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Emergency Care 13th Edition Chapter 19 Flashcards

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2715588988auraa sensation experienced by a seizure patient right before the seizure, which might be a smell, sound, or general feeling0
2715590573diabetes mellitusalso called "sugar diabetes" or just "diabetes"; the condition brought about by decreased insulin production or the inability of the body cells to use insulin properly. The person with this condition is called diabetic1
2715674902diabete ketoacidosisa condition that occurs as the result of high blood sugar, characterized by dehydration, altered mental status, and shock2
2715704581epilepsya medical condition that causes seziures3
2715705012generalized seizuresa seizure that affects both sides of the brain4
2715730013glucosea form of sugar, the body's basic source of energy.5
2715730561hyperglycemiahigh blood sugar6
2722994762hypoglycemialow blood sugar7
2722994763insulina hormone produced by the pancreas or taken as a medication by many diabetics8
2722995289partial seizurea seizure that affects only one part or one side of the brain9
2722995496postictal phasethe period of time immediately following a tonic clonic seizure in which the patient goes from full loss of consciousness to full mental status10
2722996681reticular activating systema series of neurologic circuts in the brain that control the functions of staying awake, paying attention, and sleeping11
2722997190seizurea sudden change in sensation, behavior, or movement. The most severe form of seizure produces violent muscle contractions called convulsions12
2722997670sepsisinfection, especially a severe, system wide response to infection13
2722997961status epilepticusa prolonged seizure or situation when a person suffers two or more convulsive seizures without regaining full conciousness14
2722998400strokea condition of altered function caused when an artery in the brain is blocked or ruptured, disrupting the supply of oxygenated blood or causing bleeding into the brain. Formally called a cerebrovascular accident (CVA)15
2722999951syncopefainting16
2722999952tonic-clonica generalized seizure in which the patient loses consciousness and has jerking movements of paired muscle groups17
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Emergency Care 13th Edition Chapter 18 Flashcards

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2715348492acute coronary syndromea blanket term used to represent any symptoms related to lack of oxygen (ischemia) in the heart muscle. also known as cardiac compromise0
2715350764acute myocardial infarctionthe condition in which a portion of the myocardium dies as a result of oxygen starvation; often called a heart attack by laypersons1
2715357448agonal breathingirregular, gasping breaths that precede apnea and death2
2715359729aneurysmthe dilation, or ballooning, of a weakened section of a wall of an artery3
2715360453angina pectorispain in the chest occurring when blood supply to the heart is reduced and a portion of the heart muscle is not receiving enough oxygen.4
2715362679apneano breathing5
2715362870asytolea condition in which the heart has ceased generating electrical impulses. Commonly called flatline6
2715363596bradycardiawhen the heart rate is slow, usually less than 607
2715364267cardiac compromisesee acute coronary syndrome8
2715364705cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)actions taken to revive a person by keeping the person's hear and lungs working9
2715365154cardiovascular systemthe heart and blood vessels10
2715365368congestive heart failure (CHF)the failure of the heart to pump efficiently, leading to excessive blood or fluids in the lungs, the body, or both11
2715366760Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)disease that affect the arteries of the heart12
2715367195defirbillationdelivery of an electrical shock to stop the fibrillation of heart muscles and restore a normal heart rhythm13
2715368093dyspneashortness of breath; labored or difficult breathing14
2715368923dysrhythmiaa disturbance in heart rate and rhythm15
2715369777edemaswelling resulting from a buildup of fluid in the tissues16
2715370033embolismblockage of a vessel by a clot or foreign material brought to the site by the blood current17
2715485932nitroglycerina medication that dilates the blood18
2715485936occlusionblockage, as of an artery, by fatty deposits19
2715486764pedal edemaaccumulation of fluid in the feet or ankles20
2715571932pulmonary edemaaccumulation of fluid in the lungs21
2715572548pulseless electrical activitya condition in which the heart's electrical rhythm remains relatively normal, yet the mechanical pumping activity fails to follow the electrical activity, causing cardiac arrest22
2715574968sudden deatha cardiac arrest that occurs within two hours of the onset of symptoms. the patient may have no prior symptoms of coronary artery disease.23
2715576389tachycardiawhen the heart rate is fast, more than 100 beats per minute24
2715576802thrombusa clot formed of blood and plaque attached to the inner wall of an artery or vein25
2715577363ventricular fibrillation (VF)a condition in which the heart's electrical impulses are disorganized, preventing the heart muscle from contracting normally.26
2715578956ventricular tachycardiaa condition in which the heartbeat is quite rapid; if rapid enough, ventricular tachycardia will not allow the hear's chambers to fill with enough blood between bears to produce blood flow sufficient to meet the body's needs.27
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Emergency Care 13th Edition Chapter 21 Flashcards

