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CHAPTER 6- American Pageant 16th Edition Flashcards

4870773031	Huguenots	DATE: 16th/17th Century -French Protestants -followed the teachings of John Calvin -due to religious persecution, were forced to flee France to other countries.	0
4870773032	St Bartholomew's Day	DATE: 1572 -ten thousand men, women, and children Huguenots were massacred.	1
4870773033	Edict of Nantes	DATE: 1598 -gave limited toleration to French Huguenots -Religious wars ceased & France blossomed -Louis XIV took interest in North America *this is where King James II fled after Glorious Revolution	2
4870773034	Samuel de Champlain	"Father of New France;" he was a leading figure in the establishment of Canadian Quebec. Joined Huron Indian Tribe and helped them battle against the Iroquois.	3
4870773035	Coureurs de bois	Translated as "runners of the woods," they were French fur-trappers, also known as "voyageurs" (travelers), who established trading posts throughout North America. -Gift givers-succesful traders -Runners of risk, drinkers, free spenders, free lovers -Beaver trade very profitable The fur trade wreaked havoc on the health and folkways of their Native American trading partners.	4
4870773036	Voyageurs	also fur trappers	5
4870773037	Jesuits	-Catholic martyrs'- who died for faith. French Catholic missionaries (the Jesuits) tried ferociously to save the Indians for Christ and from the fur-trappers. Their efforts scorned, suffered tortures at the hands of the Indians. They made few permanent converts, but they played a vital role as explores and geographers.	6
4870773038	Robert de la Salle	Frenchman who followed the Mississippi River all the way to the Gulf of Mexico, claiming the region for France and naming it Louisiana in honor of King Louis XIV-Named "Louisiana"	7
4870773039	Treaty of Utrecht	DATE: 1713—Port Royal returned to France New Englanders felt....Frustration!	8
4870773040	War of Jenkins's Ear	DATE: 1739 Britain vs. Spain Small-scale clash between Britain and Spain in the Caribbean and in the buffer colony, Georgia. British captain Robert Jenkins encountered Spanish revenue authorities and had one ear sliced off by sword. Jenkins aroused anger and sympathy. It merged with the much larger War of Austrian Succession aka. King George's War.	9
4870773041	King George's War (The War of the Austrian Succession)	DATE: 1744-1748 American phase of the War of the Austrian Succession, third and inconclusive struggle between France and Great Britain for mastery of the North American continent.British colonists against their French counterparts in the North. The peace settlement did not involve any territorial realignment, leading to conflict between New England settlers and the British government. Peace of Aix-la-Chapelle.	10
4870773042	Ohio River Valley	The Ohio Valley was a major source of tension between the French and British. The Ohio Country was where; eventually, British colonists pushing west would someday penetrate. France saw it as the "key" to the continent (or land) they had to retain and keep others from taking. It was especially important (To the French) as they wanted to link their holdings in Canada with the ones in lower Mississippi (Valley). France was grabbing land (in Ohio Country) and there was an intense fur-trade going on.	11
4870773043	French Indian War	DATE: 1754-1763 the Seven Years War - the first global war -British were concerned about French forts being built in the Ohio Valley. The war started when Washington in the Wilds of the Ohio Valley, it then widened into the biggest conflict the world as seen. -The Algonquins, who feared British expansion into the Ohio Valley, allied with the French. The Mohawks also fought for the French while the rest of the Iroquois Nation allied with the British. The colonies fought under British commanders. Britain eventually won, and gained control of all of the remaining French possessions in Canada. RESULTS: Was Ended by the Treaty of Paris of 1763.	12
4870773044	Treaty of Paris	DATE: 1763 French power off North America Results: France-lost her Canadian possessions - A desire for revenge on Britain Spain- Play both sides, but got all French lands west of the Mississippi River, New Orleans, but lost Florida to England- Britain- got all French lands in Canada, exclusive rights to Caribbean slave trade, commercial dominance in India	13
4870773045	Intercolonial Congress	DATE: 1754 in Albany, NY supported by: Benjamin Franklin intercolonial congress meant to foster greater colonial unity and assure Iroquois support in the escalating war against the French.	14
4870773046	Albany Plan of the Union	DATE: 1754 7 of the 13 colonies showed up purpose keep Iroquois loyal to British -achieve colonial unity -common defense against France -B.F., political cartoon "join, or Die" in Penn. Gazette -Leader of Albany Congress Results: Failed, premature colonial home rule-Devil was in the details ! Gifts to Iroquois broke off. -was the first important plan to put the colonies under a united government.	15
4870773047	results of the Seven Years war: BRITAIN	-Increases colonial Empire -Puts England into Debt!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! -Contempt for American Colonist - Colonies not fully "vested" -Traffic goods with Spanish and French -refused to provide troops or money ,needed to be bribed -Demanded rights and privileges but no duties or responsibilities	16
4870773048	results of the Seven Years war: COLONIES	The Colonist -military strength & confidence- new spirit of independence-Spanish threat reduced. 1. Unites them 2. Socializing experience -troops who come from different colonies "united force" 3. Bitter feelings for British. -British officers vs. raw colonial "boors" -General Wolfe colonial militia "contemptible, cowardly dogs" -Refused American militia above rank of captain-Humiliating "colonel" George Washington	17
4870773049	colonial style fighting	Indian-style gorilla tactics-irregular troops- colonials served under their own Captains "elected" leaders-loose discipline-resistance to taxes-casual/non professionals	18
4870773050	British style fighting	formation/Bayonet charge-wealth/privilege "appointed-British soldiers took over Colonials-drills/discipline (whipped/shot)-colonies should pay for own defense-tea-drinking Captains "primadonna" seen as arrogant	19

