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DESIGN Flashcards

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4738684760AnalyseBreak down in order to bring out the essential elements or structure. To identify parts and relationships, and to interpret information to reach conclusions.0
4738684761ConstructDisplay information in a diagrammatic or logical form.1
4738684762CreateTo evolve from one's own thought or imagination, as a work or an invention.2
4738684763DefineGive the precise meaning of a word, phrase, concept or physical quantity.3
4738684764DemonstrateProve or make clear by reasoning or evidence, illustrating with examples or practical application.4
4738684765DescribeGive a detailed account or picture of a situation, event, pattern or process.5
4738684766DesignProduce a plan, simulation or model.6
4738684767DevelopTo improve incrementally, elaborate or expand in detail. Evolve to a more advanced or effective state.7
4738684768EvaluateAssess the implications and limitations; make judgments about the ideas, works, solutions or methods in relation to selected criteria.8
4738684769ExplainGive a detailed account including reasons or causes.9
4738684770IdentifyProvide an answer from a number of possibilities. Recognize and state briefly a distinguishing fact or feature.10
4738684771JustifyGive valid reasons or evidence to support an answer or conclusion.11
4738684772ListGive a sequence of brief answers with no explanation.12
4738684773OutlineGive a brief account.13
4738684774PresentOffer for display, observation, examination or consideration.14
4738684775PrioritizeGive relative importance to, or put in an order of preference.15
4738684776StateGive a specific name, value or other brief answer without explanation or calculation.16
4738684777SummarizeAbstract a general theme or major point(s).17
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AP World History II Period 5 Review Flashcards

Industrialization and Global Integrataion

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3923144193What made fossil fuel exploitation possible? What types of fossil fuels were most commonly used between 1750 and 1900?The invention of new machines, like steam engines and the internal combustion engine, made fossil fuel exploitation possible. The most commonly used fossil fuels were coal and oil.0
3923144194The "____________________" revolution greatly increased the energy available to human societies."Fossil Fuels"1
3923144195What are two important changes that occurred as a result of the development of the factory system?1) Concentration of labor in a one location 2) Increased specialization of labor2
3923144196Where did the new methods of production spread from? Where did they spread to?The new methods of production spread from Northwestern Europe to other parts of Europe, as well as the Unites States, Russia, and Japan.3
3923144197When was the "second industrial revolution"? What methods of production did it involve?The Second Industrial Revolution, or Technological Revolution, was characterized by the build out of railroads, large scale iron and steel production, widespread use of machinery in manufacturing, greatly increased use of steam power, and by electrical communications4
3923144198What led to new patterns of global trade and further integration of the global economy between 1750 and 1900?The need for raw materials and new markets for the increasing amount and array of goods being produced in factories.5
3923144199What needs led to the growth of export economies that specialized in "single natural resources"? Examples of these recourses? What were the profits used for?The needs for raw materials for factories and food for the growing populations in urban centers led to this growth. Some of these resources included: cotton, rubber, palm oil, sugar, wheat, meat, guano, metals, and minerals. The profits gained from the sale of these raw materials was used to buy finished goods.6
3923144200What led to the decline of agriculturally based economies between 1750 and 1900? Example?The rapid development of industrial production led to this decline.7
3923144201The rapid development of industrial production encouraged industrialized states to seek out new _____________________ for their finished goods. Provide some examples."Consumer Markets" This was seen in the British and French attempts to "open up" the Chinese market during the nineteenth century.8
3923144202What led to the development of extensive mining centers between 1750 and 1900? Examples?The need for specialized metals for industrial production, as well as the global demand for gold, silver, and diamonds led to this development. Examples: • Copper mines in Mexico • Diamond mines in South Africa9
3923144203Who provided the ideological inspiration for economic changes between 1750 and 1900?Adam Smith and John Stuart Mill are credited for these changes.10
3923144204What four "financial instruments" came into extensive use between 1750 and 1900?1) Stock markets 2) Insurance 3) god standard 4) Limited liability corporations11
3923144205Which four major transportation and communication developments occurred between 1750 and 1900?1) Railroads 2) Steamships 3) Telegraphs 4) Canals12
3923144206What gains did the newly developed workers' organization hope to achieve?They hoped to establish better working conditions and higher wages, and limit their hours.13
3923144207Why did some workers promote alternative visions of society? Examples?There were attempting to oppose capitalist exploitation of workers by promoting an alternate vision of society. Examples: • Utopian socialism • Marxism • Anarchism14
3923144208Which imperial governments from this era resisted economic change while attempting to maintain pre-industrial forms of economic production?The governments of Qing China and the Ottoman empire resisted economic change.15