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2723032380absorbed poisonspoisons that are taken into the body from unbroken skin0
2723032924activated charcoala substance that adsorbs many poisons and prevents them from being absorbed by the body1
2723033679antidotea substance that will neutralize the poison or its effects2
2723034279delirium tremens (DT's)a severe reaction that can be part of alcohol withdrawal, characterized by sweating, trembling, anxiety, and hallucinations. Severe alcohol withdrawal with the DT's can lead to death if left untreated3
2723037101dilutionthinning down or weakening by mining something with something else. Ingested poisons are sometimes diluted by drinking water or milk4
2723037901downersdepressants, such as barbiturates, that depress the central nervous system, which are often used to bring on a more relaxed state of mind5
2723038666hallucinogensmind-affecting mind-altering drugs that act on the central nervous system to produce excitement and distortion of preceptions6
2723039686ingested poisonspoisons that are swallowed7
2723040069inhaled poisonspoisons that are breathed in8
2723040286injected poisonspoisons that are inserted through the skin, for example by needle, snake fangs, or insect stinger9
2723041852narcoticsa class of drugs that affect the nervous system and change many normal body activities. Their legal use is for the relief of pain. Illicit use is to produce an intense state of relaxation10
2723043218poisonany substance that can harm the body by altering cell structure or functions11
2723043723toxina poisonous substance secreted by bacteria, plants, or animals12
2723044553uppersstimulants such as amphetamines that affect the central nervous system to excite the user13
2723049208volatile chemicalsvaporizing compounds, such as cleaning fluid, that are breathed in by the abuser to produce a "high"14
2723049997withdrawalreferring to alcohol to drug withdrawal in which the patient's body reacts severely when deprived of the absurd substance15
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Emergency Care 13th Edition Chapter 24 Flashcards

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2735115086anemialack of a normal number of red blood cells in the circulation0
2735115408coagulopathyloss of the normal ability to form a blood clot with internal or external bleeding1
2735115640continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysisa gravity exchange process for peritoneal dialysis in which a bag of dialysis fluid is raised above the level of an abdominal catheter to fill the abdominal cavity and lowered below the level of the abdominal catheter to drain the fluid out2
2735117042continuous cycler-assisted peritoneal dialysisa mechanical process for peritoneal dialysis in which a machine fills and empties the abdominal cavity of dialysis solution3
2735117300end-stage renal diseaseirreversible renal failure to the extent that the kidneys can no longer provide adequate filtration and fluid balance to sustain life, requires dialysis4
2735117600exchangeone cycle of filling and draining the peritoneal cavity in peritoneal dialysis5
2735117985pyelonenephritisan infection that begins in the urinary tract and ascends up the ureter into the kidney6
2735118130renal failureloss of the kidney's ability to filter the blood and remove toxins and excess fluid from the body7
2735118366sickle cell anemiaan inherited disease in which genetics in the hemoglobin results in abnormal structure of those red blood cells8
2735118616thrilla vibration felt on gentle palpation, such as that which typically occurs within an arterial-venous vistula9
2735118943urinary cathetera drainage tube placed into the urinary system to allow the flow of urine out of the body10
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Emergency Care 13th Edition Chapter 28 Flashcards

