the other. The voice of the poem is the private Julia. | 115 | |
| 8774851565 | "Borges y yo" | This short essay has no form. There is a public and private Borges as well. One wins, and there is not any fight. Borges points out that his writing belongs to the other Borges, by the end, we do not know who the real Borges is. Borges not able to separate his identities. | 116 | |
| 8774851566 | "El sur" | We don't know if Dahlmann died in the hospital or not. He is very similar to both his grandpas. At the beginning he represents his cleric grandpa as a librarian and later a guerrero when he fights the man in the fields with the knife. This story is a fantasy and has to do with reality versus dreaming. His family lived in the south, so there is repetition to spark further confusion. The cafe is pink like his house when he grew up there. | 117 | |
| 8774851567 | "La Noche Boca Arriba" | A man gets into a motorcycle accident. The persons cannot be divided, running from the aztecs which is the knife of the surgeon. | 118 | |
| 8774851568 | "El Ahogado mas hermosa del mundo" | Magical Realism Very weird The washed up body (presence) brings purpose to the people on the island. Put him back in ocean for respect. He never "rots" | 119 | |
| 8774851569 | "San Manuel Bueno Martir" | The novela tells the story of the local Catholic Priest (Don Manuel) in fictional Valverde de Lucerna, Spain as told through the eyes of Angela, one of the townspeople. Throughout the course of the story Manuel is adored by the people of the town. He is constantly in the service of the townspeople. He refrains from condemning anyone and goes out of his way to help those whom the people have marginalized. Instead of refusing to allow the holy burial of someone who committed suicide, don Manuel explains that he is sure that in the last moment, the person would have repented for their sin. Also, instead of excommunicating a woman who had an illegitimate child, as the Catholic Church would have done, don Manuel arranges a marriage between the woman and her ex-boyfriend, so that order will return to the town, and the child will have a father figure. The people of the town consider him their "Saint" because of all of the good deeds he does. Angela, after a brief stint away for education, returns to the town to live with her mother where she continues to be amazed at Manuel's devotion. Later, Lazarus, Angela's brother returns from the New World, disgusted with the mental and physical poverty he finds in the town. He too is amazed at Manuel's devotion but believes that "He is too intelligent to believe everything he teaches." It is clear that Lazarus does not have a sense of faith. Angela's and Lazarus's mother passes away. On her death bed she makes Lazarus promise to pray for her—he swears he will. Her dying wish is that Manuel can convert him. Lazarus begins following don Manuel "to the lake" where Manuel is known to walk and think. Time passes and Lazarus takes Communion—to the townspeople, he appears to be converted. In reality, Lazarus is only praying for his mother's sake because it was her wish, not because he has faith. Immediately following the Communion, Lazarus sits down with Angela and tells her that he has something he must tell her: Both Manuel and Lazarus have no faith in God, specifically no belief in an after-life. Angela is upset and incredulous but confronts Manuel about what Lazarus has said. In their conversation it becomes obvious that what Lazarus has said is accurate. Manuel believes that religion and the preaching of religion is the only way for the people to live contentedly—Lazarus through their talks had come to admire Manuel's determination to do what he thought was right despite his lack of belief in the veracity of what he taught. To that end, Lazarus felt it best to continue in the same way by returning to the fold. Although Angela questions the goodness of such a deed, Lazarus insists that don Manuel is a saint for the things he has done all his life for the town. Manuel grows increasingly weak. He is unable to bear the weight of teaching the resurrection when he does not believe it is real. He falls further and further into a depression, the towns people see this as a reflection of Christ in their local priest. When Manuel dies he chooses to do so in public in the center of the town, and the people see him as their "second Christ." Lazarus takes on Manuel's role until his own death. Angela moves out of town. She finishes her narration by explaining that Manuel is being considered for beatification and that he is being held up as the ideal and exemplar priest. | 120 | |
| 8774851570 | "romance de la perdida de alhama" | The narrator does not want to believe that their city has been destroyed. He mounts his horse and goes to the king catillo to explain what happened. Then sounds the trumpet to call all the people and explain the news. When the narrator says "Woe to my Alhama!" Shows the feelings of all the people. This phrase repeats for emphasis and tone of sadness in the village. The second voice is an old Moor, who wonders why the king has called on the people. The third voice is that of the king, who explains that Christians have won the city of Alhama. The fourth voice is the faqih, respecting the king. The king said to have killed a blackberry family, which represents a flower, and the heart of the Moors. | 121 |