3923144209What are some examples of state-sponsored visions of industrialization?• Economic reforms of Meiji Japan • Development of factories and railroads in Tsarist Russia • China's Self-Strengthening Movement • Muhammad Ali's development of a cotton textile industry in Egypt16
3923144210What are some examples of reforms that some regions instituted in response to criticism of global capitalism?• State pensions and public health in Germany • Expansion of suffrage in Britain • Public education in many states17
3923144211What new classes developed between 1750 and 1900?The middle class and the industrial working class developed.18
3923144212What changes occurred in family life and gender roles between 1750 and 1900?Family dynamics, gender roles, and demographics changed in response to industrialization19
3923144213What changes occurred as a result of rapid urbanization between 1750 and 1900?Some areas became much more unsanitary and new forms of community developed.20
3923144214Which states with existing colonies strengthened their control over those colonies between 1750 and 1900?The British strengthened their control over their colonies in India and the Dutch strengthened their control over their colonies in Indonesia.21
3923144215Which seven states established new empires throughout Asia and the Pacific between 1750 and 1900?1) The British 2) The Dutch 3) The French 4) The Germans 5) The Russians 6) The Americans 7) The Japanese22
3923144216Which two states' influence declined between 1750 and 1900?1) The Spanish 2) The Portuguese23
3923144217Which states established settler colonies between 1750 and 1900? Where?The British established settler colonies in southern Africa, Australia and New Zealand, while the French established colonies in Algeria.24
3923144218What economic practice did many powerful states employ outside of their established empire between 1750 and 1900? Examples?The economic practice of economic imperialism was employed by many powerful states. Some examples include: the British and French expanding their influence in China through the opium Wars and Britain/U.S. investing heavily in Latin America.25
3923144219What influenced the emergence of Meiji Japan?The expansion of U.s> and European influence over Tokugawa Japan led to this emergence.26
3923144220Who emulated European transoceanic imperialism between 1750 and 1900? How?The Unites States and Russia emulated Europe by expanding their land borders and conquering neighboring territories.27
3923144221How was the Ottoman Empire affected by anti-imperial resistance? Examples?Anti-imperial resistance led to the contraction of the Ottoman Empire. Examples: • Establishment of independent states in the Balkans • Semi-independence in Egypt • French and Italian colonies in North Africa • British influence in Egypt28
3923144222What are four examples of states that developed at the edges of existing empires between 1750 and 1900?1) Cherokee nation 2) Siam 3) Hawai'i 4) Zulu Kingdom29
3923144223What new ideology helped to foster new communal identities between 1750 and 1900? Examples?The ideology of Nationalism helped to foster this. Some examples include: the German nation, Filipino nationalism, and Liberian nationalism.30
3923144224How was imperialism often justified?New racial ideologies, especially Social Darwinism, facilitated and justified imperialism.31
3923144225What are the defining characteristics "enlightenment thought" and role did it play in politics between 1750 and 1900?"Enlightenment though" was basically just the idea of questioning everything that is currently established in your life. It actually played a large role in politics as the rise of "enlightenment thinkers" often preceded revolution.32
3923144226List some examples of "thinkers" (intellectuals) from the enlightenment era. What did they encourage? What did they critique? What did their political ideas focus on?Thinkers: • Voltaire • Rousseau • Locke • Montesquieu They encouraged observation and inference in all spheres of life and critiqued the role that religion played in public life, placing a higher importance on reason than religion. Their political ideas focused on the individual, natural rights, and the social contract.33
3923144227What are three important examples of revolutionary documents from the enlightenment era?1) The American Declaration of Independence 2) The French Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen 3) Bolivar's Jamaica Letter34
3923144228What major social and political shifts did Enlightenment thinking inspire between 1750 and 1900?Enlightenment thinking led to the expansion of rights, the abolition of slavery, and the end of serfdom.35
3923144229Between 1750 and 1900, what four things were newly imagined national communities generally based on?1) Language 2) Religion 3) Social customs 4) Territory36
3923144230Which two centralized imperial governments witnessed rebellions/revolutions between 1750 and 1900?1) Wahhabi rebellion against the Ottomans 2) Challenge of the Marathas to the Mughal Sultans37
3923144231American colonial rebellions facilitated the emergence of independent states in what regions?These rebellions led to the emergence of independent states in the Unites States, Haiti, and mainland Latin America.38
3923144232What are the four major independence movements that occurred between 1750 and 1900?1) American Revolution 2) French Revolution 3) Haitian Revolution 4) Latin American independence movements39
3923144233What areas witnessed significant slave resistance between 1750 and 1900?There was significant slave resistance in Brazil, Cuba and the Guyanas.40
3923144234Name two anti-colonial movements that occurred in Asia between 1750 and 1900. What inspired these movements?1) Indian Revolt of 1857 2) Boxer Rebellion These movements were inspired by the increasing questions about political authority and the growing ideology of nationalism.41
3923144235Which three important rebellions based on religious beliefs/millenarianism occurred between 1750 and 1900?1) Taiping Rebellion 2) Ghost Dance 3) Xhosa Cattle-Killing Movement42