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Chapter 5 The American Pageant 16th edition Flashcards

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5001069470	Paxton Boys	They asked for soldiers, or protection but were ignored by the legislators. December 1763, they raided a small settlement of Conestoga Indians, and six Indians were killed, 14 more taken captive, then murdered later. Indians were given shelter in Philadelphia. This outraged, the Paxton Boys because they spent tax money on Indians and not protection, so January 1764, 600-1500 of them marched to capital to fight.	0
5001098564	Regulator Movement	In South Carolina, it was organized by back country settlers to restore law and establish a local government. In North Carolina, wanted to recall officers.	1
5001103212	Triangular trade	A multilateral system of trading in which a country pays for its imports from one country by its exports to another. Exp: shipping goods from Britain to West Africa in exchange for slaves, ship to west Indies, in exchange for sugar, rum, etc.	2
5001114980	Molasses Act	1733, British imposed a tax on molasses, sugar, and rum imported from non-British foreign colonies to the North American colonies. Aimed to monopolize the American sugar market.	3
5001122189	Arminianism	The doctrine of Jacobus Arminius, saying Christ died for all people, not only the elect origin 1610-1620	4
5001130787	Great awakening	The series of religious revivals among Protestants in the American colonies, especially in New England, lasting from about 1725-1770	5
5001138956	old lights	A member of a conservative group in colonial America (as in a Baptist, Congregationalist, or Presbyterian church) opposed to revivalism and emotionalism in religion. Refused new teachings.	6
5001150408	new lights	Embracing the idea of expansion. More liberals were unhappy with the ways of the english religious system. They pushed for revolution.	7
5001159873	Poor Richard's Almanack	A collection of periodicals by Benjamin Franklin, issued from 1732-1757. They contained humor, information, and proverbial wisdom. He wrote it under the name Richard Saunders.	8
5001170065	Zenger trials	John Peter Zenger brought on trial for printing false statements about colonial officials. Zenger found innocent, he then promoted the idea of freedom of the press. 1765 protest against Stamp Act.	9
5001181809	Royal Colonies	A colony ruled or administered by officials appointed by and responsible to the reigning sovereign of the parent state, appointed by the British crown.	10
5001187876	Proprietary colonies	Any certain colonies that were granted to an individual or group by the British crown and that were granted full rights of self government.	11
5001195013	Jonathan Edwards	The sermons and writings of him helped to shape the course of Protestant theology before, during, and after the Great Awakening.	12
5001201205	George Whitefield	Born 1714, popularly preached and stimulated the 18th century Protestant revival throughout Britain and the British American colonies.	13
5001212361	Phillis Wheatley	Kidnapped from West Africa, and was the first African-American woman to publish a book of poetry in the colonies, doing so in 1773	14