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2746014345angulated fracturefracture in which the broken bone segments are at an angle to each other.0
2746014346boneshard but flexible living structures that provide support for the body and protection to vital organs.1
2746014422cartilagetough tissue that covers the joint ends of bones and helps to form certain body parts such as the ear.2
2746014423closed extremity injuryan injury to an extremity with no associated opening in the skin.3
2746014563comminuted fracturea fracture in which the bone is broken in several places.4
2746014564compartment syndromeinjury caused when tissues such as blood vessels and nerves are constricted within a space as from swelling or from a tight dressing or cast.5
2746014627crepitusa grating sensation or sound made when fractured bone ends rub together.6
2746014628dislocationthe disruption or "coming apart" of a joint.7
2746014629extremitiesthe portions of the skeleton that include the clavicles, scapulae, arms, wrists, and hands (upper extremities) and the pelvis, thighs, legs, ankles, and feet (lower extremities).8
2746014630fractureany break in a bone.9
2746014729greenstick fracturean incomplete fracture.10
2746014730jointsplaces where bones articulate, or meet.11
2746014731ligamenttissue that connects bone to bone.12
2746014732manual tractionthe process of applying tension to straighten and realign a fractured limb before splinting. Also called tension.13
2746014735muscletissue that can contract to allow movement of a body part.14
2746015016open extremity injuryan extremity injury in which the skin has been broken or torn through from the inside by an injured bone or from the outside by something that has caused a penetrating wound with associated injury to the bone.15
2746015017sprainthe stretching and tearing of ligaments.16
2746015018strainmuscle injury resulting from overstretching or overexertion of the muscle.17
2746015019tendontissue that connects muscle to bone.18
2746015158traction splinta splint that applies constant pull along the length of a lower extremity to help stabilize the fractured bone and to reduce muscle spasm in the limb. Traction splints are used primarily on femoral shaft fractures.19
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Emergency Care 13th Edition Chapter 15 Flashcards

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2701313559base stationa two-way radio at a fixed site such as a hospital or dispatch center.0
2701314838cell phonea phone that transmits through the air instead of over wires so the phone can be transported and used over a wide area.1
2701321702drop report (or transfer report)an abbreviated form of the PCR that an EMS crew can leave at the hospital when there is not enough time to complete the PCR before leaving.2
2701325398mobile radioa two-way radio that is used or affixed in a vehicle.3
2701326060portable radioa handheld two-way radio.4
2701327112repeatera device that picks up signals from lower-power radio units, such as mobile and portable radios, and retransmits them at a higher power. It allows low-power radio signals to be transmitted over longer distances.5
2701330890telemetrythe process of sending and receiving data wirelessly.6
2701331895wattthe unit of measurement of the output power of a radio.7
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Emergency Care 13th Edition Chapter 13 Flashcards

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2701142189auscultationlistening. A stethoscope is used to auscultate for characteristic sounds.0
2701157129blood pressurethe force of blood against the walls of the blood vessels.1
2701158512blood pressure monitora machine that automatically inflates a blood pressure cuff and measures blood pressure.2
2701162444brachial arterythe major artery of the arm.3
2701164465brachial pulsethe pulse felt in the upper arm.4
2701169308bradycardiaa slow pulse, any pulse rate below 60 beats per minute.5
2701170987carotid pulsethe pulse felt along the large carotid artery on either side of the neck.6
2701174102constrictget smaller7
2701175118diastolic blood pressurethe pressure remaining in the arteries when the left ventricle of the heart is relaxed and refilling.8
2701177882dilateget larger9
2701183640oxygen saturation (SpO2)the ratio of the amount of oxygen present in the blood to the amount that could be carried, expressed as a percentage.10
2701186172palpationtouching or feeling. A pulse or blood pressure may be palpated with the fingertips.11
2701187787pulsethe rhythmic beats felt as the heart pumps blood through the arteries.12
2701189873pulse oximeteran electronic device for determining the amount of oxygen carried in the blood, known as the oxygen saturation or SpO2.13
2701193139pulse qualitythe rhythm (regular or irregular) and force (strong or weak) of the pulse.14
2701202162pulse ratethe number of pulse beats per minute.15
2701202665pupilthe black center of the eye.16
2701203115radial pulsethe pulse felt at the wrist.17
2701204859reactivityin the pupils of the eyes, reacting to light by changing size.18
2701206565respirationthe act of breathing in and breathing out.19
2701209400respiratory qualitythe normal or abnormal (shallow, labored, or noisy) character of breathing.20
2701210891respiratory ratethe number of breaths taken in one minute.21
2701215276respiratory rhythmthe regular or irregular spacing of breaths.22
2701217218sphygmomanometerthe cuff and gauge used to measure blood pressure.23
2701218928systolic blood pressurethe pressure created when the heart contracts and forces blood out into the arteries.24
2701221234tachycardiaa rapid pulse, any pulse rate over 100 beats per minute.25
2701222554vital signsoutward signs of what is going on inside the body, including respiration, pulse, skin color, temperature, and condition (plus capillary refill in infants and children), pupils, and blood pressure.26
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Emergency Care 13th Edition Chapter 12 Flashcards