3923144236What are two examples of imperial reforms that were implemented in response to the increasing rebellions between 1750 and 1900?1) Tanzimat movement 2) Self-Strengthening Movement43
3923144237What new political ideologies were inspired by the rebellions of 1750-1900?Liberalism, socialism and communism were inspired by these rebellions.44
3923144238What are some examples of the challenges to gender hierarchies between 1750 and 1900?• Mary Wollstonecraft's "A vindication of the Rights of Women" • Olympe de Gouges' "Declaration of the Rights of Women and the Female Citizen" • Resolutions passed at the Seneca Falls Conference in 184845
3923144239What influenced migration between 1750 and 1900?Migration was generally influenced by changed in demography during this time period.46
3923144240What contributed to global rise in population between 1750 and 1900?Changes in the food production and improved medical conditions led to this rise in population.47
3923144241What influenced the significant global urbanization of the 19th century?The new modes of transportation invented during this century influenced the significant global urbanization.48
3923144242What sorts of individuals chose to relocate in search of work between 1750 and 1900?All sorts of individuals chose to, however there seemed to be mostly manual laborers and specialized professionals relocating.49
3923144243What types of labor did the global capitalist community continue to rely on between 1750 and 1900? List some examples.The continued to depend on coerced and semi coerced labor such as: slavery, Chinese and Indian indentured servitude, and convict labor.50
3923144244What are some examples of temporary and seasonal migrants who returned to their home societies rather than permanently relocating?• Japanese agricultural workers in the Pacific • Lebanese merchants in the Americas • Italians in Argentina51
3923144245Why did migrant workers of the 19th century tend to be male? How did this change women's roles in the home societies?Workers tended to be male because of the physical nature of the labor in demand. This gave women a chance to take on new and greater roles in their home society that were formerly occupied by men.52
3923144246What are some examples of ethnic enclaves created by migrants in different parts of the world?• Chinese in SE Asia, the Caribbean, and the Americas • Indians in East and South Africa, the Caribbean , and Southeast Asia53
3923144247What role did ethnic enclaves play in migrants' lives?These enclaves allowed migrant workers to transplant their culture to new places.54
3923144248What are some of the ways in which receiving societies reacted to immigrants?Most societies were pretty unwelcoming towards immigrants. This was seen in various degrees of ethnic and racial prejudices and the way many states attempted to regulate the increased of flow of people across their borders.55
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AP US History Semester 1 Flashcards

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5637478711Federalist PartyFirst American political party formed by George Washington and led by Alexander Hamilton. They were in support of the Constitution, as it gave the government more power. They believed in national banks, tariffs, an elite ruling class, and good relations with Britain. They had major influences and impacts on out national government and its debt.0
5637478712Anti-Federalist PartyA group of members that opposed the creation of a stronger US federal government and the Constitution. They were led by Patrick Henry and Thomas Jefferson. They believed in a weak central government and strong state governments. They supported small farmers and landowners. They helped in preventing the Federalists from creating a political system like that of the British.1
5637478715Whigs Partywere conservatives who supported government programs, reforms, and public schools. They called for internal improvements like canals, railroads, and telegraph lines.2
5637478720Marbury v Madison 1803William Marbury had not had his commission delivered by Adams. Even though this was illegal on Adams part, Congress could not force Marbury to bring the documents. The court was able to form a basis for exercise of judicial review. It defined the boundary between the constitutionally separate executive and judicial branches. (date)3
5637478721McCulloch v Maryland 1819Maryland attempted to impede operation of a branch of the second bank of the US by imposing a tax on all notes of banks not chartered in Maryland. It established that Congress could implement the Constitution's powers, and state action couldn't impede valid constitutional exercises of power by the government. (date)4
5637478725Plessy v Fergussoncase ruled that "separate but equal" public facilities were legal. reversed in Brown v Board of Ed. Racial segregation5
5637478728Louisiana Purchase 1803The acquisition by the USA of France's claim to the territory of Louisiana. They paid $15 million. It doubled the size of the US, removed France's presence in the region, and it protected US trade access and free passage. (date)6
5637478731Mexican Cession1848. Awarded as part of the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo after the Mexican American War. U.S. paid $15 million for 525,000 square miles.7
5637478732Gadsden Purchase 1853..A region of present day southern Arizona and southwestern New Mexico purchased by the US in a treaty. It proved the land necessary for a southern transcontinental railroad and attempted to resolve conflicts that lingered after the Mexican-American War. (date)8
5637478737Erie CanalA canal in New York running from Albany to Buffalo. It created a navigable water route from the Atlantic Ocean to the Great Lakes which gave the western states direct access tot he ocean without shipping goods downstream on Mississippi River.9
