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The Endomembrane system

Subject: 
Biology
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Biology
organelles
Membrane biology
Cell Biology
Endomembrane system
Vesicle
Endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi apparatus
Lysosome
cell
Biological membrane
Eukaryote
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The Endomembrane system Organelle recap? Ribosomes Ribosomes: a complex of ribosomal RNA (rRNA, synthesised in the nucleolus) and proteins Ribosomes carry out protein synthesis in: The cystol/plasm (free ribosomes) On the outside of the rough endoplasmic reticulum Free ribosomes make proteins used within the cell e.g. enzymes Bound ribosomes make proteins which are often secreted e.g insulin made in pancreatic cells Endoplasmic reticulum Form Accounts for more than half of the total membrane in many eukaryotic cells The ER membrane is continuous with the nuclear envelope There are two distinct regions of ER: Smooth ER: lacks ribosomes Rough ER: ribosomes are bound to the outer membrane Functions: Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

The Hardy-Weinberg principle

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Biology
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Population genetics
Genetics
Biology
Philosophy of biology
Hardy–Weinberg principle
Genetic drift
Natural selection
evolution
Panmixia
Allele frequency
Social Issues
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The Hardy-Weinberg principle The Hardy-Weinberg principle: the frequency of alleles and genotypes in a population?s gene pool will remain constant from one generation to the next. Provided that only Mendelian segregation and recombination of alleles are at work Describes a population that is not evolving The Hardy-Weinberg principle describes a hypothetical population Changes to allelic frequency and genotype always occur in real populations The equation p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1 p2 and q2 represent the frequencies of the homozygous genotypes 2pq represents the frequency of the heterozygous genotype Conditions of the Hardy-Weinberg Principle Population size = extremely large No gene flow can occur (no immigration or emigration of individuals) No mutations No natural selection

chapter 49 campbell biology slideshare

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Biology
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anatomy
nervous system
Mind
Neuroanatomy
Motor system
neuroscience
Neurobiology
Brainstem
brain
Cerebrum
Central nervous system
Neuroglia
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1 Lectures Prepared by Dr Melchor L. Bareng, MSc., MSc., Biology Professor, Pre Medical Department, College of Medicine PowerPoint? Lecture Presentations for Biology Texila American University Chapter 3 Nervous Systems Learning Objectives: 1. Compare and contrast the nervous systems of: hydra, sea star, planarian, nematode, clam, squid, and vertebrate. 2. Distinguish between the following pairs of terms: central nervous system, peripheral nervous system; white matter, gray matter; bipolar disorder and major depression. 3. List the types of glia and their functions. 4. Compare the three divisions of the autonomic nervous system. 5. Describe the structures and functions of the following brain regions: medulla oblongata, pons, midbrain, cerebellum, thalamus,

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