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The American Pageant (16th Edition) Chapter 4 Flashcards

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4044226699	Bacon's Rebellion	Uprising of Virginia back-country farmers and indentured servants led by a planter; initially a response to Governor William Berkeley's refusal to protect back-country settlers from Indian attacks, the rebellion eventually grew into a broader conflict between impoverished settlers and the planter elite.	0
4044226700	Congregational Church	Self-governing Puritan congregations without the hierarchical establishment of the Anglican Church.	1
4044226701	Half-Way Covenant	Agreement allowing unconverted offspring of church members to baptize their children. It signified a waning of religious zeal among second and third generation Puritans.	2
4044226702	headright system	Employed in the tobacco colonies to encourage the importation of indentured servants, the system allowed an individual to acquire fifty acres of land if he paid for a laborer's passage to the colony.	3
4044226703	indentured servants	Migrants who, in exchange for transatlantic passage, bound themselves to a colonial employer for a term of service, typically between four and seven years. Their migration addressed the chronic labor shortage in the colonies and facilitated settlement.	4
4044226704	Jeremiad	Often-fiery sermons lamenting the waning piety of parishioners first delivered in New England in the mid-seventeenth century; named after the doom-saying Old Testament prophet Jeremiah.	5
4044226705	Leisler's Rebellion	Armed conflict between aspiring merchants led by Jacob ? and the ruling elite of New York. One of many uprisings that erupted across the colonies when wealthy colonists attempted to recreate European social structures in the New World.	6
4044226706	Middle Passage	Transatlantic voyage slaves endured between Africa and the colonies. Mortality rates were notoriously high.	7
4044226707	New York slave revolt	Uprising of approximately two dozen slaves that resulted in the deaths of nine whites and the brutal execution of twenty-one participating blacks.	8
4044226708	Royal African Company	English joint-stock company that enjoyed a state-granted monopoly on the colonial slave trade from 1672 until 1698. The supply of slaves to the North American colonies rose sharply once the company lost its monopoly privileges.	9
4044226709	Salem witch trials	Series of witchcraft trials launched after a group of adolescent girls in Salem, Massachusetts, claimed to have been bewitched by certain older women of the town. Twenty individuals were put to death before the trials were put to an end by the Governor of Massachusetts.	10
4044226710	Slave Codes	Set of laws defining racial slavery beginning in 1662, including establishing the hereditary nature of slavery, and legally limiting the rights and learning of slaves.	11
4044226711	South Carolina slave revolt	Uprising, also known as the Stono Rebellion, of more than fifty South Carolina blacks along the Stono River. The slaves attempted to reach Spanish Florida but were stopped by the South Carolina militia.	12
4044226712	disfranchise	To take away the right to vote.	13
4044226713	civil war	Any conflict between the citizens or inhabitants of the same country.	14
4044226714	tidewater	The territory adjoining water affected by tides - that is, near the seacoast or coastal rivers.	15
4044226715	fertility	The ability to produce and bear abundant young.	16
4044226716	menial	Fit for servants; humble or low.	17
4044226717	militia	A voluntary, non-professional armed force of citizens, usually called to military service only in emergencies.	18
4044226718	hierarchy	A social group arranged in ranks or classes.	19
4044226719	corporation	A private group or institution to which the government grants legal rights to carry on specific activities.	20
4044226720	lynching	The illegal execution of an accused person by mob action, without due process of law.	21
4044226721	hinterland	An inland region set back from a port, river, or seacoast.	22
4044226722	social structure	The basic pattern of the distribution of status and wealth in society.	23
4044226723	blue blood	Of noble and upper class descent.	24