5637478741Boston Massacre 1770The killing of five colonists by British regulars. It was the culmination of the tensions in the American colonies. It made many colonists rally together to counter the evil British. Changed people's mind about the British. (date)10
5637478746Boston Tea Party 1773Political protest by the Sons of Liberty. They destroyed an entire shipment of tea sent by the East India company in defiance of the Tea Act by throwing the chests into the sea. It showed that the American colonies had grown tired of arbitrary taxation by the British. (date)11
5637478747Popular SovereigntyA belief that ultimate power resides in the people. The people are able to vote for if they want slavery or not.12
5637478748Second Great AwakeningA Protestant revival movement as a reaction against skepticism, deism, and rationalism. It enrolled new members in existing denominations and led to the formation of new denominations. It revived the emotional side of religion, weakened church authority, and played a role in social reform.13
5637478750French and Indian War 1754-1763Fought between the colonies of British America and New France, supported by military units from their parent countries. Hostilities intensified between the two as they both attempted to colonize land in the Ohio Valley. It marked the beginning of conflicts between Great Britain and the American colonists. (Dates)14
5637478751Revolutionary War 1775-1783War fought between the American colonies and England. American colonies won war and gained independence and British land in North America. (date)15
5637478754Nullification CrisisA sectional crisis with an ordinance declared by the power of the state that the Tariffs of 1828 and 1832 were unconstitutional and therefore void in South Carolina. It showed that the economic and political interests of the North and South were drifting, as they had opposing ideas.16
5637478756Mexican-American War 1846An armed conflict between the US and Mexico that started with the US annexation of Texas and was the result of a disagreement over where the Mexican-American border should be. the US received Mexican territory and it raised the question of slavery in the new territory. (date)17
5637478757Saratoga BattleA battle that took place in New York where the Continental Army defeated the British. It proved to be the turning point of the war. This battle ultimately had France to openly support the colonies with military forces in addition to the supplies and money already being sent.18
5637478759Bull Run BattleWas the first meager battle of the civil war with the confederates winning against the north.19
5637478765Monroe Doctrine 1823A US foreign policy regarding Latin American countries. It stated that further efforts by European nations to colonize land or interfere with states in North or South American would be viewed as acts of aggression. It directed a clear warning towards all foreign countries telling them to leave the US alone and to stop settling within the country's borders. (date)20
5637478773Slave TradeEuropean trade agreement with Africa dealing with slaves brought from Africa. Integral part of Triangle Trade between the Americas, Africa, and Europe.21
5637478777Amendment 13 1864This abolished slavery and involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime. It formally released all slaves and prevented slavery to keep occurring. (date)22
5637478778Amendment 14 1868This granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the US, which included former slaves. It defined citizenship within the US (date).23
5637478779Amendment 15 1870This stated that the rights of citizens to vote should not bed denied by the US in race or color. It allowed African American men to vote, though poll taxes and literacy tests still prevented them from doing so. (date)24
5637478788Proclamation Act 1763Issued by King George III following Great Britain's acquisition of French territory in North America. It forbade settlers from settling past a line drawn along the Appalachian Mountains. It organized Britain's empire and stabilized relations with Native Americans through trade, settlement, and land purchases. (date)25
5637478789Sugar Act 1764It reduced the tax to three pence (previously six pence). The tax was more enforced and it occurred on other goods like wine, coffee, and calico. It raised revenue for Britain through American colonists, not Europeans. (date)26
5637478790Stamp Act 1765An act of the Parliament of Great Britain that required the colonies have printed materials be produced on stamp paper. These were legal documents. It helped British troops who were stationed in North America, as the taxes went to their benefit. This angered the colonists. It was considered the last straw, leading to the Revolution. (date)27
5637478793Land Ordinance 1785The goal was to raise money through the sale of land in the territory west of the states. It was important because it established the precedent by which the US would expand westward across North America by the admission of new states. (date)28
5637478794Northwest Ordinance 1787It created the Northwest territory from lands beyond the Appalachian Mountains, between Canada and the Great Lakes. Rather than the expansion of existing states and their established sovereignty, it establish admission for new states. (date)29
5637478796Compromise of 1850This admitted California as a free state while it also created fugitive slave laws to capture escaped slaves. It created a way for slaves to not be able to go to the North and be free. The North had to help the South.30
5637478797Intolerable Acts 1774A series of laws passed by the British Parliament after the Boston Tea Party intending to punish the Massachusetts colonists for their defiance. It was a wake up call for the colonies. The Boston harbor closed. England took over all governmental activities. (date)31
5637478799Missouri Compromise 1820It involved primarily the regulation of slavery in the western territories. It prohibited slavery in the Louisiana Territory north of the southern Missouri border. It became precedent for settling subsequent North and South disagreements over slavery and duty issues. (date)32