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2701079689ABCsairway, breathing, and circulation.0
2701081031AVPUa memory aid for classifying a patient's level of responsiveness or mental status. The letters stand for alert, verbal response, painful response, unresponsive.1
2701092169chief complaintin emergency medicine, the reason EMS was called, usually in the patient's own words.2
2701097625general impressionimpression of the patient's condition that is formed on first approaching the patient, based on the patient's environment, chief complaint, and appearance.3
2701104455interventionsactions taken to correct or manage a patient's problems.4
2701106706mental statuslevel of responsiveness5
2701107680primary assessmentthe first element in a patient assessment; steps taken for the purpose of discovering and dealing with any life-threatening problems. The six parts of primary assessment are 1) forming a general impression, 2) assessing mental status, 3) assessing airway, 4) assessing breathing, 5) assessing circulation, and 6) determining the priority of the patient for treatment and transport to the hospital.6
2701128443prioritythe decision regarding the need for immediate transport of the patient versus further assessment and care at the scene.7
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Emergency Care 13th Edition Chapter 9 Flashcards

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2681708848AirwayThe passageway by which air enters and leaves the body.0
2681709832bronchoconstrictionthe contraction of smooth muscle that lines the bronchial passages that results in decreased internal diameter of the airway and increased resistance to airflow1
2681715690gag reflexvomiting or retching that results when something is placed in the back of the pharynx. This is tied to the swallow reflex.2
2681717931head-tilt, chin-liftA means of correcting blockage of the airway by the tongue by tilting the head back and lifting the chin. Used when no trauma, or injury, is suspected.3
2681721210jaw-thrust maneuvera means of correcting blockage of the airway by moving the jaw forward without tilting the head or neck. Used when trauma or injury is suspected to open the airway without causing further injury to the spinal cord in the neck.4
2681726809nasopharyngeal airwaya flexible breathing tube inserted through the patient's nostril into the pharynx to help maintain an open airway5
2681733930oropharyngeal airwaya curved device inserted through the patient's mouth into the pharynx to help maintain an open airway6
2681736255Patent airwayan airway that is open and clear and will remain open and clear without interference to the passage of air into and out of the body7
2681739178stridora high-pitched sound generated from partially obstructed airflow in the upper airway8
2681742377suctioninguse of a vacuum device to remove blood, vomitus, and other secretions or foreign materials from the airway9
2681746148wheezinga high-pitched sound generated by the narrowing of passages of the lower airway10
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Emergency Care 13th Edition Chapter 8 Flashcards

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2680695229Adolescencestage of life from thirteen to eighteen years0
2680695600Bondingthe sense that needs will be met1
2680696100Early adulthoodstage of life from nineteen to forty years2
2680697449infancystage of life from birth to one year of age3
2680698145late adulthoodstage of life from sixty-one years and older4
2680699014middle adulthoodstage of life from forty-one to sixty5
2680701436Moro reflexwhen startled, an infant throws his arms out, spreads his fingers, then grabs his fingers and arms6
2680702518Palmar reflexwhen you place your finger in an infant's palm, he will grasp it7
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