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Biochemistry a short course Chapter 10 Flashcards

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3088421638	Carbohydrates Empirical Formula	(CH2O)n	0
3088424332	Carbohydrate functions	1)Energy Storage (NOT THE MAIN ONE) 2)Cell to Cell Signaling	1
3088428991	Covalent bonds much more varied for carbs. Therefore, what does this imply?	Vast array of 3-D structures and a variety of isomeric forms	2
3088430159	Monosaccharides nomenclature	Aldehydes=Aldoses Ketone=Ketoses Example=D-Fructose is the most abundant ketohexose	3
3088435699	Proteins use L isomers while sugars use...	D isomers	4
3088436157	Epimers	Molecules that differ in configuration at only one chiral carbon	5
3088445825	In solution the which form of sugar dominates?	Cyclic	6
3088450868	Six-membered Ring	Pyranose	7
3088451534	Five-membered Ring	Furanose	8
3088452280	alpha vs. beta configurations	Alpha=down Beta=up	9
3088453571	Monosaccharides	aldehydes or ketones that have two or more hydroxyl groups. Smallest ones have atleast three carbons	10
3088455763	Reducing Sugar	-Can reduce other molecules and therefore are oxidized. -In open form have an aldehyde group -Fructose is a non-reducing sugar	11
3088460734	Advanced glycation end products(AGEs)	Binding of sugars to proteins that have been implicated in pathological conditions	12
3088464568	Anomeric Carbon bound to Alcohol	Glycosidic or O-glycosidic bond	13
3088465781	Anomeric Carbon bound to Amine	N-glycosidic bond	14
3088466331	Oligosaccharides	link tow or more sugars through O-glycosidic bonds	15
3088467507	Glycosyltransferases	-catalyze glycosidic bond formation on any of the hydroxyl groups on sugar -Lots of hydroxyl groups =>diversity of bonds=>Different enzymes needed to make different bonds -1to2% of the genome	16
3088473312	UDP-Glucose	activated sugar nucleotide that has energy needed to form a glycosidic bond.	17
3088475150	Glucosinolates	-Special class of glycosides in plants -Hydrolyzed into isothiocynate which is bitter -Discourages herbivory	18
3088478146	Sucrose	-alpha-Glucose to beta-Fructose	19
3088479366	Lactose	-Galactose to Glucose -Beta 1to4 glycoside	20
3088494760	Maltose	-Glucose to Glucose -Alpha 1 to 4 glycoside	21
3088498876	Glucose	-Reducing Sugar -Down, Up, Down	22
3088499794	Fructose	-Non-reducing sugar -Up, down	23
3088501258	Galactose	-Reducing Sugar -Down, Up, Up	24
3088504218	Polysaccharides	Large polymeric oligosaccharides	25
3088504789	Homopolymer	Polymer made up of same monomer	26
3088505703	Glycogen	-Common in muscle and liver -Main strand is alpha 1 to 4 glycosides -Branching is alpha 1 to 6 -Forms hollow helix that allows more compact storage and easier access for enzymes	27
3088510850	Starch	-Nutritional reservoir in plants -Amylose -Amylopectin -Hydrolyzed by alpha-amylase	28