5637478813Thomas Jefferson..., Virginian, architect, author, governor, and president. Lived at Monticello. Wrote the Declaration of Independence. Second governor of Virgina. Third president of the United States. Designed the buildings of the University of Virginia.33
5637478816John AdamsAmerica's first Vice-President and second President. Sponsor of the American Revolution in Massachusetts, and wrote the Massachusetts guarantee that freedom of press "ought not to be restrained."34
5637478823Thomas PaineAmerican Revolutionary leader and pamphleteer (born in England) who supported the American colonist's fight for independence and supported the French Revolution (1737-1809)35
5637478834Andrew JacksonSeventh president of the US. He opposed the national bank and did not support a strong federal government. He enforced the Indian Removal Act. He enforced the idea of a common man and sovereignty.36
5637478835John C CalhounVice President under Andrew Jackson; leading Southern politician; began his political career as a nationalist and an advocate of protective tariffs, later he becomes an advocate of free trade, states' rights, limited government, and nullification.37
5637478836Henry ClayAmerican lawyer, politician, and skilled orator who represented Kentucky. He is important because he was the founder and leader of the Whig Party and a leading advocate of programs for modernizing the economy, like tariffs to eliminate international competition, a national bank, and internal improvements to promote canals, ports, and railroads.38
5637478845John Quincy Adams..., Secretary of State, He served as sixth president under Monroe. In 1819, he drew up the Adams-Onis Treaty in which Spain gave the United States Florida in exchange for the United States dropping its claims to Texas. The Monroe Doctrine was mostly Adams' work.39
5637478849Preston BrooksA hot tempered Congressman of South Carolina took vengeance in his own hands. He beat Sumner with a cane until he was restrained by other Senators over issue of slavery.40
5637478864CottonThe most important cash crop in the South by 1850 that needed a large labor force.41
5638332412Indian Removal ActPart of the Indian Removal policy that was signed into law by Andrew Jackson in 1830; strongly supported in the South where states were eager to gain access to lands occupied by the Five Civilized Tribes.42
5638392977American SystemAn economic regime pioneered by Henry Clay which created a high tariff to support internal improvements such as road-building. This approach was intended to allow the United States to grow and prosper by themselves This would eventually help America industrialize and become an economic power.43
5638505810Adams Onis Treaty1819. Settled land dispute between Spain and United States as a result of tensions brought on by weakening Spanish power in the New World. U.S. gained Florida in exchange for $5 million and renounced any claims on Texas and settled boundary between two countries to the Pacific Ocean.44
5638515318Interchangeable parts1799-1800 - Eli Whitney developed a manufacturing system which uses standardized parts which are all identical and thus, interchangeable. Before this, each part of a given device had been designed only for that one device; if a single piece of the device broke, it was difficult or impossible to replace. With standardized parts, it was easy to get a replacement part from the manufacturer. Whitney first put used standardized parts to make muskets for the U.S. government.45
5638540484Samuel SlaterHe was a British mechanic that moved to America and in 1791 invented the first American machine for spinning cotton. He is known as "the Father of the Factory System" and he started the idea of child labor in America's factories. -increased labor problem -only benefitted employers, not workers -forbid unions46
5638581727Spoils SystemJackson's patronage system, which allowed men to buy their way into office. This resulted in a very corrupt governmental office.47
5638639929"Lowell Girls"/Factory Girls 1820-30'sYoung single women that were the primary source of labor in the factory system in Lowell, Massachusetts48
5638831853Colombian exchangethe exchange between the new world and the old world consisting of the old world bringing wheat, cows, horses, sheep, pigs, sugar, rice, coffee, smallpox, malaria and yellow fever. while the new world sent gold, silver, corn, potatoes, tobacco, and syphills 49
5638894244Encomienda SystemsSpanish government's policy to "commend", or give, Indians to certain colonists in return for the promise to Christianize them. Part of a broader Spanish effort to subdue Indian tribes in the West Indies and on the North American mainland.50
5639063252Tariff of 1828a protective tariff passed by the U.S. Congress that came to be known as the "Tariff of Abominations" to its Southern detractors because of the effects it had on the Antebellum Southern economy; it was the highest tariff in U.S. peacetime and its goal was to protect industry in the northern United States from competing European goods by increasing the prices of European products. Attempt to keep the American system running.51
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Pre AP World History Midterm Flashcards

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5952262475MesopotamiaEncompasses fertile crescent, means land between two rivers.0
5952287073SumeriansBuilt the Mesopotamian civilization, built Ziggurats.1
5952299090Main Rivers in MesopotamiaTigris and Euphrates2
5952303860Mostly farming and trade. Economy in Mesopotamia3
5952758033Into city-statesHow was Mesopotamia organized?4
5952766374Society and Political organization of MesopotamiaPriests and kings, upper class, merchants, peasan5
5952798906Hammurabi's law codesStrict Babylonian legal code, the first codified set of laws.6
5952844873CuneiformWorlds first form of writing7
5952849101Main literature of MesopotamiaEpic of Gilgamesh8
5952879813Achievements of MesopotamiaAstronomers, Base 60, Epic of Gilgamesh,9
5952912657HittitesDeveloped Iron weapons10
5952915444AssyriansFirst true empire, ruled through ruthlessness and cruelty.11
5952932276PersiansDeveloped a postal system, roads, currency. Had a decentralized form of government - ruled by satraps12
5952949748PhoeniciansThey developed a simplified alphabet and were sailors and traders. They were known as the carriers of civilization.13
5952969861MonsoonsIndia depended on this for irrigation. Could be a blessing or a curse.14
5952992486Indus CitiesHarappa and Mohenjo Daro. They had urban planning, a grid system, and indoor plumbing.15
5953018673VedasThe epic poems of India.16
5953025543Origins of IndiaThe Aryans traveled through the Khyber pass, bringing the caste system with them.17
5953036864Caste systemThe rigid class system where everyone stayed in their classes (varnas) for life. Reincarnation can free you only if you follow your Dharma (rules) to improve your Karma (soul).18
5953064752Gupta DynastyGolden age of India. There was lots of trade and farming, there was a strong central government. Culturally diffused ideas to Middle East.19
5953095316SanskritThe language of classical India20
5953103459ChandraguptaMauryan leader, governed an organized society.21
5953113796AshokaMost honored Mauryan leader, converted to Buddhism.22
5953121517Edict of the RockStone carvings with Buddhist phrases placed all over India by Ashoka23
5953142732MountainsThese isolated China from other civilizations. Lead to China being ethnocentric.24
5953156352BarbariansChina thought other societies were_____25
5953168304Land by Yellow and Yangtze RIiverProduced irrigation for food and soil for the Chinese.26
5953179439"Middle Kingdom"The name China gave to the land they lived in.27
5961104419ShangWarrior aristocracy, decapitated enimies28
5961216196EthnocentrismTo believe that one's own society or culture is superior to others29
5961296650Oracle BonesKings used these to communicate with gods.30
5961305510Government in Shang DynastyPrinces and nobles governed most of the land, noblewomen had importance.31
5961319155Social Class structure during Shang Dynasty.Royal family, nobles, artisans, merchats32
5961349434Shang AchievementsPictograms, Fortune Telling, Ancestor worship, Terrace Farming.33
5961404742Zhou DynastyHad a regional, feudal government34
5961406835Mandate of HeavenThe dynastic cycle in classical China. Chinese people believed that this was the right to rule from god.35
5961421283Shi HuangdiHe made a strong central government by conquering others. He modernized the army, built the Great wall, promoted unity, and abolished Confucianism and feudal lands.36
5961432361Qin DynastyA dictatorial, civilized Chinese dynasty led by Shi Huangdi. This dynasty had a bureaucracy, a uniform writing, and a standard language.37
5961474884Han DynastyCame after collapse of Qin Dynasty. Was known as the "Golden Age" of China. Had a bureaucracy, a postal system, taxes, roads, fortifications, and canals.38
5961483830WudiEmperor of Han Dynasty. He revived Confucianism , so family and education became important again. He used bureaucracy to rule China. He expanded China's borders39
5961512676Han AchievementsTechnology-paper, bridges, rubber Astronomy- ca lender Medicine-acupuncture science-eclipses, chemistry, zoology, biology40
5961572832Civil Service ExamsTests enforced in the Han empire that made it so that only the most intelligent people can work in the government.41
5961588620Collapse of HanEmperors could not control powerful warlords, canals and roads collapsed, invaders42
5961596847Silk RoadsMajor trading system in Classical China that allowed China to trade its silk with the world43
5961602155AnimismA religion in Africa that believes that believes that everything in the world has a spirit. Small tribes in Africa still believe this today. Ancestor Worship was a component.44
5961701194HinduismA polytheistic religion with priests and rituals believed by people in India. In this, people believe that everything is part of a soul.45
5961755482AhmisaHindu belief that people should try not to harm animals and eat meat.46
5961771825BrahminsHindu Priests47
5961780467KshatriyasHindu Warriors48
5961787312VasyasHindu merchants and farmers49
5961791038SudrasHindu merchants and peasants50
5961799521UntouchablesA group of people in classical India that had very low jobs51
5961807464Low Social Mobility - Very RigidReasons no other civilizations adopted the caste system.52
5961836951SatiHindu ritual that required women to jump into the funeral pyre if their husband died53
5961844909BuddhaA name given to Siddhartha Gautama. He saw suffering in the world and wanted to cure it. Because of this, he came up with the four noble truths.54
5961896673Four noble truthsAll life is suffering. Suffering comes from desire. To end suffering, end desire. To end desire, follow the way of the buddha.55
59619910698 fold pathControl your thoughts, resist evils, free your mind of evil, practice meditation, say nothing to hurt others, know the truth, work for the good of others, respect life.56
5962037364BuddhismPhilosophy created by Siddhartha Gautama that rejects the caste system and encourages people to follow the Buddha's eight fold path and four noble truths. Focused on the individual's nirvana.57
5962093150NirvanaGoals58
5962096714ConfuciusChinese philosopher who founded Confucianism. He wanted to restore harmony in society.59
5962118817ConfucianismPhilosophy founded by Confucius that encourages people to live in a structured, organized society. People who follow this believe in filial piety and the 5 relationships.60
5962200062Filial PietyRespect towards elders.61
5962213571Five RelationshipsRuler-Subject Husband-Wife Parent-Child Elder brother-Younger Brother Friend and Friend are equal Females are lower than male62