3088512293	Amylose	unbranched alpha-(1,4) glycosides	29
3088520547	Amylopectin	-Branched at every thirty units -alpha (1to4) linkages -alpha (1to6) linkages	30
3088524048	Cellulose	-Most abundant organic compound in Biosphere -Long chains interact through H-bonding to generate rigid, supportive structure -High tensil strength -Beta (1to4) linkages	31
3088530282	3 classes of glycoproteins	1)Glycoproteins 2)Proteoglycans 3)Mucins	32
3088530931	Glycoproteins	-Mainly protein -Part of cell membranes for cell adhesion/interaction -Most proteins in serum are glycosylated	33
3088532764	Proteoglycans	-Mainly Carbs -Protein conjugated to a glycosaminoglycan -Structural components and Lubricants	34
3088539601	Mucins	-Mostly Carbs. -Proteins usually bound to N-acetylgalactosamine	35
3088542822	All N-linked glycoproteins have what?	Pentasaccharide core consisting of 3 mannoses and 2 N-Acetylglucosamines -Additional sugars attach to this core to form variety of oligosaccharides	36
3088547764	Erythropoietin	-Stimulates RBC count -Glycoprotein -Stabilized by Glycosylation -Glycosylation is unique to the organism that produced it.	37
3088553333	Proteoglycans	-Bound to glycosaminoglycans which determine its properties. -Lubes and structures. -Mediate adhesion of cells -Bind factors that regulate cell proliferation	38
3088557063	Glycosaminoglycans	-Repeating units of disaccharides(either glactosamine or glucosamine) -One of the two sugars has carboylate or sulfate group -Hyaluronate -Chondrotien -Chitin	39
3088560559	Mucopolysaccharidoses	diseases from inability to degrade glycosamionglycans	40
3088583061	Aggrecans	-shock absorber that are linked by hyaluronate(a glycosaminoglycan) -Water absorbs into hyaluronate improving cushioning	41
3088586747	Chitin	-Glycosaminoglycan found in exoskeleton -second most abundant polysaccharide	42
3088588124	Mucins	Form large polymeric structures -Abundant in saliva -Function as lubricants	43
3088589808	Defining feature of mucins	Variable number of tandem repeats(VNTR) -rich in serine and threonine residues that are O-glycosylated	44
3088592558	O-Antigen	-Common oligosaccharide foundation for other blood antigens	45
3088593797	A-Antigen	Addition of one N-acetyl galactosamine	46
3088596574	B-Antigen	Addition of one galactose	47
3088596917	Why different blood types?	Variety means protection from diseases	48
3088598501	I-cell diseases	lysosomal storage disease -Enzymes not tagged correctly=>end up in blood -Have no mannose-6-phosphate on enzyme	49
3088601286	Glycan-binding proteins	bind specific carb structure on neighboring cells -Lectin	50
3088603118	Lectins	-facilitate cell to cell interactions. -Contain two or more carb-binding sites -Link carbs via weak interactions	51
3088606148	Selectins	-Type of lectins -Bind to immune system cells to sites of injury in inflammatory response	52
3088613367			53