5962231506LegalismPhilosophy used in the Qin dynasty that believed everyone is evil. Harsh laws and strict punishment were inflicted under this philosophy. It had no compassion.63
5962264182JudaismWorld's first monotheistic religion. The people who followed this religion were not accepted by many communities.64
5962283898IsraelLocation of Judaism65
5962287753LaoziFounded Daoism66
5962296645DaoismPhilosophy that stressed balance with nature and yin yang. It is the opposite of Confucianism.67
5962311319Yin yangThe 2 elements of the Dao.68
5962321612DaoPeople who believed in Daoism had to follow the____69
5962324392DiasporaForced exodus of Jews70
596234165210 commandments and TorahBehavioral guidelines for the Jews to follow.71
5962352415It did not have hard rules to followAppealing aspect of Christianity72
5962395822Edict of MilanEnded religious persecutions by the Romans.73
5962400478ApostlesChristian word was spread by these people. Paul is the most famous.74
5962410973Nice roadsAllowed missionaries to travel around Rome spreading the Gospel.75
5962442316Many Mountains and SeasGeography of Greece76
5962446276Golden Age of PericlesA great age in Athens where democracy, philosophy, and theater thrived and many great architecture and art was77
5962499164ParthenonMost famous architecture using columns. It was a temple to worship Athena.78
5962509819Doric, Ionic, CorinthianGreek columns79
5962511542Government in athensMonarchy => Aristocracy => Oligarchy => Democracy80
5962613402Democracy in AthensLimited and Direct81
5962619265Greek ScienceFocused on medicine and real world applications82
5962625829Greek SculpturesValued strength and realism83
5962636480SocratesGreek philosopher that created the Socratic method. His students learned by asking questions and critically examining everything. He urged his students to question.84
5962665102PlatoValued human reason and wrote "The Republic"85
5962673431"The Republic"Ruling guide for democracy written by Plato.86
5962694990Peloponnesian WarsA war where Athens and Sparta fought each other.87
5962701985Hellenistic ageAge started by Alexander the Great in which he conquered an enormous area of land from Greece through the Middle East and all the way to India. He allowed for cultural diffusion to occur between all of his conquered lands..88
5962803695Etruscans, Greeks, LatinsOrigins of Rome89
5962936422Roman RepublicLasted 500 years. It used many elements of democracy from Greeks.90
5962978464Punic WarsThree wars between Rome and Carthage. Rome wins all three.91
5963003249HannibalHe led Carthage's army during the Second Punic War. He entered Rome through the North and brought elephants. Most of the Elephants died92
5963056980Third Punic WarRome crushed Carthage and poured salt on their crops.93
59630763935 concepts that kept Rome together.Rome treated conquered people with justice, gave everyone citizenship, they were unified, they had advanced technology, they had great trade and law.94
5963096434Via ApiaFirst national highway in Rome95
5963123075AqueductsA system that carried water from the mountain to the city in Rome.96
5963159621RoadsRome built the best____97
5963174473Roman LawPeople equal under law, innocent until proven guilty, decisions must be fair, law of the twelve tables.98
5963186941Law of the Twelve tablesLaws of Rome that were publicized by the Plebians99
5963212403PlebiansLower class in Rome100
5963215389PatriciansUpper class in Rome101
5963221064Julius CaesarRoman leader that created jobs, public works, reorganized the government. He challenged the senate, which ended up in him getting killed102
5963235474Pax Romana200 year peaceful period in Rome started by Augustus103
5963245542Augustus CaesarThe first emperor of Rome that bgan the Roman Empire period and Pax Romana with his 50+ year reign. He gave Rome the civil service tax system104
5963311371Arch and the DomeArchitectural styles invented by Rome105
5963326341LatinMain Language of Rome106
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AP World History Unit 5 (Key Terms) Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
4313533250GuanoBird droppings used as fertilizer; a major trade item of Peru in the late nineteenth century.0
4313533251Suez CanalCanal constructed by Egypt across the Isthmus of Suez in 1869.1
4313533252CommunismAn economic system in which the state controls the means of production.2
4313533253LiberalismAn Enlightenment philosophy that favored civil rights, the protection of private property, and representative government.3
4313533254QueuA long ponytail that Chinese men were forced to wear in order to distinguish them from Manchus4
4313533255Domestic SystemA manufacturing method in which the stages of the manufacturing process are carried out in private homes rather than a factory setting5
4313533256MaorisA member of a Polynesian group that settled in New Zealand about 800 C.E.6
4313533257Declaration Of The Rights Of Man And Of The CitizenA statement of political rights adopted by the French National Assembly during the French Revolution.7
4313533258Declaration Of IndependenceA document modeled after the political philosophies of John Locke. It altered the natural rights identified by John Locke to include "life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."8
4313533259Self-Strengthening MovementA late nineteenth-century movement in which the Chinese modernized their army and encouraged western investment in factories and railways9
4313533260Code Napoleon (Napoleonic Code)Collection of laws that standard¬ized French law under the rule of Napoleon Bonaparte.10
4313533261Spanish-American WarConflict between the United States and Spain that began the rise of the United States as a world power.11
4313533262JacobinsExtreme radicals during the French revolution12
4313533263RomanticismA literary and artistic movement in nineteenth-century Europe; emphasized emotion over reason.13
4313533264Declaration Of The Rights Of Women And Of The FemaleA statement of the rights of women written by Olympe de Gouges in response to the Declaration of the Rights of Man.14
4313533265Theory Of RelativityIdea which argued that time and space are relative to one another.15
4313533266Theory Of Natural SelectionIdea, first proposed by Charles Darwin, that species survive due to favorable characteristics16
4313533267BourgeoisieIn France, the class of merchants and artisans who were members of the Third Estate and initiators of the French Revolution; in Marx¬ist theory, a term referring to factory owners.17
4313533268Spanish Civil WarA conflict from 1936 to 1939 that resulted in the installation of fascist dictator Francisco Franco as ruler of Spain; Franco's forces were backed by Germany and Italy, whereas the Soviet Union supported the opposing republican forces. (1898)18
4313533269Economic ImperialismControl of a country's economy by the businesses of another nation.19
4313533270Revolutions Of 1848Democratic and nationalis¬tic revolutions, most of them unsuccessful, that swept through Europe.20
4313533271Spheres Of InfluenceDivisions of a country in which a particular foreign nation enjoys economic privileges.21
4313533272ProletarianIn Marxist theory, the class of workers in an industrial society22
4313533273ConservatismIn nineteenth-century Europe, a movement that supported monarchies, aristocracies, and state-established churches23
4313533274Factors Of ProductionLand, Labor, Capital, Entrepreneurship, which existed in Britain which allowed it to lead in the Industrial Revolution24
4313533275ZaibatsuLarge industrial organization created in Japan during the industrialization of the late nineteenth century25
4313533276ConscriptionMilitary draft26
4313533277Tanzimet ReformsNineteenth century reforms by Ottoman rulers designed to make government and military more efficient27
4313533278Monroe DoctrinePolicy issued by the United States in which it declared that the Western Hemisphere was off limits to colonization by other powers.28
4313533279Indian National CongressPolitical party that became the leader of the Indian nationalist movement.29
4313533280Congress Of ViennaRestored legitimate monarchs to the thrones of Europe and to create a balance of power.30
4313533281Boxer RebellionRevolt against foreign residents of China31
4313533282Sepoy RebellionRevolt of Indian soldiers against the British; caused by a military practice in violation of the Muslim and Hindu faiths.(1857)32
4313533283Natural RightsRights that belong to every person and that no government may take away.33
4313533284Revolution Of 1905Strikes by urban workers and peasants in Russia; prompted by shortages of food and by Russia's loss to Japan in 1905.34
4313533285EntrepreneurshipThe ability to combine the fac¬tors of land, labor, and capital to create factory production.35
4313533286Social DarwinismThe application of Darwin's philosophy of natural selection to human society36
4313533287Separation Of PowersThe division of powers among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government.37
4313533288EstatesThe divisions of society in pre-revolutionary France38
4313533289ImperialismThe establishment of colonial empires.39
4313533290Enclosure MovementThe fencing of pasture land in England beginning prior to the Industrial Revolution.40
4313533291Bill Of RightsThe first ten amendments to the constitution of the United States41
4313533292Qing DynastyThe Manchurian invaders who ruled China from 1644 to the early 1900s42
4313533293Berlin ConferenceThe meeting of European imperialist powers to divide Africa among them43
4313533294CapitalThe money and equipment needed to engage in industrialization44
4313533295FeminismThe movement to achieve women's rights.45
4313533296Great TrekSlaveholding Boers, who in 1834, left the Cape Colony and moved to the interior of Africa46
4313533297Young TurksSociety founded in 1889 in the Otto¬man Empire; its goal was to restore the constitu¬tion of 1876 and to reform the empire.47
4313533298BoersSouth Africans of Dutch descent.48
4313533299SepoysSouth Asian soldiers who served in the Brit¬ish army in India.49
4313533300Reign Of TerrorThe period of the most extreme violence during the French Revolution50
4313533301Manifest DestinyThe policy in the U.S. that led to its expansion from the Atlantic to the Pacific51
4313533302Meiji RestorationThe restoration of the Meiji emperor in Japan in 1868 that began a program of industrialization and centralization of Japan following the end of the Tokogawa Shogunate52
4313533303ExtraterritorialityThe right of foreigners to live under the laws of their home country rather than those of the host country.53
4313533304Industrial RevolutionThe transition between the domestic system of manufacturing and the mechanization of production in a factory setting54
4313533305Treaty Of NankingTreaty ending the' Opium War that ceded Hong Kong to the British. (1842)55
4313533306DumaThe Russian parliament56
4313533307RajThe Sanskrit name for the British government in India57
4313533308Gran ColumbiaThe temporary union of the northern portion of South America after the independence movements led by Simon Bolivar58
4313533309Estates-GeneralThe traditional legislative body of France59
4313533310PogromViolence against Jews in tsarist Russia.60
4313533311Opium WarWar between Great Britain and China began with the Qing dynasty's refusal to allow continued opium importation into China; British victory resulted in the Treaty of Nanking.(1839-1842)61
4313533312Sino-Japanese WarWar between Japan and China, in 1895, over control over Korea62
4313533313Russo-Japanese WarWar between Russia and Japan over Manchurian territory; resulted in the degeat of Russia by the Japanese Navy63
4313533314Boer WarWar between the Brit¬ish and the Dutch over Dutch independence in South Africa; resulted in British victory .(1899-1902)64
4313533315RadicalismWestern European political philosophy during the nineteenth century; advocated democracy and reforms favoring lower classes.65
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