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How to preserve a specimen Flashcards

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4850243079	List the fragile organisms (9)	anaerobes salmonella shigella S. pneumoniae chlamydia Haemophilus Neisseria viruses Parasites	0
4850253520	viruses	use a viral transport media 4 degrees if delayed more than 24 hours, freeze at -70	1
4850263951	stool for O & P	use the appropriate preservative (PVA, SAF, Ecofix, MIF etc.) soft or liquid specimen, preserve or examine ASAP	2
4850277544	stool for culture	cary-blair transport medium process immediately can refrigerate at 4 degrees but it will kill shigella	3
4850283984	sputum	4 degrees	4
4850292385	urine	if it can't be processed within 2 hours, use transport tubes with boric acid 4 degrees no more than 24 hours	5
4850297006	Neisseria gonorrhoeae	amies transport with charcoal OR transgrow OR JEMBEC plate OR Gono-Pak OR BioBag 25 degrees DO NOT REFRIGERATE	6
4850303597	CSF	DO NOT REFRIGERATE 25 or 35 degrees	7
4850306891	Anaerobes	anerobic transport systems 25 degrees DO NOT REFRIGERATE	8

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Specimen preservation Flashcards

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4707826144	most commonly used method of preservation	refrigeration	0
4707826554	does not interfere with chemical tests, prevents bacterial growth up to 24 hours, raises sp. gr. by hydrometer, precipitates amorphous phosphates and urates	refrigeration	1
4707826838	for culture transport	boric acid	2
4707827092	preserves glucose and sediments well, interferes with acid precipitation test for protein	thymol	3
4707828004	preserves protein and sediments well, keeps pH at about 6.0, does not interfere with routine UA except pH, may precipitate crystals when used in large amounts	boric acid	4
4707828116	BACTERIOSTATIC at 18 g/L; interferes with drug and hormone analysis	boric acid	5
4707828144	interferes with drug and hormone analysis	boric acid	6
4707829065	excellent SEDIMENT preservative that acts as a reducing agent	formalin	7
4707829528	interferes with chemical tests for glucose, blood, leukocyte esterase and copper reduction	formalin	8
4707829710	used to preserve cells and casts	formalin	9
4707829998	does not interfere with routine analysis, flots on surface of specimens and clings to pipets and testing materials	toluene	10
4707830041	prevents glycolysis	sodium fluoride	11
4707830182	inhibits reagent strip tests for glucose, blood and leukocytes	sodium fluoride	12
4707830527	good preservative for DRUG ANALYSIS	sodium fluoride	13
4707830884	causes odor change, does not interfere with routine tests, use 1 drop per ounce of specimen	phenol	14
4707831001	preserves cellular elements, for CYTOLOGY studies	Saccamano fixative	15
4707831834	at a pH of ____, 30 mL of 6N _____ can be used for catecholamines, VMA or 5-HIAA	1-2; HCl	16
4707832693	at a pH of ____, _____ is used for AMINO ACID ANALYSIS	3; HCl	17
4707833072	prevents bacterial growth and is useful as a glucose preservative	Clorhexidine	18
4707843456	preserves bacteria, stable at 48 hrs	Gray C & S tube	19
4707843561	used for automated instruments	yellow plain UA tube	20

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Cellular Respiration Flashcards

Vocabulary: aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration, fermentation, oxidation, reduction, reducing agent, oxidizing agent, redox reaction, electron transport chain, NAD (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide), glycolysis, Kreb cycle (citric acid cycle), oxidative phosphorylation, substrate-level phosphorylation, chemiosmosis, ATP synthase, cytochromes, proton-motive force, obligate aerobe, obligate anaerobe, facultative anaerobe, beta oxidation, biosynthesis
Objectives: After attending lectures and studying the chapter, the student should be able to:
1. Define cellular respiration.
a. State which organisms undergo cellular respiration.
b. Distinguish between the site of cellular respiration in prokaryotic cells and in eukaryotic cells.
c. Distinguish between the terms aerobic and anaerobic.
d. Write the general chemical equation for aerobic cellular respiration.
e. Write the general chemical equation for lactic acid fermentation and state which organisms can undergo this process.
f. Write the general chemical equation for alcohol fermentation and state which organisms can undergo this process.
2. Relating to cellular energy:
a. Explain the chemical energy relationship between glucose and ATP.
b. Explain the chemical energy role of ATP in driving cellular reactions.
c. Describe the structure of ATP, ADP, and AMP.
d.Explain why ATP is considered the "energy currency" of the cell and glucose is not.
e. State how many ATPs are produced from 1 glucose molecule during:
* aerobic cellular respiration in prokaryotic cells
* aerobic cellular respiration in eukaryotic cells
* fermentation
3. Describe the making of ATP through substrate-level phosphorylation.
4. Relating to oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport chain + chemiosmosis):
a. Define oxidation and reduction and describe the redox reactions of an electron transport chain.
b.

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2137928977	Compare and contrast aerobic and anaerobic respiration	Both processes include glycolysis. In aerobic respiration oxygen (O2) is needed and in anaerobic respiration no oxygen needed. Aerobic produces 36 ATP; Anaerobic produces 2 ATP. *There are many ways to compare and contrast these!!!	0
2137928979	Aerobic Respiration	Uses oxygen	1
2137928980	What is the first step of cellular respiration?	Glycolysis	2
2137928981	Electron Transport Chain	Occurs on the inner membrane of the mitochondria. All of the electrons (H) from glucose travel to the inner membrane of the mitochondria.	3
2137928982	How many ATP are produced by the Kreb cycle for each molecule of glucose?	2	4
2137928983	Which of the part of the cellular respiration process takes place in the cytoplasm?	Glycolysis	5
2137928984	In what organelle would you find Kreb's cycle and the electron transport chain?	The Mitochondria	6
2137928985	What is the main event that occurs in glycolysis?	This process breaks glucose into pyruvate molecules. It produces 2 ATPs for each glucose.	7
2137928986	How many ATP molecules are produced in the Kreb's cycle?	2	8
2137928987	How would you describe the electron transport chain?	This process uses energy captured from electrons flowing to oxygen to produce most of the ATPs in cellular respiration	9
2137928988	What is needed for aerobic respiration?	Oxygen	10
2137928989	Which portion of cellular respiration produces the most ATP?	The Electron Transport Chain (32 ATP per glucose)	11
2137928990	During respiration, the electron transport chain occurs in the....	inner membrane of the mitochondria.	12
2137928991	Fermentation occurs....?	When oxygen is NOT present in anaerobic cellular respiration.	13
2137928992	Where does glycolysis occur?	cytoplasm	14
2137928993	What does the suffix -"lysis" mean?	To Break	15
2137928994	Explain the Kreb Cycle. What happens?	This part of respiration occurs in the matrix of the mitochondria. It releases enough energy to make 2 ATP and 6 CO2.	16
2137968391	Where does the Kreb Cycle occur?	The matrix of the mitochondria.	17
2137928995	What is a pyruvate molecule?	1/2 of a glucose molecule.	18
2137928996	How many pyruvates are produced from ONE glucose molecule?	2	19
2137928997	How many carbons are in glucose?	6	20
2137928998	What is the storage form of energy called?	ATP	21
2137929002	What is the name for the acronym ATP	adenosine triphosphate	22
2137929003	what is the process of converting glucose into energy called?	cellular respiration	23
2137993594	In which environment does a cell produce more ATP?	Aerobic	24
2138004795	Steps of Anaerobic Cellular Respiration	Glycolysis, Fermentation	25
2138009958	Steps of Aerobic Cellular Respiration	Glycolysis, Kreb's Cycle, Electron Chain Transport	26
2138019609	Cellular Respiration Formula	C6H12O2 + 6O2 ------> 6CO2 + 6H20 + Energy (ATP)	27
2138027169	Anaerobic Cellular Respiration occurs in ...	bacteria, yeast, or muscle cells.	28
2138032947	Products of Aerobic Cellular Respiration	6CO2 +6H2O + Energy (ATP)	29
2138036567	Reactants of Aerobic Cellular Respiration	C6H12O6 +6O2	30
2138039970	Metabolic Rate	How quickly metabolism occurs. This affects how much food an organism needs to eat.	31
2138045149	Definition of Cellular Respiration	The process of breaking the chemical bonds of glucose into energy. Breaking chemical bonds releases electrons.	32
2138049589	ATP releases energy and becomes....	ADP (Adenosine Diphosphate)	33

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Animals Flashcards

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2646553605	Cat	Gato	0
2646554696	Kitten	Gatito	1
2646555273	Dog	Perro	2
2646555522	Puppy	Perrito	3
2646555773	Fish	Pez	4
2646556474	Bird	Pajaro	5
2646556764	Parrot	Loro	6
2646557160	Parakeet	Perico	7
2646557669	Guinea Pig	Cobaya	8
2646558433	Rabbit	Conejo	9
2646558772	Horse	Caballo	10
2646558773	Pig	Cerdo	11
2646559523	Cow	Vaca	12
2646559524	Goat	Cabra	13
2646559774	Goose	Oca	14
2646560145	Hen	Gallina	15
2646561075	Squirrel	Ardilla	16
2646561401	Fox	Zorro	17
2646561670	Wolf	Lobo	18
2646562229	Bear	Oso	19
2646562584	Lion	Leon	20
2646562585	Tiger	Tigre	21
2646562944	Cheetah	Guepardo	22
2646563373	Panther	Pantera	23
2646563872	Monkey	Mono	24
2646564187	Elephant	Elefante	25
2646565130	Giraffe	Jirafa	26
2646566236	Zebra	Cebra	27
2646566237	Rhino	Rinoceronte	28
2646566742	Hippo	Hipopatamo	29
2646567488	Camel	Camella	30
2646567771	Panda	Panda	31
2646567772	Koala	Koala	32
2646568247	Crow	Cuervo	33
2646568552	Eagle	Aguila	34
2646569065	Penguin	Pinguino	35
2646569463	Seal	Foca	36
2646569832	Sea Lion	Leon Marino	37
2646570162	Dolphin	Delfin	38
2646570163	Shark	Tiburon	39
2646572073	Jellyfish	Medusa	40
2646572718	Whale	Bellena	41
2646573629	Serpent	Serpiente O La Culebra	42
2646573920	Frog	Rana	43
2646574971	Turtle	Tortuga	44
2646575259	Lizard	Lagarto	45
2646578778	Parrot	Papagayo	46

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animals Flashcards

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4136095156	cow	פרה	0
4136096435	sheep	כבשה	1
4136099806	goat	עז	2
4136101379	puppy	כלבלב	3
4136103087	kitten	חתלתול	4
4136106534	horse	סוס	5
4136108451	donkey	חמור	6
4136109512	turtle	צב	7
4136110722	frog	צפרדע	8
4136111895	rabbit	ארנבת	9
4136112698	dolphin	דולפין	10
4136114800	crocodile	תנין	11
4136115581	fish	דג	12
4136116775	bird	ציפור	13
4136118787	penguin	פינגווין	14
4136119557	monkey	קוף	15
4136120243	giraffe	ג'ירפה	16
4136121866	tiger	טיגרס	17
4136122772	elephant	פיל	18
4136124043	snake	נחש	19
4136126399	chicken	עוף	20
4136127784	hen	תרנגולת	21
4136137020	lion	אריה	22
4136165756	panda	פנדה	23
4136167383	wolf	זאב	24
4136169620	duck	ברווז	25
4136174229	hippo	היפופוטם	26
4136175074	parrot	תוכי	27
4136178926	bear	דב	28
4136180778	zebra	זברה	29

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Europe Flashcards

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3871853855	Russia		0
3871854874	Italy		1
3871855709	United Kingdom		2
3871856160	Ireland		3
3871856601	Spain		4
3871857211	Portugal		5
3871858084	France		6
3871858567	Germany		7
3871859586	Switzerland		8
3871860231	Belgium		9
3871860812	Netherlands		10
3871861361	Denmark		11
3871861861	Iceland		12
3871862209	Poland		13
3871862888	Norway		14
3871863428	Sweden		15
3871864430	Finland		16
3871865106	Austria		17
3871865770	Hungary		18
3871866478	Greece		19
3871866855	Romania		20
3871868134	Czech Republic		21
3871868934	Bulgaria		22
3871869524	Croatia		23
3871877200	Mediterranean Sea	Large sea that is between Europe and Africa	24
3871883021	Caspian Sea	Sea between Europe and Asia. Largest lake by surface area.	25
3871893159	Volga River	Longest river in Europe	26
3871896462	Loire River	Longest river in France	27
3871898228	Thames River	Longest river in England	28
3871903241	The Alps	Mountain range that stretches across 8 countries in southern Europe.	29
3871908837	The Ural Mountains	Mountain range that is considered the boundary between Europe and Asia.	30